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| 1 | 常见硫化物矿物中不可见金的富集显示文摘常见硫化物矿物晶格中的金及粒径小于1000埃的分散金均称为不可见金,它们无法用矿相显微镜和扫描电镜测到。离子探针微量分析(次级离子质谱法)表明,12个矿床硫化物矿物颗粒中不可见金的含量为0.5至1000ppm之间。不同矿床,或一个矿床中不同矿石相间不可见金含量变化很大。最主要的载金矿物为毒砂和富砷黄铁矿。黄铁矿中金与砷含量呈正相关,表明种促进了金进入黄铁矿晶格。当两种或差别大的毒砂共生时,细粒毒砂更富含不可见金。磁黄铁矿、黄铜矿、斑铜矿、方铅矿和黝铜矿中不可见金的含量通常较低。 | NIGEL J.COOK 金洪良 | 1991 | 黄金地质科技1991，，4： | 2 |
| 2 | Pancolonic spatiotemporal mapping reveals regional deficiencies in, and disorganization of colonic propagating pressure waves in severe constipation显示文摘 | P. G.Dinning N.Zarate L. M.Hunt S. E.Fuentealba S. D.Mohammed M. M.Szczesniak D. Z.Lubowski S. L.Preston P. D.Fairclough P. J.Lunniss S. M.Scott I. J.Cook | 2010 | Neurogastroenterology & Motility2010，，12： | 1 |
| 3 | 旅行商问题显示文摘数学家们努力想搞定这个似乎不可解的问题,在这一过程中他们隐隐约约地看到了计算的局限性。 | 威廉·J·库克(Willam J.Cook) 郭凯声(翻译) | 2012 | 环球科学2012，，7： | 1 |
| 4 | Cross-regional drivers for CCUS deployment显示文摘CO_(2)capture,utilization and storage(CCUS)is recognized as a uniquely important option in global efforts to control anthropogenic greenhouse-gas(GHG)emissions.Despite significant progress globally in advancing the maturity of the various component technologies and their assembly into full-chain demonstrations,a gap remains on the path to widespread deployment in many countries.In this paper,we focus on the importance of business models adapted to the unique technical features and sociopolitical drivers in different regions as a necessary component of commercial scale-up and how lessons might be shared across borders.We identify three archetypes for CCUS development-resource recovery,green growth and low-carbon grids-each with different near-term issues that,if addressed,will enhance the prospect of successful commercial deployment.These archetypes provide a framing mechanism that can help to translate experience in one region or context to other locations by clarifying the most important technical issues and policy requirements.Going forward,the archetype framework also provides guidance on how different regions can converge on the most effective use of CCUS as part of global deep-decarbonization efforts over the long term. | Anthony Y.Ku Peter J.Cook Pingjiao Hao Xiaochun Li John P.Lemmon Toby Lockwood Niall Mac Dowell Surinder P.Singh Ning Wei Wayne Xu | 2020 | Clean Energy2020，4，3： | 1 |
| 5 | Systematic review of foam sclerotherapy for varicose veins显示文摘 | X.Jia G.Mowatt J. M.Burr K.Cassar J.Cook C.Fraser | 2007 | Br J Surg2007，，： | 1 |
| 6 | V600EBraf induces gastrointestinal crypt senescence and promotes tumour progression through enhanced CpG methylation of p16INK4a显示文摘 | Linda A. S.Carragher Kimberley R.Snell Susan M.Giblett Victoria S. S.Aldridge BipinPatel Simon J.Cook Doug J.Winton RichardMarais Catrin A.Pritchard | 2010 | EMBO Mol Med2010，，： | 1 |
| 7 | Identification of impaired oesophageal bolus transit and clearance by secondary peristalsis in patients with non‐obstructive dysphagia显示文摘 | C. L.Chen M. M.Szczesniak I. J.Cook | 2008 | Neurogastroenterology & Motility2008，，9： | 1 |
| 8 | Substance P and vasoactive intestinal peptide are reduced in right transverse colon in pediatric slow‐transit constipation显示文摘 | S. K.King J. R.Sutcliffe S.‐y.Ong M.Lee T. L.Koh S. Q.Wong P. J.Farmer C. J.Peck M. P.Stanton J.Keck D. J.Cook C. W.Chow J. M.Hutson B. R.Southwell | 2010 | Neurogastroenterology & Motility2010，，8： | 1 |
| 9 | Evaluation of an automated spike-and-wave complex detection algorithm in the EEG from a rat model of absence epilepsy显示文摘The aim of this prospective blinded study was to evaluate an automated algorithm for spike-andwave discharge(SWD) detection applied to EEGs from genetic absence epilepsy rats from Strasbourg(GAERS).Five GAERS underwent four sessions of 20-min EEG recording.Each EEG was manually analyzed for SWDs longer than one second by two investigators and automatically using an algorithm developed in MATLAB(?).The sensitivity,specificity,positive predictive value(PPV),and negative predictive value(NPV) were calculated for the manual(reference) versus the automatic(test) methods.The results showed that the algorithm had specificity,sensitivity,PPV and NPV >94%,comparable to published methods that are based on analyzing EEG changes in the frequency domain.This provides a good alternative as a method designed to mimic human manual marking in the time domain. | Sebastien H.Bauquier Alan Lai Jonathan L.Jiang Yi Sui Mark J.Cook | 2015 | Neuroscience Bulletin2015，31，5： | 1 |
| 10 | 查看详情显示文摘 | C.E.Valdivia E.Desfonds D.Masson S.Fafard A.Carlson J.Cook T.J.Hall and K.Hinzer | | 0，，： | 1 |
| 11 | Resistance to ERK1/2 pathway inhibitors;sweet spots,fitness deficits and drug addiction显示文摘MEK1/2 inhibitors are clinically approved for the treatment of BRAF-mutant melanoma,where they are used in combination with BRAF inhibitors,and are undergoing evaluation in other malignancies.Acquired resistance to MEK1/2 inhibitors,including selumetinib(AZD6244/ARRY-142866),can arise through amplification of BRAF^(V600E) or KRAS^(G13D) to reinstate ERK1/2 signalling.We have found that BRAF^(V600E) amplification and selumetinib resistance are fully reversible following drug withdrawal.This is because resistant cells with BRAF^(V600E) amplification become addicted to selumetinib to maintain a precise level of ERK1/2 signalling(2%-3%of total ERK1/2 active),that is optimal for cell proliferation and survival.Selumetinib withdrawal drives ERK1/2 activation outside of this critical“sweet spot”(~20%-30%of ERK1/2 active)resulting in a p57^(KIP2)-dependent G1 cell cycle arrest and senescence or expression of NOXA and cell death with features of autophagy;these terminal responses select against cells with amplified BRAF^(V600E).ERK1/2-dependent p57^(KIP2) expression is required for loss of BRAF^(V600E) amplification and determines the rate of reversal of selumetinib resistance.Growth of selumetinib-resistant cells with BRAF^(V600E) amplification as tumour xenografts also requires the presence of selumetinib to“clamp”ERK1/2 activity within the sweet spot.Thus,BRAF^(V600E) amplification confers a selective disadvantage or“fitness deficit”during drug withdrawal,providing a rationale for intermittent dosing to forestall resistance.Remarkably,selumetinib resistance driven by KRAS^(G13D) amplification/upregulation is not reversible.In these cells ERK1/2 reactivation does not inhibit proliferation but drives a ZEB1-dependent epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition that increases cell motility and promotes resistance to traditional chemotherapy agents.Our results reveal that the emergence of drug-addicted,MEKi-resistant cells,and the opportunity this may afford for intermittent dosing schedules(“drug holidays”),may be determined by the nature of the amplified driving oncogene(BRAF^(V600E) vs.KRAS^(G13D)),further exemplifying the difficulties of targeting KRAS mutant tumour cells. | Matthew J.Sale Kathryn Balmanno Simon J.Cook | 2019 | Cancer Drug Resistance2019，2，2： | 0 |
| 12 | Muscadine or amla extracts standardized to ellagic acid content ameliorate glucolipotoxicity associatedβ-cell dysfunction via inhibition of IL-1βand improved insulin secretion显示文摘Glucolipotocixity induces IL-1βsecretion which impairs pancreaticβ-cell insulin secretion.Ellagic acid and urolithin A have strong anti-inflammatory effect on cells.Muscadine and amla are very good sources of ellagic acid.The present study examined the effect of ellagic acid,ellagic acid-rich muscadine or amla extract,or urolothin A on inflammation inβcells under glucolipotoxic conditions.Rat NIT-1βcells were incubated in glucolipotoxic conditions(33.3 mM glucose,250μM palmitic acid or 33.3 mM glucose+250μM palmitic acid with or without ellagic acid,ellagic acid-rich muscadine or amla extracts standardized to its ellagic acid content,or urolithin A).Inflammatory status was evidenced by ELISA analysis of insulin and IL-1βsecretion.Ellagic acid-rich muscadine or amla extracts dose-dependently stimulated insulin secretion and down-regulated IL-1βbetter than pure ellagic acid,or urolithin A.Urolithin A did not statistically stimulate insulin secretion and did not inhibit IL-1β. | Srikanth Earpina Karen McDonough Millicent Yeboah-Awudzi Kristina J.Cook Sita Aggarwal Jack N.Losso | 2020 | Food Production, Processing and Nutrition2020，2，1： | 0 |
| 13 | Estimates for Lyme borreliosis infections based on models using sentinel canine and human seroprevalence data显示文摘Two models were developed to estimate Lyme borreliosis(LB)cases.One was based on the seroprevalence of Borrelia infections in human samples.This model used corrections for false negative and false positive results from published test sensitivity and specificity measures.A second model based on Borrelia infections in sentinel dogs was used to quantify the prevalence of Lyme disease Borrelia infections in humans;the reference baseline for this model was human and canine infections in Germany.A comparison of the two models is shown and differences discussed.The relationships between incidence,prevalence and total infection burden for LB were derived from published data and these were used in both models to calculate annual incidence,prevalence and total LB infections.The modelling was conservative and based on medical insurance records coded for erythema migrans.Linear model growth rates were used in place of the commonly adopted exponential growth.The mean of the two models was used to create estimates for various countries and continents.Examples from the analyses for LB estimated for 2018 include:incidence e USA 473,000/year,Germany 471,000/year,France 434,000/year and UK 132,000/year;prevalence e USA 2.4 million,Germany 2.4 million,France 2.2 million and UK 667,000;total infections e USA 10.1 million,Germany 10.0 million,France 9.3 million and UK 2.8 million.Estimates for the world for 2018 are:incidence 12.3 million/year;prevalence 62.1 million;and total infection burden 262.0 million.These figures are far higher than officially published data and reflect not only the underestimation of diagnosed cases,which is acknowledged by health agencies,but also undiagnosed and misdiagnosed cases. | Michael J.Cook Basant K.Puri | 2020 | Infectious Disease Modelling2020，5，1： | 0 |
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