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| 1 | The role of gut microbiota(commensal bacteria)and the mucosal barrier in the pathogenesis of inflammatory and autoimmune diseases and cancer:contribution of germ-free and gnotobiotic animal models of human diseases显示文摘Metagenomic approaches are currently being used to decipher the genome of the microbiota(microbiome),and,in parallel,functional studies are being performed to analyze the effects of the microbiota on the host.Gnotobiological methods are an indispensable tool for studying the consequences of bacterial colonization.Animals used as models of human diseases can be maintained in sterile conditions(isolators used for germ-free rearing)and specifically colonized with defined microbes(including non-cultivable commensal bacteria).The effects of the germ-free state or the effects of colonization on disease initiation and maintenance can be observed in these models.Using this approach we demonstrated direct involvement of components of the microbiota in chronic intestinal inflammation and development of colonic neoplasia(i.e.,using models of human inflammatory bowel disease and colorectal carcinoma).In contrast,a protective effect of microbiota colonization was demonstrated for the development of autoimmune diabetes in non-obese diabetic(NOD)mice.Interestingly,the development of atherosclerosis in germ-free apolipoprotein E(ApoE)-deficient mice fed by a standard low-cholesterol diet is accelerated compared with conventionally reared animals.Mucosal induction of tolerance to allergen Bet v1 was not influenced by the presence or absence of microbiota.Identification of components of the microbiota and elucidation of the molecular mechanisms of their action in inducing pathological changes or exerting beneficial,disease-protective activities could aid in our ability to influence the composition of the microbiota and to find bacterial strains and components(e.g.,probiotics and prebiotics)whose administration may aid in disease prevention and treatment. | Helena Tlaskalova-Hogenova Renata Stepankova Hana Kozakova Tomas Hudcovic Luca Vannucci Ludmila Tuckova Pavel Rossmann TomasHrncır Miloslav Kverka Zuzana Zakostelska Klara Klimesova Jaroslava Pribylova Jirina Bartova Daniel Sanchez Petra Fundova Dana Borovska Dagmar Sru˚tkova Zdenek Zıdek Martin Schwarzer Pavel Drastich David P Funda | 2011 | Cellular & Molecular Immunology2011，8，2： | 47 |
| 2 | Preventive effect of a pectic polysaccharide of the common cranberry Vaccinium oxycoccos L. on acetic acid-induced colitis in mice显示文摘AIM: To study isolation and chemical characterization of pectin derived from the common cranberry Vaccinium oxycoccos L. (oxycoccusan OP) and the testing of its preventive effect on experimental colitis.METHODS: Mice were administrated orally with OP two days prior to a rectal injection of 5% acetic acid and examined for colonic damage 24 h later. Colonic inflammation was characterized by macroscopical injury and enhanced levels of myeloperoxidase activity measured spectrophotometrically with o-phenylene diamine as the substrate. The mucus contents of the colon were determined by the Alcian blue dye binding method. Vascular permeability was estimated using 4% Evans blue passage after i.p. injection of 0.05 mol/L acetic acid. RESULTS: In the mice treated with OP, colonic macroscopic scores (1.1 ± 0.4 vs 2.7, P < 0.01) and the total square area of damage (10 ± 2 vs 21 ± 7, P < 0.01) were significantly reduced when compared with the vehicle-treated colitis group. OP was shown to decrease the tissue myeloperoxidase activity in colons (42 ± 11 vs 112 ± 40, P < 0.01) and enhance the amount of mucus of colitis mice (0.9 ± 0.1 vs 0.4 ± 0.1, P < 0.01). The level of colonic malondialdehyde was noted to decrease in OP-pretreated mice (3.6 ± 0.7 vs 5.1 ± 0.8, P < 0.01). OP was found to decrease the inflammatory status of mice as was determined by reduction of vascular permeability (161 ± 34 vs 241 ± 21, P < 0.01). Adhesionof peritoneal neutrophils and macrophages was also shown to decrease after administration of OP (141 ± 50 vs 235 ± 37, P < 0.05).CONCLUSION: Thus, a preventive effect of pectin from the common cranberry, namely oxycoccusan OP, on acetic acid-induced colitis in mice was detected. A reduction of neutrophil infiltration and antioxidant action may be implicated in the protective effect of oxycoccusan. | Sergey V Popov Pavel A Markov Ida R Nikitina Sergey Petrishev Vasily Smirnov Yury S Ovodov | 2006 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2006，12，41： | 9 |
| 3 | Intra-abdominal drainage following pancreatic resection:A systematic review显示文摘AIM: To study all the aspects of drain management in pancreatic surgery.METHODS: We conducted a systematic review according to the PRISMA guidelines. We searched the Cochrane Central Registry of Controlled Trials,EMBASE,Web of Science,and Pub Med(MEDLINE) for relevant articles on drain management in pancreatic surgery. The reference lists of relevant studies were screened to retrieve any further studies. We included all articles that reported clinical studies on human subjects with elective pancreatic resection and that compared various strategies of intra-abdominal drain management,such as drain vs no drain,selective drain use,early vs late drain extraction,and the use of different types of drains. RESULTS: A total of 19 studies concerned with drain management in pancreatic surgery involving 4194 patients were selected for this systematic review. We included studies analyzing the outcomes of pancreatic resection with and without intra-abdominal drains,studies comparing early vs late drain removal and studies analyzing different types of drains. The majority of the studies reporting equal or superior results for pancreatic resection without drains were retrospective and observational with significant selection bias. One recent randomized trial reported higher postoperative morbidity and mortality with routine omission of intraabdominal drains. With respect to the timing of drain removal,all of the included studies reported superior results with early drain removal. Regarding the varioustypes of drains,there is insufficient evidence to determine which type of drain is more suitable following pancreatic resection. CONCLUSION: The prophylactic use of drains remains controversial. When drains are used,early removal is recommended. Further trials comparing types of drains are ongoing. | Filip Cecka Martin Lovecek Bohumil Jon Pavel Skalicky Zdeněk Subrt Cestmír Neoral Alexander Ferko | 2015 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2015，21，40： | 2 |
| 4 | Surgical stress and cytoskeletal changes in lens epithelial cells following manual and femtosecond laser-assisted capsulotomy显示文摘AIM:To study the effect of mechanical stress on the cytoskeleton in lens epithelial cells following conventional phacoemulsification surgery(CPS)and femtosecond laserassisted cataract surgery(FLACS).METHODS:The cytoskeleton of the epithelial cells of the anterior lens capsules(ALC)removed by CPS and FLACS was examined by immunohistochemistry.Expression of the intermediate filament,glial fibrillary acidic protein(GFAP),and glutamine synthetase(GS)immunoreactivity were detected.In order to map the actin network of cells,fluorescently labeled phalloidin was used.The samples were examined using confocal laser scanning microscopy.RESULTS:GFAP expression was visible in a larger number of the epithelial cells after CPS compared to FLACS.In CPS sample’s epithelial cells,GFAP immunoreactivity indicated robust morphological change.Regarding the actin filaments,the presence of tubular elements connecting epithelial cells,regular actin pattern and marked cortical network after CPS were found.Following FLACS,the actin cytoskeleton of the epithelial cells remained densely structured,and the tubular elements were undetectable,however,the above-mentioned regular actin pattern and the marked cortical network were visible.CONCLUSION:The conventional removal of the ALC induces more robust changes of the cytoskeleton of the lens epithelial cells. | ANDrea Krisztina Sükosd Krisztina Szabadfi Edina Szabó-Meleg Beáta Gáspár Pavel Stodulka Gyorgy SétálóJr Róbert Gábriel Miklós Nyitrai Zsolt Biró Hajnalka Abrahám | 2020 | International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition)2020，13，6： | 2 |
| 5 | Reverse micellar synthesis of a nanoparticle/polymer composite 显示文摘 | Pavel F M Mackay R A | 2000 | Langmuir2000，16，23： | 1 |
| 6 | Expression of class III β-tubulin in normal and neoplastic human tissues显示文摘 | E. Dráberová Zdenek Lukás Dagmar Ivanyi Vladimír Viklicky Pavel Dráber | 1998 | Histochemistry and Cell Biology1998，，3： | 1 |
| 7 | Presynaptic CLC-3 deter-mines quantal size of inhibitory transmission in the hippocampus显示文摘 | Vladimir R Ludmila D Pavel S | 2011 | Nat Neurosci2011，4，： | 1 |
| 8 | Rare-earth elements modified hydrotalcites and corresponding mesoporous mixed oxides as basic solid catalysts 显示文摘 | Birjega R Pavel O D Costentin G | 2005 | Applied Catalysis A : General2005，288，： | 1 |
| 9 | Mitochondrial DNA sequence heteroplasmy in the Grand Duke of Russia Georgij Romanov establishes the authenticity of the remains of Tsar Nicholas II显示文摘 | Pavel L I Mark J W Rhonda K R | 1996 | Nat Genet1996，12，： | 1 |
| 10 | Heavy Precipitation and High Streamflow in the Contiguous United S taates: Trends i n the Twentieth Century 显示文摘 | GROISMAN PAVEL YA KNIGHT RICHARD W KARL THOMAS R | 2001 | Bulleti n of the American Meteorological Soeiety2001，82，2： | 1 |
| 11 | Hydrotalcite like compounds with low Mo-loading active catalysts for selective oxidation of cyclohexene with hydrogen peroxide显示文摘 | ZAVOIANU R BIRJEGA R PAVEL D | 2005 | Applied CatalysisA:2005，28，6： | 1 |
| 12 | Chemically Patterned Microspheres for Controlled Nanoparticle Assembly in the Construction of SERS Hot Spots 显示文摘 | BRAUN G PAVEL I MORRILL A R et at | 2007 | J Am Chem Soc2007，129，： | 1 |
| 13 | Molecular genetic alterations of FH1T and p53 genes in benign and malignant thyroid gland lesions 显示文摘 | PAVELIC K DEDIVITIS R A K APITANOVIC S | 2006 | Mulat Res2006，599，： | 1 |
| 14 | High efficiency entrapment of superoxide dismutase into mucoadhesive chitosan-coated liposomes显示文摘 | Galovic Rengel R Barisic K Pavelic Z | 2002 | Eur J Pharm Sci2002，15，： | 1 |
| 15 | Reverse micellar synthesis of a nanoparticle/polymer composite 显示文摘 | Pavel F M Mackay R A | 2000 | Langmuir2000，16，23： | 1 |
| 16 | A review of trace element concentrations in edible mushrooms显示文摘 | Pavel Kala? Lubom??r Svoboda | 2000 | Food Chemistry2000，，3： | 1 |
| 17 | Replicalion of a terrain sia bility mapping using an artificial neural network显示文摘 | Pavel M Fannin R J Nelson J D | 2008 | Geomor phology2008，97，34： | 1 |
| 18 | Glycosides of benzodioxole-indole alkaloids from Narcissus having axial chirality 显示文摘 | Tomas R Pavel R Karel S | 2010 | Phytochemistry2010，71，2： | 1 |
| 19 | High efficiency entrapment of superoxide dismutase into mucoadhesive chitosan-coated liposomes 显示文摘 | Galovic Rengel R Barisic K Pavelic Z | 2002 | Eur J Pharm Sci2002，15，5： | 1 |
| 20 | The relation between relaxed enthalpy and volume during physical aging of amorphous polymers and selenium显示文摘 | PETR S PAVEL R RODNEY W | 2006 | European Polymer Jounal2006，42，10： | 1 |
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