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| 1 | 863 genomes reveal the origin and domestication of chicken显示文摘Despite the substantial role that chickens have played in human societies across the world,both the geographic and temporal origins of their domestication remain controversial.To address this issue,we analyzed 863 genomes from a worldwide sampling of chickens and representatives of all four species of wild jungle fowl and each of the five subspecies of red jungle fowl(RJF).Our study suggests that domestic chickens were initially derived from the RJF subspecies Gallus gallus spadiceus whose present-day distribution is predominantly in southwestern China,northern Thailand and Myanmar.Following their domestication,chickens were translocated across Southeast and South Asia where they interbred locally with both RJF subspecies and other jungle fowl species.In addition,our results show that the White Leghorn chicken breed possesses a mosaic of divergent ancestries inherited from other subspecies of RJF.Despite the strong episodic gene flow from geographically divergent lineages of jungle fowls,our analyses show that domestic chickens undergo genetic adaptations that underlie their unique behavioral,morphological and reproductive traits.Our study provides novel insights into the evolutionary history of domestic chickens and a valuable resource to facilitate ongoing genetic and functional investigations of the world's most numerous domestic animal. | Ming-Shan Wang Mukesh Thakur Min-Sheng Peng Yu Jiang Laurent Alain Francois Frantz Ming Li Jin-Jin Zhang Sheng Wang Joris Peters Newton Otieno Otecko Chatmongkon Suwannapoom Xing Guo Zhu-Qing Zheng Ali Esmailizadeh Nalini Yasoda Hirimuthugoda Hidayat Ashari Sri Suladari Moch Syamsul Arifin Zein Szilvia Kusza Saeed Sohrabi Hamed Kharrati-Koopaee Quan-Kuan Shen Lin Zeng Min-Min Yang Ya-Jiang Wu Xing-Yan Yang Xue-Mei Lu Xin-Zheng Jia Qing-Hua Nie Susan Joy Lamont Emiliano Lasagna Simone Ceccobelli Humpita Gamaralalage Thilini Nisanka Gunwardana Thilina Madusanka Senasige Shao-Hong Feng Jing-Fang Si Hao Zhang Jie-Qiong Jin Ming-Li Li Yan-Hu Liu Hong-Man Chen Cheng Ma Shan-Shan Dai Abul Kashem Fazlul Haque Bhuiyan Muhammad Sajjad Khan Gamamada Liyanage Lalanie Pradeepa Silva Thi-Thuy Le Okeyo Ally Mwai Mohamed Nawaz Mohamed Ibrahim Megan Supple Beth Shapiro Olivier Hanotte Guojie Zhang Greger Larson Jian-Lin Han Dong-Dong Wu Ya-Ping Zhang | 2020 | Cell Research2020，30，8： | 7 |
| 2 | Assessing adequacy of emergency provider documentation among interhospital transferred patients with acute aortic dissection显示文摘BACKGROUND: Acute aortic dissection(AoD) is a hypertensive emergency often requiring the transfer of patients to higher care hospitals; thus, clinical care documentation and compliance with the Emergency Medical Treatment and Active Labor Act(EMTALA) is crucial. The study assessed emergency providers(EP) documentation of clinical care and EMTALA compliance among interhospital transferred AoD patients.METHODS: This retrospective study examined adult patients transferred directly from a referring emergency department(ED) to a quaternary academic center between January 1, 2011 and September 30, 2015. The primary outcome was the percentage of records with adequate documentation of clinical care(ADoCC). The secondary outcome was the percentage of records with adequate documentation of EMTALA compliance(ADoEMTALA). RESULTS: There were 563 electronically identified patients with 287 included in the final analysis. One hundred and five(36.6%) patients had ADoCC while 166(57.8%) patients had ADoEMTALA. Patients with inadequate documentation of EMTALA(IDoEMTALA) were associated with a higher likelihood of not meeting the American Heart Association(AHA) ED Departure SBP guideline(OR 1.8, 95% CI 1.03–3.2, P=0.04). Male gender, handwritten type of documentation, and transport by air were associated with an increased risk of inadequate documentation of clinical care(IDoCC), while receiving continuous infusion was associated with higher risk of IDoEMTALA.CONCLUSION: Documentation of clinical care and EMTALA compliance by Emergency Providers is poor. Inadequate EMTALA documentation was associated with a higher likelihood of patients not meeting the AHA ED Departure SBP guideline. Therefore, Emergency Providers should thoroughly document clinical care and EMTALA compliance among this critically ill group before transfer. | Mark Rose Carina Newton Benchaa Boualam Nancy Bogne Adam Ketchum Umang Shah Jordan Mitchell Safura Tanveer Tucker Lurie Walesia Robinson Rebecca Duncan Stephen Thom Quincy Khoi Tran | 2019 | World Journal of Emergency Medicine2019，10，2： | 5 |
| 3 | 酶法水解牦牛皮蛋白制备抗氧化肽工艺的优化显示文摘以牦牛皮为原料,用碱性蛋白酶水解牦牛皮蛋白制备抗氧化肽。以水解度和牦牛皮蛋白水解物对DPPH自由基清除率的IC50值为评价指标,在单因素实验的基础上,结合响应面(Box-Behnken)试验设计筛选出牦牛皮抗氧化肽的最佳制备工艺。结果表明,最佳制备工艺为:水解温度51℃,酶用量10890 U/g,水解时间10.6 h,pH8.5,底物浓度5%,此时水解度为41.39%±0.69%,牦牛皮抗氧化肽清除DPPH·、ABTS+·、·OH的IC_(50)值分别为2.884、2.110、2.523 mg/mL。综上,该制备工艺下的牦牛皮抗氧化肽对自由基有良好的清除能力,且有较强的还原能力,说明牦牛皮抗氧化肽有望作为天然抗氧化剂得到开发利用。 | 李露 张普香 韩朋岑 李金容 叶潇莹 蔡韬敏 Isaac Newton ODEI ASARE 龙晓燕 | 2021 | 食品工业科技2021，42，24： | 5 |
| 4 | Hypoxia potentially promotes Tibetan longevity显示文摘 | Yan Li Ming-Shan Wang Newton O Otecko Wen Wang Peng Shi Dong-Dong Wu Ya-Ping Zhang | 2017 | Cell Research2017，27，2： | 4 |
| 5 | Box-Behnken优化超声微波协同萃取柠条花多酚提取工艺及体外抗氧化能力研究显示文摘为探究超声微波协同萃取柠条花多酚的影响因素,在单因素试验结果的基础上,采用Box-Behnken设计优化和预测柠条花多酚超声微波协同萃取工艺;同时,对柠条花多酚抗氧化活性进行分析。结果表明,超声微波协同萃取柠条花多酚的最佳工艺条件:乙醇浓度为35%,液料比为31 mL︰g,提取时间为22 min,微波功率为417 W。在此萃取条件下,柠条花多酚的平均得率为4.89%。柠条花多酚清除DPPH、羟基自由基和超氧阴离子自由基活性显著,当柠条花多酚浓度为0.1 mg/mL时,DPPH和超氧阴离子自由基清除率分别为95.1%和94.8%;柠条花多酚浓度为0.2 mg/mL时,羟自由基清除率为94.0%;纯化柠条花多酚清除DPPH,超氧阴离子自由基和羟自由基的IC 50值分别为0.0052 mg/mL,0.0133 mg/mL和0.0209 mg/mL。 | 龙晓燕 雷炜 张普香 袁婕 孙湘沛 张艳珍 王菲 Isaac Newton Odei Asare | 2020 | 西部林业科学2020，49，5： | 4 |
| 6 | Effectiveness of royal jelly supplementation in glycemic regulation:A systematic review显示文摘BACKGROUND Royal jelly(RJ)has been observed to have therapeutic properties in diabetic individuals,including the reduction of high blood sugar.This systematic review synthesized existing evidence to investigate the effectiveness of RJ supplementation in managing measures of blood glucose.AIM To determine the effectiveness of RJ supplementation on glycemic responses in healthy and non-insulin dependent diabetic adults,as well as animal models of diabetes.METHODS This was a systematic review employing the PRISMA strategy.Peer-reviewed,published articles were extracted from several databases using key words related to target population,intervention and outcome and hand-selected for inclusion.Included articles proceeded to data extraction phase,where information on target parameters and effectiveness of treatment was summarized.Following this,the risk of bias for each included study was evaluated.Then,the long-term and immediate effectiveness of RJ supplementation in glycemic control were assessed using the Grading of Recommendations,Assessment,Development and Evaluations(GRADE)tool,which rates the quality of evidence.RESULTS Of 168 articles extracted from database searching,eighteen were included for analysis in this systematic review.Across the studies,studied populations,intervention styles and outcome measures were largely heterogeneous.Despite this,the results in studies indicate a general trend of positive effect of RJ in glycemic regulation in vitro and in vivo.Additionally,some dose-dependent glycemic effects were observed,along with some large effect sizes.The risk of bias for human and animal studies is generally low-unclear risk,although lack of blinding is a serious concern in both categories.Overall,as per the GRADE tool,the quality of evidence is low,and very low for long-term and immediate effectiveness of RJ,respectively.A major limitation affecting evidence quality is the heterogeneity among included studies.Fasting blood glucose and glucose clearance appear to be most affected by RJ supplementation.CONCLUSION Quality of evidence suggesting that RJ is an effective modulator of glycemic regulation is low for long-term effects of RJ,and very low for immediate effects. | Kamel Omer Maxwell J Gelkopf Genevieve Newton | 2019 | World Journal of Diabetes2019，10，2： | 3 |
| 7 | Isolation of cyanobacteria from the aquatic fern, Azolla显示文摘 | J. W. Newton A. I. Herman | 1979 | Archives of Microbiology1979，，2： | 3 |
| 8 | Forty four probands with an additional “marker” chromosome显示文摘 | K. E. Buckton G. Spowart M. S. Newton H. J. Evans | 1985 | Human Genetics1985，，4： | 3 |
| 9 | Tourism destination competitiveness: a quantitative approach显示文摘 | Michael J. Enright James Newton | 2004 | Tourism Management2004，，6： | 3 |
| 10 | Worsening renal function in heart failure: The need for a consensus definition显示文摘 | Noella J. Sheerin Phillip J. Newton Peter S. Macdonald Dominic Y.C. Leung David Sibbritt Stephen Timothy Spicer Kay Johnson Henry Krum Patricia M. Davidson | 2014 | International Journal of Cardiology2014，，： | 2 |
| 11 | 慢性病患者的自我管理显示文摘随着全球预期寿命的增长,环境风险的增多,如吸烟、不健康的饮食、缺乏体格锻炼以及空气污染等,慢性病呈现出流行态势。在美国,大约12000万人有1种或2种慢性病,占用了70%~80%的卫生保健费用;25%享受医疗保险的人有4种或更多的慢性病,占用了美国医疗保险费用的2/3。大多数慢性病患者,如高血压、糖尿病、高血脂、慢性心力衰竭、哮喘和抑郁症等,未得到充分的治疗。 | MARY THOESEN COLEMAN, M.D., PH.D. KAREN S. NEWTON, M.P.H. 周泓旭(译) | 2008 | 中国实用乡村医生杂志2008，15，7： | 2 |
| 12 | Developing c-MET pathway inhibitors for cancer therapy: progress and challenges显示文摘 | Xiangdong Liu Robert C. Newton Peggy A. Scherle | 2009 | Trends in Molecular Medicine2009，，1： | 2 |
| 13 | 中低收入国家癫痫过早死亡:国际抗癫痫联盟死亡率专业组系统评价显示文摘为了确定中低收入国家(Low-and middle-income countries,LMICs)癫痫相关的危险因素大小与过早死亡原因,专业组对来自LMICs(世界银行定义)的死亡率及癫痫相关文献报道进行系统检索,根据代表性,病例、诊断和死亡率的确证度对研究进行评估,并提取癫痫患者中的标准化死亡比(Standardized mortality ratios,SMR)和死亡率数据。研究调查了死亡的危险因素和原因。据估计,在高质量的群体研究中,癫痫患者年死亡率为19.8/1 000(9.7/1 000~45.1/1 000),加权中位SMR为2.6(1.3~7.2)。而临床队列研究显示的死亡率为7.1/1 000(1.6/1 000~25.1/1 000),加权中位SMR在男性中为5.0,女性中为4.5。在儿童和青少年、症状性癫痫或治疗依从性低的患者中发现了相对较高的SMR。群体研究显示,LMICs癫痫患者死亡的主要原因中直接归因于癫痫的平均比例死亡比(Proportional mortality ratio,PMR)为27.3%(5.0%~73.5%)。这些直接原因包括癫痫持续状态(报道的PMR为5.0%~56.5%)和癫痫猝死(Sudden unexpected death in epilepsy,SUDEP)(报道的PMR为1.0%~18.9%),与癫痫相关的间接死亡原因包括溺水、头部创伤和烧伤。LMICs癫痫患者的早亡率明显高于高收入国家。在LMICs,死亡率过高可能与患者难以获得医疗资源有关,例如发生癫痫持续状态时,以及包括溺水、头外伤和烧伤在内的可预防死因。这类过高的早亡率可以通过进行关于死亡风险的教育,提高治疗,包括抗癫痫药物治疗的可得性而大大降低。 | Levira F Thurman DJ Sander JW Hauser WA Hesdorffer DC Masanja H OdermattP Logroscino G Newton CR 陆璐 童馨 慕洁 | 2019 | 癫痫杂志2019，5，1： | 2 |
| 14 | Evidence and Recommendations for Imaging Liver Fat in Children, Based on Systematic Review显示文摘 | Hannah I. Awai Kimberly P. Newton Claude B. Sirlin Cynthia Behling Jeffrey B. Schwimmer | 2014 | Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology2014，，： | 2 |
| 15 | 金龟子绿僵菌分生孢子暴露在B段紫外光下毒力的降低显示文摘The UV-A and UV-B wavelengths of solar radiation may seriously reduce viability of Metarhizium anisopliae conidia,a fungus used extensively in Brazil for insect pest control.The conidial tolerances to UV-A and UV-B radiation were studied for one isolate(IBCB 425) commercially available product produced on rice grains.Aqueous or oil emulsion conidial suspensions were irradiated for 0(control),2,or 3 h using the solar simulator filtered with diacetate filter to remove UV-C radiation which afforded 652 mW·m-2 in the spectral range of 280~370 nm.The UV tolerance was based on conidial germination(viability) and virulence to Diatraea saccharalis larvae.Conidia formulated with oil emulsion had higher survival after 3 h of UV exposure,but the virulence of the conidia previously exposed to 2 h of UV radiation were similar when oil formulated or not.The mortality of D.saccharalis caterpillars exposed to non-UV-irradiated conidia was greater than that of larvae exposed to irradiated conidia,and the LT50 values were lower for the non-irradiated suspensions than for those irradiated.This apparent reduction in virulence was directly related reduction in viability or delay of germination of UV-irradiated conidia. | Edimara A Francisco Drauzio E N Rangel Newton La Scala Jr José C Barbosa Antnia do C B Correia | 2008 | 安徽农业大学学报2008，35，2： | 2 |
| 16 | Sepsis, SIRS and CARS显示文摘 | Bone R C Sir Isaac Newton | 1996 | Crit Care Med1996，24，7： | 2 |
| 17 | 词汇学习与口语训练显示文摘由于口语活动本身具有的创造性和随意性,使得难以把词汇的学习有效地安排在口语训练中。所以口语活动如小型讲座、信息(?)、角色扮演及寻找问题答案等一般都不带有词汇学习之目的。但最近研究表明:通过口语活动中使用的文字材料可以把词汇的学习有效地安排于口语之中。由于材料的内容直接影响到口语活动的形式与内容,若材料中含有对活动十分重要的词汇,那样词汇的学习便也成了口语训练的重要内容。 | Angela Joe Paul Nation Jonathan Newton 柳士强 | 1997 | 外语教学理论与实践1997，，2： | 2 |
| 18 | NON-DESTRUCTIVE ANALYSIS OF THE NUCLEI OF TRANSGENIC LIVING CELLS USING LASER TWEEZERS AND NEAR-INFRARED RAMAN SPECTROSCOPIC TECHNIQUE显示文摘Transgenic cell lines of loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) were analyzed by a compact laser-tweezers-Raman-spectroscopy (LTRS) system in this investigation. A low power diode laser at 785 nm was used for both laser optical trapping of single transgenic cells and excitation for near-infrared Raman spectroscopy of the nuclei of synchronized cells, which were treated as single organic particles, at the S-phase of the cell cycle. Transgenic living cells with gfp and uidA genes were used as biological samples to test this LTRS technique. As expected, di?erent Raman spectra were observed from the tested biological samples. This technique provides a high sensitivity and enables real-time spectroscopic measurements of transgenic cell lines. It could be a valuable tool for the study of the fundamental cell and molecular biological process by trapping single nucleus and by providing a wealth of molecular information about the nuclei of cells. | Wei Tang Ronald J. Newton Chang-An Xie Yong-Qing Li Nicki Whitley | 2005 | Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics2005，3，3： | 2 |
| 19 | Angiosperm mitochondrial genomes and mutations显示文摘 | Tomohiko Kubo Kathleen J. Newton | 2007 | Mitochondrion2007，，1： | 2 |
| 20 | Effective- ness of Grass Strips to Filter Catfish Pond Effluent 显示文摘 | Ghate S R Gary J Burtle George Vellidis G Larry Newton | 1997 | Aquacultural Engineering1997，16，： | 2 |
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