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| 1 | New prospects in the diagnosis and treatment of immune-mediated inner ear disease显示文摘Autoimmune inner ear disease(AIED) represents a very fertile research field and the advancements in the understanding of this disease have a direct application not only in patients affected with this condition but also in other inner ear disorders that share the same injury mechanism, damage to the inner ear hair cells. AIED also presents many challenges that have still to be overcome. Firstly, access to the inner ear is limited, as many interventions such as biopsies can result in great irreversible damage. Secondly, there are no completely specific markers for AIED. Lack of a definitive diagnosis can result in the treatment of patients not affected with the disease and, therefore, no response. Finally, some patients become refractory to glucocorticoids and new therapies are needed. This review offers an overview of the animal models that have contributed to the understanding of AIED pathophysiology, the value of currently available diagnostic tests, and therapeutic options, with a special focus on new therapies for non responders or patients refractory to glucocorticoids. Among these new options for therapy, biological agents have been tested recently, whereas gene and stem celltherapy may have a role in the future. The intratympanic route of administration avoids the systemic side effects associated with currently used drugs, and may become a more frequent approach in the future. | David R Lobo Jose Ramon García-Berrocal Rafael Ramírez-Camacho | 2014 | World Journal of Methodology2014，4，2： | 7 |
| 2 | Z-Box Binding Transcription Factors (ZBFs): A Ne~ Class of Transcription Factors in Arabidopsis Seedlinq Development显示文摘 | Sreeramaiah N. Gangappa Anjil Kumar Srivastava Jay R Maurya Hathi Ram Sudip Chattopadhyay | 2013 | Molecular Plant2013，6，6： | 5 |
| 3 | Ectopic papilla of Vater in the pylorus显示文摘The major papilla of Vater is usually located in the second portion of the duodenum, to the posterior medial wall. Sometimes the mouth of the biliary duct is located in other areas. Drainage of the common bile duct into the pylorus is extremely rare. A 73-year old man, with a history of duodenal ulcer, was admitted to hospital with the diagnosis of cholangitis. Dilatation of the extrahepatic biliary duct was observed by abdominal ultrasonography, and endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) was performed. No area suggesting the presence of the papilla of Vater was found within the second duodenal portion. Finally the major papilla was located in the theoretical pyloric duct. Cholangiography was performed and choledocholithiasis was found in the biliary tree. The patient underwent dilatation of the papilla with a balloon tyre and removal of a 7 mm stone using a Dormia basket, which solved the problem without further complications. This anomaly increased the difficulty of performing therapeutic interventions during ERCP. This alteration in anatomy may increase the risk of complications during papillotomy, with a theoretically higher risk of perforation. Dilatation using a balloon was the chosen therapeutic technique both in our case and in the literature, due to its low rate of complications. | Iván Guerra Luis Ramón Rábago Fernando Bermejo Elvira Quintanilla Silvia García-Garzón | 2009 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2009，15，41： | 3 |
| 4 | Is mechanical bowel preparation mandatory for elective colon surgery? A prospective randomized study显示文摘 | Ram E Sherman Y Weil R | | 0，，03： | 2 |
| 5 | Government Size and Economic Growth:A New Framework and some Evidence from Cross-Section and Time-Series Data显示文摘 | Ram R | 1989 | American Economic Review1989，，79： | 1 |
| 6 | Is mechanical bowel preparation man- datory for elective colon surgery 显示文摘 | Ram E Sherman Y Weil R | 2005 | Arch Surg2005，140，3： | 1 |
| 7 | Control of postoperative pain after awake craniotomy with local intradermal analgesia and metamizol显示文摘 | GROSSMAN R RAM Z PEREL A | 2007 | Isr Med Assoc J2007，9，5： | 1 |
| 8 | Surface water of a perennial river exhibits multi-antimicrobial resistant shiga toxin and enterotoxin producing Escherichia coli显示文摘 | Ram S Vajpayee P Singh R L | 2009 | Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety2009，72，2： | 1 |
| 9 | Effect of highpressure treatments on mechanical and functional properties of restructured products from arrowtooth flounder(Atheresthes stomias)显示文摘 | Uresti M R Velazquez G Ramírez J | 2004 | Journal of the Science of Food Agriculture2004，84，： | 1 |
| 10 | Rhabdomyolysis induced acute renal failure secondary to statins 显示文摘 | RAM R SWARNALATHA G RAMESH V | 2013 | Indian J Nephrol2013，23，3： | 1 |
| 11 | Electro-Fenton as a Feasible Advanced Treatment Process to Produce Reclaimed Water显示文摘 | Durán Moreno A Frontana-Uribe B A Ramírez Zamora R M | 2004 | Water Science and Technology2004，50，20： | 1 |
| 12 | Embryo cul- ture of early ripening seeded grape ( Vitis vinifera ) geno types显示文摘 | Ramming D W Emershad R L Spiegel Roy P | 1990 | HortScience1990，25，3： | 1 |
| 13 | Discoidin domain receptor-la (DDRla)promotes glioma cell invasion and adhesion in association with matrix metalloproteinase-2 显示文摘 | Ram R Lorente G Nikolich K | 2006 | J Neurooncol2006，76，： | 1 |
| 14 | Discoidin domain receptor-la(DDRla) promotes glioma cell invasion and adhesion in association withmatrix metalloproteinase-2 显示文摘 | RAM R LORENTE G NIKOLICH K | 2006 | Journal of Neu- ro-Oncology2006，68，22： | 1 |
| 15 | Survival of solenopsis mealybug, Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) on cotton in relationto abotic and biotic factors显示文摘 | Kedar S C Saini R K Ram P | 2012 | International Journal of Plant Protection2012，5，2： | 1 |
| 16 | Algorithms for delay-constrained low-cost multicast tree construction显示文摘 | Sriram R Manimaran G Siva Ram Murthy C | 1998 | Computer Communications1998，21，18： | 1 |
| 17 | Putrescine and carnauba wax pretreatmcnts alleviate chilling injury, enhance shelf life and preserve pomegranate fruit quality during cold storage 显示文摘 | KALYAN BARMAN RAM ASREY R K PAL | 2011 | Scientia Horticuhurae2011，130，4： | 1 |
| 18 | Association between calcineurin inhibitor blood concentration and outcomes after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation显示文摘 | Ram R Storer B Mielcarek M | 2012 | Biol Blood Marrow Transplant2012，18，3： | 1 |
| 19 | Effectiveness of group psycho-education on we/l-being and depression among breast cancer survivors of Melaka Malaysia 显示文摘 | Ram S Narayanasamy R Barua A | 2013 | Indian J Palliat Care2013，19，1： | 1 |
| 20 | Is mechanical bowel preparation mandatory for elective colon surgery? A prospective randomized study显示文摘 | Ram E Sherman Y Weil R | 2005 | Arch Surg2005，140，3： | 1 |
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