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| 1 | 免耕条件下秸秆还田对冬小麦-夏玉米轮作系统土壤呼吸及土壤水热状况的影响显示文摘【目的】研究免耕条件下秸秆还田对旱地冬小麦-夏玉米轮作系统土壤呼吸及土壤水热状况的影响。【方法】2011年10月至2014年9月,在陕西杨凌设置秸秆全量还田+施肥(S1F1)、秸秆全量还田+不施肥(S1F0)、秸秆半量还田+施肥(S1/2F1)、秸秆半量还田+不施肥(S1/2F0)、秸秆不还田+施肥(S0F1)、秸秆不还田+不施肥(S0F0)6种不同耕作处理的3年定位试验,测定并分析不同耕作处理下土壤呼吸、土壤水热状况、作物产量、土壤耕作层有机碳含量的差异。【结果】在冬小麦生育期内,各处理土壤呼吸速率均呈先下降后升高再下降的趋势;在夏玉米生育期内,各处理土壤呼吸速率均表现为先升高后下降的趋势。同一生育期内各处理土壤呼吸平均速率及呼吸总量依次为S1F1>S1/2F1>S1/2F0>S0F1>S1F0>CK,同种作物不同生育期之间,各处理土壤生育期呼吸总量有逐年降低的趋势。整个研究周期内,土壤温度的变化趋势与每月平均气温的变化趋势相似,不同处理在同一生育期内的土壤温度变化趋势相近,且各处理生育期土壤平均温度均随土壤深度的增加而降低;不同秸秆还田处理冬季土壤温度均高于对照,但生育期土壤平均温度均低于对照。土壤含水量随土壤深度的增加而降低,但受降雨影响,不同轮作周期之间的土壤含水量波动较大,各处理同一生育期的土壤平均含水量均表现为S1F0>S1F1>S1/2F0>S1/2F1>CK>S0F1,且不同秸秆还田处理的土壤含水量与对照间的差异均显著(P<0.05);土壤温度能够解释土壤呼吸速率变化的32.5%—60.4%,土壤含水量能够解释土壤呼吸速率变化的38.4%—82.5%,不同土层深度间,5 cm土层的温度与土壤呼吸的拟合度性最高,而10—20 cm土层的含水量与土壤呼吸的拟合度最高。相同年份内,不同处理冬小麦和夏玉米产量均表现为S1F1>S1F0>S1/2F1>S0F1>S1/2F0>CK,这个研究周期内,冬小麦产量逐年增加,夏玉米在前两季表现为增产,但受极端炎热天气的影响,第三季的产量明显降低。单季作物收获后,各处理同一土层深度的有机碳含量均表现为S1F1>S1/2F1>S1F0>S1/2F0>S0F1>CK。且不同秸秆还田处理的土壤有机碳含量逐年升高。【结论】长期免耕秸秆还田能够有效降低农田土壤碳排放、提高农田土壤水分利用率及冬季土壤温度、提高作物产量及土壤有机碳含量。不同秸秆还田处理间以S1F0处理的效果最优。 | 王维钰 乔博 Kashif AKHTAR 袁率 任广鑫 冯永忠 | 2016 | 中国农业科学2016，49，11： | 47 |
| 2 | 免耕条件下秸秆还田与施肥对小麦-玉米轮作系统土壤养分和酶活性的影响显示文摘为研究免耕条件下秸秆还田与施肥对小麦-玉米轮作系统土壤养分和酶活性的影响,于西北农林科技大学校内试验地进行试验,设3个秸秆还田水平:秸秆全量还田、秸秆半量还田、秸秆不还田,施肥和不施肥2个施肥水平,共6个处理,以秸秆不还田+不施肥作为对照,研究秸秆还田与施肥对小麦-玉米轮作系统一年内两季不同作物收获期0~40 cm土层土壤养分含量和土壤酶活性的影响。结果表明,冬小麦和夏玉米收获期土壤不论是0~20 cm还是20~40 cm土层,秸秆全量还田+施肥和秸秆半量还田+施肥处理相比秸秆不还田+不施肥均能增加土壤有机碳、碱解氮、速效磷和速效钾的含量,并且高于秸秆还田+不施肥处理;秸秆全量还田+施肥处理下的冬小麦土壤脲酶、碱性磷酸酶、过氧化氢酶和蔗糖酶的活性比秸秆不还田+不施肥处理的0~20 cm土层分别提高92.34%,87.91%,4.94%,62.41%;对于夏玉米而言,秸秆全量还田+施肥相比秸秆不还田+不施肥处理的0~20 cm土层提高了土壤脲酶、碱性磷酸酶、蔗糖酶和过氧化氢酶,分别提高了68.54%,49.11%,149.84%,10.38%。可见,土壤脲酶、碱性磷酸酶、过氧化氢酶和蔗糖酶在秸秆全量还田+施肥的处理下活性最高,并且土壤脲酶与全氮和碱解氮相关性最好,碱性磷酸酶与全氮、速效钾和速效磷的相关性比较好,过氧化氢酶与速效钾和速效磷的相关性比较好,蔗糖酶与有机碳的相关性比较好,且均呈正相关。以上结果表明,秸秆还田配施化肥可以提高土壤质量。 | 刘兰清 杨晨璐 王维钰 孔德杰 KASHIF Akhtar 任广鑫 冯永忠 杨改河 | 2017 | 华北农学报2017，32，6： | 17 |
| 3 | Tardy posterior interosseous nerve palsy associated with radial head fracture: a case report显示文摘 | Jas Daurka Alvin Chen Kashif Akhtar Srinath Kamineni | 2009 | Cases Journal2009，2，1： | 1 |
| 4 | Versatility of ZnO nanostructures显示文摘 | KASHIF M AKHTAR M N NASIR N | 2011 | Advanced Structured Materials2011，5，： | 1 |
| 5 | Static Analysis of Functionally Graded Beams Using Higher Order Shear Deformation Theory显示文摘 | Ravikiran Kadoli Kashif Akhtar Ganesan N | 2008 | Applied Mathematical Modeling2008，32，： | 1 |
| 6 | Argemone mexicana extract alleviates gastrointestinal disorders by stimulating muscarinic receptors and blocking voltage-gated L-type calcium channels显示文摘Objective:To investigate the pharmacological potential of Argemone mexicana in treating constipation and emesis by using in vitro and in vivo models.Methods:The spasmogenic and spasmolytic effects were evaluated on isolated rabbit jejunum fragments loaded in a tissue organ bath.The response was recorded with an isotonic transducer attached with Power Lab Data Acquisition System.The laxative and antiemetic activities were assessed in BALB-c mice and poultry chicks challenged with carbamylcholine and copper sulphate stimulated emesis,respectively.Results:The total phenolic and total flavonoids contents of the extract were(267.75±5.77)mg GAE/g and(73.86±6.01)mg QE/g,respectively.Argemone mexicana extract exerted spasmogenic effect on isolated rabbit jejunum segments with an EC_(50)value of 0.016 mg/m L,which was blocked by atropine(0.3μM).Argemone mexicana extract exerted spasmolytic effect in atropine treated jejunum fragments with an EC_(50)value of 2.185 mg/mL.Furthermore,Argemone mexicana extract relaxed potassium(80 mM)-induced contractions(EC_(50):9.07 mg/mL),similar to a standard drug verapamil.The calcium channel blocker activity was confirmed by a rightward shift of concentration-response curve of calcium in the presence of Argemone mexicana extract(1-5 mg/mL)and verapamil(0.1-1μM).In addition,the extract increased the distance travelled by a charcoal in the gastrointestinal tract and exhibited antiemetic effect on copper sulphate induced emesis in chicks.Conclusions:Argemone mexicana shows cholinergic agonist and calcium channel blocker activities,as well as antiemetic effect.It may be used as a potential agent for treating gastrointestinal disorders. | Rabia Iqbal Irfan Hamid Khalid Hussain Janbaz Muhammad Furqan Akhtar Ammara Saleem Ali Sharif Sohaib Peerzada Bushra Akhtar Kashif Sohail Sajid Ali | 2021 | Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine2021，11，5： | 0 |
| 7 | Indirect Vector Control of Linear Induction Motors Using Space Vector Pulse Width Modulation显示文摘Vector control schemes have recently been used to drive linear induction motors(LIM)in high-performance applications.This trend promotes the development of precise and efficient control schemes for individual motors.This research aims to present a novel framework for speed and thrust force control of LIM using space vector pulse width modulation(SVPWM)inverters.The framework under consideration is developed in four stages.To begin,MATLAB Simulink was used to develop a detailed mathematical and electromechanical dynamicmodel.The research presents a modified SVPWM inverter control scheme.By tuning the proportional-integral(PI)controller with a transfer function,optimized values for the PI controller are derived.All the subsystems mentioned above are integrated to create a robust simulation of the LIM’s precise speed and thrust force control scheme.The reference speed values were chosen to evaluate the performance of the respective system,and the developed system’s response was verified using various data sets.For the low-speed range,a reference value of 10m/s is used,while a reference value of 100 m/s is used for the high-speed range.The speed output response indicates that themotor reached reference speed in amatter of seconds,as the delay time is between 8 and 10 s.The maximum amplitude of thrust achieved is less than 400N,demonstrating the controller’s capability to control a high-speed LIM with minimal thrust ripple.Due to the controlled speed range,the developed system is highly recommended for low-speed and high-speed and heavy-duty traction applications. | Arjmand Khaliq Syed Abdul Rahman Kashif Fahad Ahmad Muhammad Anwar Qaisar Shaheen Rizwan Akhtar Muhammad Arif Shah Abdelzahir Abdelmaboud | 2023 | Computers, Materials & Continua2023，，3： | 0 |
| 8 | Mn_(0.8)Zn_(0.2)Fe_2O_4 nanoparticulates spinel ferrites:An approach to enhance the antenna field strength for improved magnitude versus offset(MVO)显示文摘Electromagnetic signals in deep reservoir are very weak so that it is difficult to predict about the presence of hydrocarbon in seabed logging(SBL) environment.In the present work,Mn0.8Zn0.2Fe2O4 nanoferrites were prepared by a sol–gel technique at different sintering temperatures of450 °C,650 °C and 850 °C to increase the strength of electromagnetic(EM) antenna.XRD,FESEM,Raman spectroscopy and HRTEM were used to analyze the phase,surface morphology and size of the nanoferrites.Magnetic properties of the nanoferrites were also measured using an impedance network analyzer.However,nanoferrites sintered at 850 °C with initial permeability of 200 and Q factor of 50 were used as magnetic feeders with the EM antenna.Lab scale experiments were performed to investigate the effect of magnetic field strength in scale tank.SPSS and MATLAB softwares were also used to confirm the oil presence in scale tank.It was observed that the magnitude of the EM waves for the antenna was increased up to 233%.Finally,the correlation values also show 208% increase in the magnetic field strength with the presence of the oil.Therefore,antenna with Mn0.8Zn0.2Fe2O4 nanoferrites based magnetic feeders can be used for deep water and deep target hydrocarbon exploration. | Majid Niaz Akhtar Nadeem Nasir Muhammad Kashif Noorhana Yahya Mukhtar Ahmad Ghulam Murtaza Muhammad Azhar Khan M.H.Asif A.Sattar R.Raza M.Saleem S.N.Khan | 2014 | Progress in Natural Science:Materials International2014，24，4： | 0 |
| 9 | Application of Zinc, Iron and Boron Enhances Productivity and Grain Biofortification of Mungbean显示文摘Deficiencies of essential vitamins,iron(Fe),and zinc(Zn)affect over one-half of the world’s population.A significant progress has been made to control micronutrient deficiencies through supplementation,but new approaches are needed,especially to reach the rural poor.Agronomic biofortification of pulses with Zn,Fe,and boron(B)offers a pragmatic solution to combat hidden hunger instead of food fortification and supplementation.Moreover,it also has positive effects on crop production as well.Therefore,we conducted three separate field experiments for two consecutive years to evaluate the impact of soil and foliar application of the aforementioned nutrients on the yield and seed biofortification of mungbean.Soil application of Zn at 0,4.125,8.25,Fe at 0,2.5,5.0 and B at 0,0.55,1.1 kg ha−1 was done in the first,second and third experiment,respectively.Foliar application in these experiments was done at 0.3%Zn,0.2%Fe and 0.1%B respectively one week after flowering initiation.Data revealed that soil-applied Zn,Fe and B at 8.25,5.0 and 1.1 kg ha−1,respectively,enhanced the grain yield of mungbean;however,this increase in yield was statistically similar to that recorded with Zn,Fe and B at 4.125,2.5 and 0.55 kg ha−1,respectively.Foliar application of these nutrients at flower initiation significantly enhanced the Zn contents by 28%and 31%,Fe contents by 80%and 78%,while B contents by 98%and 116%over control during 2019 and 2020,respectively.It was concluded from the results that soil application of Zn,Fe,and B enhanced the yield performance of mungbean;while significant improvements in seed Zn,Fe,and B contents were recorded with foliar application of these nutrients. | Muhammad Zafar Siraj Ahmed Muhammad Kashif Munir Nawal Zafar Muhammad Saqib Muhammad Aleem Sarwar Saba Iqbal Baber Ali Naveed Akhtar Basharat Ali Sadam Hussain Muhammad Saeed Mohammad Khalid Al-Sadoon Aneela Gulnaz | 2023 | Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany2023，92，4： | 0 |
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