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| 1 | 肛裂临床诊治指南(第三次修订)显示文摘“美国结直肠外科医师协会(American Societyof ColonandRectal Surgeons.ASCRS)”(协会)致力于推进结直肠和肛门疾病的相关理论以及预防和诊疗水平的提高,给患者提供优质的医疗服务。“标准委员会”由协会中在结直肠外科方面有显著专长的成员组成。该委员会的建立是为了引领国际结直肠和肛门疾病诊治的发展,以建立具有循证医学证据的临床诊疗指南。指南是涵盖性的,非指令性的,目的是为临床决策提供信息,而非具体的治疗方法。指南适用于所有相关的医护人员以及希望得到相应指南中疾病的相关诊治信息的患者。 | Farshid Araghizadeh ~ Robin Boushey Sridhar Chalasani George Chang Robert Cima Gary Dunn Daniel Feingold Philip Fleshner Daniel Geisler Jill Genua Sharon Gregorcyk Daniel Herzig Andreas Kaiser Ravin Kumar David Larson Steven Mills John Monson P. Terry Phang Feza Remzi David Rivadeneira Howard Ross Peter Senatore Elin Sigurdson Thomas Stahl Scott Steele Scott Strong Charles Tement Judith Trudel Madhulika Varnna Martin Weiser 丁义江(译) 皇甫少华(译) 丁曙晴(译) | 2013 | 中华胃肠外科杂志2013，16，7： | 70 |
| 2 | Design of rock support system under rockburst condition显示文摘As mining and civil tunneling progresses to depth, excavation-induced seismicity and rockburst problems increase and cannot be prevented. As an important line of defense, ground control measures and burst-resistant rock support are used to prevent or minimize damage to excavations and thus to enhance workplace safety. Rock support in burst-prone ground differs from conventional rock support where controlling gravity-induced rockfalls and managing shallow zones of loose rock are the main target. Rock support in burst-prone ground needs to resist dynamic loads and large rock dilation due to violent rock failure. After reviewing the rockburst phenomenon, types of rockbursts, damage mechanisms, and rockburst support design principles and acceptability criteria, this paper describes that the support selection process in burst-prone ground is iterative, requiring design verification and modification based on field observations. An interactive design tool for conducting rockburst support design in underground tunnels is introduced to facilitate cost-effective design. | Peter K. Kaiser | 2012 | Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering2012，4，3： | 32 |
| 3 | Safety of once‐daily insulin detemir in patients with type 2 diabetes treated with oral hypoglycemic agents in routine clinical practice (在常规临床实践中使用口服降糖药治疗的2型糖尿病患者每日一次使用地特胰岛素治疗的安全性)显示文摘 | Stuart Ross Grzegorz Dzida Qiuhe Ji Marcel Kaiser Robert Ligthelm Luigi Meneghini Avideh Nazeri Domingo Orozco‐Beltran Changyu Pan Anne Louise Svendsen | 2014 | Journal of Diabetes2014，，3： | 18 |
| 4 | Echoplanar diffusion - weighted MRI with intravenous gadolinium - DTPA显示文摘It is occasionally necessary to repeat diffusion weighted imaging(DWI)after giving intravenous contrast medium(CM).However,the effects of CM on DWI and apparent diffusion coefficients(ADC)have not been fully ex-amined.The aim of this prospective study was to investigate whether there are any diagnostically significant dif-ferences between echo-planar imaging(EPI)-DWI before and after intravenous CM.EPI-DWI was acquiredtwice in 203 consecutive patients before and after i.v.CM.Three blinded readers rated the diagnostic | Fitzek C Mentzel HJ Fitzek S Sauner D Kaiser WA Reichenbach JR | 2003 | 中国神经肿瘤杂志2003，1，4： | 15 |
| 5 | 论完整岩体的现场强度显示文摘目前国际上普遍认为完整岩体的现场强度近似等于(0.4?0.1)?c,其中,?c为室内岩石单轴抗压强度。此外,也有学者建议原位岩体的破坏强度,即地下工程围岩的启裂强度,可等价于室内单轴压缩试验或现场微震监测确定的岩石裂隙初始的应力;其原理主要以基于Kirsch解析解或简化的数值模拟(光滑的开挖边界)来近似表达隧道开挖面上的最大切向应力?max。然而,这些方法均忽略了开挖边界的几何非规则性对计算结果的影响。经论证表明,若考虑开挖面的几何非规则性因素,完整岩体的现场破坏强度并不等于(0.4?0.1)?c,其破坏强度可高达(0.8?0.05)?c。以加拿大地下实验室Mine-by试验隧道为例,并以该隧道的实际断面形状为几何边界条件,采用有限元软件Phase 2模拟隧道围岩的渐进破坏过程。研究结果表明,当原位岩体强度为0.8?c时,模拟结果与实际观测结果具有很好的一致性。因此,忽略开挖边界的几何非规则性而解读的原位岩体强度(0.4?0.1)?c仅是'等价'强度值,其低估了岩体的实际强度。 | 蔡明 赵星光 KAISER P K | 2014 | 岩石力学与工程学报2014，33，1： | 13 |
| 6 | Fecal incontinence - Challenges and solutions显示文摘Fecal incontinence is not a diagnosis but a frequent and debilitating common final pathway symptom resulting from numerous different causes. Incontinence not only impacts the patient's self-esteem and quality of life but may result in significant secondary morbidity, disability, and cost. Treatment is difficult without any panacea and an individualized approach should be chosen that frequently combines different modalities. Several new technologies have been developed and their specific roles will have to be defined. The scope of this review is outline the evaluation and treatment of patients with fecal incontinence. | Nallely Saldana Ruiz Andreas M Kaiser | 2017 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2017，23，1： | 12 |
| 7 | 青藏高原高山嵩草(Kobresia pygmaea)生态系统的现状与动态显示文摘高山嵩草草场是世界上最大的高山生态系统,本文提供了青藏高原东南部高山嵩草草场的分布、结构和生态学信息。莎草草甸的草皮极其坚硬,具有重要的环境保护作用,能保护黄河、长江、湄公河、怒江和雅鲁藏布江等源头地区的地表免受侵蚀。本文的研究重点是气候驱动演变以及小型哺乳动物和放牧作用下高山草甸系统的动态变化。考虑土壤分析、放射性碳测定地质年代和封育实验的结果,我们假定大多数高山嵩草草甸是由森林、灌木和高草草原在人为因素驱动下形成的。目前载畜量的日益增加以及游牧民定居现象的日益加强正威胁着高山草甸生态系统,尤其是该系统中比较干旱的地区,小型哺乳动物成为家畜强有力的竞争者,草皮一旦消失将难以恢复。本文给出了一些有关恢复措施方面的例子。 | Georg Miehe Sabine Miehe Knut Kaiser 刘健全 赵新全 周华坤(译) 赵新全(译) | 2008 | AMBIO-人类环境杂志2008，37，4： | 10 |
| 8 | Generalized crack initiation and crack damage stress thresholds of brittle rock masses near underground excavations显示文摘 | M Cai P.K Kaiser Y Tasaka T Maejima H Morioka M Minami | 2004 | International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences2004，，5： | 9 |
| 9 | Successful outpatient management of acute upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage:use of practice guidelines in a large patient series显示文摘Successfuloutpatientmanagementofacuteuppergastrointestinalhemorhage:useofpracticeguidelinesinalargepatientseriesGeorgeF.Longs... | George F. Longstreth, MD, Steven P. Feitelberg, MD Department of Medicine Kaiser Permanente Health care Pragram, San Diego, California | 1998 | World Journal of Gastroenterology1998，4，3： | 8 |
| 10 | Comparison of performance of statistical models in forecasting monthly streamflow of Kizil River,China显示文摘This paper presents the application of autoregressive integrated moving average(ARIMA),seasonal ARIMA(SARIMA),and Jordan-Elman artificial neural networks(ANN) models in forecasting the monthly streamflow of the Kizil River in Xinjiang,China.Two different types of monthly streamflow data(original and deseasonalized data) were used to develop time series and Jordan-Elman ANN models using previous flow conditions as predictors.The one-month-ahead forecasting performances of all models for the testing period(1998-2005) were compared using the average monthly flow data from the Kalabeili gaging station on the Kizil River.The Jordan-Elman ANN models,using previous flow conditions as inputs,resulted in no significant improvement over time series models in one-month-ahead forecasting.The results suggest that the simple time series models(ARIMA and SARIMA) can be used in one-month-ahead streamflow forecasting at the study site with a simple and explicit model structure and a model performance similar to the Jordan-Elman ANN models. | Shalamu ABUDU Chun-liang CUI James Phillip KING Kaiser ABUDUKADEER | 2010 | Water Science and Engineering2010，3，3： | 8 |
| 11 | Pulsatile gonadotropin-releasing hormone therapy is associated with earlier spermatogenesis compared to combined gonadotropin therapy in patients with congenital hypogonadotropic hypogonadism显示文摘 | Jiang-Feng Mao Zhao-Xiang Liu Min Nie Xi Wang Hong-Li Xu Bing-Kun Huang Jun-Jie Zheng Le Min Ursula Brigitte Kaiser Xue-Yan Wu | 2017 | Asian Journal of Andrology2017，19，6： | 8 |
| 12 | Evolution and future of laparoscopic colorectal surgery显示文摘The advances of laparoscopic surgery since the early 1990 s have caused one of the largest technical revolutions in medicine since the detection of antibiotics(1922,Flemming),the discovery of DNA structure(1953,Watson and Crick),and solid organ transplantation(1954,Murray).Perseverance through a rocky start and increased familiarity with the chop-stick surgery in conjunction with technical refinements has resulted in a rapid expansion of the indications for minimally invasive surgery.Procedure-related factors initially contributed to this success and included the improved postoperative recovery and cosmesis,fewer wound complications,lower risk for incisional hernias and for subsequent adhesionrelated small bowel obstructions; the major breakthrough however came with favorable long-term outcomes data on oncological parameters.The future will have to determine the specific role of various technical approaches,define prognostic factors of success and true progress,and consider directing further innovation while potentially limiting approaches that do not add to patient outcomes. | Andreas M Kaiser | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，41： | 6 |
| 13 | Oral eplerenone for the management of chronic central serous chorioretinopathy显示文摘AIM: To examine eplerenone(Inspra, Pfizer), a mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist, as a treatment option for chronic central serous chorioretinopathy(CSCR).METHODS: A retrospective consecutive case series was conducted for patients receiving oral eplerenone for chronic CSCR. At baseline and each follow-up visit,spectral domain optical coherence tomography(SD-OCT)imaging was performed, including manual measurements of the height and diameter size of subretinal fluid. The primary outcome measure was the reduction in subretinal fluid following initiation of therapy.RESULTS: A total of 17 eyes of 13 patients treated with25 and 50 mg of oral eplerenone per day were identified.Subretinal fluid(SRF) decreased over time following eplerenone therapy(P = 0.007 and P =0.002, diameter and height respectively). Maximum SRF height decreased from a mean of 131.5 μm at baseline to 15.3 μm at day181+. SRF diameter decreased from an average of 2174.4μm at baseline to 46.9 μm at day 181 +. Log MAR visual acuity improved from 0.42(Snellen equivalent: 20/53) at baseline to 0.29(Snellen equivalent: 20/39) at day 181 +(P = 0.024). Central subfield thickness(CST) decreased from 339.5 μm at baseline to 270.3 μm at day 181+(P = 0.029).CONCLUSION: Eplerenone therapy resulted in significant anatomic and visual improvements in eyes with chronic CSCR. | Rishi P Singh Jonathan E Sears Rumneek Bedi Andrew P Schachat Justis P Ehlers Peter K Kaiser | 2015 | International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition)2015，8，2： | 6 |
| 14 | An index of factorial simplicity显示文摘 | Henry F. Kaiser | 1974 | Psychometrika1974，，1： | 5 |
| 15 | Two strategies for prevention of cytomegalovirus infections after liver transplantation显示文摘AIM: To analyze differences in patients' clinical course, we compared two regimes of either preemptive therapy or prophylaxis after liver transplantation.METHODS: This retrospective study was reviewed and approved by the institutional review board of the University of Leipzig. Cytomegalovirus(CMV) prophylaxis with valganciclovir hydrochloride for liver transplant recipients was replaced by a preemptive strategy in October 2009. We retrospectively compared liver transplant recipients 2 years before and after October 2009. During the first period, all patients received valganciclovir daily. During the second period all patients included in the analysis were treated following a preemptive strategy. Outcomes included one year survival and therapeutic intervention due to CMV viremia or infection.RESULTS: Between 2007 and 2010 n = 226 patients underwent liver transplantation in our center. n = 55 patients were D^+/R^- high risk recipients and were excluded from further analysis. A further 43 patients had to be excluded since CMV prophylaxis/preemptive strategy was not followed although there was no clinical reason for the deviation. Of the remaining 128 patients whose data were analyzed, 60 receivedprophylaxis and 68 were treated following a preemptive strategy. The difference in overall mortality was not significant, nor was it significant for one-year mortality where it was 10%(95%CI: 8%-28%, P = 0.31) higher for the preemptive group. No significant differences in blood count abnormalities or the incidence of sepsis and infections were observed other than CMV. In total, 19 patients(14.7%) received ganciclovir due to CMV viremia and/or infections. Patients who were treated according to the preemptive algorithm had a significantly higher rate risk of therapeutic intervention with ganciclovir [n = 16(23.5%) vs n = 3(4.9%), P = 0.003)].CONCLUSION: These data suggest that CMV prophylaxis is superior to a preemptive strategy in patients undergoing liver transplantation. | Philipp Simon Max Sasse Sven Laudi David Petroff Michael Bartels Udo X Kaisers Sven Bercker | 2016 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2016，22，12： | 5 |
| 16 | Anti-bacterial activity and brine shrimp lethality bioassay of methanolic extracts of fourteen different edible vegetables from Bangladesh显示文摘Objective:To investigate the antibacterial and cytotoxic activity of fourteen different edible vegetables methanolic extract from Bangladesh.Methods:The antibacterial activity was evaluated using disc diffusion assay method against 12 bacteria(both gram positive and gram negative).The plant extracts were also screened for cytotoxic activity using the brine shrimp lethality bioassay method and the lethal concentrations(LC_(50))were determined at confidence intervals by analyzing the data on a computer loaded with'Finney Programme??Results:All the vegetable extracts showed low to elevated levels of antibacterial activity against most of the tested strains(zone of inhibition=5-28 mm).The most active extract against all bacterial strains was from Xanthium indicum which showed remarkable antibacterial activity having the diameter of growth inhibition zone ranging from 12 to 28 mm followed by Alternanthera sessilis(zone of inhibition=6-21 mm).All extracts exhibited considerable general toxicity towards brine shrimps.The LC_(50)value of the tested extracts was within the range of 8.447 to 60.323μg/mL with respect to the positive control(vincristine sulphate)which was 0.91μg/mL.Among all studied extracts,Xanthium indicum displayed the highest cytotoxic effect with LC_(50)value of 8.447μg/mL.Conclusions:The results of the present investigation suggest that most of the studied plants are potentially good source of antibacterial and anticancer agents. | M.Obayed Ullah Mahmuda Haque Kaniz Fatima Urmi Abu Hasanat Md.Zulfiker Elichea Synthi Anita Momtaj Begum Kaiser Hamid | 2013 | Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine2013，3，1： | 5 |
| 17 | Role of minimally invasive surgery for rectal cancer显示文摘Rectal cancer is one of the most common malignancies worldwide.Surgical resection for rectal cancer usually requires a proctectomy with respective lymphadenectomy(total mesorectal excision).This has traditionally been performed transabdominally through an open incision.Over the last thirty years,minimally invasive surgery platforms have rapidly evolved with the goal to accomplish the same quality rectal resection through a less invasive approach.There are currently three resective modalities that complement the traditional open operation:(1)Laparoscopic surgery;(2)Robotic surgery;and(3)Transanal total mesorectal excision.In addition,there are several platforms to carry out transluminal local excisions(without lymphadenectomy).Evidence on the various modalities is of mixed to moderate quality.It is unreasonable to expect a randomized comparison of all options in a single trial.This review aims at reviewing in detail the various techniques in regard to intra-/perioperative benchmarks,recovery and complications,oncological and functional outcomes. | Kurt A Melstrom Andreas M Kaiser | 2020 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2020，26，30： | 5 |
| 18 | Research and development of VUV optical coatings for micro mirror applications显示文摘This paper deals with vacuum UV optical coatings for micro mirror applications. High reflecting low-stress optical coatings have been developed for the next-generation of micro mechanical mirrors. The optimized metal systems are applicable in the VUV spectral region and can be integrated in the technology of MOEMS, such as spatial light modulators (SLM) and micro scanning mirrors. | Alexandre Gatto Norbert Kaiser | 2005 | 光学精密工程2005，13，4： | 4 |
| 19 | 中美护理学早期接触临床教育的对比研究显示文摘文章作者结合自身及在美国贝克学院和社区大学的访问交流经历,分析比较中美护理学早期接触临床教育的理念、课程设置、教学组织形式和教学方法及考核方式之间的差异,试通过对比的方式,提出适合我国护理早期接触临床教育的新思路,为我国护理学教育提供借鉴。 | 姜新 Jennifer Kaiser 李春卉 王春艳 高金雪 | 2016 | 中国农村卫生事业管理2016，36，10： | 4 |
| 20 | FLAC/PFC coupled numerical simulation of AE in large-scale underground excavations显示文摘 | M. Cai P.K. Kaiser H. Morioka M. Minami T. Maejima Y. Tasaka H. Kurose | 2006 | International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences2006，，4： | 4 |
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