| 5 | Community-based interventions for the prevention and control of helmintic neglected tropical diseases显示文摘In this paper,we aim to systematically analyze the effectiveness of community-based interventions(CBIs)for the prevention and control of helminthiasis including soil-transmitted helminthiasis(STH)(ascariasis,hookworms,and trichuriasis),lymphatic filariasis,onchocerciasis,dracunculiasis,and schistosomiasis.We systematically reviewed literature published before May 2013 and included 32 studies in this review.Findings from the meta-analysis suggest that CBIs are effective in reducing the prevalence of STH(RR:0.45,95%CI:0.38,0.54),schistosomiasis(RR:0.40,95%CI:0.33,0.50),and STH intensity(SMD:−3.16,95 CI:−4.28,−2.04).They are also effective in improving mean hemoglobin(SMD:0.34,95%CI:0.20,0.47)and reducing anemia prevalence(RR:0.90,95%CI:0.85,0.96).However,it did not have any impact on ferritin,height,weight,low birth weight(LBW),or stillbirths.School-based delivery significantly reduced STH(RR:0.49,95%CI:0.39,0.63)and schistosomiasis prevalence(RR:0.50,95%CI:0.33,0.75),STH intensity(SMD:−0.22,95%CI:−0.26,−0.17),and anemia prevalence(RR:0.87,95%CI:0.81,0.94).It also improved mean hemoglobin(SMD:0.24,95%CI:0.16,0.32).We did not find any conclusive evidence from the quantitative synthesis on the relative effectiveness of integrated and non-integrated delivery strategies due to the limited data available for each subgroup.However,the qualitative synthesis from the included studies supports community-based delivery strategies and suggests that integrated prevention and control measures are more effective in achieving greater coverage compared to the routine vertical delivery,albeit it requires an existing strong healthcare infrastructure.Current evidence suggests that effective community-based strategies exist and deliver a range of preventive,promotive,and therapeutic interventions to combat helminthic neglected tropical diseases(NTDs).However,there is a need to implement and evaluate efficient integrated programs with the existing disease control programs on a larger scale throughout resource-limited regions especially to reach the unreachable. | Rehana A Salam Hasina Maredia Jai K Das Zohra S Lassi Zulfiqar A Bhutta | 2014 | Infectious Diseases of Poverty2014，3，1： | 1 |
| 18 | Community based interventions for the prevention and control of Non-Helmintic NTD显示文摘In this paper,we aim to systematically analyze the effectiveness of community based interventions(CBI)for the prevention and control of non-helminthic diseases including dengue,trypanosomiasis,chagas,leishmaniasis,buruli ulcer,leprosy and trachoma.We systematically reviewed literature published up to May 2013 and included 62 studies in this review.Findings from our review suggest that CBI including insecticide spraying;insecticide treated bednets and curtains;community education and cleanliness campaigns;chemoprophylaxis through mass drug administration;and treatment have the potential to reduce the incidence and burden of non-helminthic diseases.Lack of data limited the subgroup analysis for integrated and non-integrated delivery strategies however,qualitative synthesis suggest that integrated delivery is more effective when compared to vertical interventions;however,such integration was possible only because of the existing vertical vector control programs.Community delivered interventions have the potential to achieve wider coverage and sustained community acceptance.Eradicating these diseases will require a multipronged approach including drug administration,health education,vector control and clean water and sanitation facilities.This would require high level governmental commitment along with strong partnerships among major stakeholders. | Jai K Das Rehana A Salam Ahmed Arshad Hasina Maredia Zulfiqar A Bhutta | 2014 | Infectious Diseases of Poverty2014，3，1： | 0 |
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