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| 1 | Effect of 1,2,4-triazole on galvanic corrosion between cobalt and copper in CMP based alkaline slurry显示文摘Cobalt has become a new type of barrier material with its unique advantages since the copper-interconnects in the great-large scale integrated circuits(GLSI)into 10 nm and below technical nodes,but cobalt and copper have severe galvanic corrosion during chemical–mechanical flattening.The effect of 1,2,4-triazole on Co/Cu galvanic corrosion in alkaline slurry and the control of rate selectivity of copper and cobalt were investigated in this work.The results of electrochemical experiments and polishing experiments had indicated that a certain concentration of 1,2,4-triazole could form a layer of insoluble and dense passive film on the surface of cobalt and copper,which reduced the corrosion potential difference between cobalt and copper.Meantime,the removal rate of cobalt and copper could be effectively controlled according to demand during the CMP process.When the study optimized slurry was composed of 0.5 wt%colloidal silica,0.1%vol.hydrogen peroxide,0.05 wt%FA/O,345 ppm1,2,4-triazole,cobalt had higher corrosion potential than copper and the galvanic corrosion could be reduced effectively when the corrosion potential difference between them decreased to 1 mV and the galvanic corrosion current density reached 0.02 nMeanwhile,the removal rate of Co was 62.396 nm/min,the removal rate of Cu was 47.328 nm/min,so that the removal rate ratio of cobalt and copper was 1.32:1,which was a good amendment to the dishing pits.The contact potential corrosion of Co/Cu was very weak,which could be better for meeting the requirements of the barrier CMP. | Lei Fu Yuling Liu Chenwei Wang Linan Han | 2018 | Journal of Semiconductors2018，39，4： | 4 |
| 2 | Preparation and evaluation of sustained-release diltiazem hydrochloride pellets显示文摘In this study,diltiazem hydrochloride(DTZ)pellets were prepared successfully by extrusionespheronization method.Then methacrylic acid and ethylcellulose coating formulations were employed to make the DTZ pellets sustained release.The pellets with different coatings were investigated by in vitro dissolution tests.At last,the pellets with the best coating copolymer were subjected to pharmacokinetic studies in beagle dogs.The dissolution profiles of pellets coated with EudragitNE30D were similar to Herbesser,one of the marketed sustained release capsules.In the bioavailability study,the principal pharmacokinetic parameters of self-made pellets and the marketed ones were comparable;the relative bioavailability of DTZ sustained release capsules compared with Herbesserwas 98.536.4%.All the data indicated self-made sustained pellets could prolong the release of DTZ,decrease the fluctuation of drug level in vivo,and increase the compliance of patients. | Xiaopeng Han Linan Wang Yinghua Sun Xiaohong Liu Wanjun Liu Yuqian Du Lin Li Jin Sun | 2013 | Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences2013，8，4： | 3 |
| 3 | Diurnal Variation in Relative Photosynthetic Performance of Marestail (Hippuris vulgaris Linn.) Across a Water Temperature Gradient using PAM Fluorometry in Jiuzhaigou National Nature Reserve,Sichuan Province,China显示文摘This paper reports the first photosynthetic study of marestail in Jiuzhaigou.In this work,we used PAM fluorometry to examine photosynthetic rates of submerged and emerged marestail in three lakes.Three lakes were studied across a gradient of water temperature,with low water temperature conditions in Grass Lake and Arrow Bamboo Lake,and higher water temperature in Five Colored Lake.In the field,electron transport rates (ETRmax) were measured as rapid light curves (RLCs) by in situ yield measurements.Submerged and emerged marestail showed higher photosynthetic activity in Five Colored Lake compared to the other lakes,a response consistent with the adaptation of marestail in Five Colored Lake to high water temperature.The optimal temperature for photosynthesis of submerged marestail in Jiuzhaigou was about 12 °C.Non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) of submerged and emerged marestail increased with increasing water temperature.Maximum quantum yield (Fv/Fm) of submerged marestail in Five Colored Lake showed full recovery at 1700 h due to higher NPQ.Further,the chlorophyll a for submerged marestail was the highest in Grass Lake and the lowest in Five Colored Lake.These results indicate that in different lakes the function of these aquatic plants is associated with a diversity of place-dependent environmental conditions,especially water temperature that leads to pronounced differences in the plant's ecophysiological reactions. | GAO Linan TANG Ya Carla BOSSARD WANG Yan HAN Zhiguo | 2011 | Journal of Mountain Science2011，8，6： | 2 |
| 4 | Effects of land-use and climate change on sediment and nutrient retention in Guizhou,China显示文摘Introduction:Sediment and nutrient retention have significant impacts on agricultural productivity and water quality.Obvious changes of climate and land-use have deeply affected freshwater ecosystem services in the last several decades.Nevertheless,it is unclear what the differences are in the impact of climate and land-use changes on freshwater ecosystem services.Outcomes:The impacts of climate and land-use change on sediment and nutrient retention(two essential freshwater ecosystem services)were evaluated with the help of the Integrated Valuation of Environmental Services and Tradeoffs(InVEST)model.The results from the study area suggest a decreasing trend in sediment and nutrient retention from 1995 to 2015 when climate and land-use were changed simultaneously.A decreasing trend in sediment retention and an increasing trend in nutrient retention were presented under scenario A(climate change from 1995 to 2015 with land-use unchanged),while the sediment exported and nutrient retention exhibited a decreasing trend except sediment retained under scenario B(land-use change from 1995 to 2015 with unchanged climate).Rainfall erosivity and soil erodibility were more sensitive to the output of sediment retention,while retention efficiency produced more of an effect on nutrient retention.Discussion and Conclusion:Climate change played a dominant role in the change in sediment retention,while land-use change had a more significant effect on nutrient retention change than climate change.The results of this study provide explicitinformation for land-use managers to reduce the negative effects associated with sediment and nutrient retention. | Huiqing Han Jianqiang Yang Geng Ma Yue Liu Linan Zhang Siying Chen Shuliang Ma | 2020 | Ecosystem Health and Sustainability2020，6，1： | 1 |
| 5 | Effects of topography and vegetation on distribution of rare earth elements in calcareous soils显示文摘This study investigated the impact of topography and vegetation on distribution of rare earth elements(REEs)in calcareous soils using methods of single extraction and mass balance calculation. The purposes of the study were to set a basis for further research on the biogeochemical REE cycle and to provide references for soil–water conservation and REE-containing fertilizer amendments. The results show a generally flat Post-Archean Average Australian Shale—normalized REE pattern for the studied calcareous soils. REE enrichment varied widely. The proportion of acidsoluble phases of heavy REEs was higher than that of light REEs. From top to bottom of the studied hills, dominant REE sources transitioned from limestone in-situ weathering to input from REE-containing phases(e.g., clay minerals,amorphous iron, REE-containing fluids). Our results indicate that the REE content of calcareous soils is mainly controlled by slope aspect, while the enrichment degree of REEs is related to geomorphological position and vegetation type.Furthermore, the proportion of acid-soluble phases of REEs is mainly controlled by geomorphological position. | Zhaoliang Song Yuntao Wu Xiaomin Yang Zijuan Xu Linan Liu Xiaodong Zhang Qian Hao Shaobo Sun Guilin Han Congqiang Liu | 2017 | Acta Geochimica2017，36，3： | 1 |
| 6 | Comparative study of flexural strength test methods on CAD/CAM Y-TZP dental ceramics显示文摘Clinically,fractures are the main cause of computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing(CAD/CAM)3 mol%-yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystal(Y-TZP)all-ceramic dental restorations failure because of repetitive occlusal loading.The goal of this work is to study the effect of test methods and specimen’s size on the flexural strength of five ceramic products.Both biaxial flexure test(BI)and uni-axial flexure tests(UNI),including three-point flexure test(3PF)and four-point flexure test(4PF),are used in this study.For all five products,the flexural strength is as follows:BI>3PF>4PF.Furthermore,specimens with smaller size(3PF-s)have higher values than the bigger ones(3PF).The difference between BI and UNI resulted from the edge flaws in ceramic specimens.The relationship between different UNI(including 3PF-s,3PF and 4PF)can be explained according to Weibull statistical fracture theory.BI is recommended to evaluate the flexural strength of CAD/CAM Y-TZP dental ceramics. | Yongxiang Xu Jianmin Han Hong Lin Linan An | 2015 | Regenerative Biomaterials2015，2，4： | 1 |
| 7 | Structural Design and Dynamic Characteristics of Overloaded Horizontal Servo Cylinder for Resisting Dynamic Partial Load显示文摘When an output curve force is applied to a horizontal servo cylinder with a heavy load, the piston rod bears a dynamic partial load based on the installation and load characteristics, which significantly a ects the frequency response and control accuracy of the servo cylinder. Based on this partial load, increased friction can lead to cylinder bore scu ng, leakage, lack of output power, or even system failure. In this paper, a novel asymmetric static-pressure support structure is proposed based on the principle of hydrostatic support. The radial component force of a dynamic partial load is balanced by cooperation between the support oil cushion of the variable hydraulic pressure support structure, oil cushion of the supportive force, and the damper. Adaptive control of the servo cylinder piston rod, guide sleeve, and piston, as well as the cylinder oil film friction between lubricated surfaces is achieved. In this paper, theoretical design and analysis of the traditional hydrostatic bearing structure and novel structure are presented. A hydraulic dynamic shear scissor is used as a research target to derive a structural dynamic model. Comparative simulations are performed using Matlab Simulink. Additionally, flow field analysis of the novel structure is performed, which verifies the rationality and feasibility of the proposed structure and system. | Linan Ma Qingxue Huang Lifeng Ma Qiangjun Ma Wenze Zhang Heyong Han | 2019 | Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering2019，32，1： | 0 |
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