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| 1 | Assessment of the uncertainties in temperature change in China during the last century显示文摘We have used the China Homogenized Historic Temperature dataset and some long-term station series of the neighbor countries from CRUTEM3,a 5°×5° gridded dataset of monthly mean temperature since 1900,to provide a 107-year record of surface temperature trends and variability.We derived a comprehensive set of uncertainty estimates to accompany the data:measurement and sampling errors,uncertainties in temperature bias estimates,and uncertainties arising from limited observational coverage on large-scale averages have all been estimated.We reanalysed the temperature changes during the period of record.The best estimates of trends for 1900-2006 with uncertainties at 95% confidence range are about 0.09±0.017°C/decade for the year as a whole,and 0.14±0.021°C/decade,0.11±0.021°C/decade,0.04±0.017°C/decade,and 0.07±0.017°C/decade for winter,spring,summer and autumn respectively.For 1954-2006,the trends for annual,winter,spring,summer and autumn are:0.26±0.032°C/decade,0.35±0.046°C/decade,0.25±0.051°C/decade,0.16±0.037°C/decade and 0.22±0.055°C/decade.Winter saw the most significant warming trend in both 1900-2006 and 1954-2006,while during the most recent period(the satellite era,1979-2006),all the seasons show similar warming trends:0.45±0.13°C/decade,0.51±0.11°C/decade,0.52±0.16°C/decade,0.37±0.10°C/decade and 0.50±0.16°C/decade for annual,winter,spring,summer and autumn.Trends arising from urbanization have been evaluated as less than 5% of the total warming trend for 1951-2001,so this bias was not removed. | LI QingXiang DONG WenJie LI Wei GAO XiaoRong JONES P KENNEDY J PARKER D | 2010 | Chinese Science Bulletin2010，55，19： | 26 |
| 2 | Development of China homogenized monthly precipitation dataset during 1900-2009显示文摘Based on the collection and processing of the China national-wide monthly station observational precipitation data in 1900-2009,the data series for each station has been tested for their homogeneity with the Standard Normalized Homogeneity Test(SNHT) method and the inhomogeneous parts of the series are adjusted or corrected.Based on the data,the precipitation anomalies during 1900-2009 and the climatology normals during 1971-2000 have been transformed into the grid boxes at 5°×5° and 2°×2° resolutions respectively.And two grid form datasets are constructed by combining the normal and anomalies.After that,the missing values for the 5°×5° grid dataset are interpolated by Empirical Orthogonal Function(EOF) techniques.With the datasets of different resolutions,the precipitation change series during 1900-2009 over China's Mainland are built,and the annual and seasonal precipitation trends for the recent 110 years are analyzed.The result indicates that the annual precipitation shows a slight dryer trend during the past 110 years,notwithstanding lack of statistical confidence.It is worth noting that after the interpolation of the missing values,the annual precipitation amounts in the early 1900s become less,which increases the changing trend of the annual precipitation in China for the whole 110 years slightly(from-7.48 mm/100a to-6.48 mm/100a). | LI Qingxiang PENG Jiadong SHEN Yan | 2012 | Journal of Geographical Sciences2012，22，4： | 11 |
| 3 | A New Method for Quality Control of Chinese Rawinsonde Wind Observations显示文摘In 2006, the National Meteorological Information Center(NMIC) of the China Meteorological Administration(CMA)developed its real-time quality control(QC) system of rawinsonde observations coming from the Global Telecommunications System(GTS) and established the Global Upper-air Report Dataset, which, with the NMIC B01 format, is generally referred to as the B01 dataset and updated on a daily basis. However, when the B01 dataset is applied in climate analysis, some wind errors as well as some accurate values with incorrect error marks are found. To improve the quality and usefulness of Chinese rawinsonde wind observations, a new QC method(NewQC) is proposed in this paper. Different from the QC approach used for B01 datasets, the NewQC includes two vertical-wind-shear checks to analyze the vertical consistency of winds, in which the constant height level winds are used as reference data for the QC of mandatory pressure level winds. Different threshold values are adopted in the wind shear checks for different stations and different vertical levels. Several typical examples of QC of different error types by the new algorithm are shown and its performance with respect to 1980–2008 observational data is statistically evaluated. Compared with the radiosonde QC algorithms used in both the Meteorological Assimilation Data Ingest System(MADIS, http://gffzz1938ac3c542049bah9oxkuxw5o9vv6okw.ffgz.tsg.suse.edu.cn/madis raob qc.html) of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration(NOAA) and the B01 dataset, the NewQC shows higher accuracy and better reliability, particularly when used to judge successive observation errors. | LIAO Jie WANG Bin LI Qingxiang | 2014 | Advances in Atmospheric Sciences2014，31，6： | 10 |
| 4 | Global land-surface air temperature change based on the new CMA GLSAT data set显示文摘The China Meteorological Administration(CMA)has recently developed a new global monthly homogenized land-surface air temperature data set.Based on this data set,we reanalyzed the change in global annual mean land-surface air temperature(LSAT)during three time periods(1901–2014,1979–2014 and 1998–2014).The results show that the linear trends of global annual mean LSAT were 0.104°C/decade,0.247°C/decade and 0.098°C/decade for the three periods,respectively.The trends were statistically significant except for the period 1998–2014,the period that | Xiubao Sun Guoyu Ren Wenhui Xu Qingxiang Li Yuyu Ren | 2017 | Science Bulletin2017，62，4： | 10 |
| 5 | The Assessment of Global Surface Temperature Change from 1850s:The C-LSAT2.0 Ensemble and the CMST-Interim Datasets显示文摘Based on C-LSAT2.0,using high-and low-frequency components reconstruction methods,combined with observation constraint masking,a reconstructed C-LSAT2.0 with 756 ensemble members from the 1850s to 2018 has been developed.These ensemble versions have been merged with the ERSSTv5 ensemble dataset,and an upgraded version of the CMSTInterim dataset with 5°×5°resolution has been developed.The CMST-Interim dataset has significantly improved the coverage rate of global surface temperature data.After reconstruction,the data coverage before 1950 increased from 78%−81%of the original CMST to 81%−89%.The total coverage after 1955 reached about 93%,including more than 98%in the Northern Hemisphere and 81%−89%in the Southern Hemisphere.Through the reconstruction ensemble experiments with different parameters,a good basis is provided for more systematic uncertainty assessment of C-LSAT2.0 and CMSTInterim.In comparison with the original CMST,the global mean surface temperatures are estimated to be cooler in the second half of 19th century and warmer during the 21st century,which shows that the global warming trend is further amplified.The global warming trends are updated from 0.085±0.004℃(10 yr)^(–1)and 0.128±0.006℃(10 yr)^(–1)to 0.089±0.004℃(10 yr)^(–1)and 0.137±0.007℃(10 yr)^(–1),respectively,since the start and the second half of 20th century. | Wenbin SUN Qingxiang LI Boyin HUANG Jiayi CHENG Zhaoyang SONG Haiyan LI Wenjie DONG Panmao ZHAI Phil JONES | 2021 | Advances in Atmospheric Sciences2021，38，5： | 8 |
| 6 | Fracture of two three-dimensional parallel internal cracks in brittle solid under ultrasonic fracturing显示文摘Similar to hydraulic fracturing(HF), the coalescence and fracture of cracks are induced within a rock under the action of an ultrasonic field, known as ultrasonic fracturing(UF). Investigating UF is important in both hard rock drilling and oil and gas recovery. A three-dimensional internal laser-engraved crack(3D-ILC) method was introduced to prefabricate two parallel internal cracks within the samples without any damage to the surface. The samples were subjected to UF. The mechanism of UF was elucidated by analyzing the characteristics of fracture surfaces. The crack propagation path under different ultrasonic parameters was obtained by numerical simulation based on the Paris fatigue model and compared to the experimental results of UF. The results show that the 3D-ILC method is a powerful tool for UF research.Under the action of an ultrasonic field, the fracture surface shows the characteristics of beach marks and contains powder locally, indicating that the UF mechanism includes high-cycle fatigue fracture, shear and friction, and temperature load. The two internal cracks become close under UF. The numerical result obtained by the Paris fatigue model also shows the attraction of the two cracks, consistent with the test results. The 3D-ILC method provides a new tool for the experimental study of UF. Compared to the conventional numerical methods based on the analysis of stress-strain and plastic zone, numerical simulation can be a good alternative method to obtain the crack path under UF. | Haijun Wang Hanzhang Li Lei Tang Xuhua Ren Qingxiang Meng Chun Zhu | 2022 | Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering2022，14，3： | 4 |
| 7 | Recent advances in catalytic production of sugar alcohols and their applications显示文摘Conversion of non-edible biomass into fuels and value-added chemicals has achieved great attention to cope the world's energy requirements. Lignocellulose based sugar alcohols such as sorbitol, mannitol, xylitol, and erythritol can be potentially used as emerging fuels and chemicals. These sugar alcohols can be converted into widely used products(e.g. polymer synthesis, food and pharmaceuticals industry). The heterogeneous catalytic production of sugar alcohols from renewable biomass provides a safe and sustainable approach. Hydrolysis, coupled with hydrogenation and hydrogenolysis has been proved to be more effective strategy for sugar alcohols production from biomass. This review summarizes the recent advances in biomass upgrading reactions for the production of sugar alcohols and their comprehensive applications. | Bakht Zada Mengyuan Chen Chubai Chen Long Yan Qing Xu Wenzhi Li Qingxiang Guo Yao Fu | 2017 | Science China Chemistry2017，60，7： | 3 |
| 8 | Drag reduction of turbulent channel flows over an anisotropic porous wall with reduced spanwise permeability显示文摘The direct numerical simulation (DNS) is carried out for the incompressible viscous turbulent flows over an anisotropic porous wall. Effects of the anisotropic porous wall on turbulence modifications as well as on the turbulent drag reduction are investigated. The simulation is carried out at a friction Reynolds number of 180, which is based on the averaged friction velocity at the interface between the porous medium and the clear fluid domain. The depth of the porous layer ranges from 0.9 to 54 viscous units. The permeability in the spanwise direction is set to be lower than the other directions in the present simulation. The maximum drag reduction obtained is about 15.3% which occurs for a depth of 9 viscous units. The increasing of drag is addressed when the depth of the porous layer is more than 25 wall units. The thinner porous layer restricts the spanwise extension of the streamwise vortices which suppresses the bursting events near the wall. However, for the thicker porous layer, the wall-normal fluctuations are enhanced due to the weakening of the wall-blocking effect which can trigger strong turbulent structures near the wall. | Qingxiang LI Ming PAN Quan ZHOU Yuhong DONG | 2019 | Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition)2019，40，7： | 3 |
| 9 | Minor-alloyed Cu-Ni-Si alloys with high hardness and electric conductivity designed by a cluster formula approach显示文摘Cu-Ni-Si alloys are widely used due to their good electrical conductivities in combination with high strength and hardness. In the present work, minor-alloying with M =(Cr, Fe, Mo, Zr) was conducted for the objective of further improving their hardness while maintaining their conductivity level. A cluster-plus-glue-atom model was introduced to design the compositions of M-alloyed Cu-Ni-Si alloys, in which an ideal composition formula[(Ni,Si,M)-Cu_(12)]Cu_3(molar proportion) was proposed. To guarantee the complete precipitation of solute elements in fine δ-Ni_2 Si precipitates, the atomic ratio of(Ni,M)/Si was set as 2/1. Thus the designed alloy series of Cu_(93.75)(Ni/Zr)_(3.75)Si_(2.08)(Cr/Fe/Mo)_(0.42)(at%) were arc-melted into ingots under argon atmosphere, and solidsolutioned at 950 ℃ for 1 h plus water quenching and then aged at 450 ℃ for different hours. The experimental results showed that these designed alloys exhibit high hardness(HV> 1.7 GPa) and good electrical conductivities(≥ 35% IACS). Specifically, the quinary Cu_(93.75)Ni_(3.54)Si_(2.08)(Cr/Fe)_(0.42)Zr_(0.21) alloys(Cu-3.32 Ni-0.93 Si-0.37(Cr/Fe)-0.30 Zr wt%) possess both a high hardness with HV = 2.5-2.7 GPa, comparable to the highstrength KLFA85 alloy(Cu-3.2 Ni-0.7 Si-1.1 Zn wt%,HV= 2.548 GPa),and a good electrical conductivity(35-36% IACS). | Dongmei Li Qing Wang Beibei Jiang Xiaona Li Wenlong Zhou Chuang Dong Hua Wang Qingxiang Chen | 2017 | Progress in Natural Science:Materials International2017，27，4： | 3 |
| 10 | Tribological performance of hydrogenated diamond-like carbon coating deposited on superelastic 60NiTi alloy for aviation selflubricating spherical plain bearings显示文摘It is imperative to develop a novel matching of metallic substrate and self-lubricating coating for aircraft spherical plain bearing in a wide range of service conditions.As a new type of superelastic material,60NiTi alloy meets the performance requirements of aerospace bearing materials,but exhibits poor tribological performance,especially under the conditions of dry sliding friction.A Hydrogenated Diamond-Like Carbon(H-DLC)coating was deposited on the 60NiTi alloy to improve its tribological performance.The microstructure and mechanical behavior of the 60NiTi alloy and its H-DLC coating were explored.Results show that improvement of friction and wear performance of the H-DLC coating deposited on the 60NiTi substrate is mainly achieved by graphitization at the friction interface and the transfer film produced on the counterpart ball.The increased friction load leads to intensification of graphitization at the friction interface and formation of continuous and compact transfer film on the surface of the counterpart ball. | Yefei ZHOU Zhihao CHEN Zhonghui HU Lei LI Qingxiang YANG Xiaolei XING | 2022 | Chinese Journal of Aeronautics2022，35，12： | 2 |
| 11 | Detecting and adjusting temporal inhomogeneity in Chinese mean surface air temperature data显示文摘 | Qingxiang Li Xiaoning Liu Hongzheng Zhang Peterson Thomas C. Easterling David R | | Advances in Atmospheric Sciences0，，： | 2 |
| 12 | Monodisperse amino-modified nanosized zero-valent iron for selective and recyclable removal of TNT: Synthesis, characterization, and removal mechanism显示文摘Nitroaromatic explosives are major pollutants produced during wars that cause serious environmental and health problems. The removal of a typical nitroaromatic explosive, 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene(TNT), from aqueous solution, was conducted using a new recyclable magnetic nano-adsorbent(Fe@SiO_(2) –NH_(2)). This adsorbent was prepared by grafting amino groups onto Fe@SiO_(2) particles with a well-defined core-shell structure and demonstrated monodispersity in solution. The removal performance of the nano-adsorbent towards TNT was found to be 2.57 and 4.92 times higher than that towards two analogous explosives, 2,4-dinitrotoluene(2,4-DNT) and 2-nitrotoluene(2-NT), respectively, under neutral conditions. The difference in the removal performance among the three compounds was further compared in terms of the effects of different conditions(pH value, ionic strength, humic acid concentration, adsorbent modification degree and dosage, etc.) and the electrostatic potential distributions of the three compounds. The most significant elevation is owing to modification of amino on Fe@SiO_(2) which made a 20.7% increase in adsorption efficiency of TNT. The experimental data were well fit by the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and the Freundlich adsorption isotherm model, indicating multilayer adsorption on a heterogeneous surface. The experimental results and theoretical considerations show that the interactions between Fe@SiO_(2) –NH_(2) NPs and TNT correspond to dipole-dipole and hydrophobic interactions. These interactions should be considered in the design of an adsorbent. Furthermore, the adaptability to aqueous environment and excellent regeneration capacity of Fe@SiO_(2) –NH_(2) NPs makes these remediation materials promising for applications. | Jing Li Qingxiang Zhou Miao Li Yongli Liu Qinan Song | 2021 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2021，33，5： | 2 |
| 13 | Transport of dissolved oxygen at the sediment-water interface in the spanwise oscillating flow显示文摘The distribution and concentration of dissolved oxygen(DO)play important roles in aerobic heterotroph activities and some slow chemical reactions,and can affect the water quality,biological communities,and ecosystem functions of rivers and lakes.In this work,the transport of high Schmidt number DO at the sediment-water interface of spanwise oscillating flow is investigated.The volume-averaged Navier-Stokes(VANS)equations and Monod equation are used to describe the flow in the sediment layer and the sediment oxygen demand of microorganisms.The phase-averaged velocities and concentrations of different amplitudes and periods are studied.The dependence of DO transfer on the amplitude and period is analyzed by means of phase-average statistical quantities.It is shown that the concentration in the sediment layer is positively correlated with the turbulence intensity,and the DO concentration and penetration depth in the sediment layer increases when the period and amplitude of the oscillating flow increase.Moreover,in the presence of oscillating flow,a specific scaling relationship exists between the Sherwood number/oxygen consumption of aerobic heterotrophs and the Reynolds number. | Kunpeng WANG Qingxiang LI Yuhong DONG | 2021 | Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition)2021，42，4： | 2 |
| 14 | Stress - Strain Behaviors Simulation of High Chromium Steel at Elevated Temperatures显示文摘 | Ligang Liu Qiang Li Bo Liao Yukui Gao Yuhui Wang Xuejun Ren and Qingxiang Yang | 2010 | Journal of Ma- terials Engineering and Performance2010，，19： | 1 |
| 15 | Nanopolyphenol rejuvenates microglial surveillance of multiple misfolded proteins through metabolic reprogramming显示文摘Microglial surveillance plays an essential role in clearing misfolded proteins such as amyloid-beta,tau,andα-synuclein aggregates in neurodegenerative diseases.However,due to the complex structure and ambiguous pathogenic species of the misfolded proteins,a universal approach to remove the misfolded proteins remains unavailable.Here,we found that a polyphenol,α-mangostin,reprogrammed metabolism in the disease-associated microglia through shifting glycolysis to oxidative phosphorylation,which holistically rejuvenated microglial surveillance capacity to enhance microglial phagocytosis and autophagy-mediated degradation of multiple misfolded proteins.Nanoformulation ofα-mangostin efficiently deliveredα-mangostin to microglia,relieved the reactive status and rejuvenated the misfolded-proteins clearance capacity of microglia,which thus impressively relieved the neuropathological changes in both Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease model mice.These findings provide direct evidences for the concept of rejuvenating microglial surveillance of multiple misfolded proteins through metabolic reprogramming,and demonstrate nanoformulatedα-mangostin as a potential and universal therapy against neurodegenerative diseases. | Dayuan Wang Xiao Gu Xinyi Ma Jun Chen Qizhi Zhang Zhihua Yu Juan Li Meng Hu Xiaofang Tan Yuyun Tang Jianrong Xu Minjun Xu Qingxiang Song Huahua Song Gan Jiang Zaiming Tang Xiaoling Gao Hongzhuan Chen | 2023 | Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B2023，13，2： | 1 |
| 16 | CoAl LDH@Ni-MOF-74 S-Scheme Heterojunction for Effi cient Hydrogen Evolution显示文摘Metal–organic frameworks(MOFs)and layered double hydroxides(LDHs)have been considered to be one of the most promising and worthy hot spot materials to develop advanced catalysts for effi cient hydrogen evolution due to their prominent characteristics,including unique structures,environmentally friendly nature,high redox activities,and homogeneously eff ective utilization of transition metal atoms.In this work,the delicate S-scheme heterojunction photocatalyst,CoAl LDH@Ni-MOF-74,was rationally designed and successfully constructed by coupling Ni-MOF-74 with CoAl LDH based on their peculiar structure,excellent electronic properties,and opposite surface potential for enhancing hydrogen generation activity under visible light irradiation.The CoAl LDH nanolayers evenly and dispersedly load on the surface of Ni-MOF-74.The CoAl LDH@Ni-MOF-74 exhibited higher photocatalytic hydrogen evolution activity compared with Ni-MOF-74 and CoAl LDH alone,mainly because the formation of the CoAl LDH@Ni-MOF-74 S-scheme heterojunction accelerated the recombination of several electrons(from conduction band(CB)of Ni-MOF-74)and holes(from valence band(VB)of CoAl LDH)and prevented the recombination of other electrons(from CB of CoAl LDH)and holes(from VB of Ni-MOF-74). | Zhiliang Jin Yanbing Li Qingxiang Ma | 2021 | Transactions of Tianjin University2021，27，2： | 1 |
| 17 | Phase diagram calculation of high chromium cast irons and influence of its chemical composition显示文摘 | Da Li Ligang Liu Yunkun Zhang Chunlei Ye Xuejun Ren Yulin Yang Qingxiang Yang | 2008 | Materials and Design2008，，2： | 1 |
| 18 | Experiment study on compressive membrane action of slab strips restrained by shear wails 显示文摘 | Wang Qingxiang Wang Gang Li Zhongjun | 2010 | Key Engineering Materials2010，417，： | 1 |
| 19 | Detecting and Adjusting on Temporal Inhomogeneity in Chinese Mean Surface Air Temperature Dataset显示文摘 | Liu Xiaoning Zhang Hongzheng | 2004 | Adv Atmos Sci2004，21，2： | 1 |
| 20 | Coaxial foilless diode显示文摘 | Kong Long Liu Qingxiang Li Xiangqiang | 2014 | AIP Advances2014，4，05： | 1 |
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