| 1 | Soil and onsite nutrient conservation potential of aromatic grasses at field scale under a shifting cultivated,degraded catchment in Eastern Ghats,India显示文摘Land degradation due to soil erosion is a global problem, especially on cultivated hill slopes. Economically important aromatic grasses can protect degraded hill slopes more effectively than field crops, but little information is available on their performance. This study quantifies runoff, sediment yield,enrichment ratios of soil and nutrients, and sediment-associated organic carbon and nutrients losses under three aromatic grass species: citronella(Cymbopogon nardus), lemon(Cymbopogon flexuosus), and palmarosa(Cymbopogon martini), compared with a traditional field crop, finger millet(Eleusine coracana)grown at three land slopes(4%, 8%, and 12%). It was observed that the degree of slope and type of grass both significantly influenced runoff generation. Runoff and sediment yield(SY) were significantly higher at 12% slope than at 8% and 4% slopes. Relation between rainfall and runoff were significant for all the grass species(p < 0.05). Palmarosa, lemon, and citronella grass reduced the SY by 10, 54, and 60%,respectively, over finger millet. SY was also significantly related to rainfall for all the treatments(p <0.05). The threshold runoff values to produce SY were higher for aromatic grasses compared to finger millet. Enrichment of clay, silt, sand, soil organic carbon(SOC), available nitrogen(N), phosphorus(P) and potassium(K) in the sediment were not significantly different between slopes but differed significantly between aromatic grasses and finger millet. Sediment associated nutrient load varied inversely with SY mainly because of the nutrient dissolution effect of high runoff volume. Annual loss of SOC and nutrients varied from 84.7-156.8 kg ha^(-1) y^(-1) for SOC, 4.38-9.18 kg ha^(-1) y^(-1) for available N, 0.35-0.75 kg ha^(-1) y^(-1) for available P, and 2.22-5.22 kg ha^(-1) y^(-1) for available K, with the lowest values for citronella and highest for finger millet. The study found that the aromatic grasses have greater environmental conservation values than finger millet on steep degraded land. | Partha Pratim Adhikary Hunsur Chikkanarasimhaiah Hombegowda Dhananjay Barman Madegowda Madhu | 2018 | International Journal of Sediment Research2018，33，3： | 2 |
| 5 | DNA extraction from archived hematoxylin and eosin-stained tissue slides for downstream molecular analysis显示文摘BACKGROUND Histopathologically stained archived tissue slides are stored in hospital archives for years to decades.They are the largest available source of biological materials and are a potentially useful resource that can be used for retrospective epidemiological studies.DNA recovered from the slides can be used for several downstream molecular processes including polymerase chain reaction,single nucleotide polymorphism analysis,and whole genome sequencing.The DNA from these slides can be utilized to compare gene signatures of normal and diseased tissues.However,extraction of high-quality DNA from archived stained hematoxylin and eosin(H&E)slides remains challenging.AIM To standardize a new protocol for extracting DNA from archived H&E-stained tissue slides for further molecular assays.METHODS A total of 100 archived H&E-stained cancer slides were subjected to a total of five methods of DNA extraction.Methods were varied in the deparaffinization step,tissue rehydration,duration of lysis,and presence or absence of proteinase K.The extracted DNA was quantified using a NanoDrop spectrophometer and the quality was analyzed by agarose gel electrophoresis.Then each sample was subjected to polymerase chain reaction(PCR)to amplify the internal control gene GAPDH,thereby confirming the DNA intactness,which could be further utilized for other downstream applications.RESULTS Of the five different methods tested,the third method wherein xylene was used for tissue deparaffinization followed by 72 h of digestion and without proteinase K inactivation yielded the highest amount of DNA with good purity.The yield was significantly higher when compared to other methods.In addition,90%of the extracted DNA showed amplifiable GAPDH gene.CONCLUSION Here we present a step-by-step,cost-effective,and reproducible protocol for the extraction of PCR-friendly DNA from archived H&E-stained cancer tissue slides that can be used for further downstream molecular applications. | Pushkal Sinduvadi Ramesh Venkatesh Madegowda Suprith Kumar Shailashree Narasimha Parichay S R Nandini Nandish Manoli Devananda Devegowda | 2019 | World Journal of Methodology2019，9，3： | 0 |
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