| 3 | 与结核病有关的胸部X线异常阴影:判断活动性病例的重复性和发生数显示文摘背景:呼吸系统疾病三级医疗保健中心。 目的:胸部X线检查是结核病(TB)筛查和诊断的一个主要工具。我们对申请到加拿大的移民的活动性结核病筛查的X线胸片分类系统的重复性进行评价。我们同样对这个分类系统关于筛查的移民、结核菌素阳性的密切接触者及具有相应症状的病人中活动性病例发现的可靠性进行评价。 方法:以随机抽取筛查胸片中10%的样本进行复读来评价其重复性。可靠性由经过详细临床评价的病人的最终临床和细菌学诊断来评定。 结果:阅读者之间用五种粗略分类的一致性是中等的(0.44-0.56 Kappa),而阅读者内的一致性更真实(0.59-0.72 Kappa)。经过年龄和病人组调整后,活动性结核病的调整比值比与正常或微小发现或肉芽肿、纤维化改变的比为10.2(95%可信区间[CI]3.2-33);团块或者胸膜腔渗液为11.6(95%CI3.6-37);实质性浸润的为46.1(95%CI 18-117)。结核菌素阳性的密切接触者中,如果X线胸片显示出团块、胸膜病变或者实质性浸润的,成为活动性结核病的几率大于50%。 结论:与结核病有关的X线胸片异常的五种粗略类型的简单分类,阅读具有中等到很好的重复性,有一定的可靠性。 | S.Graham K.Das Gupta R.J.Hidvegi R.Hanson J.Kosiuk K.Al Zahrani D.Menzies 王海东 | 2002 | 国际结核病与肺部疾病杂志2002，，2： | 0 |
| 4 | Addition of tert-butylhydroquinone(TBHQ)to maize oil reduces lipid oxidation but does not prevent reductions in serum vitamin E in nursery pigs显示文摘Background: Maize oil is abundantly used in foods and feeds and is highly susceptible to oxidation. Consequently,commercially available antioxidants should be evaluated for effectiveness against lipid oxidation in swine diets. Our study was conducted to evaluate growth performance of nursery pigs fed oxidized maize oil and to determine effects of using antioxidants on oxidative status in a 2 × 2 factorial design. Two hundred eight weaned pigs were blocked by initial BW into 13 blocks, resulting in 4 pigs per pen and 13 pens per treatment. Dietary treatments included 6% unoxidized or oxidized maize oil, and 0 or 60 mg/kg of tert-butylhydroquinone(TBHQ), which was added after lipid oxidation. Data for growth performance were collected from 5 time periods of a two-phase feeding program(Phase 1 = d 0 to 12 and Phase 2 = d 13 to 34). Serum and liver samples were collected from one pig per pen, which had initial BW closest to average BW to determine oxidative status on d 34.Results: Oxidized maize oil was heated for 12 h at 185 °C with 12 L/min of air, yielding a peroxide value(PV) of 5.98 m Eq O2/kg and TBARS of 0.11 mg MDA eq/g. Addition of TBHQ to diets containing oxidized maize oil decreased PV by 37% and increased the oil stability index by 69%. Final BW, ADG, ADFI, and G:F of pigs were not different among the four dietary treatments. However, pigs fed oxidized maize oil tended(P < 0.08) to increase hepatosomatic index by 5% compared with those fed unoxidized oil, and this was not affected by adding TBHQ.The serum vitamin E concentration of pigs fed oxidized maize oil was less(P < 0.03) than pigs fed unoxidized oil,but this reduction was not reversed by adding TBHQ. Finally, the serum and liver selenium concentration were not different among the treatments.Conclusions: The addition of TBHQ did not affect growth performance and vitamin E status in pigs fed moderately oxidized maize oil, but TBHQ reduced lipid oxidation, enhanced the oil stability, and appeared to reduce oxidative stress. | Yuan T.Hung Andrea R.Hanson Pedro E.Urriola Lee J.Johnston Brian J.Kerr Gerald C.Shurson | 2019 | Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology2019，10，4： | 0 |
您所在的机构暂未开通此部分的功能，请联系管理员