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| 1 | Empirical Analysis of Software Success Rate Forecasting During Requirement Engineering Processes显示文摘Forecasting on success or failure of software has become an interesting and,in fact,an essential task in the software development industry.In order to explore the latest data on successes and failures,this research focused on certain questions such as is early phase of the software development life cycle better than later phases in predicting software success and avoiding high rework?What human factors contribute to success or failure of a software?What software practices are used by the industry practitioners to achieve high quality of software in their day-to-day work?In order to conduct this empirical analysis a total of 104 practitioners were recruited to determine how human factors,misinterpretation,and miscommunication of requirements and decision-making processes play their roles in software success forecasting.We discussed a potential relationship between forecasting of software success or failure and the development processes.We noticed that experienced participants had more confidence in their practices and responded to the questionnaire in this empirical study,and they were more likely to rate software success forecasting linking to the development processes.Our analysis also shows that cognitive bias is the central human factor that negatively affects forecasting of software success rate.The results of this empirical study also validated that requirements’misinterpretation and miscommunication were themain causes behind software systems’failure.It has been seen that reliable,relevant,and trustworthy sources of information help in decision-making to predict software systems’success in the software industry.This empirical study highlights a need for other software practitioners to avoid such bias while working on software projects.Future investigation can be performed to identify the other human factors that may impact software systems’success. | Muhammad Hasnain Imran Ghani Seung Ryul Jeong Muhammad Fermi Pasha Sardar Usman Anjum Abbas | 2023 | Computers, Materials & Continua2023，，1： | 1 |
| 2 | Identification of the HAK gene family reveals their critical response to potassium regulation during adventitious root formation in apple rootstock显示文摘Adventitious root formation is a bottleneck during vegetative proliferation.Potassium(K^(+))is an essential macronutrient for plants.K^(+)accumulation from the soil and its distribution to the different plant organs is mediated by K^(+)transporters named K^(+)transporter(KT),K^(+)uptake(KUP),or high-affinity K^(+)(HAK).This study aimed to identify members of the HAK gene family in apples and to characterize the effects of K^(+)supply on adventitious root formation and on the expression of HAK genes and the genes that putatively control auxin transport,signaling,and cell fate during adventitious root formation.In this study,34 HAK genes(MdHAKs)were identified in the apple(Malus×domestica‘Golden Delicious’)genome.A phylogenetic analysis divided MdHAKs into four clusters(Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ,andⅣ),comprising 16,1,4,and 13 genes,respectively.The syntenic relationships revealed that 62.5%of the total MdHAK genes arise from genomic duplication events.Chromosome location,domain structure,motif analysis,and physico-chemical characteristics were subsequently investigated.Furthermore,the application of K^(+)indicated the emergence of adventitious roots at 8 d and produced more adventitious roots at 16 d than the K^(+)-free control(CK)treatment.In addition,various MdHAKs showed root-specific expression in B9 apple rootstock stem cuttings and enhanced expression during the initiation and emergence stages of adventitious root formation in response to K^(+)treatment.Additionally,K^(+)treatment enhanced the expression levels of MdPIN1,MdPIN2,and MdAUX1.Further data indicated that a higher expression of MdWOX11,MdLBD16,and MdLBD29 and of cell cycle-related genes contributed to the auxin-stimulated adventitious root formation in response to K^(+). | Muhammad Mobeen Tahir Lu Tong Lingling Xie Tong Wu Muhammad Imran Ghani Xiaoyun Zhang Shaohuan Li Xiuhua Gao Leeza Tariq Dong Zhang Yun Shao | 2023 | Horticultural Plant Journal2023，9，1： | 1 |
| 3 | Context Based Adoption of Ranking and Indexing Measures for Cricket Team Ranks显示文摘There is an international cricket governing body that ranks the expertise of all the cricket playing nations,known as the International Cricket Council(ICC).The ranking system followed by the ICC relies on the winnings and defeats of the teams.The model used by the ICC to implement rankings is deficient in certain key respects.It ignores key factors like winning margin and strength of the opposition.Various measures of the ranking concept are presented in this research.The proposed methods adopt the concepts of h-Index and PageRank for presenting more comprehensive ranking metrics.The proposed approaches not only rank the teams on their losing/winning stats but also take into consideration the margin of winning and the quality of the opposition.Three cricket team ranking techniques are presented i.e.,(1)Cricket Team-Index(ct-index),(2)Cricket Team Rank(CTR)and(3)Weighted Cricket Team Rank(WCTR).The proposed metrics are validated through the collection of cricket dataset,extracted from Cricinfo,having instances for all the three formats of the game i.e.,T20 International(T20i),One Day International(ODI)and Test matches.The comparative analysis between the proposed and existing techniques,for all the three formats,is presented as well. | Raja Sher Afgun Usmani Syed Muhammad Saqlain Shah Muhammad Sher Ramzan Abdullah Saad A.L-Malaise AL-Ghamdi Anwar Ghani Imran Khan Farrukh Saleem | 2020 | Computers, Materials & Continua2020，，11： | 0 |
| 4 | Variations of soil organic carbon fractions in response to conservative vegetation successions on the Loess Plateau of China显示文摘Land use changes profoundly affect the equilibrium of soil organic carbon(soC)sequestration and greenhouse gas emissions.With the current global climatic changes,it is vital to understand the influence of ecological restoration and conservation management on the dynamics of soC under different land uses,especially in erosion-endangered Loess soils.Therefore,we investigated changes in soc through a suit of labile fractions,namely:light fraction organic C(LFOC),heavy fraction organic C(HFOC),coarse particulate organic C(CPOC),fine particulate organic C(FPOC),and dissolved organic C(DOC),from two forests i.e.,Robinia pseudoacacia(RP)and Platycladus orientalis(PO),with different ages,in comparison with farmland(FL).The SOC and STN contents significantly increased over 42 years in the RP forest where the contents of CPOC and FPOC were significantly higher than in the FL.Moreover,total SOC and its labile fractions,in the studied land use types,significantly correlated with soil CacO3,pH,and STN contents,indicating their key roles in SoC sequestration.The results reported here from different vegetation with different ages provide a better understanding of sOC and STN alterations at different stages of vegetation restoration.Our findings suggest that long-term natural vegetation restoration could be an effective approach for SoC sequestration and soil conservation on the Loess soil. | Muhammad Imran Ghani Jing Wang Peng Li Shamina Imran Pathan Tanveer Ali Sial Rahul Datta Ali Mokhtar Esmat F.Ali Jörg Rinklebe Sabry MShaheen Mengyun Liu Hamada Abdelrahman | 2023 | International Soil and Water Conservation Research2023，11，3： | 0 |
| 5 | Combined measures to control the COVID-19 pandemic in Wuhan, Hubei, China: A narrative review显示文摘Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)is an emerging disease caused by the coronavirus,SARS-CoV-2,which leads to severe respiratory infections in humans.COVID-19 was first reported in December 2019 in Wuhan city,a populated area of the Hubei province in China.As of now,Wuhan and other cities nearby have become safe places for locals.The rapid control of the spread of COVID-19 infection was made possible due to several interventions and measures that were undertaken in Wuhan.This narrative review study was designed to evaluate the emerging literature on the combined measures taken to control the COVID-19 pandemic in Wuhan city.Science Direct,Springer,Web of Science,and the PubMed data repositories were searched for studies published between December 1,2019,and June 07,2020.The referred“preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses”(PRISMA)protocol was used to conduct this narrative review.A total of 330 research studies were found as a result of the initial search based on exclusion and inclusion criteria,and 30 articles were chosen on final evaluation.It was discovered that the combined measures to control the spread of COVID-19 in Wuhan included cordon sanitaire,social distancing,universal symptom surveys,quarantine strategies,and transport restrictions.Based on the recommendations presented in this review study,existing policies with regard to combined measures and public health policies can be enforced by other countries to implement a rapid control procedure to control the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic. | Muhammad Hasnain Muhammad Fermi Pasha Imran Ghani | 2020 | Journal of Biosafety and Biosecurity2020，2，2： | 0 |
| 6 | An Ontology Based Test Case Prioritization Approach in Regression Testing显示文摘Regression testing is a widely studied research area,with the aim of meeting the quality challenges of software systems.To achieve a software system of good quality,we face high consumption of resources during testing.To overcome this challenge,test case prioritization(TCP)as a sub-type of regression testing is continuously investigated to achieve the testing objectives.This study provides an insight into proposing the ontology-based TCP(OTCP)approach,aimed at reducing the consumption of resources for the quality improvement and maintenance of software systems.The proposed approach uses software metrics to examine the behavior of classes of software systems.It uses Binary Logistic Regression(BLR)and AdaBoostM1 classifiers to verify correct predictions of the faulty and non-faulty classes of software systems.Reference ontology is used to match the code metrics and class attributes.We investigated five Java programs for the evaluation of the proposed approach,which was used to achieve code metrics.This study has resulted in an average percentage of fault detected(APFD)value of 94.80%,which is higher when compared to other TCP approaches.In future works,large sized programs in different languages can be used to evaluate the scalability of the proposed OTCP approach. | Muhammad Hasnain Seung Ryul Jeong Muhammad Fermi Pasha Imran Ghani | 2021 | Computers, Materials & Continua2021，，4： | 0 |
| 7 | Foliar spraying of aqueous garlic bulb extract stimulates growth and antioxidant enzyme activity in eggplant(Solanum melongena L.)显示文摘Recently,botanical extracts are gaining popularity as biostimulants in vegetable production.In present study,the effect of aqueous garlic bulb extract(AGE)was studied on the growth and physiology of eggplant grown in plastic tunnel.AGE was foliage sprayed with various frequencies,i.e.,0,S1(once),S2(twice)and S3(three times)at two independent growth stages,pre-and post-transplant.The results showed that the treated plants exhibited stimulatory responses in growth and physiology in accord with the repetition of AGE spray and growth stages of the plants,respectively.A single foliage sprayed pre-transplant resulted in improved growth,i.e.,plant morphology and biomass,and enhanced antioxidants enzymes(superoxide dismutase,SOD;peroxidase,POD),photosynthesis and chlorophyll abundance observed at vegetative,first flowering and fruit setting stages,respectively.However,thrice application inhibited the plant growth and development and resulted in lipid peroxidation,i.e.,increased malondialdehyde(MDA)content.In addition,the post-transplant application also showed growth stimulation and interestingly,an overall positive influence was observed with respect to the AGE application and no significant increase in the MDA content indicated the post-transplant seedlings responded well.Our findings demonstrate that AGE can act as a biostimulant to enhance the eggplant growth in plastic tunnel production. | Muhammad Ali CHENG Zhi-hui Sikandar Hayat Husain Ahmad Muhammad Imran Ghani LIU Tao | 2019 | Journal of Integrative Agriculture2019，18，5： | 0 |
| 8 | Ensemble Learning Models for Classification and Selection of Web Services: A Review显示文摘This paper presents a review of the ensemble learning models proposed for web services classification,selection,and composition.Web service is an evo-lutionary research area,and ensemble learning has become a hot spot to assess web services’earlier mentioned aspects.The proposed research aims to review the state of art approaches performed on the interesting web services area.The literature on the research topic is examined using the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses(PRISMA)as a research method.The study reveals an increasing trend of using ensemble learning in the chosen papers within the last ten years.Naïve Bayes(NB),Support Vector Machine’(SVM),and other classifiers were identified as widely explored in selected studies.Core analysis of web services classification suggests that web services’performance aspects can be investigated in future works.This paper also identified performance measuring metrics,including accuracy,precision,recall,and f-measure,widely used in the literature. | Muhammad Hasnain Imran Ghani Seung Ryul Jeong Aitizaz Ali | 2022 | Computer Systems Science & Engineering2022，40，1： | 0 |
| 9 | Performance Anomaly Detection in Web Services: An RNN-Based Approach Using Dynamic Quality of Service Features显示文摘Performance anomaly detection is the process of identifying occurrences that do not conform to expected behavior or correlate with other incidents or events in time series data.Anomaly detection has been applied to areas such as fraud detection,intrusion detection systems,and network systems.In this paper,we propose an anomaly detection framework that uses dynamic features of quality of service that are collected in a simulated setup.Three variants of recurrent neural networks-SimpleRNN,long short term memory,and gated recurrent unit are evaluated.The results reveal that the proposed method effectively detects anomalies in web services with high accuracy.The performance of the proposed anomaly detection framework is superior to that of existing approaches using maximum accuracy and detection rate metrics. | Muhammad Hasnain Seung Ryul Jeong Muhammad Fermi Pasha Imran Ghani | 2020 | Computers, Materials & Continua2020，，8： | 0 |
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