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| 1 | Environmental risk factors for inflammatory bowel diseases: Evidence based literature review显示文摘AIM: To advances in genetics and immunology have contributed to the current understanding of the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel diseases(IBD). METHODS: The current opinion on the pathogenesis of IBD suggests that genetically susceptible individuals develop intolerance to dysregulated gut microflora(dysbiosis) and chronic inflammation develops as a result of environmental insults. Environmental exposures are innumerable with varying effects during the life course of individuals with IBD. Studying the relationship between environmental factors and IBD may provide the missing link to increasing our understanding of the etiology and increased incidence of IBD in recent years with implications for prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Environmental factors are heterogeneous and genetic predisposition, immune dysregulation, or dysbiosis do not lead to the development of IBD in isolation. RESULTS: Current challenges in the study of environmental factors and IBD are how to effectively translate promising results from experimental studies to humans in order to develop models that incorporate the complex interactions between the environment, genetics, immunology, and gut microbiota, and limited high quality interventional studies assessing the effect of modifying environmental factors on the natural history and patient outcomes in IBD.CONCLUSION: This article critically reviews the current evidence on environmental risk factors for IBD and proposes directions for future research. | Ayokunle T Abegunde Bashir H Muhammad Owais Bhatti Tauseef Ali | 2016 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2016，22，27： | 11 |
| 2 | Update on the applications and limitations of alpha-fetoprotein for hepatocellular carcinoma显示文摘Alpha-fetoprotein(AFP)is an oncofetal glycoprotein that has been used as a tumor marker for hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)in combination with ultrasound and other imaging modalities.Its utility is limited because of both low sensitivity and specificity,and discrepancies among the different methods of measurements.Moreover,its accuracy varies according to patient characteristics and the AFP cut-off values used.Combination of AFP with novel biomarkers such as AFP-L3,Golgi specific membrane protein(GP73)and des-gamma-carboxyprothrombin significantly improved its accuracy in detecting HCC.Increased AFP level could also signify severity of hepatic destruction and subsequent regeneration and is commonly observed in patients with acute and chronic liver conditions and cirrhosis.Hereditary and other non-hepatic disorders can also cause AFP elevation. | Hira Hanif Mukarram Jamat Ali Ammu T Susheela Iman Waheed Khan Maria Alejandra Luna-Cuadros Muzammil Muhammad Khan Daryl Tan-Yeung Lau | 2022 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2022，28，2： | 9 |
| 3 | All-silicon carrier accumulation modulator based on a lateral metal-oxide-semiconductor capacitor显示文摘In silicon photonics, the carrier depletion scheme has been the most commonly used mechanism for demonstrating high-speed electro-optic modulation. However, in terms of phase modulation efficiency, carrieraccumulation-based devices potentially offer almost an order of magnitude improvement over those based on carrier depletion. Previously reported accumulation modulator designs only considered vertical metal-oxidesemiconductor(MOS) capacitors, which imposes serious restrictions on the design flexibility and integratability with other photonic components. In this work, for the first time to our knowledge, we report experimental demonstration of an all-silicon accumulation phase modulator based on a lateral MOS capacitor. Using a Mach–Zehnder interferometer modulator with a 500-μm-long phase shifter, we demonstrate high-speed modulation up to 25 Gbit∕s with a modulation efficiency(V_πL_π) of 1.53 V·cm. | KAPIL DEBNATH DAVID J.THOMSON WEIWEI ZHANG ALI Z.KHOKHAR CALLUM LITTLEJOHNS JAMES BYERS LORENZO MASTRONARDI MUHAMMAD K.HUSAIN KOUTA IBUKURO FREOERIC Y.GARDES GRAHAM T,REED SHINICHI SAITO | 2018 | Photonics Research2018，6，5： | 6 |
| 4 | Preventive health measures in inflammatory bowel disease显示文摘We aim to review the literature and provide guidance on preventive health measures in inflammatory bowel disease(IBD). Structured searches were performed in Pub Med,MEDLINE,EMBASE,Web of Science and Cochrane Library from January 1976 to June 2016 using the following keywords:(inflammatory bowel disease OR Crohn's disease OR ulcerative colitis) AND(health maintenance OR preventive health OR health promotion). Abstracts of the articles selected from each of these multiple searches were reviewed,and those meeting the inclusion criteria(that is,providing data regarding preventive health or health maintenance in IBD patients) were recorded. Reference lists from the selected articles were manually reviewed to identify further relevant studies. Patients with IBD are at increased risk of developing adverse events related to the disease course,therapeutic interventions,or non-adherence to medication. Recent studies have suggested that IBD patients do not receive preventive services with the same thoroughness as patients with other chronic diseases. Preventive health measures can avert morbidity and improve the quality of life of patients with IBD. Gastroenterologists and primary care physicians(PCPs) should have an up to date working knowledge of preventive health measures for IBD patients. A holistic approach and better communication between gastroenterologists and PCPs with explicit clarification of roles will prevent duplication of services and streamline care. | Ayokunle T Abegunde Bashir H Muhammad Tauseef Ali | 2016 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2016，22，34： | 2 |
| 5 | Prevalence of advanced liver fibrosis and steatosis in type-2 diabetics with normal transaminases:A prospective cohort study显示文摘BACKGROUND Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)and type-2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)have an intricate bidirectional relationship.Individuals with T2DM,not only have a higher prevalence of non-alcoholic steatosis,but also carry a higher risk of progression to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis.Experts still differ in their recommendations of screening for NAFLD among patients with T2DM.AIM To study the prevalence of NAFLD and advanced fibrosis among our patient population with T2DM.METHODS During the study period(November 2018 to January 2020),59 adult patients with T2DM and 26 non-diabetic control group individuals were recruited prospectively.Patients with known significant liver disease and alcohol use were excluded.Demographic data and lab parameters were recorded.Liver elastography was performed in all patients.RESULTS In the study group comprised of patients with T2DM and normal alanine aminotransferase levels(mean 17.8±7 U/L),81%had hepatic steatosis as diagnosed by elastography.Advanced hepatic fibrosis(stage F3 or F4)was present in 12%of patients with T2DM as compared to none in the control group.Patients with T2DM also had higher number of individuals with grade 3 steatosis[45.8%vs 11.5%,(P<0.00001)and metabolic syndrome(84.7%vs 11.5%,P<0.00001)].CONCLUSION A significant number of patients with T2DM,despite having normal transaminase levels,have NAFLD,grade 3 steatosis and advanced hepatic fibrosis as measured by liver elastography. | Jasbir Makker Hassan Tariq Kishore Kumar Madhavi Ravi Danial Haris Shaikh Vivien Leung Umar Hayat Muhammad T Hassan Harish Patel Suresh Nayudu Sridhar Chilimuri | 2021 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2021，27，6： | 2 |
| 6 | Percutaneous vertebroplasty in osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures: our initial experience 显示文摘 | Aslam E Muhammad T Sharif S | 2008 | J Pak Med Assoc2008，58，9： | 1 |
| 7 | Synthesis, chemical characterization, DNA binding, antioxidant, antibacterial, and antifungal activities of ferrocence incorporated selenoureas 显示文摘 | RAJA A H AMIN B MUHAMMAD N T | 2014 | J Biochem Mol Toxico12014，28，2： | 1 |
| 8 | Verification of digital RF processors: RF, analog, baseband and software 显示文摘 | MUHAMMAD K MURPHY T STASZEWSKI R B | 2007 | IEEE J Sol Sta Circ2007，42，5： | 1 |
| 9 | Employing spatially constrained ICA and wavelet denoising for auto- matic removal of artifacts from multi-channel EEG data 显示文摘 | Muhammad T A Wataru M Christopher J J | 2012 | Signal Processing2012，92，2： | 1 |
| 10 | Plastic Work Ap-proach for Surface Defect Prediction in the Hot Bar Rolling Pro-cess显示文摘 | Muhammad Awais Lee H W Im Y T | 2008 | Journal of Materials Processing Technology2008，201，13： | 1 |
| 11 | Photocatalytic degradation of aqueous pollutants using silica-modified TiO2显示文摘 | Muhammad S V Keiichi T | 2003 | Water Research2003，37，16： | 1 |
| 12 | Total arch replace- ment using aortic arch branched grafts with the aid of antegrade selec- tive cerebral perfusion显示文摘 | Kazui T Washiyama N Muhammad BA | 2000 | Ann Thorac Surg2000，70，： | 1 |
| 13 | Maternal factors associated with intrauterine growth restriction 显示文摘 | Muhammad T Khattak AA Shafiqur-Rehman | 2010 | J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad2010，22，4： | 1 |
| 14 | Shoot apical development during in vitro embryogenesisl 显示文摘 | Muhammad T Claudio S | 2006 | Canadian Journal of Botany2006，84，11： | 1 |
| 15 | A highly efficient calyx arene based resin for the removal of azo dyes 显示文摘 | Muhammad A K Imam B S Sherazi S T | 2011 | Desalination2011，268，13： | 1 |
| 16 | Percutaneous vertebroplasty in osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures:our initial experiences显示文摘 | ASLAM E MUHAMMAD T SHARIF S | | 0，，09： | 1 |
| 17 | A new variable step size LMS algorithm-based method for improved online secondary path modeling in active noise control systems 显示文摘 | Muhammad T A Masahide A Masayuki K | 2007 | IEEE Transactions on Acoustics Speech and Signal Pocessing2007，14，2： | 1 |
| 18 | Percutaneous vertebroplasty in osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures:our initial experience显示文摘 | Aslam E Muhammad T Sharif S | | 0，，09： | 1 |
| 19 | Emicrowave drying of wastewater sludge: Experimental and modeling study显示文摘 | Lyes Bennamoun Zhenyu Chen Muhammad T Afzal | 2015 | Drying Technol2015，34，2： | 1 |
| 20 | Epidemiological ins and outs of helicobacter pylori: a review 显示文摘 | Muhammad J S Zaidi S F Sugiyama T | 2012 | J Pak Med Assoc2012，62，9： | 1 |
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