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| 1 | Pathogenesis and clinical management of Helicobacter pylori gastric infection显示文摘Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori)is a gram-negative bacterium that infects approximately 4.4 billion individuals worldwide.However,its prevalence varies among different geographic areas,and is influenced by several factors.The infection can be acquired by means of oral-oral or fecal-oral transmission,and the pathogen possesses various mechanisms that improve its capacity of mobility,adherence and manipulation of the gastric microenvironment,making possible the colonization of an organ with a highly acidic lumen.In addition,H.pylori presents a large variety of virulence factors that improve its pathogenicity,of which we highlight cytotoxin associated antigen A,vacuolating cytotoxin,duodenal ulcer promoting gene A protein,outer inflammatory protein and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase.The host immune system,mainly by means of a Th1-polarized response,also plays a crucial role in the infection course.Although most H.pylori-positive individuals remain asymptomatic,the infection predisposes the development of various clinical conditions as peptic ulcers,gastric adenocarcinomas and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphomas.Invasive and non-invasive diagnostic methods,each of them with their related advantages and limitations,have been applied in H.pylori detection.Moreover,bacterial resistance to antimicrobial therapy is a major challenge in the treatment of this infection,and new therapy alternatives are being tested to improve H.pylori eradication.Last but not least,the development of effective vaccines against H.pylori infection have been the aim of several research studies. | Breno Bittencourt de Brito Filipe Ant?nio Fran?a da Silva Aline Silva Soares Vinícius Afonso Pereira Maria Luísa Cordeiro Santos Mariana Miranda Sampaio Pedro Henrique Moreira Neves Fabrício Freire de Melo | 2019 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2019，25，37： | 84 |
| 2 | A community-derived classification for extant lycophytes and ferns显示文摘发展史长通知了蕨类植物分类。当我们推断进化的树的能力改善了,针对认出生来的组的分类变得逐渐地预兆、稳定。这里,我们为 lycophytes 和蕨纲植物提供一个现代、全面分类,在下面,利用一条基于社区的途径类水平。我们 monophyly 用作主要标准让 taxa,而且目的识别保存两个广泛地被接受的存在 taxa 和界限并且与我们蕨类植物发展史的理解一致。总共,这个分类对待一在 337 个类, 51 个家庭, 14 目,和二个班估计了 11 916 种类。这个分类没在 lycophyte 和蕨纲植物上作为最后的词被打算分类,而是当前的假设的概括陈述,源于最好的可得到的数据并且在问题由熟悉植物的那些大多数塑造了。我们希望它将在蕨类植物上为最近的文学的那些想要的参考用作一个资源发展史和分类,为指导未来调查的一个框架,和推进讲话的刺激。 | Eric Schuettpelz Harald Schneider Alan R. Smith Peter Hovenkamp Jefferson Prado Germinal Rouhan Alexandre Salino Michael Sundue Thafs Elias Almeida Barbara Parris Emily B. Sessa Ashley R. Field Andre Luis de Gasper Carl J. Rothfels Michael D. Windham Marcus Lehnert Benjamin Dauphin Atsushi Ebihara Samuli Lehtonen Pedro Bond Schwartsburd Jordan Metzgar Li-Bing Zhang Li-Yaung Kuo Patrick J. Brownsey Masahiro Kato Marcelo Daniel Arana Francine C. Assis Michael S. Barker David S. Barrington Ho-Ming Chang Yi-Han Chang Yi-Shan Chao Cheng-Wei Chen De-Kui Chen Wen-Liang Chiou Vinicius Antonio de Oliveira Dittrich Yi-Fan Duan Jean-Yves Dubuisson Donald R. Farrar Susan Fawcett Jose Maria Gabriel y Galan Luiz Armando de Araujo Goes-Neto Jason R. Grant Amanda L. Grusz Christopher Haufler Warren Hauk Hai He Sabine Hennequin Regina Yoshie Hirai Layne Huiet Michael Kessler Petra Korall Paulo H. Labiak Anders Larsson Blanca Leen Chun-Xiang Li Fay-Wei Li Melanie Link-Perez Hong-Mei Liu Ngan Thi Lu Esteban I. Meza-Torres Xin-Yuan Miao Robbin Moran Claudine Massi Mynssens Nathalie Nagalingum Benjamin Ollgaard Alison M. Paul Jovani B. de S. Pereira Leon R. Perrie Monica Ponce Tom A. Ranker Christian Schulz Wataru Shinohara Alexander Shmakov Erin M. Sigel Filipe Soares de Souza Lana da Silva Sylvestre Weston Testo Luz Amparo Triana-Moreno Chie Tsutsumi Hanna Tuomisto IvAn A. Valdespino Alejandra Vasco Raquel Stauffer Viveros Alan Weakley Ran Wei Stina Weststrand Paul G. Wolf George Yatskievych Xiao-Gang Xu Yue-Hong Yan Liang Zhang Xian-Chun Zhang Xin-Mao Zhou | 2016 | Journal of Systematics and Evolution2016，54，6： | 44 |
| 3 | Renin-angiotensin system in the pathogenesis of liver fibrosis显示文摘Hepatic fibrosis is considered a common response to many chronic hepatic injuries.It is a multifunctional process that involves several cell types,cytokines,chemokines and growth factors leading to a disruption of homeostatic mechanisms that maintain the liver ecosystem.In spite of many studies regarding the development of fibrosis,the understanding of the pathogenesis remains obscure.The hepatic tissue remodeling process is highly complex,resulting from the balance between collagen degradation and synthesis.Among the many mediators that take part in this process,the components of the Renin angiotensin system(RAS) have progressively assumed an important role.Angiotensin(Ang)□acts as a profibrotic mediator and Ang-(1-7),the newly recognized RAS component,appears to exert a counter-regulatory role in liver tissue.We briefly review the liver fibrosis process and current aspects of the RAS.This review also aims to discuss some experimental evidence regarding the participation of RAS mediators in the pathogenesis of liver fibrosis,focusing on the putative role of the ACE2-Ang-(1-7)-Mas receptor axis. | Regina Maria Pereira Robson Augusto Souza dos Santos Filipi Leles da Costa Dias Mauro Martins Teixeira Ana Cristina Simoes e Silva | 2009 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2009，15，21： | 37 |
| 4 | Helicobacter pylori infection: Beyond gastric manifestations显示文摘Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori)is a bacterium that infects more than a half of world’s population.Although it is mainly related to the development of gastroduodenal diseases,several studies have shown that such infection may also influence the development and severity of various extragastric diseases.According to the current evidence,whereas this bacterium is a risk factor for some of these manifestations,it might play a protective role in other pathological conditions.In that context,when considered the gastrointestinal tract,H.pylori positivity have been related to Inflammatory Bowel Disease,Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease,Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease,Hepatic Carcinoma,Cholelithiasis,and Cholecystitis.Moreover,lower serum levels of iron and vitamin B12 have been found in patients with H.pylori infection,leading to the emergence of anemias in a portion of them.With regards to neurological manifestations,a growing number of studies have associated that bacterium with multiple sclerosis,Alzheimer’s disease,Parkinson’s disease,and Guillain-Barrésyndrome.Interestingly,the risk of developing cardiovascular disorders,such as atherosclerosis,is also influenced by the infection.Besides that,the H.pylori-associated inflammation may also lead to increased insulin resistance,leading to a higher risk of diabetes mellitus among infected individuals.Finally,the occurrence of dermatological and ophthalmic disorders have also been related to that microorganism.In this sense,this minireview aims to gather the main studies associating H.pylori infection with extragastric conditions,and also to explore the main mechanisms that may explain the role of H.pylori in those diseases. | Maria Luisa Cordeiro Santos Breno Bittencourt de Brito Filipe Antonio França da Silva Mariana Miranda Sampaio Hanna Santos Marques Natalia Oliveira e Silva Dulciene Maria de Magalhaes Queiroz Fabricio Freire de Melo | 2020 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2020，26，28： | 34 |
| 5 | Evaluation of inflammatory activity in Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis显示文摘Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis evolve with a relapsing and remitting course.Determination of inflammatory state is crucial for the assessment of disease activity and for tailoring therapy.However,no simple diagnostic test for monitoring intestinal inflammation is available.Noninvasive markers give only indirect assessments of disease activity.Histopathological or endoscopical examinations accurately assess inflammatory activity,but they are invasive,time consuming and expensive and therefore are unsuitable for routine use.Imaging procedures are not applicable for ulcerative colitis.The usefulness of ultrasound and Doppler imag-ing in assessing disease activity is still a matter of discussion for Crohn's disease,and an increased interest in computed tomography enterograph (CTE) has been seen,mainly because it can delineate the extent and severity of bowel wall inflammation,besides detecting extraluminal findings.Until now,the available data concerning the accuracy of magnetic resonance enterography in detecting disease activity is less than CTE.Due to this,clinical activity indices are still commonly used for both diseases. | Eduardo Garcia Vilela Henrique Osvaldo da Gama Torres Fabiana Paiva Martins Maria de Lourdes de Abreu Ferrari Marcella Menezes Andrade Aloísio Sales da Cunha | 2012 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2012，18，9： | 23 |
| 6 | Neuroinflammation and oxidative stress act in concert to promote neurodegeneration in the diabetic retina and optic nerve:galectin-3 participation显示文摘Diabetes is a lifelong disease characterized by glucose metabolic imbalance,in which low insulin levels or impaired insulin signaling lead to hyperglycemic state.Within 20 years of diabetes progression,95%of patients will have diabetic retinopathy,the leading cause of visual defects in working-age people worldwide.Although diabetes is considered a microvascular disease,recent studies have shown that neurodegeneration precedes vascular changes within the diabetic visual system,albeit its mechanisms are still under investigation.Neuroinflammation and oxidative stress are intrinsically related phenomena,since macrophage/microglia and astrocytes are the main sources of reactive oxygen species during central nervous system chronic degenerative diseases,and both pathological processes are increased in the visual system during diabetes.The present review will focus on recent findings of the contribution of oxidative stress derived from neuroinflammation in the early neurodegenerative aspects of the diabetic visual system and their relationship with galectin-3. | Henrique Rocha Mendonca Raul Carpi-Santos Karin da Costa Calaza Ana Maria Blanco Martinez | 2020 | Neural Regeneration Research2020，15，4： | 16 |
| 7 | Relationship between angiotensin-(1-7) and angiotensin Ⅱ correlates with hemodynamic changes in human liver cirrhosis显示文摘AIM:To measure circulating angiotensins at different stages ofhuman cirrhosis and to further evaluate a possible relationship between renin angiotensin system (RAS) components and hemodynamic changes.METHODS: Patients were allocated into 4 groups: mild-to-moderate liver disease (MLD), advanced liver disease (ALD), patients undergoing liver transplantation, and healthy controls. Blood was collected to determine plasma renin activity (PRA), angiotensin (Ang) , Ang Ⅱ, and Ang-(1-7) levels using radioimmunoassays. During liver transplantation, hemodynamic parameters were determined and blood was simultaneously obtained from the portal vein and radial artery in order to measure RAS components.RESULTS: PRA and angiotensins were elevated in ALD when compared to MLD and controls (P < 0.05). In contrast, Ang was signicantly reduced in MLD. Ang-(1-7)/Ang Ⅱ ratios were increased in MLD when compared to controls and ALD. During transplantation, Ang Ⅱ levels were lower and Ang-(1-7)/Ang Ⅱ ratios were higher in the splanchnic circulation than in the peripheral circulation (0.52 ± 0.08 vs 0.38 ± 0.04, P < 0.02), whereas the peripheral circulating Ang /Ang ratio was elevated in comparison to splanchnic lev-els (0.18 ± 0.02 vs 0.13 ± 0.02, P < 0.04). Ang-(1-7)/Ang Ⅱ ratios positively correlated with cardiac output (r= 0.66) and negatively correlated with systemic vascular resistance (r =-0.70).CONCLUSION: Our ndings suggest that the relation-ship between Ang-(1-7) and Ang Ⅱmay play a role in the hemodynamic changes ofhuman cirrhosis. | Walkíria Wingester Vilas-Boas Antnio Ribeiro-Oliveira Jr Regina Maria Pereira Renata da Cunha Ribeiro Jerusa Almeida Ana Paula Nadu Ana Cristina Simoes e Silva Robson Augusto Souza dos Santos | 2009 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2009，15，20： | 11 |
| 8 | Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells versus adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells for peripheral nerve regeneration显示文摘Studies have confirmed that bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs) can be used for treatment of several nervous system diseases. However, isolation of bone marrow-derived MSCs(BMSCs) is an invasive and painful process and the yield is very low. Therefore, there is a need to search for other alterative stem cell sources. Adipose-derived MSCs(ADSCs) have phenotypic and gene expression profiles similar to those of BMSCs. The production of ADSCs is greater than that of BMSCs, and ADSCs proliferate faster than BMSCs. To compare the effects of venous grafts containing BMSCs or ADSCs on sciatic nerve injury, in this study, rats were randomly divided into four groups: sham(only sciatic nerve exposed), Matrigel(MG; sciatic nerve injury + intravenous transplantation of MG vehicle), ADSCs(sciatic nerve injury + intravenous MG containing ADSCs), and BMSCs(sciatic nerve injury + intravenous MG containing BMSCs) groups. Sciatic functional index was calculated to evaluate the function of injured sciatic nerve. Morphologic characteristics of nerves distal to the lesion were observed by toluidine blue staining. Spinal motor neurons labeled with Fluoro-Gold were quantitatively assessed. Compared with sham-operated rats, sciatic functional index was lower, the density of small-diameter fibers was significantly increased, and the number of motor neurons significantly decreased in rats with sciatic nerve injury. Neither ADSCs nor BMSCs significantly improved the sciatic nerve function of rats with sciatic nerve injury, increased fiber density, fiber diameters, axonal diameters, myelin sheath thickness, and G ratios(axonal diameter/fiber diameter ratios) in the sciatic nerve distal to the lesion site. There was no significant difference in the number of spinal motor neurons among ADSCs, BMSCs and MG groups. These results suggest that neither BMSCs nor ADSCs provide satisfactory results for peripheral nerve repair when using MG as the conductor for engraftment. | Marcela Fernandes Sandra Gomes Valente Rodrigo Guerra Sabongi Joao Baptista Gomes dos Santos Vilnei Mattioli Leite Henning Ulrich Arthur Andrade Nery Maria José da Silva Fernandes | 2018 | Neural Regeneration Research2018，13，1： | 10 |
| 9 | Elastic Aerogels of Cellulose Nanofibers@Metal–Organic Frameworks for Thermal Insulation and Fire Retardancy显示文摘Metal–organic frameworks(MOFs)with high microporosity and relatively high thermal stability are potential thermal insulation and flame-retardant materials.However,the difficulties in processing and shaping MOFs have largely hampered their applications in these areas.This study outlines the fabrication of hybrid CNF@MOF aerogels by a stepwise assembly approach involving the coating and cross-linking of cellulose nanofibers(CNFs)with continuous nanolayers of MOFs.The cross-linking gives the aerogels high mechanical strength but superelasticity(80%maximum recoverable strain,high specific compression modulus of^200 MPa cm3 g−1,and specific stress of^100 MPa cm3 g−1).The resultant lightweight aerogels have a cellular network structure and hierarchical porosity,which render the aerogels with relatively low thermal conductivity of^40 mW m−1 K−1.The hydrophobic,thermally stable MOF nanolayers wrapped around the CNFs result in good moisture resistance and fire retardancy.This study demonstrates that MOFs can be used as efficient thermal insulation and flame-retardant materials.It presents a pathway for the design of thermally insulating,superelastic fire-retardant nanocomposites based on MOFs and nanocellulose. | Shengyang Zhou Varvara Apostolopoulou‑Kalkavoura Marcus Vinicius Tavares da Costa Lennart Bergstrom Maria Stromme Chao Xu | 2020 | Nano-Micro Letters2020，12，1： | 10 |
| 10 | Titanium dioxide induced inflammation in the small intestine显示文摘AIM:To investigate the effects of titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles (NPTiO 2 ) and microparticles (MPTiO 2 ) on the inflammatory response in the small intestine of mice. METHODS: Bl 57/6 male mice received distilled water suspensions containing TiO 2 (100 mg/kg body weight) as NPTiO 2 (66 nm), or MPTiO 2 (260 nm) by gavage for 10 d, once a day; the control group received only distilled water. At the end of the treatment the duodenum, jejunum and ileum were extracted for assessment of cytokines, inflammatory cells and titanium content. The cytokines interleukin (IL)-1b, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12, IL-13, IL-17, IL-23, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), intracellular interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) were evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in segments of jejunum and ileum (mucosa and underlying muscular tissue). CD4 + and CD8 + T cells, natural killer cells, and dendritic cells were evaluated in duodenum, jejunum and ileum samples fixed in 10% formalin by immuno-histochemistry. The titanium content was determined by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry. RESULTS: We found increased levels of T CD4 + cells (cells/mm 2 ) in duodenum:NP 1240 ± 139.4, MP 1070 ± 154.7 vs 458 ± 50.39 (P < 0.01); jejunum:NP 908.4 ± 130.3, MP 813.8 ± 103.8 vs 526.6 ± 61.43 (P < 0.05); and ileum:NP 818.60 ± 123.0, MP 640.1 ± 32.75 vs 466.9 ± 22.4 (P < 0.05). In comparison to the control group, the groups receiving TiO 2 showed a statistically significant increase in the levels of the inflammatory cytokines IL-12, IL-4, IL-23, TNF-α, IFN-γ and TGF-β. The cytokine production was more pronounced in the ileum (mean ± SE):IL-12: NP 33.98 ± 11.76, MP 74.11 ± 25.65 vs 19.06 ± 3.92 (P < 0.05); IL-4: NP 17.36 ± 9.96, MP 22.94 ± 7.47 vs 2.19 ± 0.65 (P < 0.05); IL-23: NP 157.20 ± 75.80, MP 134.50 ± 38.31 vs 22.34 ± 5.81 (P < 0.05); TNFα: NP 3.71 ± 1.33, MP 5.44 ± 1.67 vs 0.99± 019 (P < 0.05); IFNγ: NP 15.85 ± 9.99, MP 34.08 ± 11.44 vs 2.81 ± 0.69 (P < 0.05); and TGF-β: NP 780.70 ± 318.50, MP 1409.00 ± 502.20 vs 205.50 ± 63.93 (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION:Our findings indicate that TiO2 particles induce a Th1-mediated inflammatory response in the small bowel in mice. | Carolina Maciel Nogueira Walter Mendes de Azevedo Maria Lucia Zaidan Dagli Sérgio Hiroshi Toma AndréZonetti de Arruda Leite Maria Laura Lordello Iêda Nishitokukado Carmen Lúcia Ortiz-Agostinho Maria IrmaSeixas Duarte Marcelo Alves Ferreira Aytan Miranda Sipahi | 2012 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2012，18，34： | 8 |
| 11 | Chronic exposure to ethanol causes steatosis and inflammation in zebrafish liver显示文摘AIM To evaluate the effects of chronic exposure to ethanol in the liver and the expression of inflammatory genesin zebrafish.METHODS Zebrafish(n = 104),wild type,adult,male and female,were divided into two groups:Control and ethanol(0.05 v/v).The ethanol was directly added into water;tanks water were changed every two days and the ethanol replaced.The animals were fed twice a day with fish food until satiety.After two and four weeks of trial,livers were dissected,histological analysis(hematoxilineosin and Oil Red staining) and gene expression assessment of adiponectin,adiponectin receptor 2(adipor2),sirtuin-1(sirt-1),tumor necrosis factor-alpha(tnf-a),interleukin-1b(il-1b) and interleukin-10(il-10) were performed.Ultrastructural evaluations were conducted at fourth week.RESULTS Exposing zebrafish to 0.5% ethanol developed intense liver steatosis after four weeks,as demonstrated by oil red staining.In ethanol-treated animals,the main ultrastructural changes were related to cytoplasmic lipid particles and droplets,increased number of rough endoplasmic reticulum cisterns and glycogen particles.Between two and four weeks,hepatic mR NA expression of il-1b,sirt-1 and adipor2 were upregulated,indicating that ethanol triggered signaling molecules which are key elements in both hepatic inflammatory and protective responses.Adiponectin was not detected in the liver of animals exposed and not exposed to ethanol,and il-10 did not show significant difference.CONCLUSION Data suggest that inflammatory signaling and ultrastructural alterations play a significant role during hepatic steatosis in zebrafish chronically exposed to ethanol. | Ana Claudia Reis Schneider Cleandra Gregório Carolina Uribe-Cruz Ranieli Guizzo Tais Malysz Maria Cristina Faccioni-Heuser Larisse Longo Themis Reverbel da Silveira | 2017 | World Journal of Hepatology2017，9，8： | 7 |
| 12 | What have we learned about the kallikrein-kinin and renin-angiotensin systems in neurological disorders?显示文摘The kallikrein-kinin system(KKS) is an intricate endogenous pathway involved in several physiological and pathological cascades in the brain. Due to the pathological effects of kinins in blood vessels and tissues, their formation and degradation are tightly controlled. Their components have been related to several central nervous system diseases such as stroke, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis, epilepsy and others. Bradykinin and its receptors(B1R and B2R) may have a role in the pathophysiology of certain central nervous system diseases. It has been suggested that kinin B1R is up-regulated in pathological conditions and has a neurodegenerative pattern, while kinin B2R is constitutive and can act as a neuroprotective factor in many neurological conditions. The renin angiotensin system(RAS) is an important blood pressure regulator and controls both sodium and water intake. AngⅡ is a potent vasoconstrictor molecule and angiotensin converting enzyme is the major enzyme responsible for its release. AngⅡ acts mainly on the AT1 receptor, with involvement in several systemic and neurological disorders. Brain RAS has been associated with physiological pathways, but is also associated with brain disorders. This review describes topics relating to the involvement of both systems in several forms of brain dysfunction and indicates components of the KKS and RAS that have been used as targets in several pharmacological approaches. | Maria da Graa Naffah-Mazzacoratti Telma Luciana Furtado Gouveia Priscila Santos Rodrigues Simōes Sandra Regina Perosa | 2014 | World Journal of Biological Chemistry2014，5，2： | 7 |
| 13 | Animal models of acute gastric mucosal injury: Macroscopic and microscopic evaluation显示文摘Acute gastric mucosal injury is a common disorder of the gastrointestinal tract and the search for new therapeutics is ongoing. The aim of this study is to update and expand the information related to the most widely used rat models of acute gastric ulcer, the ethanol‐induced ulcer and the indomethacin‐induced ulcer. These two models are compared in terms of macroscopic and microscopic features. Experimentally, ethanol was given orally in a single dose and indomethacin was subcutaneously injected into male Wistar rats. After ulcerative challenges, the stomachs were removed and visually inspected. Anti‐ulcerative drugs were used to validate the models. Histological analysis of the stomachs determined the microscopic score. The methodology used for model evaluation applied to macroscopic and microscopic gastric lesions. With these methods it was possible to induce lesions in the gastric mucosa. Microscopic evaluation permitted assessment of the inflammatory and apoptotic impact in the mucosa not observable by macroscopic evaluation. Groups of animals were treated with two standard drugs: sulcralfate suspension or lansoprazole solution. Both drugs reduced macroscopic and microscopic lesions, particularly the hemorrhagic ones. Both models induced acute gastric mucosal injury and no single evaluation method can address all the aspects of the pathology of gastric lesions. As a complement to macroscopic evaluation, microscopy appears to be a relevant tool to selectively identify specific aspects of the development of mucosal injury, quantify the extent of lesions, and contribute to an appropriate interpretation of results. The score systems established here offer a reliable method for testing antiulcer drugs. | Sandra Simoes Rui Lopes Maria Celeste Dias Campos Maria Joao Marruz Maria Eugenia Meirinhos da Cruz Luisa Corvo | 2019 | Animal Models and Experimental Medicine2019，2，2： | 7 |
| 14 | Quantitative Study on Nonmetallic Inclusion Particles in Steels by Automatic Image Analysis With Extreme Values Method显示文摘The presence of nonmetallic inclusion particles which appear during steelmaking process is harmful to the properties of steels,which is mainly as a function of some aspects such as size,volume fraction,shape,and distribution of these particles.The automatic image analysis technique is one of the most important tools for the quantitative determination of these parameters.The classical Student approach and the Extreme Values Method(EVM) were used for the inclusion size and shape determination and the evaluation of distance between the inclusion particles.The results thus obtained indicated that there were significant differences in the characteristics of the inclusion particles in the analyzed products.Both methods achieved results with some differences,indicating that EVM could be used as a faster and more reliable statistical methodology. | Cássio Barbosa José Brant de Campos Jneo Lopes do Nascimento Iêda Maria Vieira Caminha | 2009 | Journal of Iron and Steel Research(International)2009，16，4： | 7 |
| 15 | Perioperative blood transfusion decreases long-term survival in pediatric living donor liver transplantation显示文摘BACKGROUND The impact of perioperative blood transfusion on short-and long-term outcomes in pediatric living donor liver transplantation(PLDLT)must still be ascertained,mainly among young children.Clinical and surgical postoperative complications related to perioperative blood transfusion are well described up to three months after adult liver transplantation.AIM To determine whether transfusion is associated with early and late postoperative complications and mortality in small patients undergoing PLDLT.METHODS We evaluated the effects of perioperative transfusion on postoperative complications in recipients up to 20 kg of body weight,submitted to PLDLT.A total of 240 patients were retrospectively allocated into two groups according to postoperative complications:Minor complications(n=109)and major complications(n=131).Multiple logistic regression analysis identified the volume of perioperative packed red blood cells(RBC)transfusion as the only independent risk factor for major postoperative complications.The receiver operating characteristic curve was drawn to identify the optimal volume of the perioperative RBC transfusion related to the presence of major postoperative complications,defining a cutoff point of 27.5 mL/kg.Subsequently,patients were reallocated to a low-volume transfusion group(LTr;n=103,RBC≤27.5 mL/kg)and a high-volume transfusion group(HTr;n=137,RBC>27.5 mL/kg)so that the outcome could be analyzed.RESULTS High-volume transfusion was associated with an increased number of major complications and mortality during hospitalization up to a 10-year follow-up period.During a short-term period,the HTr showed an increase in major infectious,cardiovascular,respiratory,and bleeding complications,with a decrease in rejection complications compared to the LTr.Over a long-term period,the HTr showed an increase in major infectious,cardiovascular,respiratory,and minor neoplastic complications,with a decrease in rejection complications.Additionally,Cox hazard regression found that high-volume RBC transfusion increased the mortality risk by 3.031-fold compared to low-volume transfusion.The Kaplan-Meier survival curves of the studied groups were compared using log-rank tests and the analysis showed significantly decreased graft survival,but with no impact in patient survival related to major complications.On the other hand,there was a significant decrease in both graft and patient survival,with high-volume RBC transfusion.CONCLUSION Transfusion of RBC volume higher than 27.5 mL/kg during the perioperative period is associated with a significant increase in short-and long-term postoperative morbidity and mortality after PLDLT. | Karina Gordon Estela Regina Ramos Figueira Joel Avancini Rocha-Filho Luiz Antonio Mondadori Eduardo Henrique Giroud Joaquim Joao Seda-Neto Eduardo Antunes da Fonseca Renata Pereira Sustovitch Pugliese Agustin Moscoso Vintimilla Jose Otavio Costa Auler Jr Maria Jose Carvalho Carmona Luiz Augusto Carneiro D'Alburquerque | 2021 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2021，27，12： | 6 |
| 16 | Relationship between Th17 immune response and cancer显示文摘Cancer is the second leading cause of death worldwide and epidemiological projections predict growing cancer mortality rates in the next decades.Cancer has a close relationship with the immune system and,although Th17 cells are known to play roles in the immune response against microorganisms and in autoimmunity,studies have emphasized their roles in cancer pathogenesis.The Th17 immune response profile is involved in several types of cancer including urogenital,respiratory,gastrointestinal,and skin cancers.This type of immune response exerts pro and antitumor functions through several mechanisms,depending on the context of each tumor,including the protumor angiogenesis and exhaustion of T cells and the antitumor recruitment of T cells and neutrophils to the tumor microenvironment.Among other factors,the paradoxical behavior of Th17 cells in this setting has been attributed to its plasticity potential,which makes possible their conversion into other types of T cells such as Th17/Treg and Th17/Th1 cells.Interleukin(IL)-17 stands out among Th17-related cytokines since it modulates pathways and interacts with other cell profiles in the tumor microenvironment,which allow Th17 cells to prevail in tumors.Moreover,the IL-17 is able to mediate pro and antitumor processes that influence the development and progression of various cancers,being associated with variable clinical outcomes.The understanding of the relationship between the Th17 immune response and cancer as well as the singularities of carcinogenic processes in each type of tumor is crucial for the identification of new therapeutic targets. | Hanna Santos Marques Breno Bittencourt de Brito Filipe Antônio França da Silva Maria Luísa Cordeiro Santos Júlio César Braga de Souza Thiago Macêdo Lopes Correia Luana Weber Lopes Nayara Silva de Macêdo Neres Rafael Santos Dantas Miranda Dórea Anna Carolina Saúde Dantas Lorena Lôbo Brito Morbeck Iasmin Souza Lima Amanda Alves de Almeida Maiara Raulina de Jesus Dias Fabrício Freire de Melo | 2021 | World Journal of Clinical Oncology2021，12，10： | 5 |
| 17 | 从附睾到卵子:CRISP蛋白在哺乳动物受精过程中的作用显示文摘哺乳动物的受精过程涉及精卵结合的很多步骤,是一个非常复杂的过程,其分了机制亟待阐明。此篇综述主要论述了CRISP(富含半胱氨酸的分泌蛋白)作为模型分子在哺乳动物受精过程中的价值。大量的体外实验和基因敲出模型研究显示,附睾内的CRISP1以两种不同的亲和力结合于精子表面,参与精子获能、精子-透明带结合、精卵融合的调控。这些研究成果可以延伸至人类。我们住研究中发现,人类具有与啮齿类同源的CRISP(hCRISP1),同样参与受精过样。CRISP家族的其他成员(睾丸内CRISP2、附挈内CRISP3—4、射精时的CRISP3)也参与了精卵结合的过程,提示同源分子间的相互协同有助于受精的成功。另外,我们的研究显示,CRISP蛋白伴随精子穿越男性及女性生殖管道的全过程。我们推测CRISP不仅参与了受精过程,而且可能成为不育和避孕研究的新靶点。 | Vanina G Da Ros Mariana Weigel Munoz Maria A Battistone Nicolas G Brukman Guillermo Carvajal Ludmila Curci Matlas D Gomez-Elias Debora J Cohen Patricia S Cuasnicu | 2015 | Asian Journal of Andrology2015，17，5： | 5 |
| 18 | Evaluation of Physicochemical,Microbiological and Sensory Stability of Frozen Stored Vacuum-Packed Lamb Meat显示文摘Nowadays,lamb meat represents only 7%of all meat produced in the world.In recent years the demand for standardized lamb meat cuts has been considered of great importance and the marketing occurs predominantly in the form of frozen cuts.Herewith,the main of this work was to evaluate the stability and safety of lamb meat during frozen storage.Meats were vacuum packed in high barrier multilayer plastic films and stored during 12 mon at(-18±1)oC.The meat stability was assessed by physical and chemical(lipid oxidation,objective color,pH value,cooking losses and instrumental texture),microbiological(total count of psychrotrophic,coliform count at 45°C,coagulase-positive staphylococci and the presence of Salmonella)and sensory analysis(acceptance test and visual evaluation).The vacuum packed lamb meat remained stable as to most physical and chemical indexes.Microbiological indexes showed good stability throughout the storage period according to Brazilian legislation standards to pathogenic microorganisms.Although a significant reduction in tenderness(shear force increase from 3 to 8 kg),it showed a good sensorial acceptance for all attributes tested,including texture,with scores of around 7(like moderately)during the 12 mon of storage.Therefore,it can be concluded that,under the conditions applied in this study,lamb meat presents a shelf life of at least 12 mon when stored at-18°C. | Rafaella de Paula Paseto Fernandes Maria Teresa de Alvarenga Freire Celso da Costa Carrer Marco Antonio Trindade | 2013 | Journal of Integrative Agriculture2013，12，11： | 4 |
| 19 | Nephrotoxicity in cancer treatment:An overview显示文摘Anticancer drug nephrotoxicity is an important and increasing adverse drug event that limits the efficacy of cancer treatment.The kidney is an important elimination pathway for many antineoplastic drugs and their metabolites,which occurs by glomerular filtration and tubular secretion.Chemotherapeutic agents,both conventional cytotoxic agents and molecularly targeted agents,can affect any segment of the nephron including its microvasculature,leading to many clinical manifestations such as proteinuria,hypertension,electrolyte disturbances,glomerulopathy,acute and chronic interstitial nephritis,acute kidney injury and at times chronic kidney disease.The clinician should be alert to recognize several factors that may maximize renal dysfunction and contribute to the increased incidence of nephrotoxicity associated with these drugs,such as intravascular volume depletion,the associated use of nonchemotherapeutic nephrotoxic drugs(analgesics,antibiotics,proton pump inhibitors,and bonetargeted therapies),radiographic ionic contrast media or radiation therapy,urinary tract obstruction,and intrinsic renal disease.Identification of patients at higher risk for nephrotoxicity may allow the prevention or at least reduction in the development and severity of this adverse effect.Therefore,the aim of this brief review is to provide currently available evidences on oncologic drug-related nephrotoxicity. | Maria Luísa Cordeiro Santos Breno Bittencourt de Brito Filipe Antonio FranÇa da Silva Anelise Costa dos Santos Botelho Fabrício Freire de Melo | 2020 | World Journal of Clinical Oncology2020，11，4： | 4 |
| 20 | Application of Molecular Distillation Process to Extend the True Boiling Point Curve of Petroleum Residues 400 ℃ +显示文摘 | Erica Roberta Lovo da Rocha Melina Savioli Lopes Maria Regina Wolf Maciel Rubens Maciel Filho Cesar Benedito Batistella Lilian Carmem Medina | 2011 | Journal of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering2011，5，2： | 4 |
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