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1卫生经济学评价报告标准共识2022(CHEERS 2022):卫生经济学评价报告指导意见更新版显示文摘卫生经济学评价是对备选行动方案的成本和结果的比较分析。2013年发表的《卫生经济学评价报告标准共识》(CHEERS)提出了卫生经济学评价的特点,确保结果正确阐释,以支持决策制订。2013版CHEERS旨在指导研究报告撰写者准确报告卫生干预和对照措施、背景、过程、结果等评价细节,使审稿人理解文章内容,帮助读者使用研究结果。本版共识将取代2013版共识,其更加适用于各类卫生经济学评价,结合学科发展和方法更新的需要,更注重患者、公众等相关利益方的参与。本共识适用多种个体或人群健康干预措施(简单或复杂)在不同政策场景的应用分析,包括医疗服务、公共卫生、教育、社会服务等。本文概要介绍了CHEERS 2022共识中包含的28个检查项及每一个检查项的相关建议。CHEERS 2022共识主要用于指导研究人员撰写拟投递同行评议学术期刊的卫生经济学评价文章,亦可用于期刊编辑和审稿专家对待发表文章的评价。熟悉了解本共识要求,还有助于研究人员规划评价研究。随着决策透明度要求提高,本共识可支持卫生技术评估机构建立评价报告标准。Don Husereau Michael Drummond Federico Augustovski Esther de Bekker-Grob Andrew H Briggs Chris Carswell Lisa Caulley Nathorn Chaiyakunapruk Dan Greenberg Elizabeth Loder Josephine Mauskopf C Daniel Mullins Stavros Petrou Raoh-Fang Pwu Sophie Staniszewska on behalf of CHEERSISPOR Good Research Practices Task Force 肖月(译) 邱英鹏(译) 史黎炜(译) 张治国(译) 张歆(译) 王海银(译) 翟铁民(译) 2022英国医学杂志中文版2022,25,8:31
2Minimally invasive local therapies for liver cancer显示文摘Primary and metastatic liver tumors are an increasing global health problem,with hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)now being the third leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide.Systemic treatment options for HCC remain limited,with Sorafenib as the only prospectively validated agent shown to increase overall survival.Surgical resection and/or transplantation,locally ablative therapies and regional or locoregional therapies have filled the gap in liver tumor treatments,providing improved survival outcomes for both primary and metastatic tumors.Minimally invasive local therapies have an increasing role in the treatment of both primary and metastatic liver tumors.For patients with low volume disease,these therapies have now been established into consensus practice guidelines.This review highlights technical aspects and outcomes of commonly utilized,minimally invasive local therapies including laparoscopic liver resection(LLR),radiofrequency ablation(RFA),microwave ablation(MWA),high-intensity focused ultrasound(HIFU),irreversible electroporation(IRE),and stereotactic body radiation therapy(SBRT).In addition,the role of combination treatment strategies utilizing these minimally invasive techniques is reviewed.David Li Josephine Kang Benjamin J.Golas Vincent W.Yeung David C.Madoff 2014Cancer Biology & Medicine2014,11,4:20
3Leaf area increases with species richness in young experimental stands of subtropical trees显示文摘Aims Most biodiversity-ecosystem functioning research has been carried out in grassland ecosystems,and little is known about whether forest ecosystems,in particular outside the temperate zone,respond similarly.Here,we tested whether productivity,assessed as leaf area index(LAI),increases with species richness in young experimental stands of subtropical trees,whether this response is similar for early-season leaf area(which is dominated by evergreens)and seasonal leaf area increase(which is dominated by deciduous species),and whether responses saturate at high species richness.Methods We used a planted tree biodiversity experiment in south-east China to test our hypotheses.LAI was determined three times by digital hemispheric photography in 144 plots that had been planted with 400 trees each,forming communities with 1,2,4,8 or 16 tree species.Important Findings LAI increased significantly with tree species richness in the fifth year of stand establishment.Similar,but weaker,statistically non-significant trends were observed 1 year before.We did not observe leaf area overyielding and the presence of particularly productive and unproductive species explained large amounts of variation in leaf area,suggesting that selection-type effects contributed substantially to the biodiversity effects we found in this early phase of stand establishment.Effects sizes were moderate to large and comparable in magnitude to the ones reported for grassland ecosystems.Subtropical(and tropical)forests harbor substantial parts of global net primary production and are critical for the Earth’s carbon and hydrological cycle,and our results suggest that tree diversity critically supports these ecosystem services.Siyi Peng Bernhard Schmid Josephine Haase Pascal A.Niklaus 2017Journal of Plant Ecology2017,10,1:13
4The interplay of host genetic factors and Epstein-Barr virus in the development of nasopharyngeal carcinoma显示文摘The interplay between host cell genetics and Epstein-Barr virus(EBV) infection contributes to the development of nasopharyngeal carcinoma(NPC). Understanding the host genetic and epigenetic alterations and the influence of EBV on cell signaling and host gene regulation will aid in understanding the molecular pathogenesis of NPC and provide useful biomarkers and targets for diagnosis and therapy. In this review, we provide an update of the oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes associated with NPC, as well as genes associated with NPC risk including those involved in carcinogen detoxification and DNA repair. We also describe the importance of host genetics that govern the human leukocyte antigen(HLA) complex and immune responses, and we describe the impact of EBV infection on host cell signaling changes and epigenetic regulation of gene expression. High-power genomic sequencing approaches are needed to elucidate the genetic basis for inherited susceptibility to NPC and to identify the genes and pathways driving its molecular pathogenesis.Maria Li Lung Arthur Kwok Leung Cheung Josephine Mun Yee Ko Hong Lok Lung Yue Cheng Wei Dai 2014Chinese Journal of Cancer2014,33,11:13
5高龄对男性生育力的影响显示文摘在过去的几十年里,现代社会的压力和期望使得育龄夫妇生育年龄总体推迟。已知女性在临近40岁时卵母细胞的产生将会明显减少,而高龄对男性精子生成能力的影响还知之甚少。男性生育年龄无明确限制,因而高龄对男性生育能力的影响还不完全清楚。本文将就目前已知的高龄对男性精子质量、生育能力和子代健康的影响进行综述,希望能在医生就男性推迟生育及高龄相关的风险咨询时起到一定的指导作用。Jason R Kovac Josephine Addai Ryan P Smith Robert M Coward Dolores J Lamb Larry I Lipshultz 2013Asian Journal of Andrology2013,15,6:12
6供给系统、社会习俗与生活方式--中产阶层日常生活中的饮食消费变迁显示文摘中国城市中产阶层肉类消费的快速增长受到环境科学和社会政策研究的关注。本文将对北京和上海居民日常生活中肉类的供给和消费进行动态分析。数据来源为针对中产阶层的半结构式个案访谈,主要考察以下问题:(1)食品供给系统转变过程中人们食用肉类的经历;(2)在社交、庆祝活动和照顾家人时肉类食品的角色转变;(3)伴随对健康和养生的关注以及食品安全问题,饮食与保健知识逐渐交织在一起从而改变肉类消费模式。在中国中产阶层采用新形式的自我修养和对健康关注的背景下,减少吃肉正在渐渐取得合法性,但是日常实践中存在着阻碍饮食消费改变的机制。研究揭示了中国的中产阶层与肉类消费之间的动态关系,日常生活的动态--包含了以家庭、社交和健康为核心的社会文化习俗--如何同时推动和约束中国背景下的饮食习惯变迁。本研究广泛吸收社会科学和环境科学的研究文献,目的是深化对中国背景下转向可持续发展的社会实践的定性研究。朱迪 Alison Browne Josephine Mylan 2020山东社会科学2020,0,3:11
7兆伏级锥形束CT:系统说明及IGRT临床应用介绍显示文摘阐述临床用兆伏级锥形束CT(MV CBCT)系统,介绍图像采集和患者摆位的过程,并就摆位精度和图像质量进行讨论,并通过所选病例介绍该系统在影像引导下的放射治疗(IGRT)中的潜在应用价值。兆伏级锥形束CT系统由一台标准直线加速器外加配备以非晶硅平板型EPID,能够适合兆伏级光子射线。一体化的计算机工作平台能够支持投照图像的自动采集,图像重建,CT到锥形束CT图像的注册,以及治疗床的移动计算。系统具有亚毫米级的定位精度和足够的软组织分辨率,能够显示前列腺等软组织结构。在我院,已经使用兆伏级锥形束CT系统检测脊髓的非刚性形变,监控肿瘤的生长和消退,以及肺内固定肿瘤的定位等。对于受到金属伪影干扰的结构,兆伏级锥形束CT还提高了其勾画的准确性。在过去的几年中,兆伏级锥形束CT有了较快的发展。现在的图像质量完全可以满足IGRT应用的需要。此外,我们希望兆伏级锥形束CT在临床上的应用将随着影像技术的发展而不断扩大。Olivier Morin Amy Gillis Josephine Chen Michèle Aubin M.Kara Bucci Jean Pouliot 索京涛 陆嘉德 2006中国癌症杂志2006,16,6:9
8Therapeutic potential of targeting the renin angiotensin system in portal hypertension显示文摘Portal hypertension is responsible for the bulk of the morbidity and mortality in patients with cirrhosis.Drug therapy to reduce portal pressure involves targeting two vascular beds.The first approach is to reduce intra hepatic vascular tone induced by the activity of powerful vasocontrictors such as angiotensin Ⅱ,endothelin-1 and the sympathetic system and mediated via contraction of perisinusoidal myofibroblasts and pervascular smooth muscle cells.The second approach is to reduce mesenteric and portal blood flow.Non-selective b-blockers are widely used and have been shown to prolong patient survival and reduce oesophageal variceal bleeding in advanced cirrhosis.However many patients are unable to tolerate these drugs and they are ineffective in a significant proportion of patients.Unfortunately there are no other drug therapies that have proven efficacy in the treatment of portal hypertension and prevention of variceal bleeding.This review briefly outlines current therapeutic approaches to themanagement of portal hypertension,and the evidence supporting the role of the renin angiotensin system(RAS) and the use of RAS blockers in this condition.It will also outline recent advances in RAS research that could lead to the development of new treatments focusing in particular on the recently discovered 'alternate axis' of the RAS.Chandana B Herath Josephine A Grace Peter W Angus 2013World Journal of Gastrointestinal Pathophysiology2013,4,1:9
9男性性别决定:深入了解分子机制显示文摘性别发育障碍,通常起源于引导胚胎性腺分化成睾丸或卵巢两种不能功能器官的分子或细胞网络的异常。通过刺激支持细胞的分化,激活伴Y基因Sry和其下游区靶点Sox9触发睾丸分化,然后促使睾丸的形态发生。此遗传通路一旦形成,便会在促进睾丸发育的同时积极抑制参与卵巢发育的基因。本综述旨在阐述睾丸形成以及面对雌性性征发育压力下维持雄性性征的过程。Kathryn McClelland Josephine Bowles Peter Koopman 2012Asian Journal of Andrology2012,14,1:8
10Dietary advanced glycation end-products aggravate non-alcoholic fatty liver disease显示文摘AIM To determine if manipulation of dietary advanced glycation end product(AGE), intake affects nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) progression and whether these effects are mediated via RAGE. METHODS Male C57Bl6 mice were fed a high fat, high fructose, high cholesterol(HFHC) diet for 33 wk and compared with animals on normal chow. A third group were given a HFHC diet that was high in AGEs. Another group was given a HFHC diet that was marinated in vinegar to prevent the formation of AGEs. In a second experiment, RAGE KO animals were fed a HFHC diet or a high AGE HFHC diet and compared with wildtype controls. Hepatic biochemistry, histology, picrosirius red morphometry and hepatic mR NA were determined. RESULTS Long-term consumption of the HFHC diet generated significant steatohepatitis and fibrosis after 33 wk. In this model, hepatic 4-hydroxynonenal content(a marker of chronic oxidative stress), hepatocyte ballooning, picrosirius red staining, α-smooth muscle actin and collagen type 1A gene expression were all significantly increased. Increasing the AGE content of the HFHC diet by baking further increased these markers of liver damage, but this was abrogated by pre-marination in acetic acid. In response to the HFHC diet, RAGE-/-animals developed NASH of similar severity to RAGE+/+ animals but were protected from the additional harmful effects of the high AGE containing diet. Studies in isolated Kupffer cells showed that AGEs increase cell proliferation and oxidative stress, providing a likely mechanism through which these compounds contribute to liver injury. CONCLUSION In the HFHC model of NAFLD, manipulation of dietary AGEs modulates liver injury, inflammation, and liver fibrosis via a RAGE dependent pathway. This suggests that pharmacological and dietary strategies targeting the AGE/RAGE pathway could slow the progression of NAFLD.Christopher Leung Chandana B Herath Zhiyuan Jia Sof Andrikopoulos Bronwyn E Brown Michael J Davies Leni R Rivera John B Furness Josephine M Forbes Peter W Angus 2016World Journal of Gastroenterology2016,22,35:7
11新冠病毒肺炎临床试验核心指标集显示文摘自2019年12月新型冠状病毒肺炎(Coronavirus Disease 2019, COVID-19)暴发以来,已有大量相关临床研究完成注册或已启动。然而,不同研究间临床结局指标存在显著的异质性,同时一些不关键的指标会造成研究资源的浪费。本研究旨在构建COVID-19临床试验核心结局指标集(core outcome set, COS),为相关临床研究方案设计、开展和证据转化提供参考。本研究的实施参照《有效性试验核心结局指标(COMET)手册》(1.0版),研究组成员包括呼吸系统和危重医学、中医学、循证医学、临床药理学、统计学专家以及医学杂志编辑等。通过检索临床试验注册网站(chictr.org.cn和clinicaltrials.gov)中COVID-19相关临床研究方案,提取方案中的结局指标,形成指标池。78个COVID-19临床试验方案纳入研究,收集结局指标259个,合并规范后确定132个结局指标,涉及7个指标域。经遴选,形成了包括58个结局指标在内的初始指标清单。经过两轮德尔菲调查和一轮共识会议,最终确立针对COVID-19不同临床分型的核心指标集(COS-COVID)。COS-COVID包括1个轻型指标(病毒核酸检测转阴时间)、4个普通型指标(住院时间、复合事件发生率、临床症状积分和病毒核酸检测转阴时间)、5个重型指标(复合事件发生率、住院时间、PaO2/FiO2、机械通气时间和病毒核酸检测转阴时间)、1个危重型指标(全因死亡率)及1个康复期指标(肺功能)。COS-COVID作为目前临床评价COVID-19干预效果最具临床价值及操作性的指标集合,对证据评估和决策具有重要意义。随着对疾病认知的不断深入和COS-COVID应用的反馈,课题组将对本核心指标集进行进一步完善并更新。金鑫瑶 庞博 张俊华 刘清泉 杨忠奇 封继宏 刘学政 张磊 王保和 黄宇虹 Alice Josephine Fauci 马玉玲 Myeong Soo Lee 元唯安 谢雁鸣 唐健元 高蕊 杜亮 张硕 祁寒梅 孙宇 郑文科 杨丰文 蔡慧姿 王可仪 欧益 黄明 朱彦 喻佳洁 田金徽 赵敏 胡镜清 姚晨 李幼平 张伯礼 2020Engineering2020,6,10:5
12响应面分析优化酶水解小黄鱼(Larimichthys polyactis)蛋白产生的咸味肽及其风味度显示文摘由于食盐(Na Cl)用量普遍高于所需,为了减少食盐摄入量,最有效的方法是减少Na+的摄入量,而咸味肽是最为理想的方法之一。为了确定酶水解海洋蛋白产生咸味肽的最佳工艺条件,首先,对酶水解时间,p H及以Na Cl感官评定浓度为指标进行单因素试验,初步确定各因素的最适水平。然后,通过响应面法优化酶解条件。在此基础上,以咸味肽产生最佳风味为响应值,利用二次回归正交旋转组合设计的试验方法建立数学模型,进行响应面分析,最后,探讨p H,酶解时间对咸味的影响。结果:咸味肽的最佳产生工艺在温度50℃,加酶量1.0%时,p H为6.3,酶解时间为3 h,在保证合适风味度的前提下,获得最佳感官评定的咸味浓度为60 m M。结论:实际值与预测值的误差在允许的范围内,模型预测的结果可靠。吴迪 Josephine Omodo Glory Magawa 袁宁 林慧敏 孙艳辉 赵毅 罗成 邓尚贵 2017中国食品添加剂2017,28,9:5
13Tetrahymena Gene Expression Database (TGED):A resource of microarray data and co-expression analyses for Tetrahymena显示文摘Tetrahymena thermophila is a model eukaryotic organism. Functional genomic analyses in Tetrahymena present rich opportunities to address fundamental questions of cell and molecular biology. The Tetrahymena Gene Expression Database (TGED; available at http://gffzz5d146715fb2e495ehoqqwqw0vuffv60n5.ffgz.tsg.suse.edu.cn) is the first expression database of a ciliated protozoan. It covers three major physiological and developmental states: growth, starvation, and conjugation, and can be accessed through a user-friendly web interface. The gene expression profiles and candidate co-expressed genes for each gene can be retrieved using Gene ID or Gene description searches. Descriptions of standardized methods of sample preparation and the opportunity to add new Tetrahymena microarray data will be of great interest to the Tetrahymena research community. TGED is intended to be a resource for all members of the scientific research community who are interested in Tetrahymena and other ciliates.XIONG Jie LU XingYi LU YuMing ZENG HongHui YUAN DongXia FENG LiFang CHANG Yue Josephine BOWEN Martin GOROVSKY FU ChengJie MIAO Wei 2011Science China(Life Sciences)2011,54,1:5
14Clinical and historical features of emergency department patients with pericardial effusions显示文摘BACKGROUND: Diagnosing pericardial effusion is critical for optimal patient care. Typically, clinicians use physical examination ? ndings and historical features suggesting pericardial effusion to determine which patients require echocardiography. The diagnostic characteristics of these tools are not well described. The objective of this study is to determine the prevalence of historical features and sensitivity of clinical signs to inform clinicians when to proceed with echocardiogram.METHODS: A retrospective review of point-of-care echocardiograms performed over a two and a half year period in two emergency departments were reviewed for the presence of a pericardial effusion. Patient charts were reviewed and abstracted for presenting symptoms, historical features and clinical findings. The prevalence of presenting symptoms and historical features and the sensitivity of classic physical examination ? ndings associated with pericardial effusion and tamponade were determined.RESULTS: One hundred and fifty-three patients with pericardial effusion were identified. Of these patients, the most common presenting complaint was chest pain and shortness of breath. Patients had no historical features that would suggest pericardial effusion in 37.5% of cases. None of the patients with pericardial effusion or pericardial tamponade had all of the elements of Beck's triad. The sensitivity of Beck's triad was found to be 0(0%–19.4%). The sensitivity for one ? nding of Beck's triad to diagnose pericardial tamponade was 50%(28.0%–72.0%).CONCLUSION: History and physical examination findings perform poorly as tests for the diagnosis of pericardial effusion or pericardial tamponade. Clinicians must liberally evaluate patients suspected of having a pericardial effusion with echocardiography.Lori Stolz Josephine Valenzuela Elaine Situ-LaCasse Uwe Stolz Nicolas Hawbaker Matthew Thompson Srikar Adhikari 2017World Journal of Emergency Medicine2017,8,1:4
15A radical scavenger edaravone and oligodendrocyte protection/regeneration显示文摘Cerebral white matter is vulnerable to oxidative stress:Oxidative stress is one of the major harmful conditions for the central nervous system(CNS).Oxidative stress is a state from an imbalance between free radical production and their removal by antioxidants,resulting in an excessive amount of reactive oxygen species(ROS)in cells and tissues.ROS causes cell damage due to oxidation of cellular components,including DNAs,proteins,and lipids.Hajime Takase Josephine Lok Ken Arai 2018Neural Regeneration Research2018,13,9:4
16Thioredoxins Play a Crucial Role in Dynamic Acclimation of Photosynthesis in Fluctuating Light显示文摘Ina Thormahlen Arkadius Zupok Josephin Rescher Jochen Leger Stefan Weissenberger Julia Groysman Anne Orwat Gilles Chatel-lnnocenti Emmanuelle Issakidis-Bourguet Ute Armbruster Peter Geigenberger 2017Molecular Plant2017,10,1:4
17机械振动对吸收式制冷强化作用的理论与试验研究申江 邹国文 王建民 Josephine Lau 申子奇 孙欢 2016流体机械2016,44,3:3
18卫生经济学评价报告标准共识(CHEERS)声明显示文摘卫生干预的经济学评价对报告提出特殊挑战,有必要统一和更新已有的指南并促进其以一种用户友好的方式使用。卫生经济学评价报告标准共识(CHEERS)声明是对以前的卫生经济学评价指南的继承和更新,并将其转化为与时俱进的实用报告指南,CHEERS声明的主要读者是报告经济学评价结果的研究人员和评估经济学评价结果的编辑和审稿人。对医学编辑的调查确定了需要新的报告指南,基于系统综述创建了可能的条目清单。之后进行了两轮改进的德尔菲专家咨询,这些专家来自学术界、临床医生、企业、政府和编辑。从44个候选条目中确定了24个条目及建议。这些建议包含在一个用户友好的24条目清单里。声明、清单和这个报告可在ISPOR网站的卫生经济学评价指南工作组网站上找到 (www. ispor, org/TaskForces/EeonomicPub (;uidelines. asp )我们希望CHEERS带来更好的报告,最终带来更好的卫生决策,为了便于传播和获取,CHEERS声明刊登在10种卫生经济学和医学期刊上。我们鼓励其他期刊和团体支持CHEERS。作者团队计划在5年后更新清单,卫生经济学评价是用来辅助资源分配决策的,经济学评价被定义为“依照它们的成本和效果对可供选择的行动方案进行比较分析”,所有经济学评价都评估成本,但测量和评估健康干预效果的方法可能有所不同(框图1)。经济学评价已广泛应用于卫生政策,包括干预项目(如疫苗接种、筛检和健康促进)、诊断、治疗(如药物和外科手术)、护理和康复的评估。经济学评价越来越多地用于决策,并且是国际卫生技术评估项目的一个重要组成部分^2。Don Husercau Michael Drumrnond Stavrps Petrpi Chris Carswell editor David Moher Dan Greeuberg Federico Argustovski Andrew H Briggs Josephine Mauskopf Elizabeth Loder 杨莉 2013英国医学杂志中文版2013,16,3:3
19Modelling growing space of four valuable broadleaved tree species in southern China显示文摘We present management tools for growing four valuable broadleaved tree species,indigenous to subtropical southern China.Crown diameter(CD)of the species studied can be predicted very well by using a model that is solely a linear function of diameter at breast height(DBH).The addition of tree age(AGE)and yield class(YC)to this model did not significantly improve its predictive capacity.We used species-specific crown diameter models to calculate the amount of growing space and subsequently stand density that each species needs to achieve desired stem radial growth rates.Furthermore we used this information to calculate a'distance factor',a rule of thumb that roughly estimates the distance between two neighboring trees needed to achieve a desired future target diameter.These tools facilitate the planning of thinning regimes by using crown diameter models combined with annual radial growth rates to calculate the number of crop trees per hectare required to reach a desired target stem diameter.Johanna SCHULER Josephine CUENI Heinrich SPIECKER Wen-Fu GUO 2013Forestry Studies in China2013,15,3:3
20四膜虫基因表达数据库:四膜虫全基因组基因表达芯片和协同表达分析的数据资源显示文摘嗜热四膜虫是一种优良的真核模式生物,对其功能基因组学的分析将为研究细胞和分子生物学的基础性重大问题提供新的机遇.四膜虫基因表达数据库(TGED)是原生动物纤毛虫中第一个基因表达数据库,整个数据库包括了四膜虫3个重要的生理和发育阶段20个时间点的全基因组基因表达数据,提供了友好的网页界面(http://gffzz5d146715fb2e495ehoqqwqw0vuffv60n5.ffgz.tsg.suse.edu.cn)供用户获取这些数据.通过基因的标识号或描述信息,用户可以获取基因表达谱信息和协同表达基因.此外,TGED同时提供了制备四膜虫基因表达芯片的样品制备方法.欢迎研究者上传和分享其所有的基因芯片数据,以期为四膜虫或纤毛虫研究提供重要的功能基因组学资源.熊杰 陆星亦 陆钰明 曾宏辉 袁冬霞 冯立芳 畅悦 BOWEN Josephine GOROVSKY Martin 傅诚杰 缪炜 2010中国科学:生命科学2010,40,12:2
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