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| 1 | A High-Throughput Phenotyping System Using Machine Vision to Quantify Severity of Grapevine Powdery Mildew显示文摘Powdery mildews present specific challenges to phenotyping systems that are based on imaging.Having previously developed lowthroughput,quantitative microscopy approaches for phenotyping resistance to Erysiphe necator on thousands of grape leaf disk samples for genetic analysis,here we developed automated imaging and analysis methods for E.necator severity on leaf disks.By pairing a 46-megapixel CMOS sensor camera,a long-working distance lens providing 3.5×magnification,X-Y sample positioning,and Z-axis focusing movement,the system captured 78%of the area of a 1-cm diameter leaf disk in 3 to 10 focus-stacked images within 13.5 to 26 seconds.Each image pixel represented 1.44 m2 of the leaf disk.A convolutional neural network(CNN)based on GoogLeNet determined the presence or absence of E.necator hyphae in approximately 800 subimages per leaf disk as an assessment of severity,with a training validation accuracy of 94.3%.For an independent image set the CNN was in agreement with human experts for 89.3%to 91.7%of subimages.This live-imaging approach was nondestructive,and a repeated measures time course of infection showed differentiation among susceptible,moderate,and resistant samples.Processing over one thousand samples per day with good accuracy,the system can assess host resistance,chemical or biological efficacy,or other phenotypic responses of grapevine to E.necator.In addition,new CNNs could be readily developed for phenotyping within diverse pathosystems or for diverse traits amenable to leaf disk assays. | Andrew Bierman Tim LaPlumm Lance Cadle-Davidson David Gadoury Dani Martinez Surya Sapkota Mark Rea | 2019 | Plant Phenomics2019，1，1： | 4 |
| 2 | Evalua- ting light source efficacy under mesopic conditions u- sing reaction times显示文摘 | Yunjian He Mark Rea Andrew Bierman | 1997 | Journal of the Illuminating En- gineering: Society1997，26，1： | 1 |
| 3 | Semantic differential scaling: Prospects in lighting research 显示文摘 | DALE K TIFLER MARK S REA | 1992 | lighting Research technology1992，24，1： | 1 |
| 4 | Color rendering: A tale of two metrics显示文摘 | Mark S Rea Jean P Freyssinier-Nova | 2008 | Color Research and Application2008，33，3： | 1 |
| 5 | Color rendering: A tale of two metrics 显示文摘 | Rea Mark S Freyssinier-Nova Jean P | 2008 | Color Research & Application2008，33，3： | 1 |
| 6 | Erythromycin dose of 70?mg accelerates gastric emptying as effectively as 200?mg in the critically ill显示文摘 | Marc A. Ritz Marianne J. Chapman Robert J. Fraser Mark E. Finnis Ross N. Butler Patricia Cmielewski Geoffrey P. Davidson Deborah Rea | 2005 | Intensive Care Medicine2005，，7： | 1 |
| 7 | Lack of Short- wavelength Light during the School Day Delays Dim Light Melatonin Onset (DLMO) in Middle School Students 显示文摘 | Mariana Figueiro Mark Rea | 2010 | Neuro Endocrinology Letters2010，31，1： | 1 |
| 8 | Gas chromatographic quantification of fatty acid methyl esters: Flame ionization detection vs. Electron impact mass spectrometry显示文摘 | Eric D. Dodds Mark R. McCoy Lorrie D. Rea John M. Kennish | 2005 | Lipids2005，，4： | 1 |
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