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| 1 | Clearing the corpses: regulatory mechanisms, novel tools, and therapeutic potential of harnessing microglial phagocytosis in the diseased brain显示文摘Apoptosis is a widespread phenomenon that occurs in the brain in both physiological and pathological conditions. Dead cells must be quickly removed to avoid the further toxic effects they exert in the parenchyma, a process executed by microglia, the brain professional phagocytes. Although phagocytosis is critical to maintain tissue homeostasis, it has long been either overlooked or indirectly assessed based on microglial morphology, expression of classical activation markers, or engulfment of artificial phagocytic targets in vitro. Nevertheless, these indirect methods present several limitations and, thus, direct observation and quantification of microglial phagocytosis is still necessary to fully grasp its relevance in the diseased brain. To overcome these caveats and obtain a comprehensive, quantitative picture of microglial phagocytosis we have developed a novel set of parameters. These parameters have allowed us to identify the different strategies utilized by microglia to cope with apoptotic challenges induced by excitotoxicity or inflammation. In contrast, we discovered that in mouse and human epilepsy microglia failed to find and engulf apoptotic cells, resulting in accumulation of debris and inflammation. Herein, we advocate that the efficiency of microglial phagocytosis should be routinely tested in neurodegenerative and neurological disorders, in order to determine the extent to which it contributes to apoptosis and inflammation found in these conditions. Finally, our findings point towards enhancing microglial phagocytosis as a novel therapeutic strategy to control tissue damage and inflammation, and accelerate recovery in brain diseases. | Irune Diaz-Aparicio Sol Beccari Oihane Abiega Amanda Sierra | 2016 | Neural Regeneration Research2016，11，10： | 2 |
| 2 | Self and foreign 60KD HSP T cell epitope peptides serve as immunogenic carriers for at cell independent sugar antigen显示文摘 | Stephanie K W Mati Fridkin Irun R C | 1995 | Immunology1995，154，： | 1 |
| 3 | Treatmentrelateddysgeusia in head and neck cancer patients 显示文摘 | Irune E Dwivedi RC Nutting CM | 2014 | Cancer Treat Rev2014，40，9： | 1 |
| 4 | Copotymerization of dimethylamino ethylacrylate-methyl chloride and aerylamide in inverse emulsion 显示文摘 | Irune Inchausti Pedro M Sasia Issa Katime | 2005 | Journal of Materials Science2005，40，： | 1 |
| 5 | Synthesis and characterization of polyacrylamides in inverse-emulsions with an isoparaffinic solvent显示文摘 | Inchausti Irune Hernuez Estibaliz Pedro M Sasia | 2001 | Macromolecular Chemistry and Physics2001，202，9： | 1 |
| 6 | Autoantibody repertoires, natural biomarkers, and system controllers显示文摘 | Irun R. Cohen | 2013 | Trends in Immunology2013，，： | 1 |
| 7 | Prevalence and characteristics of three clinical phenotypes of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)显示文摘 | José Luis Izquierdo-Alonso Jose Miguel Rodriguez-GonzálezMoro Pilar de Lucas-Ramos Irune Unzueta Xabier Ribera Esther Antón Antonio Martín | 2013 | Respiratory Medicine2013，，5： | 1 |
| 8 | Stress Proteins and Cytokines are Urinary Biomarkers for Diagnosis and Staging of Bladder Cancer显示文摘 | David Margel Meirav Pesvner-Fischer Jack Baniel Ofer Yossepowitch Irun R. Cohen | 2010 | European Urology2010，，： | 1 |
| 9 | Synthesis and characterization of polyacrylamides in inverse emulsions with an isoparaffinic solvent显示文摘 | Inchausti Irune Hernuez Estibaliz Pedro M Sasia | 2001 | Macromolecular Chemistry and Physics2001，202，9： | 1 |
| 10 | The HSP60 immune system network显示文摘 | Francisco J. Quintana Irun R. Cohen | 2010 | Trends in Immunology2010，，2： | 1 |
| 11 | Innate immune gene expression in individual zebrafish after Listonella anguillaruminoculation显示文摘 | Irune R Oskar M Andone E | 2007 | Fish and Shellfish Immunology2007，23，： | 1 |
| 12 | Na-ion batteries,recent advances and present challenges to become low cost energy storage systems 显示文摘 | Veronica Palomares Paula Serras Irune Villaluenga | 2012 | Energy Environment Society2012，5，： | 1 |
| 13 | Copolymerization of dimethylaminoethylacrylate-methyl chloride and acrylamide in inverse emulsion显示文摘 | Irune Inchausti Pedro M. Sasia Issa Katime | 2005 | Journal of Materials Science2005，，18： | 1 |
| 14 | Angiogenesis inflammation cross-talk: vascular endothelial growth factor is se- creted by activated T cells and induces the polarization显示文摘 | Felix Mor Francisco J Quintana Irun R Cohen | 2004 | J Im- munol2004，172，： | 1 |
| 15 | The HSP60immune system network显示文摘 | Francisco J Irun R | 2011 | TREIMM2011，32，2： | 1 |
| 16 | Informational landscapes in art,science,and evolution显示文摘 | Irun R Cohen | 2006 | Bulletin of Mathematial Biology2006，68，5： | 1 |
| 17 | Serum IL-10, IL-12 and circulating CD4+ CD25high T regulatory cells in relation to long-term clinical outcome in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma patients 显示文摘 | Green VL Irune E Prasai A | 2012 | IntJOneol2012，40，3： | 1 |
| 18 | Copolymerization of dimethylaminoethylacrylate methyl chloride and acrylamide in inverse emulsion 显示文摘 | IRUNE I SASIA P M KATIME I | 2005 | J Mater Sci2005，40，： | 1 |
| 19 | Ancient DNA of the pygmy marmoset type specimen Cebuella pygmaea(Spix,1823)resolves a taxonomic conundrum显示文摘The pygmy marmoset,the smallest of the anthropoid primates,has a broad distribution in Western Amazonia.Recent studies using molecular and morphological data have identified two distinct species separated by the Napo and Solimoes-Amazonas rivers.However,reconciling this new biological evidence with current taxonomy,i.e.,two subspecies,Cebuella pygmaea pygmaea(Spix,1823)and Cebuella pygmaea niveiventris(Lönnberg,1940),was problematic given the uncertainty as to whether Spix’s pygmy marmoset(Cebuella pygmaea pygmaea)was collected north or south of the Napo and Solimoes-Amazonas rivers,making it unclear to which of the two newly revealed species the name pygmaea would apply.Here,we present the first molecular data from Spix’s type specimen of Cebuella pygmaea,as well as novel mitochondrial genomes from modern pygmy marmosets sampled near the type locality(Tabatinga)on both sides of the river.With these data,we can confirm the correct names of the two species identified,i.e.,C.pygmaea for animals north of the Napo and Solimoes-Amazonas rivers and C.niveiventris for animals south of these two rivers.Phylogenetic analyses of the novel genetic data placed into the context of cytochrome b gene sequences from across the range of pygmy marmosets further led us to reevaluate the geographical distribution for the two Cebuella species.We dated the split of these two species to 2.54 million years ago.We discuss additional,more recent,subdivisions within each lineage,as well as potential contact zones between the two species in the headwaters of these rivers. | Jean P.Boubli Mareike C.Janiak Leila M.Porter Stella de la Torre Liliana Cortes-Ortiz Maria N.Fda Silva Anthony B.Rylands Stephen Nash Fabricio Bertuol Hazel Byrne Felipe E.Silva Fabio Rohe Dorien de Vries Robin M.D.Beck Irune Ruiz-Gartzia Lukas F.K.Kuderna Tomas Marques-Bonet Tomas Hrbek Izeni P.Farias Anneke Hvan Heteren Christian Roos | 2021 | Zoological Research2021，42，6： | 1 |
| 20 | Relation between Gastrointestinal Adverse Effects in Gaucher Disease Patients and Intestinal Disaccharidases Activity Evaluated by Methane Hydrogen Breath Test显示文摘 | Blanca Medrano-Engay Marcio Andrade-Campos Maria Pilar Irun Miguel Pocovi Pilaf Giraldo | 2017 | Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology2017，5，2： | 0 |
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