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| 1 | Hydration lubrication显示文摘The hydration lubrication paradigm,whereby hydration layers are both strongly held by the charges they surround,and so can support large pressures without being squeezed out,and at the same time remain very rapidly relaxing and so have a fluid response to shear,provides a framework for understanding,controlling,and designing very efficient boundary lubrication systems in aqueous and biological media.This review discusses the properties of confined water,which-unlike organic solvents-retains its fluidity down to molecularly thin films.It then describes lubrication by hydrated ions trapped between charged surfaces,and by other hydrated boundary species including charged and zwitterionic polymer brushes,surfactant monolayers,liposomes,and biological macromolecules implicated in synovial joint lubrication.Finally,challenges and prospects for future development of this new boundary lubrication approach are considered. | Jacob KLEIN | 2013 | Friction2013，1，1： | 38 |
| 2 | Hepatic steatosis is associated with an increased risk of carotid atherosclerosis显示文摘AIM: Although an association between helatic steatosis and vascular risk factors has been described, direct relationships between fatty liver and atherosclerosis have not yet been investigated. The aim of the present study has been to investigate those relationships.METHODS: The Study of Health in Pomerania examined a random population sample aged between 20 and 79 years.A study population of 4 222 subjects without hepatitis B and C infections and without liver cirrhosis was available for the present analysis. Hepatic steatosis was defined sonographically and intima-media thickness (IMT) as well as plaque prevalence were estimated by carotid ultrasound.RESULTS: The prevalence rate of hepatic steatosis was 29.9%. Among subjects aged ≥45 years, an association between hepatic steatosis and IMT of the carotid arteries was found in bivariate analysis, but not after adjustment for atherosclerotic risk factors. Individuals with fatty liver had more often carotid plaques than persons without fatty liver (plaque prevalence rate 76.8% vs 66.6%; P<0.001).This association persisted after adjustment for confounding factors and was predominantly present in subjects with no to mild alcohol consumption.CONCLUSION: There is an independent association between hepatic steatosis and carotid atherosclerotic plaques. Metabolic changes due to nonalcoholic fatty liver disease may explain this relationship. | Henry V(o|¨)lzke Daniel M.Robinson Volker Kleine Roland Deutscher Wolfgang Hoffmann Jan Lüdemann Ulf Schminke Christof Kessler Ulrich John | 2005 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2005，11，12： | 29 |
| 3 | 加拿大草原地区的残茬覆盖管理显示文摘加拿大草原地区旱地农作史开始于19世纪末期。由于草原干旱、强风条件的影响,以及土壤管理上的失误(如黑色夏休闲等),导致了本世纪30年代特大尘暴的发生,由此引起了40年代农作制的变革──领先推出残茬覆盖农作制,研制出残茬留量高的一类耕作机具,推动厂保持耕作的开展。加拿大半干旱草原50多年保持耕作实践,积累了较多的防止土壤侵蚀的残茬管理经验。 | 王小彬 Klein,KK | 1996 | 土壤肥料1996，，2： | 18 |
| 4 | Catalytic domain of PDC-E2 contains epitopes recognized by antimitochondrial antibodies in primary biliary cirrhosis显示文摘AIM:To search for further immunodominant peptides of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex E2-component (PDC-E2) recognized by antimitochondrial antibodies (AMA) in primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC). METHODS:Sera from 95 patients with PBC were tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay against 33 synthetic overlapping peptides (25 amino acids; aa) covering the entire length of the E2-subunit of PDC-E2. Furthermore,the inner lipoyl peptide 167-184 was used in an unlip oylated and a lipoylated form as well as coupled to ovalbumin. Sera from 11 AMA negative/ANA posit ive PBC patients,63 patients with other liver disorders and 22 healthy blood donors served as controls.RESULTS:Of the 95 PBC-sera,74% reacted with the peptide 475-499 and 58% with the pept ide 407-431 located within the catalytic domain of PDC-E2. Patients with other disorders or healthy controls were positive in only up to 18%. Antibodies to the unlipoylatedand lip oylated pept ide 167-184 within the inner lipoyl domain were found in only 5% and 11% of the PBC sera,respectively; using ovalbumin-coupled peptides,the incidence increased up to 57% (unlipoylated form). CONCLUSION:Peptides within the catalytic site of PDC-E2 rather than the previously reported lipoyl binding peptide 167-184 may represent major immunodomin ant epitopes recognized by AMA in PBC. | Sandra Braun Christoph Berg Sandra Buck Michael Gregor Reinhild Klein | 2010 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2010，16，8： | 13 |
| 5 | 炎性因子与视网膜血管直径相关吗? Beaver Dam 眼研究显示文摘目的:研究系统炎性反应标志物、内皮功能障碍和血清叶酸与视网膜血管直径的关系。
方法:横断面研究随机纳入1988-1990年间进行基线检测的396名年龄介于50~86岁的患者。按照血液收集和测定的标准化协议分析炎性标记物,使用数字化照片测量视网膜动脉和静脉的直径,并进行标准单变量和多变量分析。 | Ronald KLein Barbara E. K. Klein Michael D. Knudtson Tien Y. Wong Michael Y. Tsai 王婷(译) | 2006 | 美国医学会眼科杂志(中文版)2006，18，4： | 12 |
| 6 | Diagnostic utility of IgG and IgM immunohistochemistry in autoimmune liver disease显示文摘AIM:To assess the role of IgM and IgG immunohistochemistry(IHC) in the evaluation of autoimmune liver conditions-autoimmune hepatitis(AIH),primary biliary cirrhosis(PBC),and primary sclerosing cholangitis(PSC).METHODS:Forty one biopsies from untreated patients diagnosed with autoimmune liver disease(AIH,n = 20;PBC,n = 13;PSC,n = 8) and fourteen biopsies of patients with chronic hepatitis C were selected.IgM and IgG-positive plasma cells were counted in each sample.RESULTS:A predominance of IgG-positive plasma cells was seen in AIH(90% of cases),PSC(75% of cases),and chronic hepatitis C(100% of cases),while IgMpositive plasma cells predominated in PBC(92.8% ofcases).The IgM /IgG ratio(< 1 or ≥ 1) accurately distinguished PBC from AIH in 90.9% of cases(sensitivity = 92.3%,specificity = 90%),and PBC from either AIH or PSC in 87.8% of cases(sensitivity = 92.3%,specificity = 85.7%).CONCLUSION:Plasmacytic infiltrates expressing predominantly IgM are characteristic of PBC,while other forms of liver disease analyzed in this study,including AIH,typically show an IgG-predominant plasma cell infiltrate.Our data indicate that IgM and IgG IHC may be a useful tool when PBC is a diagnostic consideration. | Roger Klein Moreira Frank Revetta Elizabeth Koehler Mary Kay Washington | 2010 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2010，16，4： | 11 |
| 7 | Redox-Dependent Regulation of the Stress-Induced Zinc-Finger Protein SAP12 in Arabidopsis thaliana显示文摘联系压力的蛋白质 SAP12 属于联系压力的蛋白质(树液) 与在 Arabidopsis thaliana 的 14 个成员一起的家庭。SAP12 包含二根 AN1 锌手指并且作为经历主要氧化还原作用依赖者 conformational 变化的蛋白质在斜 2D 氧化还原作用 SDSPAGE 被识别。它的抄本强烈以类似于 SAP10 的一种时间依赖者方式在冷、咸的应力下面被导致,与在 6 以后的高水平 ? 在 24 和 48 以后的 h 和减少的层次 ? h。抄本规定在 24 和 48 点压力标记 peroxiredoxin PrxIID 类似于那些 ? h。Recombinant SAP12 蛋白质在在非减少的 SDS polyacrylamide 胶化电气泳动由改变的 electrophoretic 活动性设想了的第四级的结构显示出氧化还原作用依赖者变化。氧化 oligomer 被高 dithiothreitol 集中减少,并且另外由 E。有低 dithiothreitol (DTT ) 的 coli thioredoxin TrxA 加 NADPH 依赖的 thioredoxin reductase 的集中或 NADPH。从西方的污点, SAP12 蛋白质数量被估计在 0.5 的范围 ? ng ? g ? 1 叶蛋白质。SAP12 蛋白质在盐和冷应力下面减少了。这些数据建议一个氧化还原作用在特别地在冷、咸的应力下面的植物房间的 SAP12 的连接状态的功能。 | Elke Stroeher Xin-Jia Wang Nils Roloff Peter Klein Arne Husemann Karl-Josef Dietz | 2009 | Molecular Plant2009，2，2： | 11 |
| 8 | Estimation of aboveground biomass using in situ hyperspectral measurements in five major grassland ecosystems on the Tibetan Plateau显示文摘Aims There are numerous grassland ecosystem types on the Tibetan Plateau.These include the alpine meadow and steppe and degraded alpine meadow and steppe.This study aimed at developing a method to estimate aboveground biomass(AGB)for these grasslands from hyperspectral data and to explore the feasibility of applying air/satellite-borne remote sensing techniques to AGB estimation at larger scales.Methods We carried out a field survey to collect hyperspectral reflectance and AGB for five major grassland ecosystems on the Tibetan Plateau and calculated seven narrow-band vegetation indices and the vegetation index based on universal pattern decomposition(VIUPD)from the spectra to estimate AGB.First,we investigated correlations between AGB and each of these vegetation indices to identify the best estimator of AGB for each ecosystem type.Next,we estimated AGB for the five pooled ecosystem types by developing models containing dummy variables.At last,we compared the predictions of simple regression models and the models containing dummy variables to seek an ecosystem type-independent model to improve prediction of AGB for these various grassland ecosystems from hyperspectral measurements.Important findings When we considered each ecosystem type separately,all eight vegetation indices provided good estimates of AGB,with the best predictor of AGB varying among different ecosystems.When AGB of all the five ecosystems was estimated together using a simple linear model,VIUPD showed the lowest prediction error among the eight vegetation indices.The regression models containing dummy variables predicted AGB with higher accuracy than the simple models,which could be attributed to the dummy variables accounting for the effects of ecosystem type on the relationship between AGB and vegetation index(VI).These results suggest that VIUPD is the best predictor of AGB among simple regression models.Moreover,both VIUPD and the soil-adjusted VI could provide accurate estimates of AGB with dummy variables integrated in regression models.Therefore,ground-based hyperspectral measurements are useful for estimating AGB,which indicates the potential of applying satellite/airborne remote sensing techniques to AGB estimation of these grasslands on the Tibetan Plateau. | Miaogen Shen Yanhong Tang Julia Klein Pengcheng Zhang Song Gu Ayako Shimono Jin Chen | 2008 | Journal of Plant Ecology2008，1，4： | 10 |
| 9 | Influences of trans-trans farnesol,a membrane-targeting sesquiterpenoid,on Streptococcus mutans physiology and survival within mixed-species oral biofilms显示文摘Trans-trans farnesol (tt-farnesol) is a bioactive sesquiterpene alcohol commonly found in propolis (a beehive product) and citrus fruits, which disrupts the ability of Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) to form virulent biofilms. In this study, we investigated whether tt-farnesol affects cell-membrane function, acid production and/or acid tolerance by planktonic cells and biofilms of S. mutans UA159. Furthermore, the influence of the agent on S. mutans gene expression and ability to form biofilms in the presence of other oral bacteria (Streptococcus oralis (S. oralis) 35037 and Actinomyces naeslundii (A. naeslundii) 12104) was also examined. In general, tt-farnesol (1 mmol·L-1) significantly increased the membrane proton permeability and reduced glycolytic activity of S. mutans in the planktonic state and in biofilms (P<0.05). Moreover, topical applications of 1 mmol·L-1 tt-farnesol twice daily (1 min exposure/treatment) reduced biomass accumulation and prevented ecological shifts towards S. mutans dominance within mixed-species biofilms after introduction of 1% sucrose. S. oralis (a non-cariogenic organism) became the major species after treatments with tt-farnesol, whereas vehicle-treated biofilms contained mostly S. mutans (>90% of total bacterial population). However, the agent did not affect significantly the expression of S. mutans genes involved in acidogenicity, acid tolerance or polysaccharide synthesis in the treated biofilms. Our data indicate that tt-farnesol may affect the competitiveness of S. mutans in a mixed-species environment by primarily disrupting the membrane function and physiology of this bacterium. This naturally occurring terpenoid could be a potentially useful adjunctive agent to the current anti-biofilm/anti-caries chemotherapeutic strategies. | Jae-Gyu Jeon Santosh Pandit Jin Xiao Stacy Gregoire Megan L. Falsetta Marlise I. Klein Hyun Koo | 2011 | International Journal of Oral Science2011，3，2： | 10 |
| 10 | Matched-pair analysis of postoperative morbidity and mortality for pancreaticogastrostomy and pancreaticojejunostomy using mattress sutures in soft pancreatic tissue remnants显示文摘BACKGROUND:After pancreaticoduodenectomy,the incidence of postoperative pancreatic fistula remains high,especially in patients with 'soft' pancreatic tissue remnants.No 'gold standard' surgical technique for pancreaticoenteric anastomosis has been established.This study aimed to compare the postoperative morbidity and mortality of pancreaticogastrostomy and pancreaticojejunostomy for 'soft' pancreatic tissue remnants using modified mattress sutures.METHODS:Seventy-five patients who had undergone pancreaticogastrostomy and 75 who had undergone pancreaticojejunostomy after pancreaticoduodenectomy between 2002 and 2008 were retrospectively compared using matched-pair analysis.A modified mattress suture technique was used for the pancreaticoenteric anastomosis.Patients with an underlying 'hard' pancreatic tissue remnant,as in chronic pancreatitis,were excluded.Both groups were homogeneous for age,gender,and underlying disease.Postoperative morbidity,mortality,and preoperative and operative data were analyzed.RESULTS:There were no significant differences between the groups for the incidence of postoperative pancreatic fistula (10.7% in both).Postoperative morbidity and mortality,median operation time,median length of hospital stay,intraoperative blood loss,and the amount of intraoperatively transfused erythrocyte concentrates also did not significantly differ between the groups.Patient age >65 years (P=0.017),operation time >350minutes (P=0.001),and intraoperative transfusion of erythrocyte concentrates (P=0.038) were identified as risk factors for postoperative morbidity.CONCLUSIONS:Our results showed no significant differences between the groups in the pancreaticogastrostomy and pancreaticojejunostomy anastomosis techniques using mattress sutures for 'soft' pancreatic tissue remnants.In our experience,the mattress sutures are safe and simple to use,and pancreaticogastrostomy in particular is feasible and easy to learn,with good endoscopic accessibility to the anastomosis region.However,the location of the anastomosis and the surgical technique need to be individually evaluated to further reduce the incidence of postoperative pancreatic fistula. | Fritz Klein Marcus Bahra Matthias Glanemann Wladimir Faber Peter Warnick Andreas Andreou Safak Gül Dietmar Jacob | 2012 | Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International2012，11，1： | 9 |
| 11 | 小儿骨质疏松症的发病机制,诊断,预防和治疗(英文)显示文摘骨质疏松症是最常见的代谢性骨病,其特征是骨矿物质密度和骨强度明显下降,导致高发病率和死亡率相关的脆弱性骨折。骨质疏松症通常被认为是一个影响成人的全球性公共健康问题。另一方面,小儿骨质疏松症,却是一种新的和不断变化的领域,具有一定独特的诊断和临床挑战。虽然小儿骨质疏松症的预防和治疗和成人的相比在进展方面没有那么成熟,但是近来小儿骨质疏松症得到更广泛的认知和认可。一些基因突变和酶的缺陷已表明与原发性小儿骨质疏松症有关联。在这篇综述中,我们将讨论小儿骨质疏松症的属性,包括其突变可导致原发性骨质疏松症的候选基因和可能的诊断及预防方法。我们也将讨论在美国治疗小儿骨质疏松症的常规选项,以及在中国用来治疗儿童患者的骨质疏松症,骨软化症和佝偻病的推荐药物。本文的目的是给我们目前对小儿骨质疏松症的了解做一个小结,并在小儿骨质疏松症的发病机制,诊断,预防和治疗方面能有更合适的方法进行讨论提供一个平台。 | 张驰 涂萍 陈大福 Gordon L Klein 刘忠厚 | 2013 | 中国骨质疏松杂志2013，19，1： | 8 |
| 12 | Oral immune regulation using colitis extracted proteins for treatment of Crohn's disease: Results of a phase Ⅰ clinical trial显示文摘AIM: To evaluate safety and possible efficacy of induction of oral immune regulation using colitis extracted proteins(CEP) in Crohn's disease (CD) subjects.METHODS: Ten CDs were treated orally with autologous CEP thrice weekly for 16 wk. Subjects were monitored for CDAI and IBDQ. Immune modulatory effect was assessed by T-lymphocyte FACS analysis, CEP-specific IFNγ ELISPOT assay and cytokine levels.RESULTS: Induction of oral immune regulation significantly ameliorated disease activity. All (10/10) subjects had clinical response (CDAI≤70) and 7/10 achieved clinical remission (CDAI≤150). Significant increase in mean IBDQ score was noted (134±9vs 164±12). No treatment-related adverse events were noted. High levels of CEP-specific IFNγ spot forming colonies were detected in five subjects prior to treatment and in all five, a marked decrease was observed. The CD4+/CDS+ lymphocyte ratio and peripheral NKT cell numbers increased significantly, in 7/10 and in 5/10 subjects, respectively. Significant increase in serum IL-10 and IL-4 levels was observed in 7/10 subjects during treatment period.CONCLUSION: Immune regulation via oral administration of CEP is a safe and possibly effective treatment for subjects with moderate CD and may provide means of antigen-specific immune modulation. | Eran Israeli Eran Goldin Oren Shibolet Athalia Klein Nilla Hemed Dean Engelhardt Elazar Rabbani Yaron Ilan | 2005 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2005，11，20： | 8 |
| 13 | Recent progress in pancreatic cancer显示文摘 | Christopher L. Wolfgang Joseph M. Herman Daniel A. Laheru Alison P. Klein Michael A. Erdek Elliot K. Fishman Ralph H. Hruban | 2013 | CA A Cancer Journal for Clinicians2013，，5： | 7 |
| 14 | 生物质电厂燃料物流系统的优化和分析显示文摘该文以广东某生物质直燃发电厂为例,利用软件EXTEND6建立了一套生物质燃料从储料场到电厂之间的运输及处理相关过程的物流模型,用以模拟、观察并分析各种不同的物流方案。在保证燃料供应稳定的前提下,该模型通过优化分配到各地进行运输作业的货车数量和储料场与电厂内各种燃料处理设备数量,减少了货车接受处理前的排队等待时间,降低了总可变物流成本。模型最后给出了相关参数的最优值和最低物流成本值,还对电厂装机容量、燃料处理时间和货车工作时长对物流成本的影响作了分析,结果表明电厂装机容量在100~125MW时物流成本最低,物流成本对燃料装载时间的变化最为敏感,货车的最宜工作时长为16h。 | 俞宏德 王勤辉 Klein E.Ileleji 余春江 骆仲泱 岑可法 | 2010 | 农业工程学报2010，26，12： | 7 |
| 15 | 水力压裂监测新方法显示文摘深入了解水力压裂裂缝的几何形态和延伸情况有助于改善低渗油气藏压裂增产作业效果,改善油气井产能并提高油气采收率。应用地震方法对水力压裂裂缝进行监测和描述已经有多年了,而新的地震硬件和处理技术的出现使得这类监测更加有效、可靠。 | Les Bennett Joeol Le Calvez David R. ( Rich ) Sarver Kevin Tanner W.S.(Scott)Birk George Waters Julian Drew Gw e nola Michaud Paolo Primiero Leo Eisner Rob Jones David Leslie Michael John Williams Jim Govenlock Richard C. ( Rick ) Klein Kazuhiko Tezuka | 2007 | 国外测井技术2007，22，4： | 7 |
| 16 | Preoperative imaging in staghorn calculi, planning and decision making in management of staghorn calculi显示文摘Objective:Staghorn calculi present a particular and challenging entity of stone morphology.Treatment is associated with lower stone-free rates and higher complication rates compared to non-staghorn stones.In this review we looked for the most relevant data on preoperative imaging and access planning to help decision making for percutaneous surgery with this complex condition.Methods:We conducted a PubMed search of publications in the past 2 decades that include relevant information on the planning for management of staghorn stones.Non-contrast computerized tomography(NCCT)is indeed the standard imaging tool for percutaneous nephrolithotomy(PCNL);additional tools such as three-dimensional computed tomography(CT)reconstruction of the staghorn calculus may help plan access in complex cases.Ultrasound guided percutaneous access may be considered for staghorn stones when planning upper pole access in kidney malposition or complex intrarenal anatomy or with complex body habitus.Wideband doppler ultrasound and real-time virtual sonography can assist.New technologies to improve kidney access such as Uro Dyna-CT or electromagnetic sensor have been reported,but have not shown utilization in staghorn cases.Staghorn morphometry-based prediction algorithms may predict the number of tract(s)and stage(s)for PCNL monotherapy.Lower pole access can be equally effective as upper pole when planning for staghorn and complex stones,with significantly less complications rate;Stone-Tract length-Obstruction-Number of involved calyces-Essence of stone density(STONE)nephrolithometry seems to be the best system to predict outcomes of PCNL in staghorn cases.There is a growing trend of endoscopic combined intrarenal surgery(ECIRS)in concordance with PCNL to treat larger stones.Conservative management of staghorn calculi is an undesired option,but can be an alternative for a carefully selected group of high-risk patients.Conclusion:Staghorn stones may lead to deterioration of renal function and life-threatening urosepsis.This entity should be managed aggressively with planning ahead for surgery using the different tools available as the cornerstone for a successful outcome. | Ilan Klein Jorge Gutierrez-Aceves | 2020 | Asian Journal of Urology2020，7，2： | 7 |
| 17 | 眼压与全身血压的纵向前瞻性研究:BeaverDam眼科研究 | Klein B.E.K. Klein R. Knudtson M.D. 邢咏新 | 2005 | 世界核心医学期刊文摘(眼科学分册)2005，0，8： | 6 |
| 18 | 压铸镁合金在汽车工业中的应用和发展趋势显示文摘论述了压铸镁合金用于汽车轻型结构件的性能优势 ,分析和介绍了一些主要牌号压铸镁合金的化学成分、成型工艺和使用性能特点以及在发达国家汽车工业中的应用现状和发展趋势。依此呼吁 ,作为头号镁资源大国的中国 ,压铸镁合金的研究。 | 刘正 王中光 王越 李峰 韩行林 Friendrich Klein | 2002 | 特种铸造及有色合金2002，22，S1： | 6 |
| 19 | Early Jurassic basal sauropodomorpha dominated tracks from Guizhou, China: Morphology, ethology, and paleoenvironment显示文摘The newly discovered large(350 m^2) Yantan dinosaur tracksite, in the Lower Jurassic Ziliujing Formation of Guizhou Province, China, reveals at least 250 footprints of which ~97 can be resolved into trackways of sauropodomorphs. All the trackways are sub parallel likely indicating gregarious behavior. One theropod track(cf. Grallator) was recorded. The sauropodomorph tracks predominantly represent quadrupedal progression(Morphotype A), and footprint morphology is similar to the ichnospecies Liujianpusshunan, characterized by outward pes rotation. Three trackways indicate bipedal progression, and two of these(Morphotype B) indicate inward pes rotation, accompanied by elongate pes digit scratch marks. For the latter phenomenon three possible scenarios are discussed:(1) significant rotation changes accompanying changes in gait,(2) swimming behavior,(3) formation of undertracks.Sedimentological evidence indicates the tracks were made on a linguloid rippled, muddy, immature sandstone substrate characterized by significant differences in substrate consistency across the trackbearing surface. Microbially induced sedimentary structures(MISS) characterized by distinctive wrinkle marks indicate a stressed, probably semi-arid, paleoenvironment that was not conducive to habitation by invertebrate organisms. This is consistent with other evidence that Lower Jurassic sauropodomorph tracks are often associated with semi-arid paleoenvironments. | Lida Xing Martin G. Lockley Dongjie Tang Hendrik Klein Guangzhao Peng Yong Ye Baoqiao Hao | 2019 | Geoscience Frontiers2019，10，1： | 6 |
| 20 | 阑尾炎:阑尾增粗超过6mm时新的CT诊断标准显示文摘 | Friederike Klein München 徐安辉 | 2008 | 放射学实践2008，23，2： | 6 |
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