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| 1 | On the combined effect of soil fertility and topography on tree growth in subtropical forest ecosystems—a study from SE China显示文摘Aims The aim of our research was to understand small-scale effects of topography and soil fertility on tree growth in a forest biodiversity and ecosystem functioning(BEF)experiment in subtropical SE China.Methods Geomorphometric terrain analyses were carried out at a spatial resolution of 5×5 m.Soil samples of different depth increments and data on tree height were collected from a total of 566 plots(667 m2 each).The soils were analyzed for carbon(soil organic carbon[SOC]),nitrogen,acidity,cation exchange capacity(CEC),exchangeable cations and base saturation as soil fertility attributes.All plots were classified into geomorphological units.Analyses of variance and linear regressions were applied to all terrain,soil fertility and tree growth attributes.Important Findings In general,young and shallow soils and relatively small differences in stable soil properties suggest that soil erosion has truncated the soils to a large extent over the whole area of the experiment.This explains the concurrently increasing CEC and SOC stocks downslope,in hollows and in valleys.However,colluvial,carbon-rich sediments are missing widely due to the convexity of the footslopes caused by uplift and removal of eroded sediments by adjacent waterways.The results showed that soil fertility is mainly influenced by topography.Monte-Carlo flow accumulation(MCCA),curvature,slope and aspect significantly affected soil fertility.Furthermore,soil fertility was affected by the different geomorphological positions on the experimental sites with ridge and spur positions showing lower exchangeable base cation contents,especially potassium(K),due to leaching.This geomorphological effect of soil fertility is most pronounced in the topsoil and decreases when considering the subsoil down to 50 cm depth.Few soil fertility attributes affect tree height after 1-2 years of growth,among which C stocks proved to be most important while pH_(KCl)and CEC only played minor roles.Nevertheless,soil acidity and a high proportion of Al on the exchange complex affected tree height even after only 1-2 years growth.Hence,our study showed that forest nutrition is coupled to a recycling of litter nutrients,and does not only depend on subsequent supply of nutrients from the mineral soil.Besides soil fertility,topography affected tree height.We found that especially MCCA as indicator of water availability affected tree growth at small-scale,as well as aspect.Overall,our synthesis on the interrelation between fertility,topography and tree growth in a subtropical forest ecosystem in SE China showed that topographic heterogeneity lead to ecological gradients across geomorphological positions.In this respect,small-scale soil-plant interactions in a young forest can serve as a driver for the future development of vegetation and biodiversity control on soil fertility.In addition,it shows that terrain attributes should be accounted for in ecological research. | Thomas Scholten Philipp Goebes Peter Kühn Steffen Seitz Thorsten Assmann Jürgen Bauhus Helge Bruelheide Francois Buscot Alexandra Erfmeier Markus Fischer Werner Härdtle Jin-Sheng He Keping Ma Pascal A.Niklaus Michael Scherer-Lorenzen Bernhard Schmid Xuezheng Shi Zhengshan Song Goddert von Oheimb Christian Wirth Tesfaye Wubet Karsten Schmidt | 2017 | Journal of Plant Ecology2017，10，1： | 22 |
| 2 | Climate and litter C/N ratio constrain soil organic carbon accumulation显示文摘Soil organic carbon(SOC) plays critical roles in stabilizing atmospheric CO2 concentration, but the mechanistic controls on the amount and distribution of SOC on global scales are not well understood. In turn, this has hampered the ability to model global C budgets and to find measures to mitigate climate change. Here, based on the data from a large field survey campaign with 2600 plots across China’s forest ecosystems and a global collection of published data from forested land, we find that a low litter carbon-to-nitrogen ratio(C/N) and high wetness index(P/PET, precipitation-to-potentialevapotranspiration ratio) are the two factors that promote SOC accumulation, with only minor contributions of litter quantity and soil texture. The field survey data demonstrated that high plant diversity decreased litter C/N and thus indirectly promoted SOC accumulation by increasing the litter quality. We conclude that any changes in plant-community composition, plant-species richness and environmental factors that can reduce the litter C/N ratio, or climatic changes that increase wetness index, may promote SOC accumulation. The study provides a guideline for modeling the carbon cycle of various ecosystem scales and formulates the principle for land-based actions for mitigating the rising atmospheric CO2 concentration. | Guoyi Zhou Shan Xu Philippe Ciais Stefano Manzoni Jingyun Fang Guirui Yu Xuli Tang Ping Zhou Wantong Wang Junhua Yan Gengxu Wang Keping Ma Shenggong Li Sheng Du Shijie Han Youxin Ma Deqiang Zhang Juxiu Liu Shizhong Liu Guowei Chu Qianmei Zhang Yuelin Li Wenjuan Huang Hai Ren Xiankai Lu Xiuzhi Chen | 2019 | National Science Review2019，6，4： | 21 |
| 3 | Interactive effects of water and nitrogen addition on soil microbial communities in a semiarid steppe显示文摘Aims Better understanding of microbial compositional and physiological acclimation mechanisms is critical for predicting terrestrial ecosystem responses to global change.The aim is to assess variations in soil microbial communities under future scenarios of changing precipitation and N deposition in a semiarid grassland of northern China.Methods In order to explicitly estimate microbial responses,a field experiment with water and N addition was established in April 2005 and continuously conducted for 4 years.Specifically,soil microbial community composition and microbial C utilization potential were determined by phospholipid fatty acid(PLFA)and community-level physiological profiles,respectively.Important Findings Water addition had no effects on the PLFA concentrations of grampositive(GP)and negative bacteria(GN),total bacteria and fungi.However,N addition caused significant reductions in the PLFA concentrations of GP,GN,total bacteria and fungi and thus decreased total PLFA of microbial communities.Moreover,there were interactive effects of water and N addition on GN/GPand the ratio of fungal to bacterial PLFA(F/B).In addition,synergistic effects were found between water and nitrogen in affecting microbial C utilization potentials,which implies that microbial C utilization potentials tend to be enhanced when both N and water availability are sufficient.Overall,the microbial responses to water and N addition support our hypothesis that water and N addition may be combined together to affect microbial communities in the semiarid grassland. | Jie Bi Naili Zhang Yu Liang Haijun Yang Keping Ma | 2012 | Journal of Plant Ecology2012，5，3： | 21 |
| 4 | Interspecific and intraspecific variation in specific root length drives aboveground biodiversity effects in young experimental forest stands显示文摘Aims Although the net biodiversity effect(NE)can be statistically partitioned into complementarity and selection effects(CE and SE),there are different underlying mechanisms that can cause a certain partitioning.Our objective was to assess the role of resource partitioning and species interactions as two important mechanisms that can bring about CEs by interspecific and intraspecific trait variation.Methods We measured tree height of 2493 living individuals in 57 plots and specific root length(SRL)on first-order roots of 368 of these individuals across different species richness levels(1,2,4,8 species)in a large-scale forest biodiversity and ecosystem functioning experiment in subtropical China(BEF-China)established in 2009.We describe the effects of resource partitioning between species by a fixed component of interspecific functional diversity(RaoQ)and further effects of species interactions by variable components of interspecific and intraspecific functional diversity(community weighted trait similarity and trait dissimilarity,CWS and CWD).Finally,we examined the relationships between biodiversity effects on stand-level tree height and functional diversity(RaoQ,CWS and CWD)in SRL using linear regression and assessed the relative importance of these three components of functional diversity in explaining the diversity effects.Important Findings Our results show that species richness significantly affected SRL in five and tree height in ten out of 16 species.A positive NE was generally brought about by a positive CE on stand-level tree height and related to high values of RaoQ and CWS in SRL.A positive CE was related to high values of all three components of root functional diversity(RaoQ,CWS and CWD).Our study suggests that both resource partitioning and species interactions are the underlying mechanisms of biodiversity effects on stand-level tree growth in subtropical forest. | Wensheng Bu Bernhard Schmid Xiaojuan Liu Ying Li Werner Härdtle Goddert von Oheimb Yu Liang Zhenkai Sun Yuanyuan Huang Helge Bruelheide Keping Ma | 2017 | Journal of Plant Ecology2017，10，1： | 18 |
| 5 | Altitudinal changes of surface pollen and vegetation on the north slope of the Middle Tianshan Mountains,China显示文摘To provide information on vegetation patterns and altitudinal distributions of pollen assemblage in surface soil layers,their complicated relationships in a dryland mountain-basin system in northwestern China and a realistic basis for paleovegetational reconstruction,we investigated 86 vegetation quadrats and analyzed 80 soil samples from the surface soil layers along an altitudinal transect on the north slope of the Middle Tianshan Mountains from alpine cushion vegetation at 3,510 m near glacier to desert vegetation at 460 m in the Gurbantunggut Desert.According to surface pollen assemblages and the results of the detrended correspondence analysis,the transect can be divided into six major altitudinal pollen zones as alpine cushion vegetation,alpine and subalpine meadows,montane Picea forest,forest-steppe ecotone,Artemisia desert and typical desert,which basically reflect the characteristics of the mountainous vegetation patterns on the north slope of the Middle Tianshan Mountains.However,Picea pollen also exists outside the spruce forest,Chenopodiaceae and Artemisia pollen appeared above the elevation of 1,300 m,indicating that most of them might be introduced from lower elevations by upslope winds.Airborne pollen researches from three regions at different elevations further suggest that a high-frequency northwest anabatic wind has a remarkable influence on the transportation and dispersion of surface pollen in the area. | YANG Zhenjing ZHANG Yun REN Haibao YAN Shun KONG Zhaochen MA Keping NI Jian | 2016 | Journal of Arid Land2016，8，5： | 17 |
| 6 | The global significance of biodiversity science in China: an overview显示文摘Biodiversity science in China has seen rapid growth over recent decades,ranging from baseline biodiversity studies to understanding the processes behind evolution across dynamic regions such as the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau.We review research,including species catalogues;biodiversity monitoring;the origins,distributions,maintenance and threats to biodiversity;biodiversity-related ecosystem function and services;and species and ecosystems'responses to global change.Next,we identify priority topics and offer suggestions and priorities for future biodiversity research in China.These priorities include(i)the ecology and biogeography of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau and surrounding mountains,and that of subtropical and tropical forests across China;(ii)marine and inland aquatic biodiversity;and(iii)effective conservation and management to identify and maintain synergies between biodiversity and socio-economic development to fulfil China's vision for becoming an ecological civilization.In addition,we propose three future strategies:(i)translate advanced biodiversity science into practice for biodiversity conservation;(ii)strengthen capacity building and application of advanced technologies,including high-throughput sequencing,genomics and remote sensing;and(iii)strengthen and expand international collaborations.Based on the recent rapid progress of biodiversity research,China is well positioned to become a global leader in biodiversity research in the near future. | Xiangcheng Mi Gang Feng Yibo Hu Jian Zhang Lei Chen Richard T.Corlett Alice C.Hughes Stuart Pimm Bernhard Schmid Suhua Shi Jens-Christian Svenning Keping Ma | 2021 | National Science Review2021，8，7： | 16 |
| 7 | Positive effects of tree species richness on fine-root production in a subtropical forest in SE-China显示文摘Aims Fine roots play an important role in the biogeochemical cycles of terrestrial ecosystems and are vital for understanding forest ecosystem functioning and services.Higher plant species diversity has been largely reported to increase aboveground community biomass,but how biodiversity affects fine-root production and the related mechanisms in forests remain unclear.In this study,we aim to answer two questions:(i)does fine-root production increase with tree species richness?(ii)Can this effect be explained by niche complementarity among species?Methods We analyzed data from a large forest biodiversity experiment(BEF-China)with 5-year-old trees.Fine-root growth was measured as standing biomass and annual fine-root regrowth was estimated using ingrowth cores.Moreover,relative yield was calculated to test whether over-or under-yielding occurred when mixtures were compared with the average monoculture of the species included in the mixtures.We calculated functional diversity for fine-root(≤2 mm in diameter)traits by Rao’s quadratic entropy index for each species mixture.The effects of manipulated tree species richness and identity on fine-root traits were analyzed with linear mixed-effects models.Mixed models were also used to test the relationships between tree species richness and fine-root standing biomass,annual regrowth and vertical heterogeneity.Important Findings Fine roots of more than one species were found in half of the soil cores in mixtures indicating that belowground interactions in these young forest stands occurred much earlier than canopy closure.We found significant differences among species in fine-root traits such as diameter and specific root length(SRL),which suggested different resource-use strategies and niche partitioning among species.Mean fine-root diameter of species ranged from 0.31 to 0.74 mm,mean SRL ranged from 12.43 m·g^(−1)to 70.22 m·g^(−1)and mean vertical distribution indexβranged from 0.68 to 0.93.There was a significant positive relationship between species richness and the evenness of the vertical distribution of fine-root standing biomass.Moreover,marginally significant positive relationships existed between species richness and standing biomass as well as annual regrowth of fine roots.Relative yields and Rao’s quadratic entropy index were both not significantly affected by species richness.However,the relative yield of fine-root standing biomass was marginally correlated with Rao’s quadratic entropy index,implying that belowground niche complementarity between species does contribute to diversity effects.In conclusion,our study showed positive effects of species richness on the filling of soil volume by fine roots in the studied experimental forest communities.This has positive effects on fine-root standing biomass and may also lead to increased aboveground biomass. | Zhenkai Sun Xiaojuan Liu Bernhard Schmid Helge Bruelheide Wensheng Bu Keping Ma | 2017 | Journal of Plant Ecology2017，10，1： | 14 |
| 8 | 转录因子Sp1在胃癌组织中的表达及其与胃癌预后的关系显示文摘目的探讨转录因子Sp1在胃癌组织中的表达情况及与胃癌患者预后的关系。方法采用免疫组化方法,检测Sp1在86例胃癌组织、53例淋巴结转移灶和57例正常胃黏膜组织中的表达情况,利用凝胶电泳迁移率分析(EMSA)检测正常胃黏膜组织和胃癌组织中的Sp1活性。应用Cox比例风险回归模型进行多因素分析,确立影响预后的独立因素。结果Sp1蛋白主要在黏液颈细胞胞核内表达,在胃小凹和腺上皮细胞中未见表达。同时,SP1在胃癌组织中高表达,而在胃癌邻近组织、胃癌间质细胞和腺体细胞中呈弱表达或无表达。在胃癌组织中,Sp1阴性表达、弱表达和高表达患者的中位生存时间分别为43个月、47个月和8个月,生存率差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。多因素分析显示,Sp1表达、肿瘤分期是影响患者预后的独立因素。结论Sp1在胃癌组织中高表达,可作为预测胃癌患者预后的重要指标。 | 王理伟 李琦 华召来 周翡 Keping Xie Daoyan Wei James Yao Jaffer Ajani | 2007 | 中华肿瘤杂志2007，29，2： | 10 |
| 9 | Comparison of phylobetadiversity indices based on community data from Gutianshan forest plot显示文摘Phylobetadiversity incorporates phylogenetic information and beta diversity,and can account for the ecological similarities between communities with a phylogenetic perspective.Although different phylobetadiversity indices reflect differences in different characteristics between communities,the results of different phylobetadiversity indices are not comparable.In this study we examined phylobetadiversity indices for a 24-hm 2 plot in the Gutianshan National Nature Reserve.It was found the abundanceweighted D pw was almost identical to Rao's D of Rao's quadratic entropy.PhyloSor had a similar ecological meaning and algorithm to UniFrac.Although Dnn was different in definition from UniFrac and PhyloSor,they were all strongly correlated.The effect of species abundance on phylobetadiversity was not significant when scales were relatively small,but was significant at larger scales.These contrasts likely resulted from reductions in evenness in communities as scales increased.P ST and Rao's H better reflected the distance-decay changes caused by spatial and habitat variation than other indices at larger scales,whereas AW-D nn and D nn better reflected these changes at small scales. | FENG Gang ZHANG JinLong PEI NanCai RAO MiDe MI XiangCheng REN HaiBao MA KePing | 2012 | Chinese Science Bulletin2012，57，6： | 9 |
| 10 | Pancreatic cancer stromal biology and therapy显示文摘Pancreatic cancer is one of the most lethal malignancies.Significant progresses have been made in understanding of pancreatic cancer pathogenesis,including appreciation of precursor lesions or premalignant pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia(PanINs),description of sequential transformation from normal pancreatic tissue to invasive pancreatic cancer and identification of major genetic and epigenetic events and the biological impact of those events on malignant behavior.However,the currently used therapeutic strategies targeting tumor epithelial cells,which are potent in cell culture and animal models,have not been successful in the clinic.Presumably,therapeutic resistance of pancreatic cancer is at least in part due to its drastic desmoplasis,which is a defining hallmark for and circumstantially contributes to pancreatic cancer development and progression.Improved understanding of the dynamic interaction between cancer cells and the stroma is important to better understanding pancreatic cancer biology and to designing effective intervention strategies.This review focuses on the origination,evolution and disruption of stromal molecular and cellular components in pancreatic cancer,and their biological effects on pancreatic cancer pathogenesis. | Dacheng Xie Keping Xie | 2015 | Genes & Diseases2015，2，2： | 9 |
| 11 | 肿瘤药物靶向治疗的最新进展显示文摘肿瘤药物的靶向治疗是以已知肿瘤发生中涉及的异常分子和基因为靶点而设计和研制的药物。实践证明,肿瘤靶向药物治疗为乳腺癌、肠癌、肺癌等多种恶性肿瘤的治疗提供了新的有效方法。肿瘤靶向药物分为肿瘤细胞单克隆抗体和抑制肿瘤细胞增殖的靶向药物,其中前者又包括抗肿瘤单抗药物和抗肿瘤单抗偶联物。本文对肿瘤抗体介导的靶向治疗药物的应用现状作一阐述。 | 王理伟 周翡 李琦 Keping Xie | 2006 | 肿瘤2006，26，4： | 9 |
| 12 | On the designing principles and optimization approaches of bio-inspired self-organized network: a survey显示文摘A plethora of studies on self-organization has been carried out in broad areas including chemistry, biology, astronomy, medical science, telecommunications, etc., in both academia and industry. Following the studies on swarm intelligence observed in social species, the artificial self-organized systems are expected to exhibit some intelligent features (e.g., flexibility, robustness, decentralized control, self-evolution, etc.) that may have made social species so successful in the biosphere. In this paper, the application of swarm intelligence in communications networks will be studied, and we survey different aspects of bio-inspired mechanisms and examine various algorithms that have been proposed to improve the performance of artificial systems. Some fundamental self-organized networking (SON) mechanisms, designing principles and optimization approaches for artificial systems will then be investigated, followed by some well-known bio-inspired algorithms (e.g., cooperation, division of labor, distributed network synchronization, load balancing, etc.) as well as their applications to the maintenance/operation/optimization of artificial systems being analyzed. Besides, some new emerging technologies, such as the Self-X capabilities and cognitive machine-to-machine (M2M) optimization for the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) Long Term Evolution (LTE)/LTE-Advanced systems, are also surveyed. Finally, the remaining challenges to be faced in designing the future heterogeneous systems will be discussed. | ZHANG ZhongShan HUANGFU Wei LONG KePing ZHANG Xu LIU XiaoYuan ZHONG Bin | 2013 | Science China(Information Sciences)2013，56，7： | 9 |
| 13 | Climate change threats to protected plants of China: an evaluation based on species distribution modeling显示文摘Climate change poses major new challenges to biodiversity conservation. Distribution ranges of species have been proven to be affected by climate anomalies.Detecting the extent of protected species response to climate change can help formulate flexible conservation strategies to overcome the changing climate. Using species distribution modeling and high resolution climate data, we simulated current distribution patterns of 233 protected plants in China. Those patterns were then projected into future suitable habitats for each species under nine climate change scenarios, with no migration or full migration hypotheses. Under the most extreme climate change scenario(CGCM-B2a), we evaluated species extinction risks.Sixteen percent of protected plants are expected to lose more than 30 % of their current ranges. By calculating areal shifts, hotspots for emigrants, immigrants, and persistent species were identified under climate change.Flexible conservation strategies were addressed for thoseregions. Those strategies strongly depend on the migration types of species and sensitivity of the hotspots to changing climate. In hotspots for emigrants, the main conservation strategy is ex situ protection; protected species from these regions should be stored in seed banks or botanical gardens. For hotspots of immigrants, enough space should be maintained for new species, and some measures are necessary to assist dispersal. For hotspots of persistent species,more natural reserves are needed. We highlight related fields that can help conserve protected species in the future,such as conserving the soil seed bank and understanding of the effects of migration ability and interactions between protected species. | Yinbo Zhang Yuzhuo Wang Minggang Zhang Keping Ma | 2014 | Chinese Science Bulletin2014，59，34： | 8 |
| 14 | Association of renal function with cardiac reverse remodeling and long-term outcome in heart failure patients following cardiac resynchronization therapy显示文摘 | Cai Chi Hua Wei Ding Ligang Wang Jing Chen Keping Yang Xinwei Liu Zhimin Zhang Shu | 2014 | Chinese Medical Journal2014，，23： | 8 |
| 15 | 散发性结直肠癌3号染色体等位基因杂合缺失显示文摘目的 了解散发性结直肠癌 (SCRC) 3号染色体等位基因杂合缺失 (LOH)发生情况 ,探讨其与临床病理特征间的关系 ,并对 3号染色体上可能的SCRC相关基因进行初步定位。方法 用覆盖 3号染色体的 13个微卫星标记对 83例散发性结直肠癌进行LOH扫描分析。结果 3号染色体至少有两个位点发生LOH者占 39% (2 9/74) ,3p所选 4个位点中至少有一个发生LOH者占 37% (2 7/74) ,3q所选 9个位点中至少有一个发生LOH者占 5 3 % (39/74)。整条染色体上以D3S130 0 (3p14.2 )位点LOH率最高 ,达 5 4% (2 3/4 3)。 3qLOH在远端结直肠癌较近端高发。 3p及D3S130 0LOH阳性肿瘤多表现为浸润型生长和局部侵犯 ,并多发于大于 5 0岁的老年患者。结论 3号染色体存在散在分布及区域性高频等位基因LOH ,并与SCRC临床病理资料相关 ,提示其上SCRC相关基因的存在。高频LOH位点D3S130 0的发现 ,提示 3p14.2附近区域的FHIT基因可能作为肿瘤抑制基因在结直肠癌的发生发展中发挥作用。 | 彭志海 凌云 柏邵春 唐华美 周崇治 裘国强 刘万清 Keping Xie 贺林 | 2001 | 中华医学杂志2001，81，6： | 8 |
| 16 | Structure of the Upper Mantle and Transition Zone Beneath the South China Block Imaged by Finite Frequency Tomography显示文摘We applied the finite frequency tomography method to S wave data recorded by 350 broadband stations beneath the South China Block(SCB) and its surroundings from earthquakes occurring between July 2007 and July 2010,to better understand upper mantle deformation.Differential travel-times in the pair of stations with appropriate weighting for each station are used in the inversion.Our results are consistent with previous tomography that show a high velocity anomaly beneath the Sichuan basin and a high velocity anomaly in the transition zone beneath the Yangtze Craton.However,the resolution of mantle heterogeneity provides new insight into the tectonic framework of subduction of Burmese lithosphere in the west part of the study region and subduction of oceanic lithosphere in the east.In the subduction realm,west of 107°E,a significant fast S-wave anomaly is located on the southeast of Sichuan Basin.East of 107°E,and two narrow and discontinuous fast S-wave anomalies occur at a depth of 400-600 km beneath the middle of the South China block overlain by the pronounced low S-wave anomalies at a depth of 100 and 400 km.If the fast anomalies located in the mantle transition zone represent stagnant slabs,their fragmented nature may suggest that they could be produced by different episodes of subduction beneath western Pacific island and the above slow velocity anomaly may associated with the back-arc regions of ongoing subduction.In addition,tomography also reveals an anomalously high S-wave velocity continental root extends eastward to a depth 400 km beneath the eastern Sichuan Basin.This anomaly may be related to eastern extrusion of Indian lithosphere associated with the collision of India and Eurasia.Moreover,our results also show large slow anomalies beneath the Red River fault region connected to deeper anomalies beneath the South China Fold Belt and South China Sea.AH these observations are consistent with the scenario that the South China block has been built by both of subduction of Paleopacific plate and eastward subduction of Burma microplate. | SUN Ya LIU Jianxin TANG Youcai CHEN Jiawei ZHOU Keping CHEN Bo | 2016 | Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition)2016，90，5： | 8 |
| 17 | An adaptive path selection model for WSN multipath routing inspired by metabolism behaviors显示文摘In multipath routing of wireless sensor network(WSN), greedy path selection is always prone to cause path oscillation(frequent path changes) between each couple of sensor and sink nodes. To alleviate the side effect, we propose an adaptive path selection model(called a WSN path selection model based on the adaptive response by attractor selection(ARAS) model(WARAS)) inspired by metabolism behaviors of Escherichia Coli.The model consists of two main features. The first one is a new formula for a parameter called path-activity used to indicate adaptation goodness of multipath traffic transmission in dynamic network environments, which is inversely proportional to absolute value of difference between current path quality and best path quality.The second one is a novel attractor expression for attractors of multi-attractor equations to concretely specify stochastic effect of noise items in the equations on the path selection. Then, in an experimental WSN scenario composed of many source nodes and their shared neighbor nodes, we validate a dynamic-adaptive selection characteristic of the WARAS on distributing loads of the neighbor nodes. Subsequently, we design a path quality probe scheme in a multipath ad hoc on-demand distance vector routing(AODV) protocol. Compared with the greedy path selection through the path quality probe scheme, simulation results show the WARAS can perform better on reducing network delay and the path oscillation. | GONG WeiBing YANG XiaoLong ZHANG Min LONG KePing | 2015 | Science China(Information Sciences)2015，58，10： | 8 |
| 18 | Expression of non-structural protein NS3 gene of Bombyx mori densovirus (China isolate)显示文摘The invertebrate parvovirus Bombyx mori Densonucleosis Virus type 3 (China isolate), named BmDNV-3, is a kind of bidensovirus. It is a new type of virus with unique replication mechanisms. To investigate the effects of the NS3 gene during viral DNA replication, a pair of primers was designed for amplifying NS3 gene of Bombyx mori densovirus (China isolate). Gene NS3 amplified was cloned into a prokaryotic expression vector pET-30a and the donor plasmid pFastBacHTe, respectively. The NS3 protein was expressed in Escherichia coli BL21. The pFastBacHTe-NS3 was transformed to E. coli DH10Bac. The recombinant bacmid baculoviruses (rBacmid-EGFP-NS3) isolated from the white colonies were transfected into BmN-4 cells using a transfection reagent. BmN-4 cells were infected with recom-binant virus to express fusion proteins. The expression of fusion protein around 30 kDa in E. coli BL21 was identified by SDS-PAGE, Western blotting, and mass spectrometry. The expressed NS3 protein by B. mori nucleopolyhedrovirus bacmid system was confirmed by Western blotting using an anti-NS3 polyclonal antibody. And about 45 kDa protein was found. The expressed fusion protein was smaller than the expected size of EGFP-NS3, 55 kDa. Western blotting analysis indicated that EGFP-NS3 protein was expressed in infected lar-vae with smaller molecular size. | Huijuan Yin Qin Yao Zhongjian Guo Fang Bao Wei Yu Jun Li Keping Chen | 2008 | Journal of Genetics and Genomics2008，35，4： | 7 |
| 19 | Impact of tree diversity and environmental conditions on the survival of shrub species in a forest biodiversity experiment in subtropical China显示文摘Aims Although shrubs are an important component of forests,their role has not yet been considered in forest biodiversity experiments.In the biodiversity-ecosystem functioning(BEF)experiment with subtropical tree species in south-east China(BEF-China),we factorially combined tree with shrub species-diversity treatments.Here,we tested the hypotheses that shrub survival differs between the 10 planted shrub species,with lower survival rates of late-than early-successional species and is affected by environmental conditions,such as topography and top soil characteristics,as well as by biotic factors,represented by tree,shrub and herb layer characteristics.Methods We analyzed the survival of 42000 shrub individuals in 105 plots varying in tree and shrub species richness of the BEF-China project four years after planting.Shrub survival was analyzed with generalized linear mixed effects models at the level of individuals and with variance partitioning at the plot level.Random intercept and random slope models of different explanatory variables were compared with respect to the Bayesian Information Criterion(BIC).Important Findings Survival rates differed largely between the 10 shrub species,ranging from 26%to 91%for Ardisia crenata and Distylium buxifolium,respectively.Irrespective of species identity,single abiotic factors explained up to 5%of species survival,with a negative effect of altitude and slope inclination and a positive effect of the topsoil carbon to nitrogen ratio,which pointed to drought as the major cause of shrub mortality.In contrast,neither tree nor shrub richness affected shrub survival at this early stage of the experiment.Among the biotic predictors,only herb layer species richness and cover of the dominant fern species(Dicranopteris pedata)affected shrub survival.Overall,our models that included all variables could explain about 65%in shrub survival,with environmental variables being most influential,followed by shrub species identity,while tree species diversity(species richness and identity)and herb layer characteristics contributed much less.Thus,in this early stage of the experiment the biotic interactions among shrubs and between shrubs and trees have not yet overruled the impact of abiotic environmental factors. | Bo Yang Ying Li Bingyang Ding Sabine Both Alexandra Erfmeier Werner Härdtle Keping Ma Bernhard Schmid Thomas Scholten Gunnar Seidler Goddert von Oheimb Xuefei Yang Helge Bruelheide | 2017 | Journal of Plant Ecology2017，10，1： | 7 |
| 20 | Spray and forward:Efficient routing based on the Markov location prediction model for DTNs显示文摘Typical delay tolerant networks(DTNs)often suffer from long and variable delays,frequent connectivity disruptions,and high bit error rates.In DTNs,the design of an efficient routing algorithm is one of the key issues.The existing methods improve the accessibility probability of the data transmission by transmitting many copies of the packet to the network,but they may cause a high network overhead.To address the tradeoff between a successful delivery ratio and the network overhead,we propose a DTN routing algorithm based on the Markov location prediction model,called the spray and forward routing algorithm(SFR).Based on historical information of the nodes,the algorithm uses the second-order Markov forecasting mechanism to predict the location of the destination node,and then forwards the data by greedy routing,which reduces the copies of packets by spraying the packets in a particular direction.In contrast to a fixed mode where a successful-delivery ratio and routing overhead are contradictory,a hybrid strategy with multi-copy forwarding is able to reduce the copies of the packets efficiently and at the same time maintain an acceptable successful-delivery ratio.The simulation results show that the proposed SFR is efficient enough to provide better network performance than the spray and wait routing algorithm,in scenarios with sparse node density and fast mobility of the nodes. | DANG Fei YANG XiaoLong LONG KePing | 2012 | Science China(Information Sciences)2012，55，2： | 6 |
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