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| 1 | Defining the advantages and exposing the limitations of endoscopic variceal ligation in controlling acute bleeding and achieving complete variceal eradication显示文摘BACKGROUND Bleeding esophageal varices(BEV)is a potentially life-threatening complication in patients with portal hypertension with mortality rates as high as 25%within six weeks of the index variceal bleed.After control of the initial bleeding episode patients should enter a long-term surveillance program with endoscopic intervention combined with non-selectiveβ-blockers to prevent further bleeding and eradicate EV.AIM To assess the efficacy of endoscopic variceal ligation(EVL)in controlling acute variceal bleeding,preventing variceal recurrence and rebleeding and achieving complete eradication of esophageal varices(EV)in patients who present with BEV.METHODS A prospectively documented single-center database was used to retrospectively identify all patients with BEV who were treated with EVL between 2000 and 2018.Control of acute bleeding,variceal recurrence,rebleeding,eradication and survival were analyzed using Baveno assessment criteria.RESULTS One hundred and forty patients(100 men,40 women;mean age 50 years;range,21-84 years;Child-Pugh grade A=32;B=48;C=60)underwent 160 emergency and 298 elective EVL interventions during a total of 928 endoscopy sessions.One hundred and fourteen(81%)of the 140 patients had variceal bleeding that was effectively controlled during the index banding procedure and never bled again from EV,while 26(19%)patients had complicated and refractory variceal bleeding.EVL controlled the acute sentinel variceal bleed during the first endoscopic intervention in 134 of 140 patients(95.7%).Six patients required balloon tamponade for control and 4 other patients rebled in hospital.Overall 5-d endoscopic failure to control variceal bleeding was 7.1%(n=10)and four patients required a salvage transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt.Index admission mortality was 14.2%(n=20).EV were completely eradicated in 50 of 111 patients(45%)who survived>3 mo of whom 31 recurred and 3 rebled.Sixteen(13.3%)of 120 surviving patients subsequently had 21 EV rebleeding episodes and 10 patients bled from other sources after discharge from hospital.Overall rebleeding from all sources after 2 years was 21.7%(n=26).Sixty-nine(49.3%)of the 140 patients died,mainly due to liver failure(n=46)during follow-up.Cumulative survival for the 140 patients was 71.4%at 1 year,65%at 3 years,60%at 5 years and 52.1%at 10 years.CONCLUSION EVL was highly effective in controlling the sentinel variceal bleed with an overall 5-day failure to control bleeding of 7.1%.Although repeated EVL achieved complete variceal eradication in less than half of patients with BEV,of whom 62%recurred,there was a significant reduction in subsequent rebleeding. | Jake Krige Eduard Jonas Urda Kotze Christo Kloppers Karan Gandhi Hisham Allam Marc Bernon Sean Burmeister Mashiko Setshedi | 2020 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy2020，12，10： | 10 |
| 2 | Molecular Testing for Mutations in Improving the Fine-Needle Aspiration Diagnosis of Thyroid Nodules显示文摘 | Yuri E. Nikiforov David L. Steward Toni M. Robinson-Smith Bryan R. Haugen Joshua P. Klopper Zhaowen Zhu James A. Fagin Mercedes Falciglia Katherine Weber Marina N. Nikiforova | 2009 | The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism2009，，： | 2 |
| 3 | Loss coefficient correlation for wet cooling tower fills显示文摘 | KLOPPERS J C KROGER D G | 2003 | Applied Thermal Engineering2003，23，17： | 1 |
| 4 | Loss coefficient correlation for wet-cool- ing tower fills显示文摘 | Kloppers JC Kroger DG | 2003 | Applied Thermal Engineering2003，23，17： | 1 |
| 5 | The Lewis factor and its influence on the performance prediction of wet-cooling towers显示文摘 | Johannes C. Kloppers Detlev G. Kr?ger | 2005 | International Journal of Thermal Sciences2005，，9： | 1 |
| 6 | A critical investigation into the heat and mass transfer analysis of counter flow wet-cooling towers 显示文摘 | Kloppers J C kroger D G | 2005 | International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer2005，48，34： | 1 |
| 7 | Effects of intraduodenal bile on interdigestive gastrointestinal and gallbladder motility in healthy subjects显示文摘 | Luiking Y C Kloppers N J Roelofs J M et a1 | 2001 | Digestion2001，63，3： | 1 |
| 8 | Loss coefficient correlation for wetcooling tower fills 显示文摘 | Kloppers J C Kroger D G | 2003 | Applied Thermal Engineering2003，23，17： | 1 |
| 9 | The plasma a half-life of placental hormones显示文摘 | Klopper A | 1979 | Br J ObstetGynecol1979，85，： | 1 |
| 10 | AFLP and RAPD markers linked to leaf rust resistance gene Lr41 in wheat显示文摘 | J-M. Lottering A-M. Botha F.J. Kloppers | 2002 | South African Journal of Plant and Soil2002，，1： | 1 |
| 11 | AFLP and RAPD markers linked to leaf rust resistance gene Lr41 in wheat显示文摘 | Lottering J M Botha A M Klopper F J | 2002 | South African Journal of Plant and Soil2002，19，： | 1 |
| 12 | Reconstruction of the flexor tendon sheath : an experimental study in rabbits显示文摘 | Oei TS Klopper PJ Spaas JA | 1996 | J Hand Surg(Br)1996，21，1： | 1 |
| 13 | Comparison of lymphatic and venous interpositional autograftsin experimental microsurgery of the canine lymphatics显示文摘 | Yuwono HS Klopper PJ | 1990 | Plast Recontr Surg1990，86，4： | 1 |
| 14 | Free-living bacterial inocula for enhancing crop productivity显示文摘 | Klopper J W Lifshitz R Zablotowicz R M | 1989 | Trends in Biotechnology1989，7，： | 1 |
| 15 | BDNF Val66Met andDRD2 TaqlA polymorphisms interact to influence PTSD symptom se-verity :a preliminary investigation in a South African population显示文摘 | Hemmings S Martin L Klopper M | 2013 | Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry2013，40，： | 1 |
| 16 | Bottle or big - scale studies : how do we do ecology? 显示文摘 | lives A R Foufopoulos J Klopper E D | 1996 | Ecology1996，77，： | 1 |
| 17 | Retinoid X receptor-γ and peroxisome proliferators- activated receptor-γ expression predicts thyroid carcinoma cell response to retinoid and thiazolidinedione treatment 显示文摘 | Klopper JP Hays WR Sharma V et oil | 2004 | Mol Cancer Ther2004，3，： | 1 |
| 18 | Strategies in assessing post operative pain-a South African study显示文摘 | Klopper H Andersson H Minkkinen M | 2006 | Intensive Crit Care Nurs2006，22，1： | 1 |
| 19 | Evidence for a unique PTSD construct represented by PTSD’s D1–D3 symptoms显示文摘 | Jon D. Elhai Tracey L. Biehn Cherie Armour Jessica J. Klopper B. Christopher Frueh Patrick A. Palmieri | 2010 | Journal of Anxiety Disorders2010，，3： | 1 |
| 20 | Effects of intraduodenal bile oninterdigestive gastrointestinal and gallbladder motility in healthy subjects显示文摘 | Luiking YC Kloppers NJ Roelofs JM | 2001 | Digestion2001，63，3： | 1 |
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