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| 1 | 2型糖尿病患者服用吡格列酮的膀胱癌风险显示文摘背景
吡格列酮是一种有争议的噻唑烷二酮类口服降糖药物,可以有效降低糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)浓度,且降低心血管事件的发生风险,但同时也与体重增加和充血性心力衰竭风险的增加有关。尽管目前数据有限,但还是有证据显示它可能还与膀胱癌患病风险的增加有关。 | Laurent Azoulay assistant professor Hui Yin statistician Kristian B Filion assistant professor Jonathan Assayag graduate student 王子贤(编译) | 2012 | 中国处方药2012，10，5： | 17 |
| 2 | Approach to the endoscopic resection of duodenal lesions显示文摘Duodenal polyps or lesions are uncommonly found on upper endoscopy. Duodenal lesions can be categorized as subepithelial or mucosally-based, and the type of lesion often dictates the work-up and possible therapeutic options. Subepithelial lesions that can arise in the duodenum include lipomas, gastrointestinal stromal tumors, and carcinoids. Endoscopic ultrasonography with fine needle aspiration is useful in the characterization and diagnosis of subepithelial lesions. Duodenal gastrointestinal stromal tumors and large or multifocal carcinoids are best managed by surgical resection. Brunner's gland tumors, solitary Peutz-Jeghers polyps, and non-ampullary and ampullary adenomas are mucosally-based duodenal lesions, which can require removal and are typically amenable to endoscopic resection. Several anatomic characteristics of the duodenum make endoscopic resection of duodenal lesions challenging. However, advanced endoscopic techniques exist that enable the resection of large mucosally-based duodenal lesions. Endoscopic papillectomy is not without risk, but this procedure can effectively resect ampullary adenomas and allows patients to avoid surgery, which typically involves pancreaticoduodenectomy. Endoscopic mucosal resection and its variations(such as cap-assisted, cap-band-assisted, and underwater techniques) enable the safe and effective resection of most duodenal adenomas. Endoscopic submucosal dissection is possible but very difficult to safely perform in the duodenum. | Jonathan P Gaspar Edward B Stelow Andrew Y Wang | 2016 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2016，22，2： | 17 |
| 3 | Factors associated with time to laparoscopic cholecystectomy for acute cholecystitis显示文摘AIM: To determine patient and process of care factors associated with performance of timely laparoscopic cholecystectomy for acute cholecystitis. METHODS: A retrospective medical record review of 88 consecutive patients with acute cholecystitis was conducted. Data collected included demographic data, co-morbidities, symptoms and physical findings at presentation, laboratory and radiological investigations, length of stay, complications, and admission service (medical or surgical). Patients not undergoing cholecystectomy during this hospitalization were excluded from analysis. Hierarchical generalized linear models were constructed to assess the association of pre-operative diagnostic procedures, presenting signs, and admitting service with time to surgery.RESULTS: Seventy cases met inclusion and exclusion criteria, among which 12 were admitted to the medical service and 58 to the surgical service. Mean ± SD time to surgery was 39.3 ± 43 h, with 87% of operations performed within 72 h of hospital arrival. In the adjusted models, longer time to surgery was associated with number of diagnostic studies and endoscopic retrograde cholangio-pancreatography (ERCP, P = 0.01) as well with admission to medical service without adjustment for ERCP (P < 0.05). Patients undergoing both magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) and computed tomography (CT) scans experienced the longest waits for surgery. Patients admitted to the surgical versus medical service underwent surgery earlier (30.4 ± 34.9 vs 82.7 ± 55.1 h, P < 0.01), had less post-operative complications (12% vs 58%, P < 0.01), and shorter length of stay (4.3 ± 3.4 vs 8.1 ± 5.2 d, P < 0.01).CONCLUSION: Admission to the medical service and performance of numerous diagnostic procedures, ERCP, or MRCP combined with CT scan were associated with longer time to surgery. Expeditious performance of ERCP and MRCP and admission of medically stable patients with suspected cholecystitis to the surgical service to speed up time to surgery should be considered. | Chris N Daniak David Peretz Jonathan M Fine Yun Wang Alan K Meinke William B Hale | 2008 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2008，14，7： | 13 |
| 4 | Sessile serrated adenomas:Demographic,endoscopic and pathological characteristics显示文摘AIM:To study the demographic and endoscopic characteristics of patients with sessile serrated adenoma(SSA) in a single center.METHODS:Patients with SSA were identified by review of the pathology database of Mayo Clinic Arizona from 2005 to 2007.A retrospective chart review was performed to extract data on demographics,polyp characteristics,presence of synchronous adenomatous polyps or cancer,polypectomy methods,and related complications.RESULTS:One hundred and seventy-one(2.9%) of all patients undergoing colonoscopy had a total of 226 SSAs.The mean(SE) size of the SSAs was 8.1(0.4) mm;42% of SSAs were ≤ 5 mm,and 69% were ≤ 9 mm.Fifty-one per cent of SSAs were located in the cecum or ascending colon.Approximately half of the patients had synchronous polyps of other histological types,including hyperplastic and adenomatous polyps.Synchronous adenocarcinoma was present in seven(4%) cases.Ninety-seven percent of polyps were removed by colonoscopy.CONCLUSION:Among patients with colon polyps,2.9% were found to have SSAs.Most of the SSAs were located in the right side and were safely managed by colonoscopy. | Suryakanth R Gurudu Russell I Heigh Giovanni De Petris Evelyn G Heigh Jonathan A Leighton Shabana F Pasha Isaac B Malagon Ananya Das | 2010 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2010，16，27： | 7 |
| 5 | Jaundice associated pruritis:A review of pathophysiology and treatment显示文摘To review the underlying pathophysiology and currently available treatments for pruritis associated with jaundice.English language literature was reviewed using MEDLINE,Pub Med,EMBASE and clinicaltrials.gov for papers and trails addressing the pathophysiology and potential treatments for pruritis associated with jaundice.Recent advances in the understanding of the peripheral anatomy of itch transmission have defined a histamine stimulated pathway and a cowhage stimulated pathway with sensation conveyed centrally via the contralateral spinothalamic tract.Centrally,cowhage andhistamine stimulated neurons terminate widely within the thalamus and sensorimotor cortex.The causative factors for itch in jaundice have not been clarified although endogenous opioids,serotonin,steroid and lysophosphatidic acid all play a role.Current guidelines for the treatment of itching in jaundice recommend initial management with biliary drainage where possible and medical management with ursodeoxycholic acid,followed by cholestyramine,rifampicin,naltrexone and sertraline.Other than biliary drainage no single treatment has proved universally effective.Pruritis associated with jaundice is a common but poorly understood condition for which biliary drainage is the most effective therapy.Pharmacological therapy has advanced but remains variably effective. | Ramez Bassari Jonathan B Koea | 2015 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2015，21，5： | 5 |
| 6 | Radiation risks associated with serial imaging in colorectal cancer patients:Should we worry?显示文摘To provide an overview of the radiation related cancer risk associated with multiple computed tomographic scans required for follow up in colorectal cancer patients.A literature search of the PubMed and Cochrane Library databases was carried out and limited to the last 10 years from December 2012.Inclusion criteria were studies where computed tomographic scans or radiation from other medical imaging modalities were used and the risks associated with ionizing radiation reported.Thirty-six studies were included for appraisal with no randomized controlled trials.Thirty-four of the thirty-six studies showed a positive association between medical imaging radiation and increased risk of cancer.The radiation dose absorbed and cancer risk was greater in children and young adults than in older patients.Most studies included in the review used a linear,nothreshold model to calculate cancer risks and this may not be applicable at low radiation doses.Many studies are retrospective and ensuring complete follow up on thousands of patients is difficult.There was a minor increased risk of cancer from ionizing radiation in medical imaging studies.The radiation risks of low dose exposure(<50 milli-Sieverts)are uncertain.A clinically justified scan in the context of colorectal cancer is likely to provide more benefits than harm but current guidelines for patient follow up will need to be revised to accommodate a more aggressive approach to treating metastatic disease. | Jeong Suk Oh Jonathan B Koea | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，1： | 3 |
| 7 | Requirement for cyclin D3 in germinal center formation and function显示文摘第二等的淋巴的纸巾的幼芽的中心(GC ) 对装高亲密关系的体液的有免疫力的回答批评。当多样化他们的抗体基因时,在 GC 以内的 B 房间经历快速的同种细胞的扩大和选择。尽管 GC B 房间采用一个唯一的 proliferative 程序提供这些进程,这通常被相信,很少联系 GC 的房间周期怎么被安排被知道。D 类型 cyclins 组成使房间能对生理的变化作出回应的房间周期引擎的一个重要部件。房间类型 -- 并且 D 类型 cyclins 的发展阶段特定的角色被描述了,但是 cyclin D 要求没在 GC 反应期间被探讨。在这研究,我们报导 cyclin D3 为切换的增长和 Ig 班大部分是非必需的在 vitro 激活的 B 房间。相反,在 Ccnd3 的 GC 开发 ?/ ?老鼠显著地被损害,作为是 T 房间依赖者抗体反应。在 GC 以内,尽管切换, unswitched B 房间被 cyclin D3 inactivation 影响, IgM?水池更严重地被减少。有趣地尽管有 cyclin D2 表示的补偿增加, Ccnd3 的一个重要数字 ?/ ?GC B 房间处于静止 G0 状态积累。最后,尽管 cyclin D3 inactivation 没在 GC B 房间破坏 BCL6 表示,支持 BCL6 overexpression 的效果完全堵住了 GC,建议 cyclin D3 调整 GC 形成的 BCL6 下游地行动。这是 cyclin D3 玩的第一示范在 B 房间开发的 GC 阶段的一个重要、唯一的角色。 | Jonathan U Peled J Jessica Yu Jeganathan Venkatesh Enguang Bi B Belinda Ding Melissa Krupski-Downs Rita Shaknovich Piotr Sicinski Betty Diamond Matthew D Scharff B Hilda Ye | 2010 | Cell Research2010，20，6： | 3 |
| 8 | Appropriateness of systemic treatments in unresectable metastatic well-differentiated pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors显示文摘AIM:To evaluate systemic treatment choices in unresectable metastatic well-differentiated pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors(PNETs)and provide consensus treatment recommendations.METHODS:Systemic treatment options for pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors have expanded in recent years to include somatostatin analogs,angiogenesis inhibitors,inhibitors of mammalian target of rapamycinand cytotoxic agents.At this time,there is little data to guide treatment selection and sequence.We therefore assembled a panel of expert physicians to evaluate systemic treatment choices and provide consensus treatment recommendations.Treatment appropriateness ratings were collected using the RAND/UCLA modified Delphi process.After studying the literature,a multidisciplinary panel of 10 physicians assessed the appropriateness of various medical treatment scenarios on a 1-9 scale.Ratings were done both before and after an extended discussion of the evidence.Quantitative measurements of agreement were made and consensus statements developed from the second round ratings.RESULTS:Specialties represented were medical and surgical oncology,interventional radiology,and gastroenterology.Panelists had practiced for a mean of15.5 years(range:6-33).Among 202 rated scenarios,disagreement decreased from 13.2%(26 scenarios)before the face-to-face discussion of evidence to 1%(2)after.In the final ratings,46.5%(94 scenarios)were rated inappropriate,21.8%(44)were uncertain,and30.7%(62)were appropriate.Consensus statements from the scenarios included:(1)it is appropriate to use somatostatin analogs as first line therapy in patients with hormonally functional tumors and may be appropriate in patients who are asymptomatic;(2)it is appropriate to use everolimus,sunitinib,or cytotoxic chemotherapy therapy as first line therapy in patients with symptomatic or progressive tumors;and(3)beyond first line,these same agents can be used.In patients with uncontrolled secretory symptoms,octreotide LAR doses can be titrated up to 60 mg every4 wk or up to 40 mg every 3 or 4 wk.CONCLUSION:Using the Delphi process allowed physician experts to systematically obtain a consensus on the appropriateness of a variety of medical therapies in patients with PNETs. | Jonathan R Strosberg George A Fisher Al B Benson Lowell B Anthony Bulent Arslan John F Gibbs Edward Greeno Renuka V Iyer Michelle K Kim William J Maples Philip A Philip Edward M Wolin Dasha Cherepanov Michael S Broder | 2015 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2015，21，8： | 2 |
| 9 | Use of siRNA molecular beacons to detect and attenuate mycobacterial infection in macrophages显示文摘Tuberculosis is one of the leading infectious diseases plaguing mankind and is mediated by the facultative pathogen, Mycobacterium tuberculosis(MTB). Once the pathogen enters the body, it subverts the host immune defenses and thrives for extended periods of time within the host macrophages in the lung granulomas, a condition called latent tuberculosis(LTB). Persons with LTB are prone to reactivation of the disease when the body's immunity is compromised. Currently there are no reliable and effective diagnosis and treatment options for LTB, which necessitates new research in this area. The mycobacterial proteins and genes mediating the adaptive responses inside the macrophage is largely yet to be determined. Recently, it has been shown that the mce operon genes are critical for host cell invasion by the mycobacterium and for establishing a persistent infection in both in vitro and in mouse models of tuberculosis. The Yrb E and Mce proteins which are encoded by the MTB mce operons display high degrees of homology to the permeases and the surface binding protein of the ABC transports, respectively. Similarities in structure and cell surface location impute a role in cell invasion at cholesterol rich regions and immunomodulation. The mce4 operon is also thought to encode a cholesterol transport system that enables the mycobacterium to derive both energy and carbon from the host membrane lipids and possibly generating virulence mediating metabolites, thus enabling the bacteria in its long term survival within the granuloma. Various deletion mutation studies involving individual or whole mce operon genes have shown to be conferring varying degrees of attenuation of infectivity or at times hypervirulence to the host MTB, with the deletion of mce4 A operon gene conferring the greatest degree of attenuation of virulence. Antisense technology using synthetic si RNAs has been used in knocking down genes in bacteria and over the years this has evolvedinto a powerful tool for elucidating the roles of various genes mediating infectivity and survival in mycobacteria. Molecular beacons are a newer class of antisense RNA tagged with a fluorophore/quencher pair and their use for in vivo detection and knockdown of mR NA is rapidly gaining popularity. | Remo George Renata Cavalcante Celso Carvalho Jr Elyana Marques Jonathan B Waugh M Tino Unlap | 2015 | World Journal of Experimental Medicine2015，5，3： | 2 |
| 10 | Improved scoring system for the electrocardiographic diagnosis of left ventricular hypertrophy显示文摘BACKGROUND Left ventricular hypertrophy(LVH) is a common manifestation of cardiovascular disease and a risk factor for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, but available methods for its electrocardiographic(ECG) diagnosis have limited accuracy.AIM To investigate findings associated with LVH on ECG and developed an improved system for the diagnosis of LVH.METHODS A cohort study comparing ECG data acquired within 30 days of transthoracic echocardiography(TTE) was performed. Multivariate regression analysis identified ECG findings associated with increased LV mass and mass index. A scoring system was derived and performance compared to established criteria for LVH.RESULTS Data from 5486 outpatients with TTEs and corresponding ECGs were included in the derivation cohort, 333(6.1%) of whom had LVH by TTE. In the primary regression analysis, findings associated with LVH were amplitudes of Q in V3, R in V6, S in V3, T in V6, P' in V1, P in V6, as well as R and T-axis discordance, R peak time in V6, QRS duration, weight, height, sex, and age. From this we derived a score consisting of 5 criteria, and validated it in an independent cohort of 910 patients. With a threshold of 1.5 points, sensitivity and specificity were67.9% and 81.4%, and 62.5% and 83.2% in the derivation and validation cohorts,respectively. With a threshold of 2 points, sensitivity and specificity were 42.3% and 93.0%, and 37.5% and 93.4% in these cohorts.CONCLUSIONS This score had superior sensitivity for detection of LVH by ECG while making a modest sacrifice in specificity compared to conventional criteria. | Eric D Braunstein Lori B Croft Jonathan L Halperin Steve L Liao | 2019 | World Journal of Cardiology2019，11，3： | 2 |
| 11 | Enzymatic hydrolysis of lime-pretreated corn stover and investigation of the HCH-1 model: inhibition pattern, degree of inhibition,validity of simplified HCH-1 model 显示文摘 | Jonathan P Zhu L Cesar B G | 2007 | Bioresource Technology2007，98，16： | 1 |
| 12 | Integrated optical dull Mach-Zehnder interferometer sensor显示文摘 | Hua P Jonathan L B Quigley G Q | 2002 | Sensors and Actuators B2002，87，2： | 1 |
| 13 | What is it like to use hip protectors A qualitative study of the views and experiences of nurses and patients显示文摘 | Robert K Jonathan B Audrey K | 2006 | Clinical Effective- ness in Nursing2006，9，1： | 1 |
| 14 | Incidence and predictors of glaucoma following surgery for congenital cataract in the first year of life in V ictoria, A ustralia显示文摘 | Jonathan B Ruddle Sandra E Staffieri Jonathan G Crowston Justin C Sherwin David A Mackey | 2013 | Clin Experiment Ophthalmol2013，，7： | 1 |
| 15 | Enhancement of neonatal innate defense: Effects of adding an N-Terminal recombinant fragment of bactericidal/permeability-increasing protein on growth and tumor necrosis factor-inducing activity of Gram-negative bacteria tested in neonatal cord blood Ex Vivo显示文摘 | Richard B Jonathan K | 2000 | Infection and immunity2000，，： | 1 |
| 16 | Evaluation of the System UF-100 automated urinalysis analyzer显示文摘 | Linda B Richared AM | 1998 | Clin Chem1998，44，3： | 1 |
| 17 | Entanglement-assisted Local Manipulation of Pure Quantum States显示文摘 | JONATHAN D PLENIO M B | 1999 | Phys Rev Lett1999，83，： | 1 |
| 18 | Six Sigma in health care显示文摘 | Jonathan B C | 2009 | Radiologic Technology2009，81，1： | 1 |
| 19 | Helicase structure and mechanism显示文摘 | Jonathan M Caruthers David B McKay | 2002 | Current Opinion in Structural Biology2002，，1： | 1 |
| 20 | Geographical Data Structures Compared: A Study of Data Structures Supporting Region Queries 显示文摘 | Jonathan B Rosenberg | 1985 | IEEE Transactions on Computer-aided Design1985，4，1： | 1 |
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