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| 1 | The Changing Cold Regions Network:Observation,diagnosis and prediction of environmental change in the Saskatchewan and Mackenzie River Basins,Canada显示文摘Climate change is causing rapid and severe changes to many Earth systems and processes,with widespread cryospheric,ecological,and hydrological impacts globally,and especially in high northern latitudes.This is of major societal concern and there is an urgent need for improved understanding and predictive tools for environmental management.The Changing Cold Regions Network(CCRN)is a Canadian research consortium with a focus to integrate existing and new experimental data with modelling and remote sensing products to understand,diagnose,and predict changing land,water,and climate,and their interactions and feedbacks over the geographic domain of the Mackenzie and Saskatchewan River Basins in Canada.The network operates a set of 14 unique and focused Water,Ecosystem,Cryosphere and Climate(WECC)observatories within this region,which provide opportunities to observe and understand processes and their interaction,as well as develop and test numerical simulation models,and provide validation data for remote sensing products.This paper describes this network and its observational,experimental,and modelling programme.An overview of many of the recent Earth system changes observed across the study region is provided,and some local insights from WECC observatories that may partly explain regional patterns and trends are described.Several of the model products being developed are discussed,and linkages with the local to international user community are reviewed—In particular,the use of WECC data towards model and remote sensing product calibration and validation is highlighted.Some future activities and prospects for the network are also presented at the end of the paper. | Chris M DEBEER Howard S WHEATER William L QUINTON Sean K CAREY Ronald E STEWART Murray D MACKAY Philip MARSH | 2015 | Science China Earth Sciences2015，58，1： | 5 |
| 2 | Risk for emerging bipolar disorder, variants, and symptoms in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, now grown up显示文摘AIM: To determine the prevalence of bipolar disorder(BD) and sub-threshold symptoms in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD) through 14 years' follow-up, when participants were between 21-24 years old.METHODS: First, we examined rates of BD type Ⅰ?and Ⅱ diagnoses in youth participating in the NIMH-funded Multimodal Treatment Study of ADHD(MTA). We used the diagnostic interview schedule for children(DISC), administered to both parents(DISC-P) and youth(DISCY). We compared the MTA study subjects with ADHD(n = 579) to a local normative comparison group(LNCG, n = 289) at 4 different assessment points: 6, 8, 12, and 14 years of follow-ups. To evaluate the bipolar variants, we compared total symptom counts(TSC) of DSM manic and hypomanic symptoms that were generated by DISC in ADHD and LNCG subjects. Then we sub-divided the TSC into pathognomonic manic(PM) and non-specific manic(NSM) symptoms. We compared the PM and NSM in ADHD and LNCG at each assessment point and over time. We also evaluated the irritability as category A2 manic symptom in both groups and over time. Finally, we studied the irritability symptom in correlation with PM and NSM in ADHD and LNCG subjects.RESULTS: DISC-generated BD diagnosis did not differ significantly in rates between ADHD(1.89%) and LNCG 1.38%). Interestingly, no participant met BD diagnosis more than once in the 4 assessment points in 14 years. However, on the symptom level, ADHD subjects reported significantly higher mean TSC scores: ADHD 3.0; LNCG 1.7; P < 0.001. ADHD status was associated with higher mean NSM: ADHD 2.0 vs LNCG 1.1; P < 0.0001. Also, ADHD subjects had higher PM symptoms than LNCG, with PM means over all time points of 1.3 ADHD; 0.9 LNCG; P = 0.0001. Examining both NSM and PM, ADHD status associated with greater NSM than PM. However, Over 14 years, the NSM symptoms declined and changed to PM over time(df 3, 2523; F = 20.1; P < 0.0001). Finally, Irritability(BD DSM criterion-A2) rates were significantly higher in ADHD than LNCG(χ2 = 122.2, P < 0.0001), but irritability was associated more strongly with NSM than PM(df 3, 2538; F = 43.2; P < 0.0001).CONCLUSION: Individuals with ADHD do not appear to be at significantly greater risk for developing BD, but do show higher rates of BD symptoms, especially NSM. The greater linkage of irritability to NSM than to PM suggests caution when making BD diagnoses based on irritability alone as one of 2(A-level) symptoms for BD diagnosis, particularly in view of its frequent presentation with other psychopathologies. | Ahmed Z Elmaadawi Peter S Jensen L Eugene Arnold Brooke SG Molina Lily Hechtman Howard B Abikoff Stephen P Hinshaw Jeffrey H Newcorn Laurence Lee Greenhill James M Swanson Cathryn A Galanter | 2015 | World Journal of Psychiatry2015，5，4： | 3 |
| 3 | B7-1 and B7-2 costimulatory molecules activate differentially the Th1/Th2 developmental pathways: Application to autoimmune disease therapy显示文摘 | Vijay K Kuchroo Mercy Prabhu Das Julia A Brown Ann M Ranger Scott S Zamvil Raymond A Sobel Howard L Weiner Nasrin Nabavi Laurie H Glimcher | 1995 | Cell1995，，5： | 2 |
| 4 | Induction of antibodies against GD3 ganglioside in melanoma patients by vaccination with GD3-1actone-KLH conjugate plus immunological adjuvant QS-21 显示文摘 | Ragupathi G Meyers M Adluri S Howard L Musselli C Livingston PO | 2000 | Int J Cancer2000，85，5： | 1 |
| 5 | Exacerbation of Acanthamoeba keratitis in animals treated with anti-macrophage inflammatory protein 2 or antineutrophil antibodies显示文摘 | Hurt M Apte S Leher H Howard K Niederkorn J Alizadeh H | 2001 | Infect Immun2001，69，： | 1 |
| 6 | Preferential induction of apoptosis for primary human leukemic stem cells显示文摘 | GUZMAN M L SWIDERSKI C F HOWARD D S | 2002 | Proc Natl Acad Sci USA2002，99，16： | 1 |
| 7 | Immunotherapy targeting the CD40/CD154 costimulatory pathway for treatment of autoimmune disease显示文摘 | Howard L M Miller S D | 2004 | Autoimmunity2004，37，5： | 1 |
| 8 | Wound healing dressings and drug delivery systems: A review显示文摘 | Joshua S B Kerr H M Howard N E S | 2008 | J Pharma- ceutical Sci2008，97，8： | 1 |
| 9 | Comparison of thermodilution measured extravascular lung water with chest radiographic assessment of pulmonary oedema in patients with acute lung injury显示文摘 | Brown L M Calfee C S Howard J P | 2013 | Ann Intensive Care2013，3，1： | 1 |
| 10 | Early diagenetic re-crystallization of Holocene (<3000 years old) peritidal dolo-mites ? Ambergris Cay, Belize显示文摘 | Gregg J M Howard S A Mazzullo S J | 1992 | Sedimentology?1992，39，1： | 1 |
| 11 | Double-blind,randomized,controlled trial of atosiban and rito drine in the treatment of pretterm labor: a multicenter effectiveness and safety study显示文摘 | Moutquin J M herman D S Howard C | | Am J Obstet Gynecol0，182，5： | 1 |
| 12 | The ebb and flow of online learning 显示文摘 | PEARCE J M AINLEY M HOWARD S | 2004 | Computers in Human Behavior2004，21，5： | 1 |
| 13 | Prevention conference VI: Diabetes and cardiovascular disease execu- tive summary conference proceeding for healthcare profes- sionals from a special writing group of the American heart association 显示文摘 | Grundy S M Howard B Smith S Jr | 2002 | Circulation2002，105，18： | 1 |
| 14 | Longterm cyclical in vivo Roading increases cartilage proteoglycan content in a spatially specific manner:an infrared microspeetroscopic imaging and polarized light microscopy study 显示文摘 | Ehsan S Howard L Shannila M | 2006 | Arthri Res2006，8，： | 1 |
| 15 | Dynamic response and wave propagation in plane masses and frames显示文摘 | PAO Y H KEH D C HOWARD S M | 1999 | AIAA J1999，37，： | 1 |
| 16 | Characterization of temperature and oxygen profiles in windrow processing system 显示文摘 | Russell S J Barry J M Howard J M | 1998 | Compost Science and Utilization1998，6，4： | 1 |
| 17 | Clubroot of crueiferous crops : New perspectives on an old disease显示文摘 | Howard R J Strelkov S E Harding M W | 2010 | Can J Plant Pathol2010，32，1： | 1 |
| 18 | Analysis and experiments on stress waves in planar trusses 显示文摘 | Howard S M Bao Y X | 1998 | Journal of Engineering Mechanics1998，124，： | 1 |
| 19 | Relationshipbetween blood pressure and stroke risk in patients with symp-tomatic carotid occlusive disease显示文摘 | Rothwell P M Howard S C Spence J D | 2003 | Stroke2003，34，11： | 1 |
| 20 | Control of friction显示文摘 | Suh N P Mosleh M Howard P S | 1994 | Wear1994，175，1： | 1 |
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