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| 1 | Type 2 diabetes mellitus:From a metabolic disorder to an inflammatory condition显示文摘Diabetes mellitus is increasing at an alarming rate and has become a global challenge.Insulin resistance intarget tissues and a relative deficiency of insulin secretion from pancreatic β-cells are the major features of type 2 diabetes(T2D).Chronic low-grade inflammation in T2 D has given an impetus to the field of immuno-metabolism linking inflammation to insulin resistance and β-cell dysfunction.Many factors advocate a causal link between metabolic stress and inflammation.Numerous cellular factors trigger inflammatory signalling cascades,and as a result T2 D is at the moment considered an inflammatory disorder triggered by disordered metabolism.Cellular mechanisms like activation of Tolllike receptors,Endoplasmic Reticulum stress,and inflammasome activation are related to the nutrient excess linking pathogenesis and progression of T2 D with inflammation.This paper aims to systematically review the metabolic profile and role of various inflammatory pathways in T2 D by capturing relevant evidence from various sources.The perspectives include suggestions for the development of therapies involving the shift from metabolic stress to homeostasis that would favour insulin sensitivity and survival of pancreatic β-cells in T2 D. | Iqra Hameed Shariq R Masoodi Shahnaz A Mir Mudasar Nabi Khalid Ghazanfar Bashir A Ganai | 2015 | World Journal of Diabetes2015，6，4： | 36 |
| 2 | Prognostic value of increased carbohydrate antigen in patients with heart failure显示文摘AIM:To study the prognostic value of carbohydrateantigen 125(CA125) and whether it adds prognostic information to N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide(NT-proBNP) in stable heart failure(HF) patients.METHODS:The predictive value of CA125 was retrospectively assessed in 156 patients with stable HF remitted to the outpatient HF unit for monitoring from 2009 to 2011.Patients were included in the study if they had a previous documented episode of HF and received HF treatment.CA125 and NT-proBNP concentrations were measured.The independent association between NT-proBNP or CA125 and mortality was assessed with Cox regression analysis,and their combined predictive ability was tested by the integrated discrimination improvement(IDI) index.RESULTS:The mean age of the 156 patients was 72 ± 12 years.During follow-up(17 ± 8 mo),27 patients died,1 received an urgent heart transplantation and 106 required hospitalization for HF.Higher CA125 values were correlated with outcomes:58 ± 85 KU/L if hospitalized vs 34 ± 61 KU/L if not(P < 0.05),and 94 ± 121 KU/L in those who died or needed urgent heart transplantation vs 45 ± 78 KU/L in survivors(P < 0.01).After adjusting for propensity scores,the highest risk was observed when both biomarkers were elevated vs not elevated(HR = 8.95,95%CI:3.11-25.73; P < 0.001) and intermediate when only NT-proBNP was elevated vs not elevated(HR = 4.15,95%CI:1.41-12.24; P < 0.01).Moreover,when CA125 was added to the clinical model with NT-proBNP,a 4%(P < 0.05) improvement in the IDI was found.CONCLUSION:CA125 > 60 KU/L identified patients in stable HF with poor survival.Circulating CA125 level adds prognostic value to NT-proBNP level in predicting HF outcomes. | Ana B Méndez Jordi Ordonez-Llanos Andreu Ferrero Mariana Noguero Teresa Mir Josefina Mora Antoni Bayes-Genis Sònia Mirabet Juan Cinca Eulàlia Roig | 2014 | World Journal of Cardiology2014，6，4： | 13 |
| 3 | Antibacterial efficacy of the seed extracts of Melia azedarach against some hospital isolated human pathogenic bacterial strains显示文摘Objective:To investigate the antibacterial potential of the polar and non-polar extracts of the seeds of Melia azedarach(M.azedarach) L.(Meliaceae) against eighteen hospital isolated human pathogenic bacterial strains.Methods:Petrol,benzene,ethyl acetate,methanol,and aqueous extracts at five different concentrations(1,2,5,10 and 15 mg/mL) were evaluated.Disk diffusion method was followed to evaluate the antibacterial efficacy.Results:All extracts of the seeds demonstrated significant antibacterial activity against tested pathogens.Among all extracts,ethyl acetate extract revealed the highest inhibition comparatively.The present study also favored the traditional uses reported earlier.Conclusions:Results of this study strongly confirm that the seed extracts of M.azedarach could be effective antibiotics,both in controlling gram-positive and gram-negative human pathogenic infections. | Abdul Viqar Khan Qamar Uddin Ahmed M Ramzan Mir Indu Shukla Athar Ali Khan | 2011 | Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine2011，1，6： | 11 |
| 4 | Oxidative coupling of methane in a fixed bed reactor over perovskite catalyst:A simulation study using experimental kinetic model显示文摘在 perovskite 泰坦上的到乙烯的甲烷(OCM ) 的氧化联合在一个固定的床反应堆吃了催化剂试验性地并且数字地被学习。二维的稳定的州的模型说明了分开的精力方程因为煤气、稳固的阶段结合了一个试验性的运动模型。lumped 包含四主要种类 CH 4, O 2, 公司 x ( 公司 2, 公司) ,和 C 2(C 2 H 4 和 C 2 H 6) 也与一个塞子流动反应堆模型一起被使用。从模型的结果同意了试验性的数据。模型被用来分析温度的影响并且在反应堆表演的变换和选择上喂煤气的作文。分析结果显示变换减少,而,由时时增加气体的 C 2 选择增加空间速度(GHSV ) 和甲烷变换也由增加甲烷到氧减少比率。 | Nakisa Yaghobi Mir Hamid Reza Ghoreishy | 2008 | Journal of Natural Gas Chemistry2008，17，1： | 8 |
| 5 | Laboratory scale studies on removal of chromium from industrial wastes显示文摘Chromium being one of the major toxic pollutants is discharged from electroplating and chrome tanning processes and is also found in the effluents of dyes, paint pigments, manufacturing units etc. Chromium exists in aqueous systems in both trivalent (Cr 3+) and hexavalent (Cr 6+) forms. The hexavalent form is carcinogenic and toxic to aquatic life, whereas Cr 3+ is however comparatively less toxic. This study was undertaken to investigate the total chromium removal from industrial effluents by chemical means in order to achieve the Pakistan NEQS level of 1 mg/L by the methods of reduction and precipitation. The study was conducted in four phases. In phase Ⅰ, the optimum pH and cost effective reducing agent among the four popular commercial chemicals was selected. As a result, pH of 2 was found to be most suitable and sodium meta bisulfate was found to be the most cost effective reducing agent respectively. Phase Ⅱ showed that lower dose of sodium meta bisulfate was sufficient to obtain 100 % efficiency in reducing Cr 6+ to Cr 3+, and it was noted that reaction time had no significance in the whole process. A design curve for reduction process was established which can act as a tool for treatment of industrial effluents. Phase Ⅲ studies indicated the best pH was 8.5 for precipitation of Cr 3+ to chromium hydroxide by using lime. An efficiency of 100 % was achievable and a settling time of 30 minutes produced clear effluent. Finally in Phase Ⅳ actual waste samples from chrome tanning and electroplating industries, when precipitated at pH of 12 gave 100 % efficiency at a settling time of 30 minutes and confirmed that chemical means of reduction and precipitation is a feasible and viable solution for treating chromium wastes from industries. | M.A.Baig Mohsin Mir Shazad Murtaza Zafar I. Bhatti | 2003 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2003，15，3： | 6 |
| 6 | Detection and sequencing of plasmid encoded tetracycline resistance determinants(tetA and tetB) from food-borne Bacillus cereus isolates显示文摘Objective:To investigate the detection and sequencing of plasmid encoded tetracycline resistance genes(tet A and tet B) from food-borne and standard strains of Bacillus cereus(B. cereus).Methods:PCR was carried out to detect the tetracycline resistance genes(tet A and tet B) in food-borne B.cereus strains and the amplified products were sequenced.Results:The phenotypic resistance against tetracycline was observed in 39 of the 118 food-borne isolates and two reference strains(MTCC 430 and MTCC 1307) of B.cereus.Among the phenotypically resistant isolates,tet A was detected in 36 food-borne isolates and two reference strains(MTCC 430 and MTCC 1307).whereas,tel B was detected in 12 food-bome isolates and MTCC 1307 strain. Conclusions:A close association was therefore found between phenotypic resistance against tetracycline and presence of tetracycline resistance genes.The tet A and tet B gene fragments were amplified,purified and sequenced.The gene sequences of the isolates studied herein were found similar to tetA and tetB gene sequences of other bacteria available in NCBI.The occurrence of tetA and tetB genes in B.cereus indicate the horizontal transfer of antibiotic resistance determinants from other bacteria into B.cereus.The transfer of these resistant determinants to other potentially pathogenic bacteria may be a matter of great concern. | Mudasir Ali Rather Rabinder Singh Aulakh Jatinder Paul Singh Gill Abdul Qayoom Mir Mir Nadeem Hassan | 2012 | Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine2012，5，9： | 6 |
| 7 | Cadmium nanoclusters in a protein matrix: Synthesis, characterization, and application in targeted drug delivery and cellular imaging显示文摘Biotemplated 金属 nanoclusters 在 biosensing, bioimaging,催化作用,和 nanomedicine 由于他们潜在的应用的宽范围积累了许多注意。这里,我们报导马厩的合成, biocompatible,水溶性、高度荧光灯的牛的浆液白朊模板镉 nanoclusters (Cd 通过一个灵巧的一个壶绿色方法的 NC ) 。我们 covalently 结合了玻尿的酸(哈) 到 Cd 形成的 NC 一 pH 应答,有为 doxorubicin (纪录影片) 的持续版本侧面的 tumortargeting theranostic nanocarrier,模型 anticancer 药。nanocarrier 显示出大约 75.6% 的纪录影片封装效率。纪录影片版本侧面表明 74% 纪录影片在 pH 被释放 5.3,当不到 26% 纪录影片在 pH 被释放时 7.4 在一样的 24-h 时期以内。nanocarrier 有选择地认出了表示 CD44 的 MCF-7 乳癌房间,房间表面受体为哈,而没有如此的识别被观察与哈受体否定的 HEK293 房间。nanocarrier 的 Biocompatibility 与 HEK293 和 MCF-7 房间通过 cytotoxicity 试金被评估。展出的 nanocarrier 对没有 cytotoxicity 很低,而装载纪录影片的 nanocarrier 显示出可观的细胞的举起并且提高了 MCF-7 乳癌杀死房间的能力。我们也证实了使用的可行性高度荧光灯为 MCF-7 和 HeLa 房间的 bioimaging 的 nanoconjugate。优异的指向的药交货功效,细胞的成像能力,和低 cytotoxicity 用有希望的生物医学的应用作为令人激动的新 nanoplatform 放这 nanoconjugate。 | Morteza Sarparast Abolhassan Noori Hoda Ilkhani S. Zahra Bathaie Maher F. EI-Kady Lisa J. Wang Huong Pham Kristofer L. Marsh Richard B. Kaner Mir F. Mousavi | 2016 | Nano Research2016，9，11： | 5 |
| 8 | Changes in the Prevalence of the Most Common Causes of Chronic Liver Diseases in the United States From 1988 to 2008显示文摘 | Zobair M. Younossi Maria Stepanova Mariam Afendy Yun Fang Youssef Younossi Hesham Mir Manirath Srishord | 2011 | Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology2011，，6： | 5 |
| 9 | Transcranial magnetic stimulation in animal models of neurodegeneration显示文摘Brain stimulation techniques offer powerful means of modulating the physiology of specific neural structures. In recent years, non-invasive brain stimulation techniques, such as transcranial magnetic stimulation(TMS) and transcranial direct current stimulation, have emerged as therapeutic tools for neurology and neuroscience. However, the possible repercussions of these techniques remain unclear, and there are few reports on the incisive recovery mechanisms through brain stimulation. Although several studies have recommended the use of non-invasive brain stimulation in clinical neuroscience, with a special emphasis on TMS, the suggested mechanisms of action have not been confirmed directly at the neural level. Insights into the neural mechanisms of non-invasive brain stimulation would unveil the strategies necessary to enhance the safety and efficacy of this progressive approach. Therefore, animal studies investigating the mechanisms of TMSinduced recovery at the neural level are crucial for the elaboration of non-invasive brain stimulation. Translational research done using animal models has several advantages and is able to investigate knowledge gaps by directly targeting neuronal levels. In this review, we have discussed the role of TMS in different animal models, the impact of animal studies on various disease states, and the findings regarding brain function of animal models after TMS in pharmacology research. | Mohammad Uzair Turki Abualait Muhammad Arshad Woo-Kyoung Yoo Ali Mir Reem Fahd Bunyan Shahid Bashir | 2022 | Neural Regeneration Research2022，17，2： | 4 |
| 10 | Modeling the oxidative coupling of methane: Heterogeneous chemistry coupled with 3D flow field simulation显示文摘The oxidative coupling of methane (OCM) over titanate perovskite catalyst has been developed by three-dimensional numerical simulations of flow field coupled with heat transfer as well as heterogeneous kinetic model. The reaction was assumed to take place both in the gas phase and on the catalytic surface. Kinetic rate constants were experimentally obtained using a ten step kinetic model. The simulation results agree quite well with the data of OCM experiments, which were used to investigate the effect of temperature on the selectivity and conversion obtained in the methane oxidative coupling process. The conversion of methane linearly increased with temperature and the selectivity of C2 was practically constant in the temperature range of 973–1073 K. The study shows that CFD tools make it possible to implement the heterogeneous kinetic model even for high exothermic reaction such as OCM. | Yaghobi Nakisa Ghoreishy Mir Hamid Reza | 2009 | Journal of Natural Gas Chemistry2009，18，1： | 4 |
| 11 | 黏土稳定剂在石油行业的应用进展显示文摘在油田开发的过程中时常会遇到黏土矿物的水化膨胀及分散运移,引起储层的堵塞进而损害储层。国内外学者研发了许多的黏土稳定剂来尽量避免这种情况的发生。随着油气资源向深层、高温、裂缝及低渗发展,大多数黏土稳定剂已无法满足复杂地层下的开发的要求。因此,黏土稳定剂也就成为了重要的研究课题。将黏土稳定剂按照应用领域划分为3类:油田勘探用黏土稳定剂、油田开发用黏土稳定剂和油田维护用黏土稳定剂,并综述了各个领域黏土稳定剂的发展现状、进展和发展趋势及相应的评估和建议。 | 宋洪瑞 李东胜 杨双春 蔡家铁 李敏 Khawaja Haris Mir | 2021 | 应用化工2021，50，5： | 4 |
| 12 | Effects of viscous dissipation and slip velocity on two-dimensional and axisymmetric squeezing flow of Cu-water and Cu-kerosene nanofluids显示文摘Squeezing flow of nanofluids has been taken into account under the effects of viscous dissipation and velocity slip.Two types of base fluids are used to study the behavior of Copper nanoparticles between parallel plates.Nonlinear ordinary differential equations governing the flow are obtained by imposing similarity transformations on conservation laws.Resulting equations are solved by using an efficient analytical technique the variation of parameters method(VPM).Influences of nanoparticle concentration and different emerging parameters on flow profiles are presented graphically coupled with comprehensive discussions.A numerical solution is also sought for the sake of comparison.Effect of different parameters on skin friction coefficient and Nusselt number is also discussed. | Umar Khan Naveed Ahmed Mir Asadullah Syed Tauseef Mohyud-din | 2015 | Propulsion and Power Research2015，4，1： | 4 |
| 13 | 碱性介质中多孔纳米结构镍/钯-镍电极上甲醇电氧化反应(英文)显示文摘A nanostructured Ni/Pd-Ni catalyst with high activity for methanol oxidation in alkaline solution was prepared by electrodeposition followed by galvanic replacement, that is, electrodeposition of Ni-Zn on a Ni coating with subsequent replacement of the Zn by Pd at the open circuit potential in a Pd-containing alkaline solution. The surface morphology and composition of the coatings were examined by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The Ni/Pd-Ni coatings were porous and were composed of discrete Pd nanoparticles of about 58 nm. The electrocatalytic activity of the Ni/Pd-Ni electrodes for the oxidation of methanol was examined by cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The onset potentials for methanol oxidation on Ni/Pd-Ni were 0.077 V and 0.884 V, which were lower than those for flat Pd and smooth Ni electrodes, respectively. The anodic peak current densities of these electrodes were 4.33 and 8.34 times higher than those of flat Pd (58.4 mA/cm2 vs 13.47 mA/cm2) and smooth Ni (58.4 mA/cm2 vs 7 mA/cm2). The nanostructured Ni/Pd-Ni electrode is a promising catalyst for methanol oxidation in alkaline media for fuel cell application. | Mir Ghasem Hosseini Mehdi Abdolmaleki Sajjad Ashrafpoor | 2013 | 催化学报2013，34，9： | 4 |
| 14 | Management and outcome of recurrent gallstone ileus:A systematic review显示文摘AIM: To help the surgeon in decision making whentreating a patient with recurrent gallstone ileus(RGSI). METHODS: A systematic review related to RGSI was performed using the databases CINAHL, EMBASE, MEDLINE via Pub Med from May 1912 to April 2015. All languages were included and the grey literature was also searched. The abstracts were explored for relevance to the topic and full texts obtained as appropriate. A manual search was carried out by scrutinising the reference lists of all the full text articles and further articles were identified and obtained. Total of 903 articles were identified, 656 were excluded after abstract review, 247 full text articles were reviewed and 91 articles selected for final analysis. There were 113 cases of RGSI. RESULTS: There were 113 cases of RGSI reported in 91 articles. The majority of the recurrences, 62.6%, occurred within 6 wk of the index event. The male to female ratio was 1:7. The mean age was 69.6 years(SD 11.2) with a range of 38-95 years. The small bowel was the commonest site of impaction(92.2%). Treatment data was available for 104 patients. The two main operations performed were:(1) Enterolithotomy without repair of biliary fistula in 70.1% of all patients with a procedural mortality rate of 16.4%(12/73) and(2) a single stage surgery approach involving enterolithotomy with cholecystectomy and repair of the biliary enteric fistula in 16.3% with a procedural mortality of 11.7%(2/17). A subset analysis over last 25 years showed mortality from eneterolithotomy was 4.8% while single stage mortality was 22.2%. Enterolithotomy alone was the commonest operation performed for RGSI with four patients(5.4%) having a further recurrence of gallstone ileus. CONCLUSION: Enterolithotomy alone or followed by a delayed two-stage treatment approach is the preferred choice offering low mortality and reduced risk of recurrence. | Shovkat Ahmad Mir Zeiad Hussain Christine Ann Davey Glenn Vincent Miller Srinivas Chintapatla | 2015 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery2015，7，8： | 3 |
| 15 | Isolation, serotype diversity and antibiogram of Salmonella enterica isolated from different species of poultry in India显示文摘Objective: To study the occurrence and serotype diversity of Salmonella isolates in different species of poultry(chicken, emu and duck) and determine their resistance pattern against various antibiotics of different classes.Methods: About 507 samples comprising 202 caecal contents and 305 fecal samples from chicken, emu and duck were processed for isolation of Salmonella enterica. Salmonellae were isolated and detected by standard protocol of ISO 6579 Amendment 1: Annex D. Genetic confirmation was also made by using 16 S r RNA genus specific PCR. Serotype specific PCR was also done to detect the most common serovars viz. Salmonella Enteritidis, Salmonella Typhimurium and Salmonella Gallinarum. All obtained isolates were subjected to a set of 25 antibiotics to study their antibiogram by using Baeur-Kirby disk diffusion method.Results: Out of 507 samples processed, 32 isolates of Salmonella enterica(18 from caecal contents and 14 from faecal samples) were obtained, of which 24 belonged to 6 different serovars, 6 were untypeable and 2 were rough strains. Salmonella Enteritidis was the most predominant serotype(9), followed by Salmonella Typhimurium(5), Salmonella Virchow(4), Salmonella Gallinarum(3), Salmonella Reading(2) and Salmonella Altona(1). Antibiotic resistance pattern was maximum(100%) to oxacillin, penicillin and clindamycin, followed by ampicillin(68.75%), tetracycline(65.62%), nalidixic acid(56.25%) and colistin(46.87%). High sensitivity of isolates was recorded for chloramphenicol(96.87%) followed by meropenem(84.37%). Conclusions: Occurrence of high proportion of serovars in our study which can cause serious gastroenteritis in humans is a matter of concern. Salmonella Altona has been detected for the first time in India from poultry. This serotype is known to cause serious outbreaks of gastroenteritis in humans. Multidrug resistant isolates were recovered at high percentage which can be attributed to non-judicious use of antibiotics both in prophylaxis and treatment regimen. This observation draws serious attention as poultry serves as an important source of transmission of these multidrug resistant Salmonella serovars to humans. | Irfan Ahmad Mir Sudhir Kumar Kashyap Sunil Maherchandani | 2015 | Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine2015，5，7： | 3 |
| 16 | Hepatocyte transplantation program:Lessons learned andfuture strategies显示文摘This review aims to share the lessons we learned over time during the setting of the hepatocyte transplantation(HT) program at the Hepatic Cell Therapy Unit at Hospital La Fe in Valencia. New sources of liver tissue for hepatocyte isolation have been explored. The hepatocyte isolation and cryopreservation procedures have been optimized and quality criteria for assessment of functionality of hepatocyte preparations and suitability for HT have been established. The results indicate that:(1) Only highly viable and functional hepatocytes allow to recover those functions lacking in the native liver;(2) Organs with steatosis(≥ 40%) and from elderly donors are declined since low hepatocyte yields, viability and cell survival after cryopreservation, are obtained;(3) Neonatal hepatocytes are cryopreserved without significant loss of viability or function representing high-quality cells to improve human HT;(4) Cryopreservation has the advantage of providing hepatocytes constantly available and of allowing the quality evaluation and suitability for transplantation; and(5) Our results from 5 adults with acute liver failure and 4 from children with inborn metabolic diseases, indicate that HT could be a veryuseful and safe cell therapy, as long as viable and metabolically functional human hepatocytes are used. | Eugenia Pareja Ibars Miriam Cortes Laia Tolosa Maria JoséGómez-Lechón Slivia López JoséVicente Castell JoséMir | 2016 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2016，22，2： | 3 |
| 17 | Is intra-operative cholangiography necessary during laparoscopic cholecystectomy? A multicentre rural experience from a developing world country显示文摘AIM: To evaluate the feasibility and safety of performing laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) in nonteaching rural hospitals of a developing country without intra-operative cholangiography (IOC). To evaluate the possibility of reduction of costs and hospital stay for patients undergoing LC.METHODS: A prospective analysis of patients with symptomatic benign diseases of gall bladder undergoing LC in three non-teaching rural hospitals of Kashmir Valley from Jan 2001 to Jan 2007. The cohort represented a sample of patients requiring LC, aged 13 to 78 (mean 47.2) years. Main outcome parameters included mortality, complications, re-operation, conversion to open procedure without resorting to IOC, reduction in costs borne by the hospital, and the duration of hospital stay.RESULTS: Twelve hundred and sixty-seven patients (976 females/291 males) underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Twenty-three cases were converted to open procedures; 12 patients developed port site infection, nobody died because of the procedure. One patient had common bile duct (CBD) injury, 4 patients had biliary leak, and 4 patients had subcutaneous emphysema. One cholecystohepatic duct was detected and managed intraoperatively, 1 patient had retained CBD stones, while 1 patient had retained cystic duct stones. Incidental gallbladder malignancy was detected in 2 cases. No long-term complications were detected up to now.CONCLUSION: LC can be performed safely even in non-teaching rural hospitals of a developing country provided proper equipment is available and the surgeons and other team members are well trained in the procedure. It is stressed that IOC is not essential to prevent biliary tract injuries and missed CBD stones. The costs to the patient and the hospital can be minimized by using reusable instruments, intracorporeal sutures, and condoms instead of titanium clips and endobags. | Iqbal Saleem Mir Mir Mohsin Omar Kirmani Tafazul Majid Khurshid Wani Mehmood-ul Hassan Javed Naqshbandi Mohammed Maqbool | 2007 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2007，13，33： | 3 |
| 18 | Parenchymal Volume Preservation and Ischemia During Partial Nephrectomy: Functional and Volumetric Analysis显示文摘 | Maria C. Mir Rebecca A. Campbell Nidhi Sharma Erick M. Remer Jianbo Li Sevag Demirjian Jihad Kaouk Steven C. Campbell | 2013 | Urology2013，，： | 3 |
| 19 | Effects of sociodemographic characteristics and patients’health beliefs on tuberculosis treatment adherence in Ethiopia:a structural equation modelling approach显示文摘Background:Patients’beliefs are a major factor affecting tuberculosis(TB)treatment adherence.However,there has been little use of Health Belief Model(HBM)in determining the pathway effect of patients’sociodemographic characteristics and beliefs on TB treatment adherence.Therefore,this study was aimed at determining the effect of sociodemographic characteristics and patients’health beliefs on TB treatment adherence based on the HBM concept in Ethiopia.Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted in Addis Ababa,Ethiopia among TB patients undertaking treatment.Thirty health centres were randomly selected and one hospital was purposely chosen.Six hundred and ninety-eight TB patients who had been on treatment for 1-2 month,were aged 18 years or above,and had the mental capability to provide consent were enrolled consecutively with non-probability sampling technique from the TB registration book until required sample size achieved.Structured questionnaires were used to collect data.Structural equation modelling was employed to assess the pathway relationship between sociodemographic characteristics,patients’beliefs,and treatment adherence.Results:Of the 698 enrolled participants,401(57.4%)were male and 490(70.2%)were aged 35 years and below.The mean age of participants was 32(±11.7)and the age range was 18-90 years.Perceived barrier/benefit was shown to be a significant direct negative effect on TB treatment adherence(ß=−0.124,P=0.032).In addition,cue to action(ß=−0.68,P≤0.001)and psychological distress(ß=0.08,P<0.001)were shown significant indirect effects on TB treatment adherence through perceived barrier/benefit.Conclusions:Interventions intended to decrease perceived barriers and maximize perceived benefits should be implemented to enhance TB treatment adherence.In addition,it is crucial that counselling is incorporated with the regular directly observed therapy program.Motivators(cue to actions)such as friends,family,healthcare workers,and the media could be used to promote TB treatment adherence. | Habteyes Hailu Tola Mehrdad Karimi Mir Saeed Yekaninejad | 2017 | Infectious Diseases of Poverty2017，6，1： | 3 |
| 20 | Multigene genetic programming for sediment transport modeling in sewers for conditions of non-deposition with a bed deposit显示文摘It is known that construction of large sewers based on consideration of flow with non-deposition without a bed deposit is not economical. Sewer design based on consideration of flow with nondeposition with a bed deposit reduces channel bed slope and construction cost in which the presence of a small depth of sediment deposition on the bed increases the sediment transport capacity of the flow.This paper suggests a new Pareto-optimal model developed by the multigene genetic programming(MGGP) technique to estimate particle Froude number(Frp) in large sewers with conditions of sediment deposition on the bed. To this end, four data sets including wide ranges of sediment size and concentration, deposit thickness, and pipe size are used. On the basis of different statistical performance indices, the efficiency of the proposed Pareto-optimal MGGP model is compared to those of the best MGGP model developed in the current study as well as the conventional regression models available in the literature. The results indicate the higher efficiency of the MGGP-based models for Frp estimation in the case of no additional deposition onto a bed with a sediment deposit. Inasmuch as the Pareto-optimal MGGP model utilizes a lower number of input parameters to yield comparatively higher performance than the conventional regression models, it can be used as a parsimonious model for self-cleansing design of large sewers in practice. | Mir Jafar Sadegh Safari Ali Danandeh Mehr | 2018 | International Journal of Sediment Research2018，33，3： | 3 |
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