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| 1 | Nrf2是调控解毒、抗氧化、抗炎等细胞保护机制的重要转录因子--它的活性可被保健食物及其他因素增强(英文)显示文摘转录因子Nrf2(nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2)可激活人类基因组中500多种基因的转录,这些基因大多数具有细胞保护功能。Nrf2通过解毒机制产生细胞保护作用,这些机制增强了有害异物和有毒金属的解毒和排泄。Nrf2经20多种基因的作用来增加高度协调的抗氧化活性;Nrf2也具有重要的抗炎作用;Nrf2促进线粒体的生物合成抑或提高线粒体功能;Nrf2增强细胞自噬以清除毒性蛋白的聚集体和功能异常的细胞器。有益健康的营养素和其他因素,包括酚类抗氧化剂、γ-和δ-生育酚和三烯生育酚、长链Ω-3脂肪酸DHA和EPA、类胡萝卜素(其中番茄红素可能活性最强)、十字花科蔬菜中的异硫氰酸酯、葱蒜类蔬菜中的硫化物、及萜类化合物,至少部分是通过增加Nrf2活性起作用的。其他一些有益健康并增加Nrf2活性的因素包括低水平的氧化应激[毒物兴奋效应(hormesis)]、锻炼和热量限制。现已发现,增加Nrf2活性可预防和/或治疗模型动物和/或人类许多慢性炎症性疾病,包括各种心血管疾病、肾脏疾病、肺脏疾病、中毒性肝损伤疾病、癌症(预防)、糖尿病/代谢综合征/肥胖、败血症、自身免疫性疾病、炎性肠病、HIV/AIDS及癫痫。较少证据提示增加Nrf2活性可降低其他16种疾病的风险,这些疾病中的大多数可能是NO/ONOO-环有关的疾病,而Nrf2可削弱NO/ONOO-环元素的多种作用。已知最健康的饮食(地中海和冲绳地区的传统饮食)富含促进Nrf2活性的营养素,这就像我们的祖先在旧石器时代的饮食一样。Nrf2是否同时具有延长寿命和促进健康的作用是有争议的。Nrf2活性过度的可能负面作用也被讨论。Nrf2不是一个灵丹妙药,但可能对于促进健康非常重要,特别是对于那些日常暴露于有毒化学药品的人。 | Martin L Pall Stephen Levine | 2015 | 生理学报2015，67，1： | 35 |
| 2 | Pancreatitis: Preventing catastrophic haemorrhage显示文摘Pancreatitis represents nearly 3% of acute admissions to general surgery in United Kingdom hospitals and has a mortality of around 1%-7% which increases to around 10%-18% in patients with severe pancreatitis. Patients at greatest risk were those identified to have infected pancreatic necrosis and/or organ failure. This review seeks to highlight the potential vascular complications associated with pancreatitis that despite being relatively uncommon are associated with mortality in the region of 34%-52%. We examine the current evidence base to determine the most appropriate method by which to image and treat pseudo-aneurysms that arise as the result of acute and chronic inflammation of pancreas. We identify how early recognition of the presence of a pseudo-aneurysm can facilitate expedited care in an expert centre of a complex pathology that may require angiographic, percutaneous, endoscopic or surgical intervention to prevent catastrophic haemorrhage. | Richard PT Evans Moustafa Mabrouk Mourad Gunraj Pall Simon G Fisher Simon R Bramhall | 2017 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2017，23，30： | 6 |
| 3 | 针对患者利益的机器学习和人工智能研究:在透明性、可重复性、伦理和有效性等方面的20个关键问题显示文摘机器学习(ML)、人工智能(AI)和其他现代统计方法正为利用先前尚未开发且极速增长的数据资源提供新的机会,以期让患者获益。尽管目前正在进行许多有前景的研究,特别是在图像方面,但就文献整体而言还缺乏透明度、对可重复性清晰的阐述、对潜在伦理问题的探究,以及对有效性的明确验证。这些问题的存在有许多原因,其中最重要的一点(为此我们提供了初步解决方案)就是当前缺乏针对ML和AI的最佳实践指南。我们认为从事研究的跨学科团队和应用ML/AI影响健康的项目,将因解决有关透明度、可重复性、伦理和有效性(TREE)的一系列问题而受益。这里提出的20个关键问题为研究团队提供了一个研究设计、实施和报告框架;帮助编辑和同行评审专家评估文献的贡献;让患者、临床医生和政策制定者评估新发现可能会给患者带来的获益。 | Sebastian Vollmer Bilal A Mateen Gergo Bohner Franz J Kirdly Rayid Ghani Pall Jonsson Sarah Cumbers Adrian Jonas Katherine S L McAllister Puja Myles David Granger Mark Birse Richard Branson Karel G M Moons Gary S Collins John P A Chris Holmes Harry Hemingwayp 李峰(译) 徐磊(校) 赵邑(校) | 2020 | 英国医学杂志中文版2020，23，9： | 5 |
| 4 | Allocation of patients with liver cirrhosis and organ failure to intensive care: Systematic review and a proposal for clinical practice显示文摘AIM: To propose an allocation system of patients with liver cirrhosis to intensive care unit(ICU), and developed a decision tool for clinical practice. METHODS: A systematic review of the literature was performed in Pub Med, MEDLINE and EMBASE databases. The search includes studies on hospitalized patients with cirrhosis and organ failure, or acute on chronic liver failure and/or intensive care therapy. RESULTS: The initial search identified 660 potentially relevant articles. Ultimately, five articles were selected; two cohort studies and three reviews were found eligible. The literature on this topic is scarce and no studies specifically address allocation of patients with liver cirrhosis to ICU. Throughout the literature, there is consensus that selection criteria for ICU admission should be developed and validated for this group of patients and multidisciplinary approach is mandatory. Based on current available data we developed an algorithm, to determine if a patient is candidate to intensive care if needed, based on three scoring systems: premorbid Child-Pugh Score, Model of End stage Liver Disease score and the liver specific Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score.CONCLUSION: There are no established systems for allocation of patients with liver cirrhosis to the ICU and no evidence-based recommendations can be made. | Katrine Prier Lindvig Ane Sogaard Teisner Jens Kjeldsen Thomas Strom Palle Toft Valentin Furhmann Aleksander Krag | 2015 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2015，21，29： | 3 |
| 5 | Hepatoprotective activity of Amorphophallus paeoniifolius tubers against paracetamol-induced liver damage in rats显示文摘 | Pramod J Hurkadale Pournima A Shelar Siddhalingesh G Palled Yuvaraj D Mandavkar Ajay S Khedkar | 2012 | Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine2012，，1： | 2 |
| 6 | Studies on the diagnosis of hop stunt viroid in fruit trees: Identification of new hosts and application of a nucleic acid extraction procedure based on non-organic solvents显示文摘 | Nathalie Astruc Jose F. Marcos Guy Macquaire Thierry Candresse Dr. Vicente Pallás | 1996 | European Journal of Plant Pathology1996，，9： | 2 |
| 7 | Response of Friction Damped Braced Frmms 显示文摘 | Pall A S and Marsh C | 1982 | Journal of the Structural Division ASCE1982，108，6： | 1 |
| 8 | A protocol of no sedation for critically ill patients receiving mechanical ventilation : a randomised trial 显示文摘 | Thomas Strom Torben Martinussen Palle Toft | 2010 | The Lancet2010，375，： | 1 |
| 9 | Colon cancer in Iceland—A nationwide comparative study on various pathology parameters with respect to right and left tumor location and patients age显示文摘 | PeturSnaebjornsson LarusJonasson ThorvaldurJonsson Pall HelgiM?ller AsgeirTheodors Jon G.Jonasson | 2010 | Int J Cancer2010，，11： | 1 |
| 10 | Harmonic analysis on tori显示文摘 | Palle E. T. J?rgensen Steen Pedersen | 1987 | Acta Applicandae Mathematicae1987，，1： | 1 |
| 11 | Response of friction damped braced frames显示文摘 | Pall A S March C | 1982 | Journal of the Structural Division ASCE1982，108，6： | 1 |
| 12 | Friction-Damper Used for Seismic Control of New and Existing Buildings in Canada 显示文摘 | Pall A S Pall R | 1993 | ATC 17-1 Seminat on Seismic Isolation Passive Energy Dissipation1993，2，： | 1 |
| 13 | The changing pattern of glomerulonephritis in Singapore over the past two decades显示文摘 | Woo KT Chiang GSC Pall A | 1999 | Clin Nephrol1999，52，2： | 1 |
| 14 | Cadx,diimide-mediated cross-linking of RNA to nylon membranes improves the detection of siRNA, miRNA and piRNA by northern blot 显示文摘 | Pall GS Codony-Servat C Byrne J | 2007 | Nucleic Acids Res2007，35，22： | 1 |
| 15 | Friction joints for seismic control of large panel structures显示文摘 | Pall A S and Marsh C | 1980 | Journal of Prestrssed Concrete Institute1980，25，6： | 1 |
| 16 | Indirect reduction using a simple quadrilateralframe in the application of distal tibial LCP-technical ti ps显示文摘 | Pall ister I Iorwerth A | 2005 | Injury2005，36，9： | 1 |
| 17 | Identification of genetic variants that influence circulating IGF1 levels:a targeted search strategy显示文摘 | Palles C Johnson N Coupland B | | 0，，10： | 1 |
| 18 | The miR -290 -295 cluster pro- motes pluripotency maintenance by regulating cell cycle phase distribu- tion in mouse embryonic stem cells 显示文摘 | Lichner Z Pall E Kerekes A | 2011 | Differentiation2011，81，1： | 1 |
| 19 | Carbodiimide-mediated cross-linking of RNA to nylon membranes improves the detection of siRNA, miRNA and piRNA by Northern blot显示文摘 | Pall G S Codony-Servat C Byrne J | 2007 | Nucleic Acids Res2007，35，8： | 1 |
| 20 | Response of Friction Damped Braced Frames显示文摘 | Marsh C | 1982 | Journal of Structural Division ASCE1982，108，6： | 1 |
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