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| 1 | Delayed assessment and eager adoption of laparoscopic cholecystectomy:Implications for developing surgical technologies显示文摘Despite the prevailing emphasis in the medical literature on establishing evidence,many changes in the practice of surgery have not been achieved using proper evidence-based assessment.This paper examines the adoption of laparoscopic cholecystectomy(LC)into regular use for the treatment of cholecystitis and the process of its acceptance,focusing on the limited role of technology assessment in its appraisal.A review of the published medical literature concerning LC was performed.Approximately 3000 studies of LC have been conducted since 1985,and there have been nearly 8500 publications to date.As LC was adopted enthusiastically into practice,the results of outcome studies generally showed that it compared favorably with the traditional,open cholecystectomy with regard to mortality,complications,and length of hospital stay.However,despite the rapid general agreement on surgical technique,efficacy,and appropriateness,there remained lingering doubts about safety,outcomes,and cost of the procedure that suggested that essential research questions were ignored even as the procedure became standard.Using LC as a case study,there are important lessons to be learned about the need for important guidelines for surgical innovation and the adoption of minimally invasive surgical techniques into current clinical and surgical practice.We highlight one recent example,natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery and how necessary it is to properly evaluate this new technology before it is accepted as a safe and effective surgical option. | Alexander C Allori I Michael Leitman Elizabeth Heitman | 2010 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2010，16，33： | 3 |
| 2 | Prevalence of Adenomas and Colorectal Cancer in Average Risk Individuals: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis显示文摘 | Steven J. Heitman Paul E. Ronksley Robert J. Hilsden Braden J. Manns Alaa Rostom Brenda R. Hemmelgarn | 2009 | Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology2009，，12： | 2 |
| 3 | Isotonic preload versus isokinetic knee extension resistance training显示文摘 | Kovaleski JE Heitman RH Trundle TL | 1995 | Med SciSports Exerc1995，27，： | 1 |
| 4 | Cryptococcal cell morphology affects host cell interactions and pathogenicity显示文摘 | Okagaki LH Strain AK Nielsen JN Charlier C Baltes NJ Chr6tien F Heitman J Dromer F Nielsen K | 2010 | PLoS Pathog2010，6，10： | 1 |
| 5 | Signalling pathways in the pathogenesis of Cryptococcus显示文摘 | Kozuhowski L Lee SC Heitman J | 2009 | Cell Microbiol2009，11，3： | 1 |
| 6 | Mating-type-specific and nonspecific PAK kinases play shared and divergent role in cytokinesis,differentiation and virulence of Cryptococcus neoformans显示文摘 | Wang P Nichols CS Lengeler KB Cardenas ME Cox GM Perfect JR Heitman J | 2002 | Eukaryot Cell2002，1，2： | 1 |
| 7 | The cyclophilins显示文摘 | Wang P Heitman J | 2005 | Genome Biology2005，6，7： | 1 |
| 8 | Targets for cell cycle arrest by the immunosuppressant rapamycin in yeast 显示文摘 | Heitman J Movva N R Hall M N | 1991 | Science1991，253，5022： | 1 |
| 9 | Molecular mechanismsof immunosuppression by cyclosporine, FK506,andrapamycin 显示文摘 | Cardenas ME Zhu D Heitman J | 1995 | Cun Opin Nephrol Hypertens1995，4，6： | 1 |
| 10 | Synthesis and biological evaluation of 2,3,5 -substituted thiadiazoles as allosteric modulators of adenosine receptors 显示文摘 | Nieuwendijk A M C H Pietra D Heitman L | 2004 | J Med Chem2004，47，3： | 1 |
| 11 | Cyclophilin A Is Localized to the Nucleus and Controls Meioais in Saccharomyces cerevisiae显示文摘 | Miguel Are'valo-Rodri'guez Joseph Heitman | 2005 | Eukaryotic Cell2005，4，1： | 1 |
| 12 | Targets for cell cycle arrest by the immunosuppressant rapamycin in yesar 显示文摘 | HEITMAN J MOVVA N R HALL M N | 1991 | Sci- nece1991，253，5022： | 1 |
| 13 | Type and a- mount of individual dietary fibers on : serum lipid profiles, ser- um glucose concentration and energy intake in rats 显示文摘 | Carter J W Hardman W E Heitman D W | 1998 | Nutri- tion Research1998，18，10： | 1 |
| 14 | Obstructive sleep apnoea is associated with diabetes in sleepy subjects显示文摘 | Ronksley PE Hemmelgam BR Heitman S J | 2009 | Thorax2009，64，10： | 1 |
| 15 | Cryptococcus neoformans mates on pigeon guano:implications for the realized ecological niche and globalization显示文摘 | Nielsen K De Obaldia AL Heitman J | 2007 | Eukaryotic cell2007，6，6： | 1 |
| 16 | The cyclophilins 显示文摘 | WANG P HEITMAN J | 2005 | Genome Biol2005，6，7： | 1 |
| 17 | Signalling pathways in the pathogenesis of Cryptococcus 显示文摘 | Kozubowski L Lee SC Heitman J | 2009 | Cell Microbiol2009，11，3： | 1 |
| 18 | Calcofluor white combination antifungal treatments for Trichophyton rubrum and Candida albicans 显示文摘 | KINGSBURY JM HEITMAN J PINNELL SR | 2012 | PloS One2012，7，7： | 1 |
| 19 | The cyclophilins 显示文摘 | Wang Ping Heitman J | 2005 | Genome Biol2005，6，7： | 1 |
| 20 | An improved approach for measurement of coupled heat and water transfer in soil cells显示文摘 | Heitman J L Horton R Ren T | 2007 | Soil Science Society of America Journal2007，71，3： | 1 |
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