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| 1 | 不同热解温度生物炭对Cd(Ⅱ)的吸附特性显示文摘以花生壳和中药渣为原料,分别于300、350、400、500、600℃下慢速热解制备生物炭,并表征其物理化学性质.研究不同p H、吸附时间和Cd(Ⅱ)浓度下生物炭对Cd(Ⅱ)的吸附特征.结果表明,随着热解温度的升高,生物炭的碳化程度增加,比表面积增大,含氧官能团数量减少,π共轭芳香结构更加完备,Ca和Mg等无机元素不断富集,矿物溶解性降低,导致了Cd(Ⅱ)在不同热解温度生物炭上吸附能力及机制的差异.随溶液p H的升高(2.0~6.0),生物炭对Cd(Ⅱ)的吸附量逐渐增加.吸附过程可分为快吸附和慢吸附两个阶段,吸附速度受膜扩散、颗粒内扩散和沉淀作用、离子交换等过程的控制.随热解温度的升高,快吸附在生物炭对Cd(Ⅱ)的吸附中所占比例逐渐降低.高温生物炭(≥500℃)中含氧官能团的锐减及难溶晶体矿物的形成降低了其对Cd(Ⅱ)的快吸附速率.沉淀和离子交换可能是低温生物炭(≤400℃)吸附Cd(Ⅱ)的主要机制;高温生物炭(≥500℃)中更完备的π共轭芳香结构增加了Cd-π作用对吸附的贡献,而难溶磷酸盐和碳酸盐的形成则降低了沉淀作用对吸附的贡献.这些研究结果为筛选对Cd(Ⅱ)具有高效去除或固持能力的功能生物炭(designer biochar)提供了重要的理论数据. | 王震宇 刘国成 Monica Xing 李锋民 郑浩 | 2014 | 环境科学2014，35，12： | 117 |
| 2 | 3—5岁幼儿自我延迟满足的发展特点及其中澳跨文化比较显示文摘采用实验室实验和情境观察相结合的方法,考察了我国3~5岁幼儿自我延迟满足发展的特点及中澳幼儿自我延迟满足的跨文化差异.研究结果表明:(1)3~5岁幼儿自我延迟满足平均延迟时间随年龄增长而延长;3岁幼儿使用延迟策略少,4岁幼儿主要使用寻求策略,5岁幼儿主要使用寻求策略和自我分心、问题解决策略,自我言语控制策略在整个幼儿期始终不具有显著优势性.(2)澳大利亚幼儿自我延迟满足发展水平高于我国同龄幼儿;在延迟策略选择上中澳幼儿既具有差异性,又具有一定的相似性;文化价值观通过教育影响着幼儿自我延迟满足的发展. | 杨丽珠 王江洋 刘文 Monica Cuskelly Airong Zhang | 2005 | 心理学报2005，37，2： | 52 |
| 3 | Potential beneficial effects of butyrate in intestinal and extraintestinal diseases显示文摘The multiple beneficial effects on human health of the short-chain fatty acid butyrate,synthesized from nonabsorbed carbohydrate by colonic microbiota,are well documented.At the intestinal level,butyrate plays a regulatory role on the transepithelial fluid transport,ameliorates mucosal inflammation and oxidative status,reinforces the epithelial defense barrier,and modulates visceral sensitivity and intestinal motility.In addition,a growing number of studies have stressed the role of butyrate in the prevention and inhibition of colorectal cancer.At the extraintestinal level,butyrate exerts potentially useful effects on many conditions,including hemoglobinopathies,genetic metabolic diseases,hypercholesterolemia,insulin resistance,and ischemic stroke.The mechanisms of action of butyrate are different;many of these are related to its potent regulatory effects on gene expression.These data suggest a wide spectrum of positive effects exerted by butyrate,with a high potential for a therapeutic use in human medicine. | Roberto Berni Canani Margherita Di Costanzo Ludovica Leone Monica Pedata Rosaria Meli Antonio Calignano | 2011 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2011，17，12： | 52 |
| 4 | A community-derived classification for extant lycophytes and ferns显示文摘发展史长通知了蕨类植物分类。当我们推断进化的树的能力改善了,针对认出生来的组的分类变得逐渐地预兆、稳定。这里,我们为 lycophytes 和蕨纲植物提供一个现代、全面分类,在下面,利用一条基于社区的途径类水平。我们 monophyly 用作主要标准让 taxa,而且目的识别保存两个广泛地被接受的存在 taxa 和界限并且与我们蕨类植物发展史的理解一致。总共,这个分类对待一在 337 个类, 51 个家庭, 14 目,和二个班估计了 11 916 种类。这个分类没在 lycophyte 和蕨纲植物上作为最后的词被打算分类,而是当前的假设的概括陈述,源于最好的可得到的数据并且在问题由熟悉植物的那些大多数塑造了。我们希望它将在蕨类植物上为最近的文学的那些想要的参考用作一个资源发展史和分类,为指导未来调查的一个框架,和推进讲话的刺激。 | Eric Schuettpelz Harald Schneider Alan R. Smith Peter Hovenkamp Jefferson Prado Germinal Rouhan Alexandre Salino Michael Sundue Thafs Elias Almeida Barbara Parris Emily B. Sessa Ashley R. Field Andre Luis de Gasper Carl J. Rothfels Michael D. Windham Marcus Lehnert Benjamin Dauphin Atsushi Ebihara Samuli Lehtonen Pedro Bond Schwartsburd Jordan Metzgar Li-Bing Zhang Li-Yaung Kuo Patrick J. Brownsey Masahiro Kato Marcelo Daniel Arana Francine C. Assis Michael S. Barker David S. Barrington Ho-Ming Chang Yi-Han Chang Yi-Shan Chao Cheng-Wei Chen De-Kui Chen Wen-Liang Chiou Vinicius Antonio de Oliveira Dittrich Yi-Fan Duan Jean-Yves Dubuisson Donald R. Farrar Susan Fawcett Jose Maria Gabriel y Galan Luiz Armando de Araujo Goes-Neto Jason R. Grant Amanda L. Grusz Christopher Haufler Warren Hauk Hai He Sabine Hennequin Regina Yoshie Hirai Layne Huiet Michael Kessler Petra Korall Paulo H. Labiak Anders Larsson Blanca Leen Chun-Xiang Li Fay-Wei Li Melanie Link-Perez Hong-Mei Liu Ngan Thi Lu Esteban I. Meza-Torres Xin-Yuan Miao Robbin Moran Claudine Massi Mynssens Nathalie Nagalingum Benjamin Ollgaard Alison M. Paul Jovani B. de S. Pereira Leon R. Perrie Monica Ponce Tom A. Ranker Christian Schulz Wataru Shinohara Alexander Shmakov Erin M. Sigel Filipe Soares de Souza Lana da Silva Sylvestre Weston Testo Luz Amparo Triana-Moreno Chie Tsutsumi Hanna Tuomisto IvAn A. Valdespino Alejandra Vasco Raquel Stauffer Viveros Alan Weakley Ran Wei Stina Weststrand Paul G. Wolf George Yatskievych Xiao-Gang Xu Yue-Hong Yan Liang Zhang Xian-Chun Zhang Xin-Mao Zhou | 2016 | Journal of Systematics and Evolution2016，54，6： | 44 |
| 5 | 紫茎泽兰Eupatorium adenophorum Spreng.在中国入侵分布预测显示文摘原产于墨西哥的紫茎泽兰 Eupatorium adenophorum Spreng.作为一个有害的外来物种在印度、新西兰和澳大利亚生长已有很长时间。在中国 ,尤其是在南方和西南地区其蔓延速度之快 ,带来了不可忽视的经济和社会后果。我们采用了生态位模拟新方法来预测紫茎泽兰可能入侵的范围。据此 ,预测的潜在分布区包括该植物在中国境内已分布的省份及未来华中。 | Monica Papes A.Townsend Peterson | 2003 | 武汉植物学研究2003，21，2： | 41 |
| 6 | 全球生态系统服务与自然资本的价值估算显示文摘编者按:地球上的生态系统是一种复杂的生命支持系统,生态系统对人类的贡献,在生态学研究中经常用“社会效益和经济效益”来表述,是可以用经济价值来估算的。然而,由于其复杂性和不确定性,对这两个效益如何进行估价,一直是困扰生态学家和经济学家的重要问题。Cos... | Robert Costanza Ralph d'Arge Rudolf de Groot Stephen Farber Monica Grasso Bruce Hannon Karin Limburg Shahid Naeem Robert V.O'neill Jose Paruelo Robert G.Raskin Paul Sutton Marjan van den Belt 陶大立(译) | 1999 | 生态学杂志1999，18，2： | 38 |
| 7 | Gallstones in patients with liver cirrhosis:Incidence,etiology,clinical and therapeutical aspects显示文摘Gallstones occur in about one third of the patients having liver cirrhosis.Pigment gallstones are the most frequent type,while cholesterol stones represent about15%of all stones in cirrhotics.Increased secretion of unconjugated bilirubin,increased hydrolysis of conjugated bilirubin in the bile,reduced secretion of bile acids and phospholipds in bile favor pigment lithogenesis in cirrhotics.Gallbladder hypomotility also contributes to lithogenesis.The most recent data regarding risk factors for gallstones are presented.Gallstone prevalence increases with age,with a ratio male/female higher than in the general population.Chronic alcoholism,viral C cirrhosis,and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease are the underlying liver diseases most often associated with gallstones.Gallstones are often asymptomatic,and discovered incidentally.If asymptomatic,expectant management is recommended,as for asymptomatic gallstones in the general population.However,a closer follow-up of these patients is necessary in order to earlier treat symptoms or complications.For symptomatic stones,laparoscopic cholecystectomy has become the therapy of choice.Child-Pugh class and MELD score are the best predictors of outcome after cholecystectomy.Patients with severe liver disease are at highest surgical risk,therefore gallstone complications should be treated using noninvasive or minimally invasive procedures,until stabilization of the patient condition. | Monica Acalovschi | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，23： | 39 |
| 8 | Introducing an enhanced recovery after surgery program in colorectal surgery:A single center experience显示文摘AIM:To study the implementation of an enhanced recovery after surgery(ERAS)program at a large University Hospital from'pilot study'to'standard of care'.METHODS:The study was designed as a prospective single centre cohort study.A prospective evaluation of compliance to a protocol based on full application of all ERAS principles,through the progressive steps of its implementation,was performed.Results achieved in the initial pilot study conducted by a dedicated team(n=47)were compared to those achieved in the shared protocol phase(n=143)three years later.Outcomes were length of postoperative hospital stay,readmission rate,compliance to the protocol and morbidity.Primary endpoint was the description of the results and the identification of critical issues of large scale implementation of an ERAS program in colorectal surgery emerged in the experience of a single center.Secondary endpoint was the identification of interventions that have been proven to be effective for facilitating the transition from traditional care pathways to a multimodal management protocol according to ERAS principles in colorectal surgery at a single center.RESULTS:During the initial pilot study(March 2009 to December 2010;47 patients)conducted by a dedicated multidisciplinary team,compliance to the items of ERAS protocol was 93%,with a median length of hospital stay(LOS)of 3 d.Early anastomotic fistulas were observed in 2 cases(4.2%),which required reoperation(Clavien-Dindo gradeⅢb).None of the patients had been discharged before the onset of the complication,which could therefore receive prompt treatment.There were also four(8.5%)minor complications(ClavienDindo gradeⅡ).Thirty days readmission rate was 4%.Perioperative mortality was nil.After implementation of the protocol throughout the Hospital in unselected patients(May 2012 to December 2012;147 patients)compliance was 74%,with a median LOS of 6 d.Early anastomotic fistulas were observed in 11 cases(7.7%),5(3.5%)of which required reoperation(Clavien-Dindo gradeⅢb).Two early anastomotic fistulas were treated by radiologic/endoscopic manoeuvres and 4 were treated conservatively.There were also 36(25.2%)minor complications,21(14.7%)of which were Clavien-Dindo gradeⅡand 15(10.5%)of which were Clavien-Dindo gradeⅠ.Only two patients whose course was adversely affected by the development of an anastomotic leak had been discharged before the onset of the complication itself,requiring readmission.Readmission rate within 30 d was 4%.Perioperative mortality was 1%.CONCLUSION:Our results confirm that introduction of an ERAS protocol for colorectal surgery allows quickerpostoperative recovery and shortens the length of stay compared to historical series. | Stefano Bona Mattia Molteni Riccardo Rosati Ugo Elmore Pietro Bagnoli Roberta Monzani Monica Caravaca Marco Montorsi | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，46： | 30 |
| 9 | Is ARFI elastography reliable for predicting fibrosis severity in chronic HCV hepatitis?显示文摘AIM:To determine whether acoustic radiation force impulse(ARFI) elastography is a reliable method for predicting fibrosis severity in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus(HCV) hepatitis.METHODS:We performed a multicenter study including 274 subjects with HCV chronic hepatitis in which we compared ARFI with liver biopsy(LB).In each patient we performed LB(evaluated according to the Metavir score) and ARFI measurements(using a Siemens Acuson S2000TM ultrasound system:10 valid measurements were performed and median values were calculated and expressed in meters/second(m/s).RESULTS:A direct,strong,correlation(Spearman r = 0.707) was found between ARFI measurements and fibrosis(P < 0.0001).For predicting the presence of fibrosis(F ≥ 1 Metavir),significant fibrosis(F ≥ 2),severe fibrosis(F ≥ 3) and cirrhosis(F = 4),the cutoff values of 1.19,1.21,1.58 and 1.82 m/s were determined,respectively,liver stiffness measurements had 73%,84%,84% and 91% Se respectively;93%,91%,94%,90% Sp,respectively;with AUROCs of 0.880,0.893,0.908 and 0.937,respectively.CONCLUSION:ARFI measurement is a reliable method for predicting the severity of fibrosis in HCV | Ioan Sporea Roxana Sirli Simona Bota Carmen Fierbinteanu-Braticevici Alina Popescu Radu Badea Monica Lupsor Ana Petrisor Mirela Dnil | 2011 | World Journal of Radiology2011，3，7： | 24 |
| 10 | Low-volume plus ascorbic acid vs high-volume plus simethicone bowel preparation before colonoscopy显示文摘AIM:To investigate the effectiveness of low-volumeplus ascorbic acid [polyethylene glycol plus ascorbicacid(PEG + Asc) ] and high-volume plus simethicone[polyethylene glycol plus simethicone(PEG + Sim) ]bowel preparations.METHODS:A total of one hundred and forty-fourout patients(76 males) ,aged from 20 to 84 years(me-dian age 59.5 years) ,who attended our Department,were divided into two groups,age and sex matched,and underwent colonoscopy. Two questionnaires,onefor patients reporting acceptability and the other forendoscopists evaluating bowel cleansing effectivenes saccording to validated scales,were completed. Indications,timing of examination and endoscopical findings were recorded. Biopsy forceps were used as a measuring tool in order to determine polyp endoscopic sizeestimation. Difficulty in completing the preparation wasrated in a 5-point Likert scale(1 = easy to 5 = un-able) . Adverse experiences(fullness,cramps,nausea,vomiting,ab dominal pain,headache and insomnia) ,number of evacuations and types of activities performed during preparation(walking or resting in bed) were also investigated.RESULTS:Seventy-two patients were selected for eachgroup. The two groups were age and sex matched aswell as being comparable in terms of medical historyand drug therapies taken. Fourteen patients droppedout from the trial because they did not complete the preparation procedure. Ratings of global bowel cleansing examinations were considered to be adequate in91% of PEG + Asc and 88% of PEG + Sim patients.Residual Stool Score indicated similar levels of amountand consistency of residual stool;there was a significant difference in the percentage of bowel wall visuali-zation in favour of PEG + Sim patients. In the PEG +Sim group,12 adenomas ≤ 10 mm diameter(5/left co-lon + 7/right colon) vs 9(8/left colon + 1/right colon) in the PEG + Asc group were diagnosed. Visualization of small lesions seems to be one of the primary advantages of the PEG + Sim preparation.CONCLUSION:PEG + Asc is a good alternative solution as a bowel preparation but more improvements arenecessary in order to achieve the target of a perfect preparation. | Stefano Pontone Rita Angelini Monica Standoli Gregorio Patrizi Franco Culasso Paolo Pontone Adriano Redler | 2011 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2011，17，42： | 22 |
| 11 | Intraductal papillary neoplasm of the bile ducts: A case report and literature review显示文摘Intraductal papillary neoplasm of the bile duct(IPNB) is a rare bile duct neoplasm mostly found in far eastern nations where hepatolithiasis and clonorchiasis infections are endemic. In western countries,it is very rare and the etiology is unknown. In this article,we report the first IPNB patient we encountered in our clinic and a literature review. The patient is a 38-yearold female with a history of choledocholithiasis who presented with obstructive jaundice. She was found to have a papillary mass at the junction of the right hepatic duct and common hepatic duct with six masses in the liver parenchyma. The immunophenotypic and histologic features of the tumor are consistent with IPNB,gastric subtype. The patient had a partial hepatectomy and has been receiving palliative chemotherapy. In a search of Pub Med database,we collected 354 IPNB patients reported in 22 articles. In these patients,52.8% were from Japan and 27.7% were from western countries including the United States(11.0%). The age of the patients ranged from 35 to 80 years old with an average of 64.6. Male/female ratio was 1.5. Macroscopically,57.5% of the tumors were in the left lobe and 29.5% were in the right lobe. The average size of the tumor were 4.2 cm at the time of diagnosis. Histologically,pancreato-biliary subtype accounted for 41.8%,intestinal 28.0%,gastric 13.5% and oncocytic 16%. An invasive component is most often present in the pancreato-biliary and gastric subtypes. Despite recent advanced technologies,diagnosis of IPNB is still challenging,especially in western countries due to its rarity. Defined clinicopathologic features are in demand for the accurate diagnosis and proper treatment. | Yaohong Tan Clara Milikowski Yanelba Toribio Adam Singer Claudia P Rojas Monica T Garcia-Buitrago | 2015 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2015，21，43： | 19 |
| 12 | Role of live microbial feed supplements with reference to anaerobic fungi in ruminant productivity: A review显示文摘To keep the concept of a safe food supply to the consumers, animal feed industries world over are showing an increasing interest in the direct-fed microbials(DFM) for improved animal performance in terms of growth or productivity. This becomes all the more essential in a situation, where a number of the residues of antibiotics and/or other growth stimulants reach in milk and meat with a number of associated potential risks for the consumers. Hence, in the absence of growth stimulants, a positive manipulation of the rumen microbial ecosystem to enhance the feedstuff utilization for improved production efficiency by ruminants has become of much interest to the researchers and entrepreneurs. A few genera of live microbes(i.e., bacteria, fungi and yeasts in different types of formulations from paste to powder) are infrequently used as DFM for the domestic ruminants. These DFM products are live microbial feed supplements containing naturally occurring microbes in the rumen. Among different DFM possibilities, anaerobic rumen fungi(ARF) based additives have been found to improve ruminant productivity consistently during feeding trials. Administration of ARF during the few trials conducted, led to the increased weight gain, milk production, and total tract digestibility of feed components in ruminants. Anaerobic fungi in the rumen display very strong cell-wall degrading cellulolytic and xylanolytic activities through rhizoid development, resulting in the physical disruption of feed structure paving the way for bacterial action. Significant improvements in the fiber digestibility were found to coincide with increases in ARF in the rumen indicating their role. Most of the researches based on DFM have indicated a positive response in nutrient digestion and methane reducing potential during in vivo and/or in vitro supplementation of ARF as DFM. Therefore, DFM especially ARF will gain popularity but it is necessary that all the strains are thoroughly studied for their beneficial properties to have a confirmed ‘generally regarded as safe' status for ruminants. | Anil K Puniya Abdelfattah Z M Salem Sanjay Kumar Sumit S Dagar Gareth W Griffith Monica Puniya Sreenivas R Ravella Nikhil Kumar Tejpal Dhewa Ravinder Kumar | 2015 | Journal of Integrative Agriculture2015，14，3： | 17 |
| 13 | Preventative effects of a probiotic, Lactobacillus salivarius ssp. salivarius, in the TNBS model of rat colitis显示文摘AIM: To investigate the intestinal anti-inflammatory effect and mechanism of a probiotic Lactobacillus sakuvarius ssp.salivariusCECT5713 in the TNBS model of rat colitis.METHODS: Female Wistar rats (180-200 g) were used in this study. A group of rats were administered orally the probiotic L. salivarius ssp. salivarius (5×108 CFU suspended in 0.5 mL of skimmed milk) daily for 3 wk. Two additional groups were used for reference, a non-colitic and a control colitic without probiotic treatment, which received orally the vehicle used to administer the probiotic. Two weeks after starting the experiment, the rats were rendered colitic by intracolonic administration of 10 mg of TNBS dissolved in 0.25 mL of 500 mL/L ethanol. One week after colitis induction, all animals were killed and colonic damage was evaluated both histologically and biochemically. The biochemical studies performed in colonic homogenates include determination of myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity,glutathione (GSH) content, leukotriene B4 (LTB4) and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) levels, as well as inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression. In addition, the luminal contents obtained from colonic samples were used for microbiological studies, in order to determine Lactobacilli and Bifidobacteria counts.RESULTS: Treatment of colitic rats with L. salivarius ssp.salivarius resulted in amelioration of the inflammatory response in colitic rats, when compared with the corresponding control group without probiotic treatment. This antiinflammatory effect was evidenced macroscopically by a significant reduction in the extent of colonic necrosis and/or inflammation induced by the administration of TNBS/ethanol (2.3+0.4 cm vs3.4+0.3 cm in control group,P<0.01) and histologically by improvement of the colonic architecture associated with a reduction in the neutrophil infiltrate in comparison with non-treated colitic rats. The latter was confirmed biochemically by a significant reduction of colonic MPO activity (105.3+26.0 U/g vs180.6±21.9 U/g, P<0.05), a marker of neutrophil infiltration. The beneficial effect was associated with an increase of the colonic GSH content (1 252±42 nmol/g vs 1 087+51 nmol/g, P<0.05),which is depleted in colitic rats, as a consequence of the oxidative stress induced by the inflammatory process. In addition, the treatment of colitic rats with L. salivarius resulted in a significant reduction of colonic TNF-α levels (509.4±68.2 pg/g vs782.9±60.1 pglg, P<0.01) and in a lower colonic iNOS expression, when compared to TNBS control animals without probiotic administration. Finally,treated colitic rats showed higher counts of Lactobacilli species in colonic contents than control colitic rats, whereas no differences were observed in Bifidobacteria counts.CONCLUSION: Administration of the probiotic L. salivarius ssp. salivarius CECT5713 facilitates the recovery of the inflamed tissue in the TNBS model of rat colitis, an effect associated with amelioration of the production of some of the mediators involved in the inflammatory response in the intestine, such as cytokines, including TNF-α and NO. This beneficial effect could be ascribed to its effect on the altered immune response that occurs in this inflammatory condition. | Laura Peran Desiree Camuesco Monica Comalada Ana Nieto Angel Concha Maria Paz Diaz-Ropero Monica Olivares Jordi Xaus Antonio Zarzuelo Julio Galvez | 2005 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2005，11，33： | 17 |
| 14 | The Immune System and the Role of Inflammation in Perinatal Depression显示文摘Major depression during pregnancy is a common psychiatric disorder that arises from a complex and multifactorial etiology. Psychosocial stress, sex, hormones, and genetic vulnerability increase the risk for triggering mood disorders. Microglia and toll-like receptor 4 play a crucial role in triggering wide and varied stress-induced responses mediated through activation of the inflammasome; this leads to the secretion of inflammatory cytokines, increased serotonin metabolism, and reduction of neurotransmitter availability along with hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis hyperactivity. Dysregulation of this intricate neuroimmune communication network during pregnancy modifies the maternal milieu, enhancing the emergence of depressive symptoms and negative obstetric and neuropsychiatric outcomes. Although several studies have clearly demonstrated the role of the innate immune system in major depression, it is still unclear how the placenta, the brain, and the monoaminergic and neuroendocrine systems interact during perinatal depression. Thus, in the present review we describe the cellular and molecular interactions between these systems in major depression during pregnancy, proposing that the same stress-related mechanisms involved in the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome in microglia and peripheral myeloid cells in depressed patients operate in a similar fashion in the neuroimmune placenta during perinatal depression. Thus, activation of Toll-like receptor 2 and 4 signaling and the NLRP3 inflammasome in placental immune cells may promote a shift of the Th1/Th2 bias towards a predominant Th1/Th17 inflammatory response, associated with increased secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines, among other secreted autocrine and paracrine mediators, which play a crucial role in triggering and/or exacerbating depressive symptoms during pregnancy. | Philippe Leff-Gelman Ismael Mancilla-Herrera Monica Flores-Ramos Carlos Cruz-Fuentes Juan Pablo Reyes-Grajeda maría del pilar garcía-cuétara Marielle Danitza Bugnot-Perez David Ellioth Pulido-Ascencio | 2016 | Neuroscience Bulletin2016，32，4： | 17 |
| 15 | 精子DNA损伤的机制和临床应用显示文摘在男性配子各种不同的DNA异常中,DNA断裂最为常见,尤其是在不育症患者中。目前越来越多的研究表明,DNA断裂并不显著影响精子细胞的存活率、活动率、形态以及与卵细胞的结合能力。研究还证明,卵母细胞在一定程度上可以修复受损的DNA,其修复程度依赖于精子细胞DNA的损伤类型和卵母细胞的质量。因此,研究精子DNA断裂(SDF)在自然分娩或辅助生殖技术助孕中对胚胎发育、胚胎着床、妊娠结果、子代健康的影响变得非常重要。至今,针对SDF对生殖的影响的研究极少,且研究报道的结论很不一致。导致这种不一致的原因可能与检测SDF的手段不同、实验设计不同和精液标本选择标准不同有关。因此,目前还不能确定是否将SDF检测拽术砬用于受精评估和ART技术中。这表明,制定SDF检测技术的标准化方法势在必行,另外关于SDF对ART的影响有必要进行进一步的临床研究。 | Lara Tamburrino Sara Marchiani Margarita Montoya Francesco Elia Marino Ilaria Natali Marta Cambi Gianni Forti Elisabetta Baldi Monica Muratori | 2012 | Asian Journal of Andrology2012，14，1： | 16 |
| 16 | Pharmacogenetic considerations for optimizing tacrolimus dosing in liver and kidney transplant patients显示文摘The introduction of tacrolimus in clinical practice has improved patient survival after organ transplant.However,despite the long use of tacrolimus in clinical practice,the best way to use this agent is still a matter of intense debate.The start of the genomic era has generated new research areas,such as pharmacogenetics,which studies the variability of drug response in relation to the genetic factors involved in the processes responsible for the pharmacokinetics and/or the action mechanism of a drug in the body.This variability seems to be correlated with the presence of genetic polymorphisms.Genotyping is an attractive option especially for the initiation of the dosing of tacrolimus;also,unlike phenotypic tests,the genotype is a stable characteristic that needs to be determined only once for any given gene.However,prospective clinical studies must show that genotype determination before transplantation allows for better use of a given drug and improves the safety and clinical efficacy of that medication.At present,research has been able to reliably show that the CYP3A5 genotype,but not the CYP3A4 or ABCB1 ones,can modify the pharmacokinetics of tacrolimus.However,it has not been possible to incontrovertibly show that the corresponding changes in the pharmacokinetic profile are linked with different patient outcomes regarding tacrolimus efficacy and toxicity.For these reasons,pharmacogenetics and individualized medicine remain a fascinating area for further study and may ultimately become the face of future medical practice and drug dosing. | Alessio Provenzani Andrew Santeusanio Erin Mathis Monica Notarbartolo Manuela Labbozzetta Paola Poma Ambra Provenzani Carlo Polidori Giovanni Vizzini Piera Polidori Natale D'Alessandro | 2013 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2013，19，48： | 15 |
| 17 | Management of pancreatic fluid collections: A comprehensive review of the literature显示文摘Pancreatic fluid collections(PFCs) are a frequent complication of pancreatitis. It is important to classify PFCs to guide management. The revised Atlanta criteria classifies PFCs as acute or chronic, with chronic fluid collections subdivided into pseudocysts and walled-off pancreatic necrosis(WOPN). Establishing adequate nutritional support is an essential step in the management of PFCs. Early attempts at oral feeding can be trialed in patients with mild pancreatitis. Enteral feeding should be implemented in patients with moderate to severe pancreatitis. Jejunal feeding remains the preferred route of enteral nutrition. Symptomatic PFCs require drainage; options include surgical, percutaneous, or endoscopic approaches. With the advent of newer and more advanced endoscopic tools and expertise, and an associated reduction in health care costs, minimally invasive endoscopic drainage has become the preferable approach. An endoscopic ultrasonography-guided approach using a seldinger technique is the preferred endoscopic approach. Both plastic stents and metal stents are efficacious and safe; however, metal stents may offer an advantage, especially in infected pseudocysts and in WOPN. Direct endoscopic necrosectomy is often required in WOPN. Lumen apposing metal stents that allow for direct endoscopic necrosectomy and debridement through the stent lumen are preferred in these patients. Endoscopic retrograde cholangio pancreatography with pancreatic duct(PD) exploration should be performed concurrent to PFC drainage. PD disruption is associated with an increased severity of pancreatitis, an increased risk of recurrent attacks of pancreatitis and long-term complications, and a decreased rate of PFC resolution after drainage. Any pancreatic ductal disruption should be bridged with endoscopic stenting. | Amy Tyberg Kunal Karia Moamen Gabr Amit Desai Rushabh Doshi Monica Gaidhane Reem Z Sharaiha Michel Kahaleh | 2016 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2016，22，7： | 15 |
| 18 | Effect of two different extracts of red maca in male rats with testosterone-induced prostatic hyperplasia显示文摘瞄准:在更男的 ats 决定红 maca 的二篇不同摘录的效果。方法:Prostatic 增生与睾丸激素 enanthate (TE ) 在雄的老鼠被导致。Thestudy 包括了六个组:一个控制组(组 1 ),与 TE (组 2 )对待的一个组,与 TE 对待的二个组和红 maca 的水的摘录(组织 3 和 4 ),一个组对待红 maca (组 5 )的 withhydroalcoholic 摘录,一个组与 finasteride 对待( 0.1 mg , group6 )。在沸腾的时间的长度上的水的摘录依赖者的差别,是否为 2 个 or3 小时,为组, 3 和 4 被估计。红 maca 的摘录包含了 0.1 mg ofbenzylglucosinolate。此后,在红 maca 摘录的 benzylglucosinolates (0.02-0.08 mg ) 的不同剂量的剂量反应效果被估计。结果:前列腺重量在与红 maca 的水的摘录在沸腾的 2 和 3 个小时以后准备了的 freeze-dried 对待的老鼠是类似的。红 maca 的 Freeze-dried 水的摘录,红 maca 和 finasteride 的水疗院酒鬼摘录与职业人员静电干扰增生在老鼠减少了前列腺重量。没有差别在从水的摘录或红 maca 的水疗院酒鬼摘录获得的数据之间被观察。前列腺重量的剂量依赖者减小随红 macaextracts 的 benzylglucosinolates 的剂量的增加被观察。结论:现在的学习在 prostatichyperplasia 被 TE 在导致了的雄的老鼠给那个水疗院酒鬼或红 macacontaining 的水的摘录看了 benzylglucosinolate 罐头还原剂前列腺尺寸的 0.1 mg。 | Gustavo F. Gonzales Vanessa Vasquez Daniella Rodriguez Carmen Maldonado Juliet Mormontoy Jimmy Portella Monica Pajuelo León Villegas Manuel Gasco | 2007 | Asian Journal of Andrology2007，9，2： | 14 |
| 19 | Overview of the phytomedicine approaches against Helicobacter pylori显示文摘Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori)successfully colonizes thehuman stomach of the majority of the human popula-tion.This infection always causes chronic gastritis,butmay evolve to serious outcomes,such as peptic ulcer,gastric carcinoma or mucosa-associated lymphoid tis-sue lymphoma.H.pylori first line therapy recommend-ed by the Maastricht-4 Consensus Report comprises theuse of two antibiotics and a proton-pomp inhibitor,butin some regions failure associated with this treatmentis already undesirable high.Indeed,treatment failure isone of the major problems associated with H.pylori in-fection and is mainly associated with bacterial antibioticresistance.In order to counteract this situation,someeffort has been allocated during the last years in theinvestigation of therapeutic alternatives beyond antibi-otics.These include vaccines,probiotics,photodynamic inactivation and phage therapy,which are briefly revis-ited in this review.A particular focus on phytomedicine,also described as herbal therapy and botanical therapy,which consists in the use of plant extracts for medicinal purposes,is specifically addressed,namely considering its history,category of performed studies,tested com-pounds,active principle and mode of action.The herbs already experienced are highly diverse and usually selected from products with a long history of employ-ment against diseases associated with H.pylori infec-tion from each country own folk medicine.The studies demonstrated that many phytomedicine products have an anti-H.pylori activity and gastroprotective action.Al-though the mechanism of action is far from being com-pletely understood,current knowledge correlates the beneficial action of herbs with inhibition of essential H.pylori enzymes,modulation of the host immune system and with attenuation of inflammation. | Filipa F Vale Monica Oleastro | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，19： | 13 |
| 20 | Genetics of inflammatory bowel disease from multifactorial to monogenic forms显示文摘Inflammatory bowel disease(IBD) is a group of chronic multifactorial disorders. According to a recent study,the number of IBD association loci is increased to 201,of which 37 and 27 loci contribute specifically to the development of Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis respectively. Some IBD associated genes are involved in innate immunity,in the autophagy and in the inflammatory response such as NOD2,ATG16L1 and IL23 R,while other are implicated in immune mediated disease(STAT3) and in susceptibility to mycobacterium infection(IL12B). In case of early onset of IBD(VEO-IBD) within the 6th year of age,the disease may be caused by mutations in genes responsible for severe monogenic disorders such as the primary immunodeficiency diseases. In this review we discuss how these monogenic disorders through different immune mechanisms can similarly be responsible of VEO-IBD phenotype. Moreover we would highlight how the identification of pathogenic genes by Next Generation Sequencing technologies can allow to obtain a rapid diagnosis and to apply specific therapies. | Anna Monica Bianco Martina Girardelli Alberto Tommasini | 2015 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2015，21，43： | 13 |
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