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| 1 | Fermented liquid feed for pigs: an ancient technique for the future显示文摘Fermented liquid feed is feed that has been mixed with water at a ratio ranging from 1:1.5 to 1:4.By mixing with water,lactic acid bacteria and yeasts naturally occurring in the feed proliferate and produce lactic acid,acetic acid and ethanol which reduces the pH of the mixture.This reduction in pH inhibits pathogenic organisms from developing in the feed.In addition,when this low pH mixture is fed,it reduces the pH in the stomach of pigs and prevents the proliferation of pathogens such as coliforms and Salmonella in the gastrointestinal tract.For piglets,the use of fermented liquid feed offers the possibility of simultaneously providing feed and water,which may facilitate an easier transition from sow's milk to solid feed.Secondly,offering properly produced fermented liquid feed may strengthen the role of the stomach as the first line of defense against possible pathogenic infections by lowering the pH in the gastrointestinal tract thereby helping to exclude enteropathogens.Finally,feeding fermented liquid feed to pigs has been shown to improve the performance of suckling pigs,weaner pigs and growing-finishing pigs.In this review,current knowledge about the use of fermented liquid feed in pig diets will be discussed.This will include a discussion of the desirable properties of fermented liquid feed and factors affecting fermentation.In addition,advantages and disadvantages of fermented liquid feed will be discussed including its effects on gastrointestinal health,intestinal pH and the types of bacteria found in the gastrointestinal tract as well as the effects of fermented liquid feeds on pig performance. | Joris AM Missotten Joris Michiels Jeroen Degroote Stefaan De Smet | 2016 | Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology2016，7，1： | 67 |
| 2 | 瑞舒伐他汀对存在亚临床动脉粥样硬化的低危人群颈动脉内膜中层厚度进展的影响——METEOR试验显示文摘背景:动脉粥样硬化往往在机体出现症状之前就已有所进展。目前,我们尚不清楚Framingham风险评分(Framinghaln risk score,FRS)较低的轻中度亚临床动脉粥样硬化中年人群是否能从治疗中获益。
目的:评价为期2年的他汀类药物治疗能否减缓颈动脉内膜中层厚度(carotid intimamedia thickness,CIMT)继续增厚或使粥样斑块消退。
设计、地点及参试者:“瑞舒伐他汀对内膜中层厚度影响的测评研究(Measuring Effects on Intima-Media Thickness:an Evaluation of Rosuvastatin,METEOR)”是2002年8月至2006年5月在美国及欧洲61个基层医疗中心开展的一项随机、双盲、安慰剂对照研究,共纳入984名参试者,有的参试者仅以年龄(平均年龄,57岁)为冠心病的危险因素,有的参试者10年内FRS低于10%、CIMT重庞增厚(1.2~3.5mm)、LDL胆固醇水平有所升高(平均值,154mg/dL)。
干预:参试者服用40mg瑞舒伐他汀或安慰剂。
主要观测指标:12个颈动脉位点最大CIMT的变化率(经B超检测);颈总动脉位点、颈动脉窦位点及颈内动脉位点最大CIMT的变化,颈总动脉位点平均CIMT的变化。仅在瑞舒伐他汀组中评估CIMT的消退情况。
结果:瑞舒伐他汀组参试者LDL胆固醇平均(SD)水平由基线时的155(24.1)mg/dL降至78(27.5)mg/dL,平均降低49%(与安慰剂组相比P〈0.001)。瑞舒伐他汀组12个颈动脉位点最大CIMT的变化值为-0.0014(95%CI,-0.0041~0.0014)mm/y,安慰剂组12个颈动脉位点最大CIMT的变化值为Q0131(95%CI,Q0087~Q0174)mm/y(P〈0.001)。瑞舒伐他汀组颈总动脉位点最大CIMT的变化值为-0.0038(95%CI,-0.0064~-0.0013)mm/y(P〈0.001),颈动脉窦位点最大CIMT的变化值为-0.0040(95%CI,-0.0090~0.0010)mm/y(P〈0.001),颈内动脉位点最大CIMT的变化值为0.0039(95%CI,-0.0009~0.0088)mm/y(P=0.02)。瑞舒伐他汀组颈总动脉位点平均CIMT的变化值为0.0004(95%CI,-0.0011~0.0019)mm/y(P〈0.001)。P值均为与安慰剂组相比。总的来说,瑞舒伐他汀具有良好的耐受性,很少引发严重的心血管不良事件(在2年内有6名参试者[0.86%]出现8起不良事件[1.1%])。
结论:对于FRS低于10%的亚临床动脉粥样硬化中年人群而言,瑞舒伐他汀能够在2年内显著降低最大CIMT的进展速率,与安慰剂相比差异具有统计学显著性。但是,瑞舒伐他汀无法诱导病变消退。今后,我们仍需开展大型远期试验来明确上述研究结果的临床意义. | John R. Crouse Ⅲ Joel S. Raichlen Ward A. Riley Gregory W. Evans Mike K. Palmer Daniel H. O' Leary Diederick E. Grobbee Michiel L. Bots 李军(译) | 2007 | 美国医学会杂志(中文版)2007，26，4： | 44 |
| 3 | 基于生态水文学的黄河口湿地生态需水评价显示文摘根据生态系统保护的要求,以提高生态系统承载力、保护河口生态系统完整性和稳定性为原则,以促进区域生态系统的良性维持为目标,从生物多样性保护的角度,研究确定了23600hm2的黄河三角洲应补水的湿地恢复和保护规模。在此基础上,采用景观生态学的原理和方法,在湿地植物生理学、生态学、水文学研究基础上及遥感和GIS技术的支持下,研究水分—生态耦合作用机理,建立基于生态水文学的黄河口湿地生态需水及评价模型,并运用预案研究方法和景观生态决策支持系统的规划评价思想,预测和评价了黄河口湿地不同补水方案产生的生态效果,重点研究了丹顶鹤、东方白鹳、黑嘴鸥等指示性物种适宜生境条件与湿地补水后的生态格局变化。评价结果表明,黄河三角洲湿地具备东方白鹳及丹顶鹤等保护性鸟类的繁殖和越冬的潜在生境条件,但其生境质量并不十分理想,通过湿地补水,作为珍稀鸟类重要栖息地芦苇湿地面积从现状的10000hm2增加至22000hm2,生态承载力大幅提高;研究在统筹黄河水资源条件、水资源配置工程措施和湿地生态系统综合保护需求后,推荐提出了黄河三角洲湿地恢复和保护的3.5亿m3黄河补水量及补水时期。 | 连煜 王新功 黄翀 刘高焕 王瑞玲 张绍锋 刘月良 Bas Pedroli Michiel van Eupen | 2008 | 地理学报2008，63，5： | 32 |
| 4 | 发展生物燃料乙醇对我国区域农业发展的影响分析显示文摘本文利用“中国农业可持续发展决策支持系统”分析了不同燃料乙醇发展政策可能对我国农产品价格、整体和各区域农业生产及净产值等的影响。研究结果表明:燃料乙醇发展将显著提高能源作物的农产品价格,对农业发展和农民增收将起到积极的促进作用,但对稻谷和小麦等粮食安全有一些负面影响;燃料乙醇发展对不同区域及不同农户的影响有较大差异;多数地区的农业部门都将从中受益,获益的大小主要取决于各地区在种植能源作物上的比较优势。研究也指出,未来的重点应放在非粮作物以及第二代生物燃料乙醇技术上(即用纤维素生产乙醇),并且应该提高在这些方面的科研投资水平。 | 黄季焜 仇焕广 Michiel Keyzer Erika Meng Wim van Veen | 2009 | 经济学(季刊)2009，8，1： | 30 |
| 5 | Contrast-enhanced and targeted ultrasound显示文摘Ultrasonic imaging is becoming the most popular medical imaging modality,owing to the low price per examination and its safety.However,blood is a poor scatterer of ultrasound waves at clinical diagnostic transmit frequencies.For perfusion imaging,markers have been designed to enhance the contrast in B-mode imaging.These so-called ultrasound contrast agents consist of microscopically small gas bubbles encapsulated in biodegradable shells.In this review,the physical principles of ultrasound contrast agent microbubble behavior and their adjustment for drug delivery including sonoporation are described.Furthermore,an outline of clinical imaging applications of contrast-enhanced ultrasound is given.It is a challenging task to quantify and predict which bubble phenomenon occurs under which acoustic condition,and how these phenomena may be utilized in ultrasonic imaging.Aided by high-speed photography,our improved understanding of encapsulated microbubble behavior will lead to more sophisticated detection and delivery techniques.More sophisticated methods use quantitative approaches to measure the amount and the time course of bolus or reperfusion curves,and have shown great promise in revealing effective tumor responses to anti-angiogenic drugs in humans before tumor shrinkage occurs.These are beginning to be accepted into clinical practice.In the long term,targeted microbubbles for molecular imaging and eventually for directed anti-tumor therapy are expected to be tested. | Michiel Postema Odd Helge Gilja | 2011 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2011，17，1： | 22 |
| 6 | Association between heat stress and oxidative stress in poultry;mitochondrial dysfunction and dietary interventions with phytochemicals显示文摘Heat as a stressor of poultry has been studied extensively for many decades; it affects poultry production on a worldwide basis and has significant impact on well-being and production. More recently, the involvement of heat stress in inducing oxidative stress has received much interest. Oxidative stress is defined as the presence of reactive species in excess of the available antioxidant capacity of animal cells. Reactive species can modify several biologically cellular macromolecules and can interfere with cell signaling pathways. Furthermore, during the last decade, there has been an ever-increasing interest in the use of a wide array of natural feed-delivered phytochemicals that have potential antioxidant properties for poultry. In light of this, the current review aims to(1) summarize the mechanisms through which heat stress triggers excessive superoxide radical production in the mitochondrion and progresses into oxidative stress,(2) illustrate that this pathophysiology is dependent on the intensity and duration of heat stress,(3) present different nutritional strategies for mitigation of mitochondrial dysfunction, with particular focus on antioxidant phytochemicals.Oxidative stress that occurs with heat exposure can be manifest in all parts of the body; however, mitochondrial dysfunction underlies oxidative stress. In the initial phase of acute heat stress, mitochondrial substrate oxidation and electron transport chain activity are increased resulting in excessive superoxide production. During the later stage of acute heat stress, down-regulation of avian uncoupling protein worsens the oxidative stress situation causing mitochondrial dysfunction and tissue damage. Typically, antioxidant enzyme activities are upregulated. Chronic heat stress, however, leads to downsizing of mitochondrial metabolic oxidative capacity, up-regulation of avian uncoupling protein, a clear alteration in the pattern of antioxidant enzyme activities, and depletion of antioxidant reserves.Some phytochemicals, such as various types of flavonoids and related compounds, were shown to be beneficial in chronic heat-stressed poultry, but were less or not effective in non-heat-stressed counterparts. This supports the contention that antioxidant phytochemicals have potential under challenging conditions. Though substantial progress has been made in our understanding of the association between heat stress and oxidative stress, the means by which phytochemicals can alleviate oxidative stress have been sparsely explored. | Abdollah Akbarian Joris Michiels Jeroen Degroote Maryam Majdeddin Abolghasem Golian Stefaan De Smet | 2017 | Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology2017，8，1： | 21 |
| 7 | Improving the outcomes in gastric cancer surgery显示文摘Gastric cancer remains a significant health problem worldwide and surgery is currently the only potentially curative treatment option. Gastric cancer surgery is generally considered to be high risk surgery and fiveyear survival rates are poor,therefore a continuous strive to improve outcomes for these patients is warranted. Fortunately,in the last decades several potential advances have been introduced that intervene at various stages of the treatment process. This review provides an overview of methods implemented in pre-,intra- and postoperative stage of gastric cancer surgery to improve outcome. Better preoperative risk assessment using comorbidity index(e.g.,Charlson comorbidity index),assessment of nutritional status(e.g.,short nutritional assessment questionnaire,nutritional risk screening- 2002) and frailty assessment(Groningen frailty indicator,Edmonton frail scale,Hopkins frailty) was introduced. Also preoperative optimization of patients using prehabilitation has future potential.Implementation of fast-track or enhanced recovery after surgery programs is showing promising results,although future studies have to determine what the exact optimal strategy is.Introduction of laparoscopic surgery has shown improvement of results as well as optimization of lymph node dissection.Hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy has not shown to be beneficial in peritoneal metastatic disease thus far.Advances in postoperative care include optimal timing of oral diet,which has been shown to reduce hospital stay.In general,hospital volume,i.e.,centralization,and clinical audits might further improve the outcome in gastric cancer surgery.In conclusion,progress has been made in improving the surgical treatment of gastric cancer.However,gastric cancer treatment is high risk surgery and many areas for future research remain. | Juul JW Tegels Michiel FG De Maat Karel WE Hulsewé Anton GM Hoofwijk Jan HMB Stoot | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，38： | 16 |
| 8 | Carotid Intima-media Thickness Measurements: Relations with Atherosclerosis, Risk of Cardiovascular Disease and Application in Randomized Controlled Trials显示文摘INTRODUCTION Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death worldwide and contributes considerably to morbidity[1-3] The underlying cause is atherosclerosis.[4] The development of new preventive therapies is one of the steps to control the CVD epidemic.It is increasingly demanded that promising therapies be evaluated in trials using cardiovascular (CV) morbidity and mortality (M and M) as a primary outcome.[5] | Michiel L Bots Gregory W Evans Charles H Tegeler Rudy Meijer | 2016 | Chinese Medical Journal2016，，2： | 15 |
| 9 | Diagnosis of deep vein thrombosis,and prevention of deep vein thrombosis recurrence and the post-thrombotic syndrome in the primary care medicine setting anno 2014显示文摘The requirement for a safe diagnostic strategy of deep vein thrombosis(DVT) should be based on an overall objective post incidence of venous thromboembolism(VTE) of less than 1% during 3 mo fol low-up. Compression ultrasonography(CUS) of the leg veins has a negative predictive value(NPV) of 97%-98% indicating the need of repeated CUS testing within one week. A negative ELISA VIDAS safely excludes DVT and VTE with a NPV between 99% and 100% at a low clinical score of zero. The combination of low clinical score and a less sensitive D-dimer test(Simplify) is not sensitive enough to exclude DVT and VTE in routine daily practice. From prospective clinical research studies it may be concluded that complete recanalization within 3-6 mo and no reflux is associated with a low or no risk of PTS obviating the need of MECS 6 mo after DVT. Partial and complete recanalization after 6 to more than 12 mo is usually complicated by reflux due to valve destruction and symptomatic PTS. Reflux seems to be a main determinant for PTS and DVT recurrence, the latter as a main contributing factor in worsening PTS. This hypothesis is supported by the relation between the persistent residual vein thrombosis(RVT = partial recanalization) and the risk of VTE recurrence in prospective studies. Absence of RVT at 3 mo postDVT and no reflux is predicted to be associated with no recurrence of DVT(1.2%) during follow-up obviating the need of wearing medical elastic stockings and anticoagulation at 6 mo post-DVT. The presence or absence of RVT but with reflux at or after 6 mo postDVT is associated with both symptomatic PTS and an increased risk of VTE recurrence in about one third in the post-DVT period after regular discontinuation of anticoagulant treatment. To test this hypothesis we designed a prospective DVT and postthrombotic syndrome(PTS) Bridging the Gap Study by addressing at least four unanswered questions in the treatment ofDVT and PTS.Which DVT patient has a clear indication for long-term compression stocking therapy to prevent PTS after the initial anticoagulant treatment in the acute phase of DVT?Is 6 mo the appropriate point in time to determine candidates at risk to develop DVT recurrence and PTS?Which high risk symptomatic PTS patients need extended anticoagulant treatment? | Jan Jacques Michiels Janneke Maria Michiels Wim Moossdorff Mildred Lao Hanny Maasland Gualtiero Palareti | 2015 | World Journal of Critical Care Medicine2015，4，1： | 14 |
| 10 | 超级热凝胶的甲基纤维素在食品中的应用显示文摘甲基纤维素以天然纤维素为原料,以甲氧基取代纤维素中的无水葡萄糖单元上羟基的形成的一类非离子型纤维素醚,具有保水、增稠、乳化、成膜、适应pH范围广及表面活性等功能,其最为特殊的是热可逆凝胶性,即其水溶液在加热情况下形成凝胶,当冷却时又变回溶液,广泛应用于烘焙食品、油炸食品、甜点、调味酱、汤、饮料、香精和糖果中。甲基纤维素中的超级凝胶具有比常规甲基纤维素热凝胶三倍以上的凝胶强度,具备了超强的黏附性能,保水和保型性能。它可以使重组成型类食品在加热时和加热后更长时间地保持食品所需的结实质构和多汁的口感。其典型应用有速冻食品、素食制品、重组肉、鱼和海鲜制品和低脂香肠。 | 颜正勇 孙子重 Wendy Soo Cecelia Kong Michiel Van Genugten | 2012 | 中国食品添加剂2012，，S1： | 8 |
| 11 | Prevalence of the Metabolic Syndrome Among Employees in Northeast China显示文摘 | Xin Wang Fang Yang Michiel L Bots Wei.Ying Guo Bing Zhao Arno W Hoes Ilonca Vaartjes | 2015 | Chinese Medical Journal2015，，15： | 6 |
| 12 | Aspirin responsive platelet thrombophilia in essential thrombocythemia and polycythemia vera显示文摘Essential thrombocythemia(ET) and polycythemia vera(PV) frequently present with erythromelalgia and acrocyanotic complications, migraine-like microvascular cerebral and ocular transient ischemic attacks(MIAs) and/or acute coronary disease. The spectrum of MIAs in ET range from poorly localized symptoms of transient unsteadiness, dysarthria and scintillating scotoma to focal symptoms of transient monocular blindness, transient mono- or hemiparesis or both. The attacks all have a sudden onset, occur sequentially rather than simultaneously, last for a few seconds to several minutes and are usually associated with a dull, pulsatile or migraine-like headache. Increased hematocrit and blood viscosity in PV patients aggravate the microvascular ischemic syndrome of thrombocythemia to major arterial and venous thrombotic complications. Phlebotomy to correct hematocrit to normal in PV significantly reduces major arterial and venous thrombotic complications, but fails to prevent the platelet-mediated erythromelalgia and MIAs. Complete long-term relief of the erythromelalgic microvascular disturbances, MIAs and major thrombosis in ET and PV patients can be obtained with low dose aspirin and platelet reduction to normal, but not with anticoagulation. Skin punch biopsies from the erythromelalgic area show fibromuscular intimal proliferation of arterioles complicated by occlusive plateletrich thrombi leading to acrocyanotic ischemia. Symptomatic ET patients with erythromelalgic microvascular disturbances have shortened platelet survival, increased platelet activation markers β-thromboglobulin(β-TG), platelet factor 4(PF4) and thrombomoduline(TM), increased urinary thromboxane B2(TXB2) excretion, and no activation of the coagulation markers thrombin fragments F1+2 and fibrin degradation products. Inhibition of platelet cyclooxygenase(COX1) by aspirin is followed by the disappearance and no recurrence of microvascular disturbances, increase in platelet number, correction of the shortened platelet survival times to normal, and reduction of increased plasma levels of β-TG, PF4, TM and urinary TXB2 excretion to normal. These results indicate that platelet-mediated fibromuscular intimal proliferation and platelet-rich thrombi in the peripheral, cerebral and coronary end-arterial microvasculature are responsible for the erythromelalgic ischemic complica-tions, MIAs and splanchnic vein thrombosis. Baseline platelet P-selectin levels and arachidonic acid induced COX1 mediated platelet activation showed a highly significant increase of platelet P-selectin expression(not seen in ADP and collagen stimulated platelets), which was significantly higher in JAK2V617 F mutated compared to JAK2 wild type ET. | Jan Jacques Michiels Fibo WJ Ten Kate Peter J Koudstaal Perry JJ Van Genderen | 2013 | World Journal of Hematology2013，2，2： | 4 |
| 13 | A demonstration project of Global Alliance against Chronic Respiratory Diseases:Prediction of interactions between air pollution and allergen exposure—the Mobile Airways Sentinel NetworK-Impact of air POLLution on Asthma and Rhinitis approach显示文摘This review analyzes the state and recent progress in the field of information support for pollen allergy sufferers.For decades,information available for the patients and allergologists consisted of pollen counts,which are vital but insufficient.New technology paves the way to substantial increase in amount and diversity of the data.This paper reviews old and newly suggested methods to predict pollen and air pollutant concentrations in the air and proposes an allergy risk concept,which combines the pollen and pollution information and transforms it into a qualitative risk index.This new index is available in an app(Mobile Airways Sentinel NetworK-air)that was developed in the frame of the European Union grant Impact of Air POLLution on sleep,Asthma and Rhinitis(a project of European Institute of Innovation and Technology-Health).On-going transformation of the pollen allergy information support is based on new technological solutions for pollen and air quality monitoring and predictions.The new information-technology and artificial-intelligence-based solutions help to convert this information into easy-to-use services for both medical practitioners and allergy sufferers. | Mikhail Sofiev Yuliia Palamarchuk Annabelle Bedard Xavier Basagana Josep M.Anto Rostislav Kouznetsov Rodrigo Delgado Urzua Karl Christian Bergmann Joao A.Fonseca Govert De Vries Michiel Van Erd Isabella Annesi-Maesano Daniel Laune Jean Louis Pepin Ingrid Jullian-Desayes Stephane Zeng Wienczyslawa Czarlewski Jean Bousquet | 2020 | Chinese Medical Journal2020，，13： | 3 |
| 14 | Disease-Free Survival as a Surrogate for Overall Survival in Adjuvant Trials of Gastric Cancer: A Meta-Analysis显示文摘 | Koji Oba Xavier Paoletti Steven Alberts Yung-Jue Bang Jacqueline Benedetti Harry Bleiberg Paul Catalano Florian Lordick Stefan Michiels Satoshi Morita Yasuo Ohashi Jean-pierre Pignon Philippe Rougier Mitsuru Sasako Junichi Sakamoto Daniel Sargent Kohei Sh | 2013 | JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute2013，，21： | 3 |
| 15 | European vs 2015-World Health Organization clinical molecular and pathological classification of myeloproliferative neoplasms显示文摘The BCR/ABL fusion gene or the Ph^1-chromosome in the t(9;22)(q34;q11)exerts a high tyrokinase acticity,which is the cause of chronic myeloid leukemia(CML).The1990 Hannover Bone Marrow Classification separated CML from the myeloproliferative disorders essential thrombocythemia(ET),polycythemia vera(PV)and chronic megakaryocytic granulocytic myeloproliferation(CMGM).The 2006-2008 European Clinical Molecular and Pathological(ECMP)criteria discovered 3variants of thrombocythemia:ET with features of PV(prodromal PV),'true'ET and ET associated with CMGM.The 2008 World Health Organization(WHO)-ECMP and 2014 WHO-CMP classifications defined three phenotypes of JAK2^(V617F)mutated ET:normocellular ET(WHO-ET),hypercelluar ET due to increased erythropoiesis(prodromal PV)and ET with hypercellular megakaryocytic-granulocytic myeloproliferation.The JAK2^(V617F)mutation load in heterozygous WHO-ET is low and associated with normal life expectance.The hetero/homozygous JAK2^(V617F)mutation load in PV and myelofibrosis is related to myeloproliferative neoplasm(MPN)disease burden in terms of symptomaticsplenomegaly,constitutional symptoms,bone marrow hypercellularity and myelofibrosis.JAK2 exon 12mutated MPN presents as idiopathic eryhrocythemia and early stage PV.According to 2014 WHO-CMP criteria JAK2 wild type MPL^(515)mutated ET is the second distinct thrombocythemia featured by clustered giant megakaryocytes with hyperlobulated stag-horn-like nuclei,in a normocellular bone marrow consistent with the diagnosis of'true'ET.JAK2/MPL wild type,calreticulin mutated hypercellular ET appears to be the third distinct thrombocythemia characterized by clustered larged immature dysmorphic megakaryocytes and bulky(bulbous)hyperchromatic nuclei consistent with CMGM or primary megakaryocytic granulocytic myeloproliferation. | Jan Jacques Michiels Fransje Valster Jenne Wielenga Katrien Schelfout Hendrik De Raeve | 2015 | World Journal of Hematology2015，4，3： | 3 |
| 16 | Gricean and Confucian Pragmatics:A Contrastive Analysis显示文摘A contrastive study confronting the influential paradigm of Gricean pragmatics with Confucius’ rather less well-known doctrines on language and language usage may explicate the hidden assumptions in both, and suggest new lines of research. Grice’s famous account of conversational implicature not only assumes speaker’s intentions (that is, private mental states) as basic explanatory notions; it also appears to rely on strong assumptions about speaker’s agency, and about communication as normally or essentially cooperative and power-free. In other words, Grice presumes both methodological individualism and what we may call a social contract view of communication. The Confucian Analects share neither of these assumptions. They attach little importance to the inner, and even less to mental states as explanatory notions. They do not assume individual actors’ agency to be given or primitive, and do not take language to be consensual or contractual in nature. Instead, the famous doctrine of the ‘correction of names’ (正名) displays an articulate awareness of both the performative dimensions of communication and the role of authority or power in it: in correcting names, the ruler constitutes the very social realities he is describing, and the social roles (and by extension, the very personalities or subjectivities) of the persons he is naming. When contrasted with the Gricean framework, Confucian pragmatics allows for a more radical questioning of, among others, the role of speaker’s intentions in explaining communication; the relation between literal and figurative usage; and strategies and aims of indirect language usage. The absence of any appeal to the law and to any universal or codified rules of correct language usage in Confucius also opens up new dimensions for the discussion of linguistic normativity. Finally, a contrastive study raises questions about the variable interrelationship between folk theories or language ideologies and linguistic practices. | Michiel Leezenberg | 2006 | 外国语2006，29，6： | 3 |
| 17 | Parkinson’s disease-associated VPS35 mutant reduces mitochondrial membrane potential and impairs PINK1/Parkinmediated mitophagy显示文摘Background:Mitochondrial dysfunction plays a prominent role in the pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease(PD),and several genes linked to familial PD,including PINK1(encoding PTEN-induced putative kinase 1[PINK1])and PARK2(encoding the E3 ubiquitin ligase Parkin),are directly involved in processes such as mitophagy that maintain mitochondrial health.The dominant p.D620N variant of vacuolar protein sorting 35 ortholog(VPS35)gene is also associated with familial PD but has not been functionally connected to PINK1 and PARK2.Methods:To better mimic and study the patient situation,we used CRISPR-Cas9 to generate heterozygous human SH-SY5Y cells carrying the PD-associated D620N variant of VPS35.These cells were treated with a protonophore carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone(CCCP)to induce the PINK1/Parkin-mediated mitophagy,which was assessed using biochemical and microscopy approaches.Results:Mitochondria in the VPS35-D620N cells exhibited reduced mitochondrial membrane potential and appeared to already be damaged at steady state.As a result,the mitochondria of these cells were desensitized to the CCCPinduced collapse in mitochondrial potential,as they displayed altered fragmentation and were unable to accumulate PINK1 at their surface upon this insult.Consequently,Parkin recruitment to the cell surface was inhibited and initiation of the PINK1/Parkin-dependent mitophagy was impaired.Conclusion:Our findings extend the pool of evidence that the p.D620N mutation of VPS35 causes mitochondrial dysfunction and suggest a converging pathogenic mechanism among VPS35,PINK1 and Parkin in PD. | Kai Yu Ma Michiel R.Fokkens Fulvio Reggiori Muriel Mari Dineke S.Verbeek | 2021 | Translational Neurodegeneration2021，10，2： | 3 |
| 18 | Development of an analytical method based on solid-phase extraction and LC-MS/MS for the monitoring of current-use pesticides and their metabolites in human urine显示文摘Pyrethroids,organophosphorus pesticides and fipronil have been listed as priority chemicals in human biomonitoring studies because of their wide use and potential health effects in humans.The determination of 13 pesticides,including pyrethroids(deltamethrin,cypermethrin,permethrin,cyfluthrin,bifenthrin),organophosphorus(chlorpyrifos,chlorpyrifosmethyl,and malathion),fipronil,neonicotinoids(imidacloprid,acetamiprid and thiacloprid)and triazole(prothioconazole),together with 13 corresponding metabolites in human urine samples was achieved by solid-phase extraction and analysis by liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry.All targeted compounds,except malathion dicarboxylic acid,were measured with a mean within-accuracy(n=5)of 71%–114%(RSD:1%–14%)and between-run(n=15)accuracy of 80%–118%(RSD:2%–14%).Limits of quantitation of the targeted analytes ranged from 0.1 to 16 pg/m L.The detection result of urine samples from 25 volunteers indicated that the detection frequencies of 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol(median:448 pg/m L),6-chloropyridine-3-carboxylic acid(median:193 pg/m L),2-methyl-3-phenylbenzoic acid(median:181 pg/m L),3-phenoxybenzoic acid(median:99 pg/m L),2-isopropyl-6-methyl-4-pyrimidinol(median:77 pg/m L),cyfluthrin(median:59 pg/m L),cis-3-(2,2-dichlorovinyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylic acid(cis-DCCA,median:53 pg/m L),trans-DCCA(median:25 pg/m L),prothioconazole(median:21 pg/m L),imidacloprid(median:7 pg/m L),and prothioconazole-desthio(median:1 pg/m L)were>50%.The obtained results show that the validated method is suitable for the human biomonitoring of these currentuse pesticides and their metabolites. | Beibei Gao Giulia Poma Govindan Malarvannan Catalina Dumitrascu Michiel Bastiaensen Minghua Wang Adrian Covaci | 2022 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2022，34，1： | 3 |
| 19 | Structural and molecular basis for foot-andmouth disease virus neutralization by two potent protective antibodies显示文摘Dear Editor,Foot-and-mouth disease(FMD)is an economically devastating and highly contagious viral disease of cloven-hoofed animals with a global distribution.The causative agent,FMD virus(FMDV)is a small non-enveloped RNA virus,belonging to the Aphthoviruses genus within Picornaviridae family(Tuthill et al.,2010).Control of FMD has been largely reliant on vaccinations with inactivated virus vaccines.However,significant antigenic diversity within FMDV serotypes and inability of the vaccines to induce immune protection for a long duration of time impinge on the efficacy of available vaccines.The roles of neutralizing antibodies(NAbs)as the principal protective components of the immune responses to FMDV vaccination or infection have been well established(Pay and Hingley,1987;Juleff et al.,2009).Passive immunization of NAbs has also been demonstrated to be effective in curing FMD and many viral diseases(Harmsen et al.,2007;Qiu et al.,2018).A deep understanding of the molecular basis for viral neutralization by antibodies and the identification of key viral epitopes would aid in the development of potent rationally designed broad-spectrum vaccine. | Hu Dong Pan Liu Manyuan Bai Kang Wang Rui Feng Dandan Zhu Yao Sun Suyu Mu Haozhou Li Michiel Harmsen Shiqi Sun Xiangxi Wang Huichen Guo | 2022 | Protein & Cell2022，13，6： | 3 |
| 20 | Myeloproliferative and thrombotic burden and treatment outcome of thrombocythemia and polycythemia patients显示文摘Prospective studies indicate that the risk of microvascular and major thrombosis in untreated thrombocythemia in various myeloproliferative neoplasms(MPN-T) is not age dependent and causally related to platelet-mediated thrombosis in early, intermediate and advanced stages of thrombocythemia in MPN-T. If left untreated both microvascular and major thrombosis frequently do occur in MPN-T, but can easily be cured and prevented by low dose aspirin as platelet counts are above 350 × 109/L. The thrombotic risk stratification in the retrospective Bergamo study has been performed in 100 essential thrombocythemia(ET) patients not treated with aspirin thereby overlooking the discovery in 1985 of aspirin responsive platelet-mediated arteriolar and arterial thrombotic tendency in MPN-T disease of ET and polycythemia vera(PV) patients. The Bergamo definition of high thrombotic risk and its persistence in the 2012 International Prognostic Score for ET is based on statistic mystification and not applicable for low and intermediate MPN-T disease burden in ET and PV patients on aspirin. With the advent of molecular screening of MPN patients, MPN-T disease associated with significant leukocytosis, thrombocytosis, constitutional symptoms and/or moderate splenomegaly are candidates for low dose peglyated interferon(Pegasys R, 45 mg/m L once per week or every two weeks) as the first line myeloreductive treatment option in JAK2V617 F mutated MPN-T disease in ET and PV patients. If non-responsive to or side effects induced by IFN, hydroxyurea is the second line myelosuppressive treatment option in JAK2V617 F mutated ET and PV patients with increased MPN-T disease burden. | Jan Jacques Michiels | 2015 | World Journal of Critical Care Medicine2015，4，3： | 3 |
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