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| 1 | Seasonal Cumulative Effect of Ural Blocking Episodes on the Frequent Cold events in China during the Early Winter of 2020/21显示文摘Starting in mid-November,China was hit by several cold events during the early winter of 2020/21.The lowest temperature observed at Beijing station on 7 January reached−19.6°C.In this paper,we show that the outbreak of the record-breaking extreme cold event can be attributed to a huge merging Ural blocking(UB)ridge over the Eurasian region.The sea-ice cover in the Kara and East Siberia Seas(KESS)in autumn was at its lowest value since 1979,which could have served as a precursor signal.Further analysis shows that several successive UB episodes occurred from 1 September 2020 to 10 January 2021.The persistent UB that occurred in late September/early October 2020 may have made an important contribution to the October historical minimum of sea ice in the KESS region.Our results also show that,after each UB episode in winter,significant upward propagation of wave activity occurred around 60°E,which resulted in weakening the stratospheric vortex.Meanwhile,each UB episode also caused a significant reduction in sea-ice extent in KESS and a significant weakening of the westerly jet in mid-high-latitude Eurasia.Results suggest that the Arctic vortex,which is supposed to enhance seasonally,became weaker and more unstable than the climatic mean under the seasonal cumulative effects of UB episodes,KESS warming,and long-lasting negative-phase North Atlantic Oscillation(NAO-).Those seasonal cumulative effects,combined with the impact of La Niña winter,led to the frequent occurrence of extreme cold events. | Yao YAO Wenqi ZHANG Dehai LUO Linhao ZHONG Lin PEI | 2022 | Advances in Atmospheric Sciences2022，39，4： | 4 |
| 2 | Datasets of meteorological drought events and risks for the developing countries in Eurasia显示文摘For the area of Eurasia concentrated with developing countries(referred to here by the abbreviation DPEA),mainly located in Asia and Eastern Europe,this work presents datasets of gridded meteorological drought events and country-based drought risk by combining multiple drought indices and socio-economic data.A basic gridded dataset of the drought events during 1950-2015 is extracted from three drought indices:the self-calibrating Palmer Drought Severity Index,the Standardized Precipitation Index,and the Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index.The three drought indices generally show consistent characteristics of drought events in DPEA.A second-level dataset(a drought risk dataset)is then produced as the product of drought hazard,exposure and vulnerability during 2000-2015.For drought exposure,the indicators of population and livestock density,agricultural land and water stress are chosen,while drought vulnerability composites multiple social,economic and infrastructural factors.Drought hazard tends to concentrate at the southern rim of Eurasia.Relatively large differences in drought exposure exist between different countries,but for drought vulnerability the differences are small.After considering the socio-economic components in risk assessment,most countries in West,South-Central and South Asia have the highest drought risk in DPEA.The datasets of drought events and risks are available at http://gffzze4f4599d7a764a8fhvwvxqvofkono6bv0.ffgz.tsg.suse.edu.cn/10.11922/sciencedb.898. | Linhao Zhong Lijuan Hua Zhongwei Yan | 2020 | Big Earth Data2020，4，2： | 2 |
| 3 | Extreme Cold Events in North America and Eurasia in November-December 2022: A Potential Vorticity Gradient Perspective显示文摘From 17 November to 27 December 2022, extremely cold snowstorms frequently swept across North America and Eurasia. Diagnostic analysis reveals that these extreme cold events were closely related to the establishment of blocking circulations. Alaska Blocking(AB) and subsequent Ural Blocking(UB) episodes are linked to the phase transition of the North Atlantic Oscillation(NAO) and represent the main atmospheric regimes in the Northern Hemisphere. The downstream dispersion and propagation of Rossby wave packets from Alaska to East Asia provide a large-scale connection between AB and UB episodes. Based on the nonlinear multi-scale interaction(NMI) model, we found that the meridional potential vorticity gradient(PVy) in November and December of 2022 was anomalously weak in the mid-high latitudes from North America to Eurasia and provided a favorable background for the prolonged maintenance of UB and AB events and the generation of associated severe extreme snowstorms. However, the difference in the UB in terms of its persistence,location, and strength between November and December is related to the positive(negative) NAO in November(December). During the La Ni?a winter of 2022, the UB and AB events are related to the downward propagation of stratospheric anomalies, in addition to contributions by La Ni?a and low Arctic sea ice concentrations as they pertain to reducing PVyin mid-latitudes. | Yao YAO Wenqin ZHUO Zhaohui GONG Binhe LUO Dehai LUO Fei ZHENG Linhao ZHONG Fei HUANG Shuangmei MA Congwen ZHU Tianjun ZHOU | 2023 | Advances in Atmospheric Sciences2023，40，6： | 1 |
| 4 | Mechanism of the Greenland-Scotland Ridge overflow variation under different atmospheric CO_2 scenarios显示文摘Baroclinic transport and the barotropic effect are two different viewpoints for understanding the mechanism of the Greenland-Scotland Ridge overflow. The mechanism of this overflow, being an important deep branch of thermohaline circulation, deserves research discussion, especially against the background of global warming. Using the newly developed ECHAM5/MPI-OM, of the Max Planck Institute for Meteorology, which is an advanced atmospheresea iceocean coupled climate model, the mechanism of the Greenland-Scotland Ridge overflow variation under different atmospheric CO2 scenarios is studied. First, a control experiment is forced by a fixed CO2 concentration of 280 ppmv, which is the pre-industrial level before 1860. Three sensitive experiments are carried out under different scenarios of increased atmospheric CO2 concentrations, which are listed in the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) assessment report (B1, A1B and A2). In the control run, more water with higher salinity intruding into the Greenland-Icelandic-Norwegian Seas results in greater barotropic transport and greater overflow because of the baroclinic effect. Therefore, the barotropic effect and baroclinic effect on the overflow are unified. Under the atmospheric CO2 scenarios, the strength of overflow across the Faro-Bank Channel is controlled by the baroclinic effect and the increase in Denmark Strait overflow is attributed to the barotropic effect. | MU Lin SONG Jun ZHONG LinHao WANG LanNing LI Huan LI Yan | 2011 | Chinese Science Bulletin2011，56，24： | 0 |
| 5 | Frequent central Pacific La Nina events may accelerate Arctic warming since the 1980s显示文摘Including significant warming trend,Arctic climate changes also exhibit strong interannual variations in various fields,which is suggested to be related to El Nino and Southern Oscillation(ENSO)events.Previous studies have demonstrated the different impacts on the Arctic of central Pacific(CP)and eastern Pacific(EP)ENSO events,and suggested these impacts are largely of opposite sign for ENSO warm and cold phases.Our results illustrate asymmetrical changes for the cold and warm ENSO events,especially for the La Nina events.Compared to the past frequent basin-wide cooling La Nina events,since the 1980 s the cooling center for the La Nina event has strengthened and moved westward along with the increasing frequency for the canonical and CP La Nina events.Contrary to the basin-wide cooling and canonical La Nina events,the frequent CP La Nina events induce significant warming from the Beaufort Sea to Greenland via the convection center moving northward over the western Pacific.Observation analysis and numerical experiments both suggest that the changes in La Nina type may also accelerate Arctic warming. | Jing Li Lin Mu Linhao Zhong | 2021 | Acta Oceanologica Sinica2021，40，11： | 0 |
| 6 | High-consistency proton exchange membrane fuel cells enabled by oxygen-electron mixed-pathway electrodes via digitalization design显示文摘Proton exchange membrane(PEM)fuel cell has been regarded as a promising approach to the decarbonization and diversification of energy sources.In recent years,durability and cost issues of PEM fuel cells are increasingly significant with the rapid increase of power density.However,the failure to maintain the cell consistency,as one major cause of the above issue,has attracted little attention.Therefore,this study intends to figure out the underlying cause of cell inconsistency and provide solutions to it from the perspective of multi-physics transport coupled with electrochemical reactions.The PEM fuel cells with electrodes under two compression modes are firstly discussed to fully explain the relationship of cell performance and consistency to electrode structure and multi-physics transport.The result indicates that one main cause of cell inconsistency is the intrinsic conflict between the separated transport and cooperated consumption of oxygen and electron throughout the active area.Then,a mixed-pathway electrode design is proposed to reduce the cell inconsistency by enhancing the mixed transport of oxygen and electron in the electrode.It is found that the mixing of pathways in electrodes at under-rib region is more effective than that at the under-channel region,and can achieve an up to 40%reduction of the cell inconsistency with little(3.3%)sacrificed performance.In addition,all the investigations are implemented based on a self-developed digitalization platform that reconstructs the complex physical–chemical system of PEM fuel cells.The fully observable physical information of the digitalized cells provides strong support to the related analysis. | Zhiming Bao Biao Xie Weizhuo Li Shenghui Zhong Linhao Fan Chasen Tongsh Fei Gao Qing Du Mohamed Benbouzid Kui Jiao | 2023 | Science Bulletin2023，，3： | 0 |
| 7 | Quantifying the Spatial Characteristics of the Moisture Transport Affecting Precipitation Seasonality and Recycling Variability in Central Asia显示文摘Moisture contribution and transport pathways for Central Asia(CA)are quantitatively examined using the Lagrangian water cycle model based on reanalysis and observational data to explain the precipitation seasonality and the moisture transport variation during 1979-2015.Westerly-related(northwesterly and westerly)transport explains 42%of CA precipitation and dominates in southwest CA,where precipitation is greatest in the cold season.Southeast CA,including part of Northwest China,experiences its maximum precipitation in the warm season and is solely dominated by southerly transport,which explains about 48%of CA precipitation.The remaining 10%of CA precipitation is explained by northerly transport,which steadily impacts north CA and causes a maximum in precipitation in the warm season.Most CA areas are exposed to seasonally varying moisture transport,except for southeast and north CA,which are impacted by southerly and northerly transport year-round.In general,the midlatitude westerlies-driven transport and the Indian monsoon-driven southerly-related transport explain most of the spatial differences in precipitation seasonality over CA.Moreover,the contribution ratio of local evaporation in CA to precipitation exhibits significant interdecadal variability and a meridionally oriented tripole of moisture transport anomalies.Since the early 2000s,CA has experienced a decade of anomalously low local moisture contribution,which seems jointly determined by the weakened moisture contribution from midlatitudes(the Atlantic,Europe,and CA itself)and the enhanced contribution from high latitudes(West Siberia and the Arctic)and tropical areas(South Asia and the Indian Ocean). | Linhao ZHONG Lijuan HUA Zhaohui GONG Yao YAO Lin MU | 2022 | Advances in Atmospheric Sciences2022，39，6： | 0 |
| 8 | Effect ofβ-cyclodextrin on the hemocompatibility of heparin-modified PMP hollow fibrous membrane for Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation(ECMO)显示文摘In this paper,modified membranes containingβ-cyclodextrin(β-CD)and heparin coatings were prepared on the surface of poly-4-methyl-1-pentene(PMP)hollow fibrous membrane using the high strength adhesion of polydopamine(PDA).In this paper,β-CD was added to increase the hemocompatibility of the PMP hollow fibrous membranes and the stability of the heparin coating.The uniformity of the heparin coating withβ-CD addition was better than that of the groups withoutβ-CD.After seven days of saline rinsing,the surface of the modified membranes withβ-CD addition still had a large amount of heparin present,which was more stable compared to the control group.After surface modification,the modified membrane changed from hydrophobic to hydrophilic.Importantly,the protein adsorption,platelet adhesion,and hemolysis rates of the modified membranes were significantly reduced compared with the pristine membranes.The APTT values were also significantly increased.The results showed that the modified membranes with the addition ofβ-CD had better hydrophilicity,can maintain the stability of heparin coating for a long time,and finally showed good hemocompatibility. | Xingrui Zhong Ting He Zhaohui Wang Yawei Wang Linhao Li Zhaoliang Cui | 2023 | Medicine in Novel Technology and Devices2023，，2： | 0 |
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