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| 1 | 中草药治疗慢性乙型肝炎随机对照试验的系统评价显示文摘目的 评价中草药治疗慢性乙型肝炎的疗效与安全性。设计Cochrane系统评价。研究的鉴定 检索Cochrane肝胆疾病组、Cochrane图书馆、Cochrane另证医学领域试验注册数据库,MEDLINE、EMBASE以及BIOSIS数据库。手工检索发表与未发表的中文文献。纳入标准 收集比较中草药与安慰剂、未治疗、非特异性治疗或干扰素治疗慢性乙型肝炎并随访达3个月以上的随机与半随机对照试验。中草药联用干扰素与单用干扰素比较的试验也予以纳入。试验无论是否使用盲法或发表语种均不受纳入限制。资料提取与统计方法 两名评价人员独立提取资料。纳入试验的方法学质量采用Jadad评分标准与随机分配隐藏。数据采用Cochrane协作网专用软件RevMan4.1版进行统计分析。结果 九篇随机对照试验共治疗936名病人满足纳入标准。其中仅一篇属于高质量的试验,双盲试验有二篇。回归分析表明存在发表偏倚,“倒漏斗”图(funnel plot)显示不对称图形(P=0.047)。与非特异性治疗或安慰剂比较,扶正解毒汤显示有清除乙型肝炎病毒血清表面抗原(HBsAg)、e抗原(HBeAg)及乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)DNA的疗效;猪苓多糖对清除血清HBsAg与HBV DNA有效;草药叶下珠对清除血清HBeAg有效。复方叶下珠和苦参碱对清除血清HBeAg及HBV DNA及恢复肝功能的效果与干扰素相当。试验? | 刘建平 Heather McIntosh 林辉 | 2001 | 中国循证医学2001，1，1： | 48 |
| 2 | 基于SPOT遥感数据的甘蔗叶面积指数反演和产量估算显示文摘利用SPOT遥感数据进行甘蔗叶面积指数LAI反演,建立最佳NDVI-LAI反演模型,同时结合不同生育期甘蔗叶面积指数的时序变化规律,建立各生育期甘蔗叶面积指数LAI与产量的相关关系,得到甘蔗叶面积指数LAI-产量最佳估产模型。在验证甘蔗叶面积指数LAI的基础上,利用遥感反演的甘蔗叶面积指数LAI进行甘蔗单产估算。结果表明:甘蔗叶面积指数LAI与NDVI之间存在显著的正相关关系,全生育期二者的相关性最高,以二次函数模型拟合效果最佳,决定系数R2为0.842 9。将遥感数据反演得到的平均叶面积指数LAI数据代入甘蔗叶面积LAI-产量模型得到全县平均单产,与统计数据相比,相对误差仅为2.6%。说明该模型具有较好的估产效果,可以为甘蔗区域估产提供重要参考。 | 何亚娟 潘学标 裴志远 马尚杰 Heather McNirn Jiali Shang | 2013 | 农业机械学报2013，44，5： | 36 |
| 3 | 中草药治疗慢性乙型肝炎随机对照试验的系统评价显示文摘 | 刘建平 秦献魁 Heather McIntosh | 2002 | 中国中西医结合杂志2002，22，1： | 38 |
| 4 | 帕博利珠单抗治疗伴脑转移NSCLC患者的一项非随机、开放Ⅱ期试验的长期随访结果和生物标志物分析显示文摘背景与目的我们开展了一项帕博利珠单抗用于伴未治疗脑转移的非小细胞肺癌(non-small cell lung cancer,NSCLC)或黑色素瘤患者的疗效和安全性的II期试验,旨在评估程序性死亡受体1(programmed cell death 1,PD-1)抑制剂在中枢神经系统(central nervous system,CNS)中的疗效。中期结果已发表,现报道对NSCLC队列的更新分析结果。方法这是一项开放性、单中心、II期试验。纳入标准:年龄≥18岁,诊断为晚期NSCLC并伴有≥1个5 mm-20 mm脑转移病灶,既往从未治疗或之前放疗后进展,无神经系统症状,不需要激素治疗且美国东部肿瘤协作组(Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group,ECOG)<2分。患者每2周接受一次帕博利珠单抗(10 mg/kg)治疗。队列1为程序性死亡配体1(programmed cell death ligand 1,PD-L1)≥1%的患者,队列2为PD-L1<1%或未评估的患者。主要终点是脑转移患者缓解比例。所有经治患者均纳入疗效与安全性终点的分析。该研究已结束入组,并于Clinicaltrials.gov登记注册,注册号为NCT02085070。结果2014年3月31日-2018年5月21日,共42例患者接受治疗。中位随访时间为8.3个月(IQR:4.5个月-26.2个月)。队列1的37例患者中11例有脑转移缓解[29.7%(95%CI:15.9%-47.0%)]。队列2未观察到缓解。治疗相关的3级-4级不良事件(adverse events,AEs)包括2例肺炎、1例全身症状、1例结肠炎、1例肾上腺皮质功能不全、1例高血糖症和1例低钾血症。6例(14%)患者发生了治疗相关的严重不良事件,包括肺炎、急性肾损伤、低钾血症和肾上腺皮质功能不全。没有观察到治疗相关死亡病例。结论帕博利珠单抗治疗PD-L1≥1%的NSCLC伴脑转移患者有效,且对所有纳入的未经治疗的脑转移患者安全。需要进一步探索免疫治疗用于NSCLC合并CNS转移。 | Sarah B GOLDBERG Kurt A SCHALPER Scott N GETTINGER Amit MAHAJAN Roy S HERBST Anne C CHANG Rogerio LILENBAUM Frederick H WILSON Sacit Bulent OMAY James B YU Lucia JILAVEANU Thuy TRAN Kira PAVLIK Elin ROWEN Heather GERRSH Annette KOMLO Richa GUPTA Hailey WYATT Matthew RIBEIRO Yuval KLUGER Geyu ZHOU Wei WEI Veronica L CHANG Harriet M KLUGER 董晓荣(翻译/校对) | 2021 | 中国肺癌杂志2021，24，9： | 34 |
| 5 | 草药叶下珠治疗慢性乙型肝炎病毒感染的系统评价显示文摘目的 评价叶下珠属治疗慢性乙型肝炎病毒感染的疗效和安全性。设计 随机临床试验的系统评价。方法用电子和手工检索鉴定比较叶下珠与安慰剂、不治疗、非特异性治疗、其他草药治疗、或干扰素治疗慢性乙型肝炎病毒感染者的随机临床试验。叶下珠合用干扰素与单用干扰素比较的随机试验也予以纳入。无论使用盲法与否或以何种语言发表均无限制。纳入试验的质量用Jadad记分量表加随机隐藏评价。结果 22篇试验包含1947名患者符合纳入标准。5篇双盲试验被评为高质量试验,其余均为低质量试验。合并的结果表明,与安慰剂或不治疗比较,叶下珠属对于血清HBsAg转阴有积极效果(相对危险度5.64,95%可信区间1.85~17.21)。叶下珠与干扰素比较,在血清HBsAg、HBeAg和HBV DNA转阴效果方面没有显著差异。在血清HBsAg、HBeAg、HBV DNA转阴以及转氨酶复常方面,叶下珠优于非特异性治疗或其他草药治疗。分析表明叶下珠与干扰素联合用药比单用于扰素效果更好,HBeAg转阴相对危险度1.56,95%可信区1.06~2.32,HBV DNA转阴的相对危险度1.52,95%可信区间1.05~2.21。这些试验没有报告发生严重的副性事件。结论 根据本系统评价,某些叶下珠属可能具有抗乙型肝炎病毒和改善肝功能的作用。然而,由于试验的方法学质量普遍较低以及该草药使? | 刘建平 林辉 Heather McIntosh | 2001 | 中国循证医学2001，1，2： | 29 |
| 6 | Overexpression of TaNAC69 Leads to Enhanced Transcript Levels of Stress Up-Regulated Genes and Dehydration Tolerance in Bread Wheat显示文摘NAC 蛋白质是植物特定的抄写因素并且充实,成员们在对干旱应力的植物反应包含了。在这研究,我们用 Affymetrix 小麦染色体数组数据集和量的 RTPCR 在面包小麦分析了 TaNAC69 的表达式侧面。TaNAC69 表示断然与对不能生活、关於生命的压力的小麦回答被联系并且密切与很多个压力被相关起来调整的基因。在转基因的小麦的 TaNAC69 的功能的分析证明干旱可诱导的 HvDhn4s 倡导者导致了的一棵大麦驾驶的 TaNAC69 在转基因的线的叶子和根标记 TaNAC69 的干旱可诱导的 overexpression。HvDhn4s : 更生产的 TaNAC69 转基因的线在联合的温和的盐应力和水限制条件下面射击生物资源,在聚乙烯下面的有的更长的根和更多根生物资源导致乙二醇的脱水。有 TaNAC69 的组成的 overexpression 的转基因的线的分析证明提高的表示几个压力铺平起来调整的基因。DNA 有约束力的试金表明 TaNAC69 和它的米饭相当或相同的事物(ONAC131 ) 能够到三米饭基因的倡导者元素的绑定(chitinase, ZIM,和 glyoxalase 我) 并且 Arabidopsis glyoxalase 我家庭基因,它是 TaNAC69 起来调整的压力基因的相当或相同的事物。这些数据建议 TaNAC69 涉及调整应力起来调整的基因和小麦改编到干旱应力。 | Gang-Ping Xue Heather M. Way Terese Richardson Janneke Drenth Priya A. Joyce C.Lynne Mclntyre | 2011 | Molecular Plant2011，4，4： | 25 |
| 7 | Bile acid signaling and biliary functions显示文摘This review focuses on various components of bile acid signaling in relation to cholangiocytes. Their roles as targets for potential therapies for cholangiopathies are also explored. While many factors are involved in these complex signaling pathways, this review emphasizes the roles of transmembrane G protein coupled receptor(TGR5), farnesoid X receptor(FXR), ursodeoxycholic acid(UDCA) and the bicarbonate umbrella. Following a general background on cholangiocytes and bile acids,we will expand the review and include sections that are most recently known(within 5–7 years) regarding the field of bile acid signaling and cholangiocyte function. These findings all demonstrate that bile acids influence biliary functions which can, in turn, regulate the cholangiocyte response during pathological events. | Hannah Jones Gianfranco Alpini Heather Francis | 2015 | Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B2015，5，2： | 17 |
| 8 | The role of apoptosis in the development and function of T lymphocytes显示文摘Apoptosis plays an essential role in T cell biology. Thymocytes expressing nonfunctional or autoreactive TCRs are eliminated by apoptosis during development. Apoptosis also leads to the deletion of expanded effector T cells during immune responses. The dysregulation of apoptosis in the immune system results in autoimmunity, tumorogenesis and immunodeficiency. Two major pathways lead to apoptosis: the intrinsic cell death pathway controlled by Bcl-2 family members and the extrinsic cell death pathway controlled by death receptor signaling. These two pathways work to- gether to regulate T lymphocyte development and function. | Heather HARTIG Ivan DZHAGALOV David DRAPER | 2005 | Cell Research2005，15，10： | 16 |
| 9 | Bile acid interactions with cholangiocytes显示文摘Cholangiocytes 在他们的顶端的膜暴露于胆汁酸的高集中。为胆汁酸的选择 transporter,顶端的钠胆汁酸 Cotransporter (ASBT )( 也叫作 Ibat;基因名字 Slc10a2 ) 在 cholangiocyte 上是局部性的顶端的膜。在 basolateral 膜上,四个运输系统被识别了(t-ASBT,多药抵抗(MDR ) 3,一个未辩别出的阴离子 exchanger 系统和器官的溶质 transporter (Ost ) 异侧 transporter, Ostalpha-Ostbeta。一起,这些单向性地搬运 ers 从管的胆汁的行动胆汁酸到发行量。cholangiocytes 吸收的胆汁酸为重新分泌物经由仙子胆管丛再循环回到 hepatocytes 进胆汁。这再循环在 hepatocytes 和 cholangiocytes 之间的胆汁酸被叫作 cholehepatic 分流小径。最近的研究建议 cholehepatic 分流小径可以由于额外的肝的阻塞在胆汁酸并且到改编的全面肝胆管运输作出贡献到长期的胆汁郁积。ASBT 被腺苷 3' 尖锐地调整, 5'-monophosphate (营地) 依赖者易位到顶端的膜并且由 phosphorylation 依赖的 ubiquitination 和 proteasome 降级。ASBT 被变化长期地响应胆汁的胆汁酸集中和煽动性的 cytokines 在基因表示调整。cholangiocyte ASBT 的另一潜在的功能是允许 cholangiocytes 取样胆汁的胆汁酸以便激活细胞内部的表明小径。在细胞内部的钙,蛋白质激酶 C (PKC ) , phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K ) ,激活 mitogen 的蛋白质(地图) 激酶和细胞外的调整信号的蛋白质激酶(英皇家空军之阶级最低之兵) 的胆汁酸扳机变化细胞内部的信号。胆汁酸显著地改变 cholangiocyte 分泌物,增长和幸存。不同胆汁酸在 cholangiocyte 上有微分效果细胞内部发信号,并且在一些例子,扳机反对在 cholangiocyte 上完成分泌物,增长和幸存。在这些之上基于概念和观察, cholangiocyte 被建议了是为在肝的胆汁酸的原则目标房间。 | Xuefeng Xia Heather Francis Shannon Glaser Gianfranco Alpini Gene LeSage | 2006 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2006，12，22： | 16 |
| 10 | Review of the current targeted therapies for non-small-cell lung cancer显示文摘The last decade has witnessed the development of oncogene-directed targeted therapies that have significantly changed the treatment of non-small-cell lung cancer(NSCLC). In this paper we review the data demonstrating efficacy of gefitinib, erlotinib, and afatinib, which target the epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR), and crizotinib which targets anaplastic lymphoma kinase(ALK). We discuss the challenge of acquired resistance to these small-molecular tyrosine kinase inhibitors and review promising agents which may overcome resistance, including the EGFR T790 Mtargeted agents CO-1686 and AZD9291, and the ALKtargeted agents ceritinib(LDK378), AP26113, alectinib(CH/RO5424802), and others. Emerging therapies directed against other driver oncogenes in NSCLC including ROS1, HER2, and BRAF are covered as well. The identification of specific molecular targets in a significant fraction of NSCLC has led to the personalized deployment of many effective targeted therapies, with more to come. | Kim-Son H Nguyen Joel W Neal Heather Wakelee | 2014 | World Journal of Clinical Oncology2014，5，4： | 13 |
| 11 | 中草药治疗乙型肝炎病毒无症状携带者的系统评价显示文摘目的 评价中草药治疗乙型肝炎病毒无症状携带者的疗效与安全性。设计 Cochrane系统评价。研究的鉴定检索Cochrane肝胆疾病组、Cochrane图书馆、Cochrane另证医学领域试验注册数据库,MEDLINE、EMBASE以及BIO-SIS数据库。手工检索发表与未发表之中文文献。纳入标准 收集比较中草药与安慰剂、未治疗、非特异性治疗或干扰素治疗乙型肝炎病毒无症状携带者并随访达3个月以上的随机临床试验。试验无论是否使用盲法或发表语种均不受纳入限制。资料提取与统计方法 两名评价人员独立提取资料。纳入试验的方法学质量采用Jadad评分标准与随机分配隐藏。数据采用Cochrane协作网专用软件RevMan4.1版进行统计分析。结果 3篇共涉及307名病人随访达3个月及以上的随机临床试验符合纳入标准。均为低质量试验。健脾温肾方与干扰素比较对清除乙型肝炎病毒具有显著效果:清除乙型肝炎病毒血清表面抗原(HBsAg)相对危险度为2.40(95%可信区间1.01~5.72),血清e抗原(HBeAg)转化为e抗体的效应为2.54(1.13~5.70)。草药叶下珠和黄芪与安慰剂比较未见显著的抗病毒效果。对8个随访少于3个月的随机临床试验的分析表明中草药对病毒标志物无显著疗效。试验未发现严重的副作用。结论由于小样本及低质量的随机对照试验。 | 刘建平 秦献魁 Heather McIntosh | 2001 | 中国循证医学2001，1，3： | 12 |
| 12 | A rationale for the development of thermally stable nanostructured CeO_2-ZrO_2-containing mixed oxides显示文摘CeO2-ZeO2 solid solutions are extensively used as oxygen storage promoters in the current automotive three-way catalysts. High thermal stability of the textural properties is one of the most important requirements for practical application since temperatures up to 1273 K are easily experienced by these materials under real working conditions. In the present paper, we investigated how hydrothermal treatments applied to cakes of doped and undoped ZrO2-rich CeO2-ZrO2 precursors might improve the thermal stability of the final CeO2-ZrO2 solid so- lution. A rationale was developed that allowed to correlate the morphology of the hydrothermally treated cake with the thermal stability at 1273 K of the final product, which did not depend on the composition of the mixed oxides. | Roberta Di Monte Jan Kapar Heather Bradshaw Colin Norman | 2008 | Journal of Rare Earths2008，26，2： | 10 |
| 13 | Estrogens and the pathophysiology of the biliary tree显示文摘有关不同纸巾上的雌激素效果的科学框架在最后十年期间极其膨胀了,当时雌激素受体(嗯) 子类型被识别。雌激素是不仅必要的因为雌性生殖系统,而且他们也包括心血管系统,骨头,大脑和肝在另外的纸巾控制基本功能。最近,在他们调制 cholangiocytes 的增生的和分泌活动的地方,雌激素被显示了指向胆汁的树,上皮细胞衬里胆汁管。由在两雌激素受体(ER-alpha ) 并且(上扮演嗯贝它) 子类型,并且由激活 genomic 或 non-genomic 小径,雌激素在生长因素和 cytokines 的复杂的环起一个关键作用,它调制 cholangiocytes 的增生的反应损坏。明确地,雌激素激活细胞内部的发信号的串联[英皇家空军之阶级最低之兵( 1/2 )(细胞外的调整家族 ases ( 1/2 ),PI3- kinase/AKT (phosphatidylinositol-3' kinase/AKT )]典型地代表象象生长因素( IGF1 )一样的胰岛素那样的生长因素,神经生长因素( NGF )和脉管的内皮生长因素( VEGF ),因此加强他们的行动。另外,雌激素在增殖的 cholangiocytes 刺激不同生长因素的分泌物。这评论明确地处理与雌激素处于正常、病理学的条件由调制 cholangiocyte 功能的角色和机制有关的最近的进展。 | Domenico Alvaro Maria Grazia Mancino Paolo Onori Antonio Franchitto Gianfranco Alpini Heather Francis Shannon Glaset Eugenio Gaudio | 2006 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2006，12，22： | 9 |
| 14 | 捻转针刺手法的运动学及动力学特征研究显示文摘目的:从运动学和动力学两个角度探索捻转手法的动作特征,从而为捻转手法操作的定量化提供依据。方法:运用高精度动作捕捉系统,精确测量捻转手法的幅度、频率、力量及操作时间等指标,比较12名针灸专家和12名初学者在仿真皮肤上10次操作平补平泻捻转手法时上述数据的大小及离散程度的差异。结果:专家捻转频率离散系数显著低于初学者(P<0.01),并且专家捻转前的操作时间亦显著短于初学者(P<0.01);专家与初学者捻转幅度、频率及力量的绝对数值相比,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:平补平泻捻转手法的技能水平并非体现在捻转的具体幅度、频率及力量上,其动作特征主要表现在动作稳定性和熟练程度两个方面;建议将捻转频率离散度和操作时间用于捻转手法的定量评估。 | 李靖 Lawrence Grierson Mary X Wu Ronny Breuer 周斌 Heather Carnahan | 2013 | 针刺研究2013，38，5： | 9 |
| 15 | Cholangiocytes and blood supply显示文摘胆汁的树的微脉管的供应,仙子胆管丛(PBP ) ,源自肝的动脉树枝和流动进肝窦状隙。PBP 的详细三维的研究被使用扫描电子执行了显微镜学脉管的腐蚀演员组(SEMvcc ) 技术。认为 PBP 在支持胆汁的上皮的能分泌、吸收性的功能起一个基本作用,他们在常态和病理的组织被探索。正常的肝证明 PBP 安排在 extra-附近 -- 并且肝内的胆汁的树。在小门道, PBP 被日益增多地继续了它显示出一个更复杂的脉管的网络的额外的肝的 PBP 的 capillaries 的单个层描绘。在普通的管结扎(BDL ) 以后,胆汁管和 PBP 增长的进步修正被观察。PBP 介绍在许多胆汁管附近安排的一个三维的网络并且作为容器的捆出现,由有典型圆网孔结构的同类的直径的 capillaries 镇静。PBP 网络从显得正常的正弦曲线网络是容易可区分的。在 BDL 期间考虑 PBP 的庞大的延期,脉管的内皮生长因素(VEGF ) 起的可能的作用被评估。VEGF -- A, VEGF-C 和他们的相关受体高度出现了在 BDL 老鼠的增殖的 cholangiocytes 积极的免疫。到象肝的动脉结扎一样的 BDL 老鼠的 anti-VEGF-A 或 anti-VEGF-C 抗体的管理导致了一个减少的胆汁管团。rVEGF 的管理 -- 到 BDL 肝的动脉的 A 绑扎老鼠阻止了 cholangiocyte 增长和 VEGF 的减少 -- 表情作为与 BDL 控制老鼠相比。这些数据处于 cholangiocyte 增长的条件建议胆汁的树的动脉的血供给的角色,例如它发生在长期的胆汁郁积期间。在另一方面, VEGF 作为在 cholangiocytes 和 PBP endothelial 之间的串音的一个工具起的作用建议 VEGF 版本和功能的那操作能为肝的动脉或胆汁的树的损坏描绘的人的病理学的条件代表治疗学的策略。 | Eugenio Gaudio Antonio Franchitto Luigi Pannarale Guido Carpino Gianfranco Alpini Heather Francis Shannon Glaser Domenico Alvaro Paolo Onori | 2006 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2006，12，22： | 9 |
| 16 | 加拿大三级医疗中心新生儿的临终关怀(英文)显示文摘当今新生儿的存活率在不断提高,危重症的诊断准确性也较以往有明显改善。但当新生儿基本或完全治疗无望时,其诊疗重心应由积极监护治疗转为临终关怀舒缓治疗。医疗团队需尽早与家长进行多方面沟通,以便对临终关怀达成共识。在某些情况下,一味地延长生命反而会增加患儿的痛苦,并导致家长怀有不切实际的期望。 | Koravangattu Sankaran Erin Hedin Heather Hodgson-Viden 姚跃 | 2016 | 中国当代儿科杂志2016，18，5： | 9 |
| 17 | Current Status and Future Challenges of Weather Radar Polarimetry: Bridging the Gap between Radar Meteorology/Hydrology/Engineering and Numerical Weather Prediction显示文摘After decades of research and development, the WSR-88 D(NEXRAD) network in the United States was upgraded with dual-polarization capability, providing polarimetric radar data(PRD) that have the potential to improve weather observations,quantification, forecasting, and warnings. The weather radar networks in China and other countries are also being upgraded with dual-polarization capability. Now, with radar polarimetry technology having matured, and PRD available both nationally and globally, it is important to understand the current status and future challenges and opportunities. The potential impact of PRD has been limited by their oftentimes subjective and empirical use. More importantly, the community has not begun to regularly derive from PRD the state parameters, such as water mixing ratios and number concentrations, used in numerical weather prediction(NWP) models.In this review, we summarize the current status of weather radar polarimetry, discuss the issues and limitations of PRD usage, and explore potential approaches to more efficiently use PRD for quantitative precipitation estimation and forecasting based on statistical retrieval with physical constraints where prior information is used and observation error is included. This approach aligns the observation-based retrievals favored by the radar meteorology community with the model-based analysis of the NWP community. We also examine the challenges and opportunities of polarimetric phased array radar research and development for future weather observation. | Guifu ZHANG Vivek N.MAHALE Bryan J.PUTNAM Youcun QI Qing CAO ANDrew D.BYRD Petar BUKOVCIC Dusan S.ZRNIC Jidong GAO Ming XUE Youngsun JUNG Heather D.REEVES Pamela L.HEINSELMAN AlexANDer RYZHKOV Robert D.PALMER Pengfei ZHANG Mark WEBER Greg M.MCFARQUHAR Berrien MOORE III Yan ZHANG Jian ZHANG J.VIVEKANANDAN Yasser AL-RASHID Richard L.ICE Daniel S.BERKOWITZ Chong-chi TONG Caleb FULTON Richard J.DOVIAK | 2019 | Advances in Atmospheric Sciences2019，36，6： | 9 |
| 18 | 针刺手法操作行为的定量研究显示文摘目的:探索定量评估针刺手法操作行为的方法,并进一步分析专业针刺手法的行为特征。方法:根据针刺基本手法编制出《针刺基本手法操作行为量表》,经德尔菲法检验内容效度;2名独立评分人运用该量表评估针灸医师和初学者各12人的针刺手法操作行为,计算评判间信度,并比较这两组受试者操作行为总分及消毒、进针、行针及出针各步骤操作行为得分的差异。结果:该量表内容效度满意;评判间信度为0.768;且针灸医师组操作行为总分显著高于初学者组(13.80±1.05vs 11.03±2.14,P<0.01);医师进针及行针得分显著高于初学者(4.28±0.91vs 2.54±1.51,P<0.01;2.56±0.65vs 1.88±0.88,P<0.05);而消毒及出针得分与初学者无差异。结论:该量表可用于定量评估针刺手法操作行为,专业针刺手法的行为特征主要体现在能够完成难度较大且协调性精确性要求较高的进针及行针操作上。 | 李靖 Lawrence Grierson Mary X Wu Ronny Breuer Heather Carnahan | 2014 | 中国针灸2014，34，3： | 9 |
| 19 | Aqueous Supercapacitors on Conductive Cotton显示文摘Wearable electronics offer the combined advantages of both electronics and fabrics.In this article,we report the fabrication of wearable supercapacitors using cotton fabric as an essential component.Carbon nanotubes are conformally coated onto the cotton fibers,leading to a highly electrically conductive interconnecting network.The porous carbon nanotube coating functions as both active material and current collector in the supercapacitor.Aqueous lithium sulfate is used as the electrolyte in the devices,because it presents no safety concerns for human use.The supercapacitor shows high specific capacitance(~70-80 F·g^(-1) at 0.1 A·g^(-1))and cycling stability(negligible decay after 35,000 cycles).The extremely simple design and fabrication process make it applicable for providing power in practical electronic devices. | Mauro Pasta Fabio La Mantia Liangbing Hu Heather Dawn Deshazer Yi Cui | 2010 | Nano Research2010，3，6： | 9 |
| 20 | Genomic change in hepatitis B virus associated with development of hepatocellular carcinoma显示文摘AIM: To determine the genomic changes in hepatitis B virus(HBV) and evaluate their role in the development of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) in patients chronically infected with genotype C HBV.METHODS: Two hundred and forty chronic hepatitis B(CHB) patients were subjected and followed for a median of 105 mo. HCC was diagnosed in accordance with AASLD guidelines. The whole X, S, basal core promoter(BCP), and precore regions of HBV were sequenced using the direct sequencing method.RESULTS: All of the subjects were infected with genotype C HBV. Out of 240 CHB patients, 25(10%) had C1653 T and 33(14%) had T1753 V mutation in X region; 157(65%) had A1762T/G1764 A mutations in BCP region, 50(21%) had G1896 A mutation in precore region and 67(28%) had pre-S deletions. HCC occurred in 6 patients(3%). The prevalence of T1753 V mutation was significantly higher in patients who developed HCC than in those without HCC. The cumulative occurrence rates of HCC were 5% and 19% at 10 and 15 years, respectively, in patients with T1753 V mutant, which were significantly higher than 1% and 1% in those with wild type HBV(P < 0.001).CONCLUSION: The presence of T1753 V mutation in HBV X-gene significantly increases the risk of HCC development in patients chronically infected with genotype C HBV. | Danbi Lee Heather Lyu Young-Hwa Chung Jeong A Kim Priya Mathews Elizabeth Jaffee Lei Zheng Eunsil Yu Young Joo Lee Soo Hyung Ryu | 2016 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2016，22，23： | 9 |
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