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| 1 | Renin angiotensin system in liver diseases: Friend or foe?显示文摘In the last three decades,the understanding of the renin angiotensin system(RAS)has been changed by the discoveries of functional local systems,novel biologically active peptides,additional specific receptors,alternative pathways of angiotensin(Ang)?Ⅱ?generation,and new roles for enzymes and precursor components other than those in Ang?Ⅱ?synthesis.In this regard,the discovery that Ang-(1-7)opposes the pressor,proliferative,pro-fibrotic,and pro-inflammatory effects mediated by Ang?Ⅱ?has contributed to the realization that the RAS is composed of two axes.The first axis consists of the angiotensin-converting enzyme(ACE),with Ang?Ⅱ?as the end product,and the angiotensin type 1(AT1)receptor as the main effector mediating the biological actions of Ang?Ⅱ.The second axis results from ACE2-mediated hydrolysis of Ang?Ⅱ,leading to the production of Ang-(1-7),with the Mas receptor as the main effector conveying the vasodilatory,antiproliferative,anti-fibrotic,and anti-inflammatory effects of Ang-(1-7).Experimental and clinical studies have shown that both axes of the RAS may take part in the pathogenesis of liver diseases.In this manuscript,we summarize the current evidence regarding the role of RAS in hepatic cirrhosis and its complications,including hemodynamic changes and hepatorenal syndrome.The therapeutic potential of the modulation of RAS molecules in liver diseases is also discussed. | Ana Cristina Simoes e Silva Aline S Miranda Natália P Rocha Antonio L Teixeira | 2017 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2017，23，19： | 12 |
| 2 | Diagnosis and management of chronic exertional compartment syndrome ( CECS ) in the United Kingdom 显示文摘 | Victoria T Nicola M Nat P | 2006 | Clin J Sport Med2006，16，： | 1 |
| 3 | The Market Structure-Performance Relationship in the International Insurance Sector显示文摘 | Nat P Yu-Luen Ma | | 0，，04： | 1 |
| 4 | Quantitative analysis of the elastic fibres in the human temporomandibular articular disc and its attachments显示文摘 | Clément C Bravetti P Plénat F | 2006 | Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg2006，35，12： | 1 |
| 5 | Normal growth and muscle dysfunction in X-linked hypophosphatemic rickets associated with a novel mutation in the PHEX gene显示文摘 | Makras P Hamdy NAT Kant SG | 2008 | J Clin Endocrinol Metab2008，93，4： | 1 |
| 6 | Legal Systems, InstitutionalEnvironment, and Food Safety 显示文摘 | Brewstera NAT Goldsmith P D | 2007 | Agricultural Economics2007，36，1： | 1 |
| 7 | Effect of long-term homocysteine reduction with B vitamins on arterial wall inflammation assessed by fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography:A randomised doubleblind,placebo-controlled trial显示文摘 | Kathleen P Nat L John W | | 0，，： | 1 |
| 8 | Improving speaking Fluency System显示文摘 | Nat ion I. S. P | 1989 | 1989，，03： | 1 |
| 9 | Impact of an industrial complex on the ambient air quality:Case study u sing a dispersion model显示文摘 | RAMA KRISH NAT V B P S REDDY M K REDDY R C | | 0，，29： | 1 |
| 10 | Assessment of resting energy expenditure in patients with cirrhosis显示文摘BACKGROUND Malnutrition affects 20%to 50%of patients with cirrhosis.It may be associated with serious complications and has a direct impact on prognosis.Resting energy expenditure(REE)is an important parameter to guide the optimization of therapy and recovery of nutritional status in patients with cirrhosis.However,the REE of patients with cirrhosis is still unclear,casting doubt upon the optimal nutritional management approach.AIM To identify the best method that predicts the REE of cirrhotic patients,using indirect calorimetry(IC)as the gold standard.METHODS An observational study was performed on 90 patients with cirrhosis.REE was assessed by IC,bioelectrical impedance analysis(BIA),and predictive formulas,which were compared using Bland-Altman plots and the Student’s t-test.RESULTS REE values measured by IC(1607.72±257.4 kcal)differed significantly from those determined by all other methods(BIA:1790.48±352.1 kcal;Harris&Benedict equation:2373.54±254.9 kcal;IOM equation:1648.95±185.6 kcal;Cunningham equation:1764.29±246.2 kcal),except the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations,World Health Organization,and United Nations University(FAO/WHO/UNU)(1616.07±214.6 kcal)and McArdle(1611.30±241.8 kcal)equations.We found no significant association when comparing IC and 24-h dietary recall among different Child-Pugh classes of cirrhosis.CONCLUSION The IOM and FAO/WHO/UNU equations have the best agreement with the CI.These results indicate a possibility of different tools for the clinical practice on cirrhotic patients. | Shaiane Ferreira Cláudio Augusto Marroni Jessica Taina Stein Roberta Rayn Ana Cristhina Henz Natália P Schmidt Randhall B Carteri Sabrina Alves Fernandes | 2022 | World Journal of Hepatology2022，14，4： | 0 |
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