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| 1 | Use of Biochar as an Amendment for Remediation of Heavy Metal-Contaminated Soils:Prospects and Challenges显示文摘Biochar(BC), known as the new black gold, is a stable, novel carbonaceous by-product that is synthesized through pyrolysis of biological materials in the absence of O_2.Recently, an emerging interest in the application of BC as a robust soil amendment has given rise to a broad research area in science and technology.It is considered a promising remediation option for heavy metal(HM)-contaminated soils to reduce HM bioavailability to plants.Remediation efficacy of BC depends on the porosity, composition,pyrolysis temperature, feedstock, and residence time of pyrolysis.This review article aimed to present an overview of BC use in the immobilization of HMs, i.e., Cd, As, Pb, Zn, Ni, Cu, Mn, Cr, and Sb, in contaminated soils.The remaining uncertain factors, including the specific soil HM immobilization mechanisms, long-term beneficial effects, and potential environmental risks associated with BC application are analyzed.Future research must be conducted to ensure that the management of environmental pollution is in accord with ecological sustainability and adaptation of the black gold biotechnology on a commercial basis for immobilization of HMs in contaminated soils. | Altaf Hussain LAHORI GUO Zhanyu ZHANG Zengqiang LI Ronghua Amanullah MAHAR Mukesh Kumar AWASTHI SHEN Feng Tanveer Ali SIAL Farhana KUMBHAR WANG Ping JIANG Shuncheng | 2017 | Pedosphere2017，27，6： | 28 |
| 2 | 碱性固体对污泥的调质堆肥影响及产品对土壤的改良潜力显示文摘为了科学评判不同碱性固体物质对调质污泥高温堆肥的影响及其有机肥对贫瘠土壤的改良潜力,通过用质量分数为10%的秸秆(干)炭、硬木炭、粉煤灰和石灰等碱性固体物质对污泥和锯末混合物料进行了调质,运用好氧堆肥的方式研究了不同碱性固体物质对调质污泥高温堆肥的影响,并用小青菜盆栽试验法探讨了有机肥对贫瘠土壤的改良潜力.结果表明,污泥经外源碱性固体调质后,可以延长高温期的时间,促进堆肥物料的热灭活无害化;秸秆炭和硬木炭调质能显著促进有机质矿化,达21.65%和18.16%;堆肥过程中各处理堆肥pH先降低后升高最终逐渐稳定在6.78~7.33之间,但粉煤灰和石灰调质会使得堆肥初期pH较高;碱性固体调质有利于降低堆肥产品的水溶性盐分含量,至堆肥结束各处理EC均低于3 000μS·cm-1;污泥经过调质后,堆肥的总氮含量逐渐增加,但粉煤灰和石灰调质会导致堆肥初期存在一定的氮素损失,而秸秆炭和硬木炭调质可以减少堆肥初期氮素损失;各调质处理中NH+4-N含量先增加后降低,NO_3^--N均呈现出逐渐增加的趋势,秸秆炭和硬木炭调质可以促进污泥NO_3^--N的转化,而石灰和粉煤灰调质则对NO_3^--N的转化和种子发芽产生一定的抑制作用,但均不会影响堆肥的腐熟;贫瘠土壤经过调质堆肥改良后,土壤有机质和NPK含量显著增加,小青菜生物量增加显著;与未调质堆肥相比,虽然调质后的堆肥对小青菜Cu、Zn的吸收具有一定的抑制作用,但相比于原贫瘠土壤而言,本研究获得的各种堆肥仍能促进小青菜对微量元素Cu、Zn的吸收.研究表明,相比于硬木炭、粉煤灰和石灰等碱性固体物质,秸秆炭更适合于污泥堆肥调质,其堆肥产品具有较好的贫瘠土壤改良潜力. | 蔡函臻 宁西翠 王权 张增强 任秀娜 李荣华 王美净 Mukesh Kumar Awasthi | 2016 | 环境科学2016，37，12： | 12 |
| 3 | 钙基膨润土辅助对堆肥及土壤Cu、Zn形态转化和白菜吸收的影响显示文摘通过好氧堆肥和盆栽试验,探究不同比例(0%、2.5%、5%、7.5%和10%)钙基膨润土(CB)辅助猪粪堆肥过程及盆栽土壤中Cu、Zn形态的变化,并分析CB对白菜生物量及吸收Cu、Zn的影响.结果表明,在所有处理的堆肥过程中,可交换态Cu、Zn的分布比例逐渐下降,而可氧化态和残渣态逐渐升高,与0%CB相比,2.5%~10%CB可使堆肥结束时生物可利用态(可交换态和可还原态)Cu、Zn的分布比例分别降低19.84%~48.90%和4.94%~16.39%,并以10%CB的效果最为显著.进而开展的盆栽试验显示,施用堆肥后,土壤有机质和EC显著升高,而pH有所下降;CB辅助堆肥能够促使土壤EC的降低及pH的升高,稳定土壤有机质.与纯土处理相比,施用堆肥可显著提升白菜的生物量,且10%CB处理中的生物量最大(6.51 g·盆^(-1)±0.34 g·盆^(-1)).施用CB辅助堆肥后,种后土壤中生物可利用态Cu含量增加;但各处理中可交换态Zn含量分别降低38.91%、43.69%、46.02%、45.12%和54.65%.白菜在施用堆肥后Cu、Zn的吸收量显著降低,并且随着CB辅助比例的增加Zn的吸收量随之减少,而Cu的吸收量呈增加趋势.本研究表明,钙基膨润土能够降低堆肥过程中Cu、Zn活性,在堆肥施入土壤后仍对Zn有持续的固定作用,同时CB辅助堆肥可以提高白菜的生物量,减少重金属Zn在白菜中的累积,并以10%CB的效果最为显著. | 赵军超 王权 任秀娜 李荣华 Mukesh Kumar Awasthi Altaf Hussain Lahori 张增强 | 2018 | 环境科学2018，39，4： | 12 |
| 4 | Synergistic effects of biochar/microbial inoculation on the enhancement of pig manure composting显示文摘With the aim to comparatively investigate the effect of the addition of additives such as biochar(BC),microbial inoculation(MI)and biochar/microbial inoculation(BCMI)on composting enhancement,nitrogen conservation,greenhouse gas emissions,the quality improvement of pig manure compost were comparatively investigated in a 42-day aerobic pig manure composting experiment.The results showed that the duration of the thermophilic stage,the degradation of organic matter and the detoxification of the compost were enhanced in the BC,MI and BCMI treatments compared with those in the control(without additive).Moreover,the content of total Kjeldahl nitrogen in the BC,MI and BCMI treatments was increased by 38.1,48.9 and 59.0%,respectively,through the reduction of NH_(3) volatilization and N_(2)O production,which were higher than those of the control(31.8%).A reduction in CH_(4) release during composting was not observed with the MI and BCMI treatments.Following 42 days of composting,the final product of the three treatments exhibited acceptable potential for use as a fertilizer in agriculture;the BCMI treatment showed an especially synergistic effect on pig manure composting enhancement. | Zhineng Tu Xiuna Ren Junchao Zhao Sanjeev Kumar Awasthi Quan Wang Mukesh Kumar Awasthi Zengqiang Zhang Ronghua Li | 2019 | Biochar2019，1，1： | 8 |
| 5 | 添加钙基膨润土对猪粪堆肥中水溶性有机物光谱特征的影响显示文摘为了探究添加钙基膨润土(CB)对猪粪好氧堆肥过程中水溶性有机物(DOC)动态变化的影响,向猪粪和木屑混合物料中添加不同质量比的CB,采用自制的强制通风好氧发酵装置,进行了为期60天的好氧堆肥试验。定期采集堆肥样品并进行冷冻干燥,通过紫外-可见光谱(UV-Vis),傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)和荧光光谱(FS)相结合的方法,对堆肥样品中DOC光谱特征的变化进行研究。结果表明,在堆肥过程中DOC呈降低趋势,且随着CB添加量的增多,DOC的降解率为49.11%~62.92%;堆肥DOC相应的UV-Vis和FS光谱分析显示,类腐殖质的特征峰强度不断升高,而碳水化合物、类蛋白的特征峰强度逐渐降低;且与对照相比,添加钙基膨润土使类腐殖质特征峰的强度增大,峰位置红移。堆肥结束时,相较于对照,添加CB处理的光谱特征参数SUVA_(254),SUVA_(280)和腐殖化系数分别增加了16.51%~47.72%,8.58%~44.02%和23.16%~88.22%,且5%添加比例最佳,这被FTIR解析峰密度进一步证实;相关性分析显示,SUVA_(254)与堆肥腐熟度呈极显著相关,可指示堆肥腐熟度。综上所述,随着堆肥的进行,有机物由非腐殖质向腐殖质转化,DOC的分子质量及芳构化程度逐渐增加,且添加CB对这一过程具有促进作用,并以5%添加比例最佳。 | 任秀娜 王权 赵军超 李荣华 Mukesh Kumar Awasthi 王美净 张增强 | 2018 | 光谱学与光谱分析2018，38，6： | 8 |
| 6 | Evaluation of thermophilic fungal consortium for organic municipal solid waste composting显示文摘 | Mukesh Kumar Awasthi Akhilesh Kumar Pandey Jamaluddin Khan Pushpendra Singh Bundela Jonathan W.C. Wong Ammaiyappan Selvam | 2014 | Bioresource Technology2014，，： | 1 |
| 7 | Kelvin-Helmholtz instability with mass transfer through porous media: Effect of irrotational viscous pressure显示文摘This paper studies the effect of the irrotational viscous pressure on Kelvin-Helmholtz instability of the plane interface of two viscous and incompressible fluids in a fully saturated porous media with mass and heat transfers across the interface.In the earlier work,the instability of the plane interface of two viscous and streaming miscible fluids through porous media was studied by assuming that the motion and the pressure are irrotational and the viscosity enters the normal stress balance.This theory is called the viscous potential flow theory.Here,we use another irrotational theory in which the discontinuities in the irrotational tangential velocity and shear stress are eliminated in the global energy balance by considering viscous contributions of the irrotational pressure.The Darcy-Brinkman model is used in the investigation and the stability criterion is formulated in terms of a critical value of the relative velocity.It is observed that the heat and mass transfer has a destabilizing effect on the stability of the system while the irrotational shearing stresses stabilize the system. | AWASTHI Mukesh Kumar | 2014 | Journal of Hydrodynamics2014，26，4： | 0 |
| 8 | Synthetic biology for sustainable food ingredients production:recent trends显示文摘Problems with food security result from increased population,global warming,and decrease in cultivable land.With the advancements in synthetic biology,microbial synthesis of food is considered to be an efficient alternate approach that could permit quick food biosynthesis in an eco-friendly method.Furthermore,synthetic biology can be assumed to the synthesis of healthy or specially designed food components like proteins,lipids,amino acids and vitamins and widen the consumption of feedstocks,thus offering possible resolutions to high-quality food synthesis.This review describes the impact of synthetic biology for the microbial synthesis of various food ingredients production. | K.B.Arun A.N.Anoopkumar Raveendran Sindhu Parameswaran Binod Embalil Mathachan Aneesh Aravind Madhavan Mukesh Kumar Awasthi | 2023 | Systems Microbiology and Biomanufacturing2023，3，1： | 0 |
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