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| 1 | Importance of intellectual property generated by biomedical research at universities and academic hospitals显示文摘Biomedical research has many different facets.Researchers and clinicians study disease biology and biochemistry to discover novel therapeutic targets,unravel biochemical pathways and identify biomarkers to improve diagnosis,or devise new approaches to clinically manage diseases more effectively.In all instances,the overall goal of biomedical research is to ensure that results thereof(such as a therapy,a device,or a method which may be broadly referred to as“inventions”)are clinically implemented.Most of the researchers’efforts are centered on the advance of technical and scientific aspects of an invention.The development and implementation of an invention can be arduous and very costly.Historically,it has proven to be crucial to protect intellectual property rights(IPR)to an invention(i.e.,a patent)to ensure that companies can obtain a fair return on their investment that is needed to develop an academic invention into a product for the benefit of patients.However,the importance of IPR is not generally acknowledged among researchers at academic institutions active in biomedical research.Therefore this paper aims to(1)raise IP awareness amongst clinical and translational researchers;(2)provide a concise overview of what the patenting trajectory entails;and(3)highlight the importance of patenting for research and the researcher.Importance for patients:Adequate patent protection of inventions generated through biomedical research at academic institutions increases the probability that patients will benefit from these inventions,and indirectly enables the financing of clinical studies,mainly by opening up funding opportunities(e.g.specific grants aimed at start-ups,pre-seed and seed capital)that otherwise would not be accessible.As a consequence,patented inventions are more likely to become clinically tested and reach the market,providing patients with more treatment options. | Joris J.Heus Elmar S.de Pauw Mirjam Leloux Margherita Morpurgo Michael R Hamblin Michal Heger | 2017 | Journal of Clinical & Translational Research2017，3，2： | 3 |
| 2 | Cribriform adenocarcinoma of the tougue:a hitherto unrecognized type of adenocarcinoma characteristically occurring in the tougue显示文摘 | Michal M Skalova A Simpson R H W | 1999 | Histopathology1999，35，6： | 1 |
| 3 | Metals in the Surface Sediments of Selected Water Reservoirs, Slovakia显示文摘 | Edgar Hiller ?ubomír Jurkovi? Michal ?utriepka | 2010 | Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology2010，，5： | 1 |
| 4 | Chemical stabilization of Bacillus subtilis α-anaylase by modification with D-glucono-8-1actone显示文摘 | SEFAN J STEAN B MICHAL R | 1992 | Biotechnology Techniques1992，6，2： | 1 |
| 5 | Modulatory effects ofdietaryβ-carotene on blood and mammary leukocyte function inperiparturient dairy cows显示文摘 | Michal J J HeirmanL R WongT S | 1994 | Journal of Dairy Science1994，77，5： | 1 |
| 6 | Investigation on the switching behavior of AgSnO2 material in commercial contactors 显示文摘 | Mayer U Michal R | 1985 | IEEE Trans Comp1985，8，1： | 1 |
| 7 | A 12 bit 1 Msample/s capacitor error-aver-aging pipelined A/D converter 显示文摘 | Bang-sup Song Michal F Tompsett Kadaba R Lak-shmikular | 1998 | IEEE journal ofsolid-state circuits1998，23，6： | 1 |
| 8 | Amplification and attenuation of tetracycline resistance in soil bacteria: Qauifer column experiments显示文摘 | Michal R Alvarez P J J | 2004 | Water Res2004，38，： | 1 |
| 9 | A simple entrapment of glucoamylase into LentiKats as an efficient catalyst for maltodextrin hydrolysis 显示文摘 | Martin R Michal R Zuzana M | 2006 | Enzyme and Microbial Technology2006，39，： | 1 |
| 10 | Operative treatment of intra - articular calcaneal fractures with calcaneal plates and its complications 显示文摘 | Vaclav R Daniel I Michal M | 2009 | Indian J Orthop2009，43，3： | 1 |
| 11 | Mechanism of action of Betablockinf a-gents in heart failure显示文摘 | Michal R Brietow M R | 1997 | Am G Cardiol1997，80，11： | 1 |
| 12 | Structure and electrochemistry of Li1±yNiO2 and a new Li2NiO2 phase with the Ni(OH)2 structure 显示文摘 | DAHN J R von SACKEN U MICHAL C A | 1990 | Solid State Ionies1990，44，12： | 1 |
| 13 | Metallurgical aspect s of silver-based contact materials for air-break switching divices显示文摘 | Michal R | 1990 | IEEE Trans1990，13，2： | 1 |
| 14 | Confinement effects on polymer crystallization: From dnoplets to alumina nanopores 显示文摘 | MICHALL R M LEZAK L B MIJANGOS C | 2013 | Polymer2013，54，： | 1 |
| 15 | The TIR domain of TIR-NB-LRR resistance proteins is a signaling domain involved in cell death in-duction显示文摘 | Michal R Doris B Jonathan D | 2009 | Mol Plant-Microbe Interact2009，22，2： | 1 |
| 16 | TLR5 stimulation is sufficient to trigger reactivation of latent HIV-1 provirus in T lymphoid cells and activate virus gene expression in central memory CD+4 T cells显示文摘 | Sandra T Michal I Mélanie R | 2009 | Virology2009，389，5： | 1 |
| 17 | Modulatory effects of dietary β-Carotene on blood and mammary leukocyte function in periparturient dairy COWS显示文摘 | Heirman L R Wong T S | 1994 | J Dairy Sci1994，77，5： | 1 |
| 18 | Global discretization of continuous attributes as preprocessing for machine learning显示文摘 | Michal R C Grzymala-Busse J W | 1996 | International Journal of Approximate Reasoning1996，15，4： | 1 |
| 19 | Intradermal proliferative fasciitis in childhood: a potential diagnostic pitfall 显示文摘 | Magro G Michal M Alaggio R | 2011 | J Cutan Pathol2011，38，1： | 1 |
| 20 | Constraint-based Random Stimuli Generation for Hardware Verification显示文摘 | Yehuda N Michal R Itai J | | 0，，03： | 1 |
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