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| 1 | 非正式学习场所——常被遗忘但对学生学习非常重要;是时候做新的设计思考!显示文摘几百年来美国校园都在遵循一种基于工厂模式的特定教学模型~1。许多与之相应、提供学习空间的建筑和规划都反映出这一焦点,而且至今仍未改变。当今的校园正经历强烈变革,许多学者都已著文探讨这些冲击性因素。在此变革的漩涡中,需要考虑的一个主要因素是要认识到,如果高等教育机构的目标是为了获得、并保持与时俱进,那么必须改变学生的面对面体验。在学习中,参与是关键^(2,3,4)。《学生参与度全国调查》的研究审视了在校园多重领域中的参与因素,并将成果分享在不同报告中~5。'正式学习场所'指的是结构化的,或者由老师指导的课堂体验,而非正式的指的是主要由学生自我指导的学习场所。本文将:(1)在侧重非正式学习空间的前提下提供这些学习场所类型的定义;(2)分享有关冲击性因素动向的见解;(3)提出一个研发的四象限理论框架,以支持在非正式学习环境中的参与性学习行为;(4)提供一些能够体现研究洞见及设计原则的'有启发性的设计概念';(5)最后,分享一些应用这些概念的建成案例。非正式学习场所的有目的性设计,对于建筑设计以及高等教育机构思考学生参与度与保有率来说,都是一个非常重要的方向。 | Lennie Scott-Webber | 2015 | 住区2015，，2： | 17 |
| 2 | Unexpected complication of arteriovenous fistula of the left common carotid to internal jugular vein following central venous catheterization显示文摘Incidence of inadvertent arterial puncture secondary to central venous catheter insertion is not common with an arterial puncture rate of<1%.This is due to the advancements and wide availability of ultrasound to guide its insertion.Formation of arteriovenous fistula after arterial puncture is an unexpected complication.Till date,only five cases(including this case)of acquired arteriovenous fistula formation has been described due to inadvertent common carotid puncture.The present case is a 26-year-old man sustained traumatic brain injuries,chest injuries and multiple bony fractures.During resuscitative phase,attempts at left central venous catheter via left internal jugular vein under ultrasound guidance resulted in inadvertent puncture into the left common carotid artery.Surgical neck exploration revealed that the catheter had punctured through the left internal jugular vein into the common carotid artery with formation of arteriovenous fistula.The catheter was removed successfully and common carotid artery was repaired.Postoperatively,the patient recovered and clinic visits revealed no neurological deficits.From our literature review,the safest method for removal is via endovascular and open surgical removal.The pull/push technique(direct removal with compression)is not recommended due to the high risk for stroke,bleeding and hematoma formation. | Tan Chor Lip Henry Tan Jih Huei Mohamad Yuzaidi Lenny Suryani Safri K.Krishna Imran Alwi Rizal Md Idris Mohamad Azim Hanafiah Harunarashid | 2020 | Chinese Journal of Traumatology2020，23，1： | 5 |
| 3 | Percutaneous paraumbilical embolization as an unconventional and successful treatment for bleeding jejunal varices显示文摘A 48-year-old Indian male with alcoholic liver cirrhosis was admitted after being found unresponsive. He was hypotensive and had hematochezia. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) showed small esophageal varices and a clean-based duodenal ulcer. He continued to have hematochezia and anemia despite blood transfusions. Colonoscopy was normal. Repeat EGD did not reveal any source of recent bleed. Twelve days after admission, his hematochezia ceased. He refused further investigation and was discharged two days later. He presented one week after discharge with hematochezia. EGD showed non-bleeding Grade 1 esophageal varices and a clean-based duodenal ulcer. Colonoscopy was normal. Abdominal computed tomography (CT) showed liver cirrhosis with mild ascites, paraumbilical varices, and splenomegaly. He had multiple episodes of hematochezia, requiring repeated blood transfusions. Capsule endoscopy identified the bleeding site in the jejunum. Concurrently, CT angiography showed paraumbilical varices inseparable from a loop of small bowel, which had herniated through an umbilical hernia. The lumen of this loop of small bowel opacified in the delayed phase, which suggested variceal bleeding into the small bowel. Portal vein thrombosis was present. As he had severe coagulopathy and extensive paraumbilical varices, surgery was of high risk. He was not suitable for transjugular intrahepatic porto-systemic shunt as he had portal vein thrombosis. Percutaneous paraumbilical embolization via caput medusa was performed on day 9 of hospitalization. Following the embolization, the hematochezia stopped. However, he defaulted subsequent follow-up. | Lee-Guan Lim Yin-Mei Lee Lenny Tan Stephen Chang Seng-Gee Lim | 2009 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2009，15，30： | 4 |
| 4 | Efficacies of Different Methods of Teaching Transcultural Nursing Practice in China显示文摘Purpose:This study assessed the effectiveness of three teaching methods for developing cultural competency based upon Leininger's theoretical framework with nursing students in China:case studies,traditional didactic learning,and self-directed learning.These methods were used in transcultural nursing teaching practices to identify the method that resulted in the greatest improvements in the nursing students understanding and clinical application of transcultural nursing.Methods:The Transcultural Nursing Questionnaire(TNQ) was used for pre-and post-test comparisons of all participants in four areas of cultural knowledge and the Evaluation of Transcultural Nursing Competency(ETNC) was applied via role-play to evaluate the cultural competency of 120 of the 305 participants from three general hospitals in the PuDong New District,Shanghai,China.Individual transcultural nursing courses that focused on case study,traditional didactic or self-directed methods persisted for four months in three hospitals.Results:Statistical analyses of the cognitive scores of the participants in the transcultural nursing courses revealed a significant difference(P < 0.01) between scores collected before and after the teaching with the three methods.Comparisons of the three hospitals revealed that the scores for transcultural nursing cognition and simulating service assessment were significantly different(P <0.01)for the case study nursing students.The scores of the students who were taught with the traditional didactic and self-directed methods were not significantly different across the three hospitals(P >0.05).Conclusion:The results revealed that the case study,traditional didactic and self-directed method effectively improved the transcultural nursing cognitive levels of the nursing students.The case study method appeared to be the most effective approach based upon the TNQ pre-and post-tests and the ETNC cultural competency scores. | Lenny Chiang-Hanisko You-Qing Peng | 2014 | Chinese Nursing Research2014，1，1： | 2 |
| 5 | Mechanisms of Color Constancy显示文摘 | Zmura M Lennie P | | 0，，： | 1 |
| 6 | Parallel visual pathways 显示文摘 | Lennie P | 1980 | Vision Res1980，20，7： | 1 |
| 7 | Gender diferences in adherence to the sodium-restricted dlet in patients with heart failure显示文摘 | Chung M L Moser D K Lennie T A | 2006 | J Card Fail2006，12，8： | 1 |
| 8 | Gender differences in adherence to the sodium-restricted diet in patients with heart failure显示文摘 | Chung ML Moser DK Lennie TA | 2006 | J Card Fail2006，12，8： | 1 |
| 9 | Effects of soft drink consumption on nutrition and health:a systemat- ic review and meta-analysis 显示文摘 | Lenny R Vartanian Phd Marlene B | 2007 | American Journal of Public Health2007，97，4： | 1 |
| 10 | The 10 trends you have to watch显示文摘 | Beinhocker Eric Davis IanandMendonca Lenny | 2009 | Harvard Business Review2009，2009，： | 1 |
| 11 | Triglycerides and Cardiovascular Disease: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association显示文摘 | Michael Miller Neil J. Stone Christie Ballantyne Vera Bittner Michael H. Criqui Henry N. Ginsberg Anne Carol Goldberg William James Howard Marc S. Jacobson Penny M. Kris-Etherton Terry A. Lennie Moshe Levi Theodore Mazzone Subramanian Pennathur | 2011 | Circulation2011，，20： | 1 |
| 12 | The cluster approach and SME competitiveness : a review 显示文摘 | Aleksandar Karaev S C Lenny Koh Leslie T Szamosi | 2007 | Journal of Manufacturing Technology Management2007，，7： | 1 |
| 13 | Science, normativity and skill: Reviewing and renewing the anthropological basis of Critical Theory 显示文摘 | Lenny M Vida P | 2011 | Philosophy and Social Criticism2011，，2： | 1 |
| 14 | Chromatic mecha- nisms in lateral geniculate nucleus of macaque显示文摘 | Derrington A M Krauskopf J Lennie P | 1984 | Joumal of Physiology1984，357，1： | 1 |
| 15 | The machinery of colottr vision显示文摘 | S Solomon P Lennie | 2007 | Na- ture Reviews Neuroscience2007，8，4： | 1 |
| 16 | Factors influencing med- ication adherence in patients with heart failure 显示文摘 | Wu JR Moser DK Lennie TA | 2008 | Heart Lung2008，37，1： | 1 |
| 17 | Illness representation after acute myocardial infarction: impact on in-hospital recovery 显示文摘 | Cherrington CC Moser DK Lennie TA | 2004 | Am J Crit Care2004，13，2： | 1 |
| 18 | Modelling and simulation single layer anti-reflective coating of ZnO and ZnS for silicon solar cells using Silvaco software 显示文摘 | H Abdullah A Lennie I Ahmad | 2009 | Journal of Applied Sciences2009，9，6： | 1 |
| 19 | Photovoltaic properties of SigN, layer on silicon solar cell using silvaco software显示文摘 | A Lennie H Abdullah S M Mustaza | 2009 | European Journal of Scientific Research2009，29，4： | 1 |
| 20 | The production of group O cells显示文摘 | LENNY L L GOLDSTEIN J | 1991 | Biotechnology1991，19，： | 1 |
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