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| 1 | Evolving concepts in bone infection: redefining “biofilm”,“acute vs. chronic osteomyelitis”, “the immune proteome” and “local antibiotic therapy”显示文摘Osteomyelitis is a devastating disease caused by microbial infection of bone. While the frequency of infection following elective orthopedic surgery is low, rates of reinfection are disturbingly high. Staphylococcus aureus is responsible for the majority of chronic osteomyelitis cases and is often considered to be incurable due to bacterial persistence deep within bone. Unfortunately, there is no consensus on clinical classifications of osteomyelitis and the ensuing treatment algorithm. Given the high patient morbidity,mortality, and economic burden caused by osteomyelitis, it is important to elucidate mechanisms of bone infection to inform novel strategies for prevention and curative treatment. Recent discoveries in this field have identified three distinct reservoirs of bacterial biofilm including: Staphylococcal abscess communities in the local soft tissue and bone marrow, glycocalyx formation on implant hardware and necrotic tissue, and colonization of the osteocyte-lacuno canalicular network(OLCN) of cortical bone. In contrast, S.aureus intracellular persistence in bone cells has not been substantiated in vivo, which challenges this mode of chronic osteomyelitis. There have also been major advances in our understanding of the immune proteome against S. aureus, from clinical studies of serum antibodies and media enriched for newly synthesized antibodies(MENSA), which may provide new opportunities for osteomyelitis diagnosis, prognosis, and vaccine development. Finally, novel therapies such as antimicrobial implant coatings and antibiotic impregnated 3D-printed scaffolds represent promising strategies for preventing and managing this devastating disease. Here, we review these recent advances and highlight translational opportunities towards a cure. | Elysia A. Masters Ryan P. Trombetta Karen L. de Mesy Bentley Brendan F Boyce Ann Lindley Gill Steven R. Gill Kohei Nishitani Masahiro Ishikawa Yugo Morita Hiromu Ito Sheila N. Bello-Irizarry Mark Ninomiya James D. Brodell Jr. Charles C. Lee Stephanie P. Hao Irvin Oh Chao Xie Hani A. Awad John L. Daiss John R. Owen Stephen L. Kates Edward M. Schwarz Gowrishankar Muthukrishnan | 2019 | Bone Research2019，7，3： | 19 |
| 2 | PrP^C-related signal transduction is influenced by copper, membrane integrity and the alpha cleavage site显示文摘铜绑定,抛锚膜的、细胞的 prion 蛋白质(PrPC ) 有二个组成的劈开地点生产不同 N 终端和 C 终端碎片(N1/C1 和 N2/C2 ) 。用表示也人的 PrPC,鼠标 PrPC 或鼠标 PrPC 的 RK13 房间带 3F4 epitope,这研究在 endoproteolytic 劈开和一个通常认为的 PrPC 函数上探索了 PrPC 主要顺序的影响,地图 kinase 信号 transduction,响应外长的铜与或没有使不安的膜环境。PrPC 主要顺序,特别在 N1/C1 劈开地点附近,看起来在这个地点和细胞外的调整信号的 kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2 ) phosphorylation 影响解朊作用的基础层次,与处理激活增加与基础 ERK1/2 表明一种反的关系。人的 PrPC 独自响应铜显示出增加的 N1/C1 劈开,由特定的 p38 和 JNK/SAPK phosphorylation 伴随了。到加扣押胆固醇的抗菌素 filipin 的铜的联合暴露导致了一只老鼠信号蛋白质 phosphorylation 的 PrPC 特定的实质的增加,由 N1/C1 劈开的增加伴随了。怀有人的 N1/C1 劈开地点的老鼠 PrPC 基础地并且响应铜假定更似人类的侧面并且改变了膜环境。我们的结果证明在 N1/C1 劈开地点附近的 PrPC 主要顺序影响在这个地点处理的 endoproteolytic,它显得连接了基础地并且响应铜印射 kinase 信号 transduction。进一步,主要顺序看起来响应外长的刺激在 PrPC 相关的信号 transduction 的忠实上授与 N1/C1 劈开和膜完整的相互的依赖。 | Cathryn L Haigh | 2009 | Cell Research2009，19，9： | 4 |
| 3 | Motor Learning of a Dynamic Balancing Task After Stroke:Implicit Implications for Stroke Rehabilitation显示文摘 | Alison J Otrell Frank F Eves Rich S W Masters | 2006 | Physical Theropy2006，3，86： | 1 |
| 4 | The role of CIM0 in the regulation of humoral and cell-mediated immunity显示文摘 | Durie F H Foy T M Masters S R | 1994 | Immunol Today1994，15，9： | 1 |
| 5 | Persistent cough in children:overuse of medications显示文摘 | Thomoson F Master IB Chang AB | 2002 | J Paediatr Child Health2002，38，： | 1 |
| 6 | Osmium silsesquioxane as model compound and homogeneous catalyst for the dihydroxylation of alkenes显示文摘 | PAOLO P PESCARMONA ANTHONY F MASTERS | 2004 | Journal of Molecular Catalysis A: Chemical2004，220，： | 1 |
| 7 | Synthesis of a CrCoAPO-5(AFI) molecular sieve and its activity in cyclohexane oxidation in the liquid phase显示文摘 | Masters A F Beattie James K Roa Adriana L | 2001 | Catal Lett2001，75，34： | 1 |
| 8 | Synthesis of a CrCo-APO-5(AFI) molecular sieve and its activi- ty in cyelohexane oxidation in the liquid phase显示文摘 | MASTERS A F BEATTIE J K ROA A L | 2001 | Catal Lett2001，75，34： | 1 |
| 9 | Ocean mixed layers and acoustic pulse propagation in the Greenland Sea显示文摘 | SUTTON P J WORCESTER P F MASTERS G | 1993 | Journal of the Acoustical Society of America1993，94，3： | 1 |
| 10 | Metabolic syndrome in psychiatrically hospitalized patients treated with antipsychotics and other psychotropics 显示文摘 | Centorrino F Masters GA Talamo A | 2012 | Hum Psychopharmacol2012，27，： | 1 |
| 11 | Photocrosslinkable polyvinyl alcohol hydrogels that can be modified with cell adhesion peptides for use in tissue engineering显示文摘 | Schmedlen R H Masters K S West J F | 2002 | Biomaterials2002，23，22： | 1 |
| 12 | Inhibition of gammase-cretase as a therapeutic intervention for Alzheimer's disease:prospects,limitations and strategies显示文摘 | EVIN G SERNEE M F MASTERS C L | 2006 | CNS Drugs2006，20，5： | 1 |
| 13 | Hurricane hazard modeling: the past, present, and future 显示文摘 | Vickery P J Masters F J Powell M D | 2009 | Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics2009，97，78： | 1 |
| 14 | Photocrosslinkable polyvinyl alcohol hydrogels that can be modified with cell adhesion peptides for use in tissue engineering显示文摘 | Schmeslen R H Masters K S West J F | 2002 | Biomaterials2002，23，22： | 1 |
| 15 | Photocrosslinkable polyvinyl alcohol hydrogels that can be modified withcell adhesion peptides for use in tissue engineering 显示文摘 | Schmedlen R H Masters K S West J F | 2002 | Biomaterials2002，23，22： | 1 |
| 16 | Persistent cough in children and the overuse of medications显示文摘 | Thomson F Masters I B Chang A B | 2002 | Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health2002，38，57： | 1 |
| 17 | Structure of the inner core inferred from observations of its spheroidal shear modes显示文摘 | Masters G Gilbert F | 1981 | Geophysical Research Letters1981，8，6： | 1 |
| 18 | Geological Survey estimation procedure for accumulation size distributions by play显示文摘 | Houghton J C Dolton G L Mast R F Mast RF Masters C D Root Dh U S | | 0，，3： | 1 |
| 19 | Control of apoptosis in long-term ischemia and reperfusion显示文摘 | Lorenz-Meyer S Masters TN Robicsek F | 1999 | J Mol Cell Cardio1999，31，6： | 1 |
| 20 | Analysis of constructed E gene mutants of mouse hepatitis virus confirms a pivotal role for E protein in coronavirus assembly显示文摘 | Fischer F Stegen C F Masters P S | 1998 | J Virol1998，72，： | 1 |
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