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| 1 | A complete sequence and comparative analysis of a SARS-associated virus(Isolate BJ01)显示文摘The genome sequence of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS)-associated virus provides essential information for the identification of pathogen(s), exploration of etiology and evolution, interpretation of transmission and pathogenesis, development of diagnostics, prevention by future vaccination, and treatment by developing new drugs. We report the complete genome sequence and comparative analysis of an isolate (BJ01) of the coronavirus that has been recognized as a pathogen for SARS. The genome is 29725 nt in size and has 11 ORFs (Open Reading Frames). It is composed of a stable region encoding an RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (composed of 2 ORFs) and a variable region representing 4 CDSs (coding sequences) for viral structural genes (the S, E, M, N proteins) and 5 PUPs (putative uncharacterized proteins). Its gene order is identical to that of other known coronaviruses. The sequence alignment with all known RNA viruses places this virus as a member in the family of Coronaviridae. Thirty putative substitutions have been identified by comparative analysis of the 5 SARS- associated virus genome sequences in GenBank. Fifteen of them lead to possible amino acid changes (non-synonymous mutations) in the proteins. Three amino acid changes, with predicted alteration of physical and chemical features, have been detected in the S protein that is postulated to beinvolved in the immunoreactions between the virus and its host. Two amino acid changes have been detected in the Mprotein, which could be related to viral envelope formation. Phylogenetic analysis suggests the possibility of non-human origin of the SARS-associated viruses but provides noevidence that they are man-made. Further efforts should focus on identifying the etiology of the SARS-associated virus and ruling out conclusively the existence of otherpossible SARS-related pathogen(s). | QIN E'de ZHU Qingyu YU Man FAN Baochang CHANG Guohui SI Bingyin YANG Bao PENG Wenming JIANG Tao LIU Bohua DENG Yongqiang LIU Hong ZHANG Yu WANG Cui LI Yuquan GAN Yonghua LI Xiaoyu L Fushuang TAN Gang CAO Wuchun, YANG Ruifu Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Chinese Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing 100071, China WANG Jian, LI Wei, XU Zuyuan, LI Yan, WU Qingfa, LIN Wei, CHEN Weijun, TANG Lin, DENG Yajun, HAN Yujun, LI Changfeng, LEI Meng, LI Guoqing, LI Wenjie, L Hong, SHI Jianping, TONG Zongzhong, ZHANG Feng, LI Songgang, LIU Bin, LIU Siqi, DONG Wei, WANG Jun, Gane K-S Wong, YU Jun & YANG Huanming* Beijing Genomics Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101300 National Center for Genome Information, Beijing 101300, China | 2003 | Chinese Science Bulletin2003，48，10： | 121 |
| 2 | Relocation of the M8.0 Wenchuan earthquake and its aftershock sequence显示文摘We relocated M8.0 Wenchuan earthquake and 2706 aftershocks with M≥2.0 using double-difference algorithm and obtained relocations of 2553 events. To reduce the influence of lateral variation in crustal and upper mantle velocity structure, we used different velocity models for the east and west side of Longmenshan fault zone. In the relocation process, we added seismic data from portable seismic sta-tions close to the shocks to constrain focal depths. The precisions in E-W, N-S, and U-D directions after relocation are 0.6, 0.7, and 2.5 km respectively. The relocation results show that the aftershock epi-centers of Wenchuan earthquake were distributed in NE-SW direction, with a total length of about 330 km. The aftershocks were concentrated on the west side of the central fault of Longmenshan fault zone, excluding those on the north of Qingchuan, which obviously deviated from the surface fault and passed through Pingwu-Qingchuan fault in the north. The dominant focal depths of the aftershocks are between 5 and 20 km, the average depth is 13.3 km, and the depth of the relocated main shock is 16.0 km. The depth profile reveals that focal depth distribution in some of the areas is characterized by high-angle westward dipping. The rupture mode of the main shock features reverse faulting in the south, with a large strike-slip component in the north. | HUANG Yuan WU JianPing ZHANG TianZhong ZHANG DongNing | 2008 | Science China Earth Sciences2008，51，12： | 64 |
| 3 | Immunohisto chemical Study on the Effects of Pyrethroids on Gluta-mate and γ-Aminobutyric Acid in Rat Central Nervous System显示文摘Objective\ In order to study the effects of pyrethroids on glutamate (Glu) and gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA) in rat central nervous system. Methods\ Male SD rats were treated with permethrin (7 mg/kg, i.p) or cypermethrin (70 mg/kg, i.p) once a day for 3 days. Glu and GABA immunoreactive cells and transmitters in CNS were studied by immunohistochemical method. Results\ The total number, percentage of positive area and integral optical density of glutamate immunoreactive cell in cerebral cortex, hippocampus decreased significantly in permethrin or cypermethrin, while GABA was enhanced. Cypermethrin is more tent than permethrin on either Glu or GABA. Conclusion\ Disturbance of Glu and GABA is likely to play a role in the development of pyrethroids excitatory neurotoxicity. | Wu Jianping, Lu Chun\+1, Wang Ying, et al. Wu Jianping, Lu Chun\+1, Wang Ying, et al. Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing\ 210029 Acta Universitatis Medicinalis Nanjing,19(6):450 | 1999 | The Journal of Biomedical Research1999，23，2： | 68 |
| 4 | Relocation of the mainshock and aftershock sequences of M_S7.0 Sichuan Lushan earthquake显示文摘The mainshock of April 20,2013 Sichuan Lushan MS7.0 earthquake was relocated using a 3-D velocity model.Double difference algorithm was applied to relocate aftershock sequences of Lushan earthquake.The locations of 2405 aftershocks were determined.The location errors in E-W,N-S and U-D direction were 0.30,0.29 and 0.59 km on average,respectively.The location of the mainshock is 102.983°E,30.291°N and the focal depth is 17.6 km.The relocation results show that the aftershocks spread approximately 35 km in length and 16 km in width.The dominant distribution of the focal depth ranges from 10 to 20 km.A few earthquakes occurred in the shallow crust.Focal depth profiles show fault planes dip to the northwest,manifested itself as a listric thrust fault.The dip angle is steep in the shallow crust and gentle in the deep crust.Although the epicenters of aftershocks distributed mainly along both sides of the Shuangshi-Dachuan fault,the seismogenic fault may be a blind thrust fault on the eastern side of the Shuangshi-Dachuan fault.Earthquake relocation results reveal that there is a southeastward tilt aftershock belt intersecting with the seismogenic fault with y-shape.We speculate it is a back thrust fault that often appears in a thrust fault system.Lushan earthquake triggered the seismic activity of the back thrust fault. | FANG LiHua WU JianPing WANG WeiLai Lü ZuoYong WANG ChangZai YANG Ting CAI Yan | 2013 | Chinese Science Bulletin2013，58，28： | 74 |
| 5 | Emplacement age and tectonic implications of the Xilinhot A-type granite in Inner Mongolia, China显示文摘A new rock type of granite, approximate 45 km2 in area and located about 10 km south of Xilinhot, Inner Mongolia, was found in the Sunitezuoqi (or called Su-zuoqi)-Xilinhot tectonic belt and identified as an A-type mia- rolitic intrusion. The pluton has miarolitic structure and is composed chiefly of perthite, quartz, euhedral albite and potassium feldspar. Various types of textures occur in the pluton, such as perthitie, graphic and myrmekite textures. Only quartz is found in miarolitic cavity. This A-type granite with seagull-shaped REE patterns and obvious negative Eu anomaly (d Eu = 0.24—0.28) is high in SiO2 (76%—77%), K and Na (Na2O + K2O = 7.75%—8.15%) and low in Ca (CaO = 0.20%—0.22%), Fe and Mg. Both petrographical observa-tions and chemical compositions indicate that it is an A-type granite. Zircon SHRIMP U-Pb analyses indicate that this A-type granite was emplaced at 276 2 Ma and coeval with the same type of granites in the adjacent areas. Therefore, it suggests that this pluton was likely formed in a post-orogenic extensional setting and probably related to break-off of sub-ducted slabs in Central Asian Orogenic Belt (CAOB), which indicate that the Sunitezuoqi-Xilinhot belt was tectonically evolved into post-orogenic stage since early Permian. | SHIGuanghait MIAOLaicheng ZHANGFuqing JIANPing FANWeiming LIUDunyi | 2004 | Chinese Science Bulletin2004，49，7： | 68 |
| 6 | The Tartary Buckwheat Genome Provides Insights into Rutin Biosynthesis and Abiotic Stress Tolerance显示文摘 | Zhang, Lijun Li, Xiuxiu Ma, Bin Gao, Qiang Du, Huilong Han, Yuanhuai Li, Yan Cao, Yinghao Qi, Ming Zhu, Yaxin Lu, Hongwei Ma, Mingchuan Liu, Longlong Zhou, Jianping Nan, Chenghu Qin, Yongjun Wang, Jun Cui, Lin Liu, Huimin Liang, Chengzhi Qiao, Zhijun | 2017 | Molecular Plant2017，10，9： | 53 |
| 7 | Zircon SHRIMP geochronology of the Xinkailing-Kele complex in the northwestern Lesser Xing'an Range, and its geological implications显示文摘Located in the eastern portion of the Xing'an-Mongolian Orogenic Belt (XMOB), the Xinkailing-Kele complex has previously been considered to be Precambrian metamorphic rocks, mainly according to its relatively high metamorphic grade. Our filed observation, however, revealed that the complex is composed mainly of metamorphic rocks (Kele complex), tectono-schists (“Xinkailing Group”),and granitoids (Xinkailing granitic complex). Dating on these rocks using advanced SHRIMP zircon U-Pb technique indicates that: (1) Biotite-plagioclase gneiss from the Kele complex has a protolith age of 337±7Ma (2σ) and a metamorphic age of 216±3Ma (2σ); (2) the tectono-schist of the “Xinkailing Group” gave a magmatic age of 292±6Ma (2σ), indicative of felsic volcanic protolith of the schist formed in Late Paleozoic time; and (3) the Menluhedingzi and Lengchuan granites of the Xinkailing granitic complex were emplaced at167±4 (20σ) and 164±4Ma (2σ), respectively. These results suggest that the Xinkailing-Kele complex is not Precambrian metamorphic rocks and the so-called Precambrian “Nenji-ang Block” does essentially not exist. In combination with regional geological data, we propose that the Kele metamorphic complex is likely related to a collisional tectonism that took place in Triassic lime, as indicted by its metamorphic age of 216±3Ma. The Xinkailing granitic complex was emplaced along the collisional zone during Mid-Jurassic time,likely in a post-orogenic or anorogenic setting. | MIAOLaicheng FAN,Weiming ZHANGFuqing LIUDunyi JIANPing SHIGuanghai TAOHua SHIYuruo | 2004 | Chinese Science Bulletin2004，49，2： | 58 |
| 8 | Timing of the Wudangshan, Yaolinghe volcanic sequences and mafic sills in South Qinling: U-Pb zircon geochronology and tectonic implication显示文摘The Wudangshan, Yaolinghe volcanic-sedimentary sequences and doleritic-gabbroic sills comprise the largest exposed Precambrian basement in South Qinling. Zircons separated from 5 volcanic-pyroclas- tic samples of the Wudangshan Group, 2 volcanic samples of the Yaolinghe Group and one sample for the mafic sills were used for U-Pb dating by laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma mass spec- trometry (LA-ICPMS). The results reveal that the Wudangshan volcanic sequence was formed at (755±3) Ma (a weighted mean from the 5 samples, MSWD=0.47), whereas the Yaolinghe volcanic suite and the mafic sill were crystallized at (685±5) (2 samples, MSWD=0.36) and (679±3) Ma (MSWD=1.6), respectively, which are equal to each other within analysis errors. These ages are markedly younger than those previously documented for the rocks. The newly obtained ages for the Wudangshan and Yaolinghe Groups are identical to those of the bottom Liantuo and slightly older than those of the Nantuo Forma- tions, respectively, lower strata of the Nanhua (middle to late Neoproterozoic) stratotype section in eastern Three Gorges, Yangtze craton. A range of inherited magmatic zircons was recognized with ages of 830 to 780 Ma, which are typical of Neoprotzrozoic magmatisms recorded along the margins and interior of the Yangtze craton. Thus, there is Neoproterozoic basement comprising 830―780 Ma igne- ous suites in South Qinling; the inherited zircons were detrital sediments derived from the northern margin of the Yangtze craton. Accordingly, it is suggested that the South Qinling is a segment of the Yangtze craton before the Qinling Orogeny. | LING WenLi REN BangFang DUAN RuiChun LIU XiaoMing MAO XinWu PENG LianHong LIU ZaoXue CHENG JianPing YANG HongMei | 2008 | Chinese Science Bulletin2008，53，14： | 44 |
| 9 | Zircon U-Pb age and Hf isotope of Quanyishang A-type granite in Yichang: Signification for the Yangtze continental cratonization in Paleoproterozoic显示文摘Zircon U-Pb age and Hf isotope, and major and trace element compositions were reported for granite at Quanyishang, which intruded into the Kongling complex in Yichang, Hubei Province. The results show that the Quanyishang granite is rich in silicon and alkalis but poor in calcium and magnesium, and displays enrichment in Ga, Y, Zr, Nb but depletion in Sr and Ba, exhibiting the post-orogenic A-type affinity. 90% zircons from the granite are concordant, and give a middle Paleoproterozoic magmatic crystallization age (mean 1854 Ma). Initial Hf isotope ratios (176Hf/177Hf)i of the middle Paleoproterozoic zircons range from 0.280863 to 0.281134 and they have negative εHf(t) values with a minimum of -26.3. These zircons give the depleted mantle model ages (TDM) of 2.9―3.3 Ga (mean 3.0 Ga), and the average crustal model ages (Tcrust) of 3.6―4.2 Ga (mean 3.8 Ga). A Mesoarchean grain with 207Pb/206Pb age of 2859 Ma has a slightly high TDM (3.4 Ga) but similar Tcrust (3.8 Ga) to the Paleoproterozoic zircons. All these data suggest that the source materials of the Quanyishang A-type granite are unusually old, at least ≥2.9 Ga (even Eoarchean). The event of crustal remelting, which resulted in the formation of the Quanyishang granite in the middle Paleoproterozoic, recorded the cratonization of the Yangtze conti- nent. The process may have relation to the extension and collapse of the deep crust with Archean ages, in response to the transition stage of the assembly and breakup of the Columbia supercontinent. | XIONG Qing HENG JianPing YU ChunMei SU YuPing TANG HuaYun ZHANG ZhiHai | 2009 | Chinese Science Bulletin2009，54，3： | 46 |
| 10 | Unsteady Turbulent Simulation and Pressure Fluctuation Analysis for Centrifugal Pumps显示文摘The pressure fluctuation in the flow passage of both impeller and casing is addressed on design condition.The initial conditions for the unsteady turbulent simulation are resulted from the steady calculations, and the three dimensional unsteady turbulent simulation concerning the rotor-stator interaction is executed by a Navier-Stoke solver embedded with k-ε turbulence model and with appropriate moving interface boundary conditions.Detecting points are distributed in the flow passage in different radial and circumferential positions to capture the static pressure fluctuation character for one cycle of the impeller.The time-domain spectrums show that the static pressure curves are periodic and have five peaks and five valleys.With the radius increasing, the pressure fluctuation peak-to-peak values in the impeller are increasing, and reach the maximum value on the interface.In the casing flow passage, those values are about 7% of local static pressure except some ones near the tongue.The values become decreasingly in the diffuser pipe.The frequency spectrums transformed by fast Fourier transform(FFT) show that the dominant frequency is approximate with the blade passing frequency, and the pressure fluctuations in impeller passage have high frequency content while those in casing ones have no such information. | YUAN Shouqi NI Yongyan PAN Zhongyong YUAN Jianping | 2009 | Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering2009，22，1： | 48 |
| 11 | Comparison of mantle-derived matierals from different spatiotemporal settings:Implications for destructive and accretional processes of the North China Craton显示文摘Cratonic destruction or lithospheric thinning beneath North China makes it as one of the most ideal areas for the studying on the formation and evolution of continent. However, the mechanism, time, range and dynamic setting of the destruction, even the lithospheric status before the destruction, are contentious. The comparison among mantle xenoliths in the volcanic rocks from different captured times (e.g. Paleozoic, Mesozoic and Cenozoic) and locations (e.g. intra-plate or its rim, the translithospheric Tanlu fault or the North-South Gravity Line), and peridotitic massifs within the Sulu-Dabie ultrahigh-pressure metamorphism belt along the southern margin of the North China Craton, indicates that (1) the cratonic lithosphere is heterogeneous in structure and composition, and contains mantle weak zones; and (2) the Mesozoic-Cenozoic lithospheric thinning process is complex, including lateral spreading of lithosphere, interaction between melt and peridotite, non-even asthenospheric erosion (huge lithospheric thinning), and the limited lithospheric accretion and thus thickening, which resulted in the final replacement of the refractory cratonic lithosphere by juvenile fertile mantle. In early Mesozoic, the integrity of the North China Craton was interrupted, even destroyed by subduction and collision of the Yangtze block. The mantle wedge of the North China Craton was also metasomatized and modified by melt/fluids revealed from the subducted Yangtze continent. Lithospheric mantle extension and tectonic intrusion of the North China Craton also occurred, accompanied by the asthenospheric upwelling that due to the detachement of the subducted Yangtze continent (orogenic root). During early Cretaceous-early Tertiary, the huge thinning of lithosphere was triggered by the upwelling astheno- sphere due to the subduction of the Pacific plate. Since late Tertiary, the cooling of the upwelling asthenosphere resulted in the replacement of the mantle in existence by the newly accreted lithosphere, accompanied with a little thickness in lithosphere and thus finally achieved the lithospheric thinning as a whole. The translithospheric faults, such as the Tanlu fault, play excellent channels for asthenospheric upwelling. Meanwhile, the channels in lithosphere are usually irregular, which resulted in different eruption times of magma. Peridotite xenolith in the basalts erupted at 100 Ma is mainly fertile, indicating such a fact, that is, the mantle replacement occurred before the eruption (e.g. 125―100 Ma) beneath the eastern part of the North China Craton. | ZHENG JianPing | 2009 | Chinese Science Bulletin2009，54，19： | 45 |
| 12 | Cryospheric Science: research framework and disciplinary system显示文摘Cryospheric changes and their impacts have received increasing concern, extending the research to include the interactions between earth spheres and the impacts of and social adaptation to cryospheric changes. As a result, Cryospheric Science is rapidly developing. However, the research framework of Cryospheric Science has not completely been set up, and the intension and extension of Cryospheric Science are unclear.Following a literature review, the research framework for Cryospheric Science and the discipline components are analysed in this paper. We consider that Cryospheric Science is an inevitable product of international research on the earth and environmental changes as well as on human sustainable development. It will not only strengthen the linkage between the cryosphere and other earth spheres by deepening traditional research areas, but will also bring more focus on the critical roles of the cryosphere in interactions between earth spheres, and will enhance the relationship between cryospheric change and climate, ecology, hydrology, surface environment and sustainable development. The disciplinary tree of Cryospheric Science is developed following the mainstream of change-impacts adaptation. The disciplines of Cryospheric Science were teased out against characteristics of traditional branches and the developing interdisciplinary branches of cryosphere elements, which will provide reference to Cryospheric Science as it systematically grows to maturity. | Dahe Qin Yongjian Ding Cunde Xiao Shichang Kang Jianwen Ren Jianping Yang Shiqiang Zhang | 2018 | National Science Review2018，5，2： | 42 |
| 13 | SHRIMP U-Pb zircon geochronology and its implications on the Xilin Gol Complex,Inner Mongolia,China显示文摘The Xilin Gol Complex, consisting of deformed and metamorphosed rocks, was exposed as a large geological unit within the Central Asian Orogenic Belt, but its forming and subsequent deformed and metamorphic time has been an issue of little consensus. Petrographic analyses and SHRIMP dating on biotite-plagioclase gneiss, one of the ma-jor rocks within the Xilin Gol Complex, in southeast Xilinhot City, Inner Mongolia, China, where the Xilin Gol Complex was identified and named, yield its lower limit age of 437 3 Ma (2s ) by its magmatic zircon SHRIMP U-Pb dating, and an upper limit age of 316 3Ma (2s ), which was constrained by SHRIMP dating of magmatic zircons from adjacent un-deformed garnet-bearing granite which intruded the Com-plex. The Complex was thus determined to be formed and subsequently deformed/metamorphosed from the late Ordovi-cian-early Silurian to the mid-Carboniferous. Consequently, it is not the Precambrian terrane as previously considered by most geologists. More or less, the major rock——biotite- plagioclase gneiss within the Complex is more likely to be Paleozoic fore-arc turbidite formation before metamorphism and intensive deformation, in which the detrital zircons gave sporadic Precambrian ages as old as up to 3.1 Ga. The source of the turbidite formation is multiple, which may be derived either from the North China Craton, or from the South- Mongolia Micro-continent, or probably came from a poten-tial and undiscovered in situ terranes aged 600—800 Ma or even up to ca 3.1 Ga near the Complex. | SHIGuanghai LIUDunyi ZHANGFuqin JIANPing MIAOLaicheng SHIYuruo TAOHua | 2003 | Chinese Science Bulletin2003，48，24： | 46 |
| 14 | Lower boundary age of the Nanhua System and the Gucheng glacial stage: Evidence from SHRIMPⅡ dating显示文摘In the newly revised Regional Chronostrati-graphic (Geochronologic) Scale of China, the original bipar-tite division of the Neoproterozoic is changed to tripartite division. The three 搒ystem?rank chronostratigraphic units are in ascending order of the Qingbaikou, Nanhua and Sin-ian Systems. This report presents SHRIMP zircon U-Pb dat-ing on volcanic tuffs from the candidate stratotype section of the Nanhua System at the Yangjiaping section that is geo-graphically located in Hupingshan Town, Shimen County, Hunan Province. Tuff from the upper part of the Xieshuihe Formation (equivalent to the Liantuo Formation) in the Lower Nanhua Series yields a zircon U-Pb age of 758 23 Ma, which may provide a constraint on the lower limit of the Gucheng glacial stage in the Nanhua System. Tuff from the Laoshanya Formation of its underlying Qingbaikou System (equivalent to the Banxi Group) gives a zircon U-Pb age of 809 16 Ma. The sampling locality lies 12 m from the upper boundary of the Qingbaikou System. According to the sedi-mentation rate it is estimated that the upper boundary age is about 800 Ma. The present studies also provide a resolution to the long-standing problems concerning stratigraphic cor-relation of the Late Precambrian in South China whether the Liantuo Formation is equivalent to the Banxi Group or not. | YINChongyu LIUDunyi GAOLinzhi WANGziqiang XINGYusheng JIANPing SHIYuruo | 2003 | Chinese Science Bulletin2003，48，16： | 36 |
| 15 | Zircon U-Pb SHRIMP ages of high-pressure granulite in Yushugou ophiolitic terrane in southern Tianshan and their tectonic implications显示文摘Zircons from two high-pressure granulite samples from the Yushugou ophiolitic terrane, southern Tianshan have been investigated by cathodoluminescence, LAICPMS and ion microprobe (SHRIMP) for their internal textures, trace elemental compositions and in situ dating. Theweighted mean ages of these two samples are 392±7 and 390±11 Ma, respectively, representing the granulite-facies metamorphic age of the ophiolitic terrane, and indicating that the southern Tianshan ocean initiated its northward subduction since the early Devonian. | ZHOUDingwu SULi JIANPing WANGRunsan LIUXiaoming LUGuanxiang WANGJuli | 2004 | Chinese Science Bulletin2004，49，13： | 35 |
| 16 | Aerosol and boundary-layer interactions and impact on air quality显示文摘Air quality is concerned with pollutants in both the gas phase and solid or liquid phases. The latter are referred to as aerosols, which are multifaceted agents affecting air quality, weather and climate through many mechanisms. Unlike gas pollutants, aerosols interact strongly with meteorological variables with the strongest interactions taking place in the planetary boundary layer(PBL). The PBL hosting the bulk of aerosols in the lower atmosphere is affected by aerosol radiative effects. Both aerosol scattering and absorption reduce the amount of solar radiation reaching the ground and thus reduce the sensible heat fluxes that drive the diurnal evolution of the PBL. Moreover, aerosols can increase atmospheric stability by inducing a temperature inversion as a result of both scattering and absorption of solar radiation, which suppresses dispersion of pollutants and leads to further increases in aerosol concentration in the lower PBL.Such positive feedback is especially strong during severe pollution events. Knowledge of the PBL is thus crucial for understanding the interactions between air pollution and meteorology. A key question is how the diurnal evolution of the PBL interacts with aerosols, especially in vertical directions, and affects air quality.We review the major advances in aerosol measurements, PBL processes and their interactions with each other through complex feedback mechanisms, and highlight the priorities for future studies. | Zhanqing Li Jianping Guo Aijun Ding Hong Liao Jianjun Liu Yele Sun Tijian Wang Huiwen Xue Hongsheng Zhang Bin Zhu | 2017 | National Science Review2017，4，6： | 37 |
| 17 | Phase II clinical trial using camrelizumab combined with apatinib and chemotherapy as the first-line treatment of advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma显示文摘Background:Effective therapeutic options are limited for patients with advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC).The incorporation of an immune checkpoint inhibitor and a molecular anti-angiogenic agent into the commonly adopted chemotherapy may produce synergistic effects.Therefore,we aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of camrelizumab plus apatinib combined with chemotherapy as the first-line treatment of advanced ESCC.Methods:In this single-arm prospective phase II trial,patients with unresectable locally advanced or recurrent/metastatic ESCC received camrelizumab 200 mg,liposomal paclitaxel 150 mg/m2,and nedaplatin 50 mg/m2 on day 1,and apatinib 250 mg on days 1-14.The treatments were repeated every 14 days for up to 9 cycles,followed by maintenance therapy with camrelizumab and apatinib.The primary endpoint was objective response rate(ORR)according to the Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors(version 1.1).Secondary endpoints included disease control rate(DCR),progression-free survival(PFS),overall survival(OS),and safety.Results:We enrolled 30 patients between August 7,2018 and February 23,2019.The median follow-up was 24.98 months(95%confidence interval[CI]:23.05-26.16 months).The centrally assessed ORR was 80.0%(95%CI:61.4%-92.3%),with a median duration of response of 9.77 months(range:1.54 to 24.82+months).The DCR reached 96.7%(95%CI:82.8%-99.9%).The median PFS was 6.85 months(95%CI:4.46-14.20 months),and the median OS was 19.43 months(95%CI:9.93 months–not reached).The most common grade 3-4 treatmentrelated adverse events(AEs)were leukopenia(83.3%),neutropenia(60.0%),and increased aspartate aminotransferase level(26.7%).Treatment-related serious AEs included febrile neutropenia,leukopenia,and anorexia in one patient(3.3%),and single cases of increased blood bilirubin level(3.3%)and toxic epidermal necrolysis(3.3%).No treatment-related deaths occurred.Conclusions:Camrelizumab plus apatinib combined with liposomal paclitaxel and nedaplatin as first-line treatment demonstrated feasible anti-tumor activity and manageable safety in patients with advanced ESCC.Randomized trials to evaluate this new combination strategy are warranted.Trial registration:This trial was registered on July 27,2018,at ClinicalTrials.gov(identifier:NCT03603756). | Bo Zhang Ling Qi Xi Wang Jianping Xu Yun Liu Lan Mu Xingyuan Wang Lidan Bai Jing Huang | 2020 | Cancer Communications2020，40，12： | 38 |
| 18 | Failure behavior of a rock-coal-rock combined body with a weak coal interlayer显示文摘Using an MTS 815 testing machine,the deformation and failure behavior of a rock-coal-rock combined body containing a weak coal interlayer has been investigated and described in this paper.Uniaxial loading leads to the appearance of mixed cracks in the coal body which induce instability and lead to bursts in coal.If the mixed crack propagates at a sufficiently high speed to carry enough energy to damage the roof rock,then coal and rock bursts may occur-this is the main mechanism whereby coal bumps or coal and rock bursts occur after excavation unloading.With increasing confining pressure,the failure strength of a rock-coal-rock combined body gradually increases,and the failure mechanism of the coal interlayer also changes,from mixed crack damage under low confining pressures,to parallel crack damage under medium confining pressures,and finally to single shear crack damage or integral mixed section damage under high confining pressures.In general,it is shown that a weak coal interlayer changes the form of overall coal damage in a rock-coal-rock combined body and reduces the overall stability of a coal body.Therefore,the whole failure behavior of a rock-coal-rock combined body in large cutting height working faces is controlled by these mechanisms. | Zuo Jianping Wang Zhaofeng Zhou Hongwei Pei Jianliang Liu Jianfeng | 2013 | International Journal of Mining Science and Technology2013，23，6： | 32 |
| 19 | New chaotic system and its hyperchaos generation显示文摘To seek for lower-dimensional chaotic systems that have complex topological attractor structure with simple algebraic system structure, a new chaotic system of three-dimensional autonomous ordinary differential equations is presented. The new system has simple algebraic structure, and can display a 2-scroll attractor with complex topological structure, which is different from the Lorenz's, Chen's and Lu¨'s attractors. By introducing a linear state feedback controller, the system can be controlled to generate a hyperchaotic attractor. The novel chaotic attractor, hyperchaotic attractor and dynamical behaviors of corresponding systems are further investigated by employing Lyapunov exponent spectrum, bifurcation diagram, Poincar′e mapping and phase portrait, etc., and then verified by simulating an experimental circuit. | Bao Bocheng Liu Zhong Xu Jianping | 2009 | Journal of Systems Engineering and Electronics2009，20，6： | 34 |
| 20 | Mineralogical and geochemical features of sulfide chimneys from the 49°39′E hydrothermal field on the Southwest Indian Ridge and their geological inferences显示文摘During January–May in 2007,the Chinese research cruise DY115-19 discovered an active hydrothermal field at 49°39′E/37°47′S on the ultraslow spreading Southwest Indian Ridge (SWIR).This was also the first active hydrothermal field found along an ultraslow-spreading ridge.We analyzed mineralogical,textural and geochemical compositions of the sulfide chimneys obtained from the 49°39′E field.Chimney samples show a concentric mineral zone around the fluid channel.The mineral assemblages of the interiors consist mainly of chalcopyrite,with pyrite and sphalerite as minor constitunets.In the intermediate portion,pyrite becomes the dominant mineral,with chalcopyrite and sphalerite as minor constitunets.For the outer wall,the majority of minerals are pyrite and sphalerite,with few chalcopyrite.Towards the outer margin of the chimney wall,the mineral grains become small and irregular in shape gradually,while minerals within interstices are abundant.These features are similar to those chimney edifices found on the East Pacific Rise and Mid-Atlantic Ridge.The average contents of Cu,Fe and Zn in our chimney samples were 2.83 wt%,45.6 wt% and 3.28 wt%,respectively.The average Au and Ag contents were up to 2.0 ppm and 70.2 ppm respectively,higher than the massive sulfides from most hydrothermal fields along mid-ocean ridge.The rare earth elements geochemistry of the sulfide chimneys show a pattern distinctive from the sulfides recovered from typical hydrothermal fields along sedimentstarved mid-ocean ridge,with the enrichment of light rare earth elements but the weak,mostly negative,Eu anomaly.This is attributed to the distinct mineralization environment or fluid compositions in this area. | TAO ChunHui LI HuaiMing HUANG Wei HAN XiQiu WU GuangHai SU Xin ZHOU Ning LIN Jian HE YongHua ZHOU JianPing | 2011 | Chinese Science Bulletin2011，56，26： | 34 |
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