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| 1 | 2019新型冠状病毒基因组特征和流行病学:病毒起源和受体结合的意义显示文摘研究者对来自9例新型冠状病毒肺炎住院患者的支气管肺泡灌洗液样本和培养的分离株进行了下一代测序。从这些个体中获得了严重急性呼吸综合征-冠状病毒2(severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus 2,SARS-CoV-2)的完整和部分基因组序列。利用Sanger测序连接病毒重叠群以获得全长基因组,cDNA末端快速扩增确定终端区。对这些SARSCoV-2基因组和其他冠状病毒基因组进行了系统进化分析,以确定该病毒的进化史并有助于推断其可能的起源。 | 刘青(译) 刘莉(审校) Lu R Zhao X Li J Niu P Yang B Wu H Wang W Song H Huang B Zhu N Bi Y Ma X Zhan F Wang L Hu T Zhou H Hu Z Zhou W Zhao L Chen J Meng Y Wang J Lin Y Yuan J Xie Z Ma J Liu WJ Wang D Xu W Holmes EC Gao GF Wu G Chen W Shi W Tan W | 2020 | 中华高血压杂志2020，28，3： | 516 |
| 2 | Machine-learned interatomic potentials by active learning:amorphous and liquid hafnium dioxide显示文摘We propose an active learning scheme for automatically sampling a minimum number of uncorrelated configurations for fitting the Gaussian Approximation Potential(GAP).Our active learning scheme consists of an unsupervised machine learning(ML)scheme coupled with a Bayesian optimization technique that evaluates the GAP model.We apply this scheme to a Hafnium dioxide(HfO2)dataset generated from a“melt-quench”ab initio molecular dynamics(AIMD)protocol.Our results show that the active learning scheme,with no prior knowledge of the dataset,is able to extract a configuration that reaches the required energy fit tolerance.Further,molecular dynamics(MD)simulations performed using this active learned GAP model on 6144 atom systems of amorphous and liquid state elucidate the structural properties of HfO2 with near ab initio precision and quench rates(i.e.,1.0 K/ps)not accessible via AIMD.The melt and amorphous X-ray structural factors generated from our simulation are in good agreement with experiment.In addition,the calculated diffusion constants are in good agreement with previous ab initio studies. | Ganesh Sivaraman Anand Narayanan Krishnamoorthy Matthias Baur Christian Holm Marius Stan Gábor Csányi Chris Benmore Álvaro Vázquez-Mayagoitia | 2020 | npj Computational Materials2020，，1： | 10 |
| 3 | 针对患者利益的机器学习和人工智能研究:在透明性、可重复性、伦理和有效性等方面的20个关键问题显示文摘机器学习(ML)、人工智能(AI)和其他现代统计方法正为利用先前尚未开发且极速增长的数据资源提供新的机会,以期让患者获益。尽管目前正在进行许多有前景的研究,特别是在图像方面,但就文献整体而言还缺乏透明度、对可重复性清晰的阐述、对潜在伦理问题的探究,以及对有效性的明确验证。这些问题的存在有许多原因,其中最重要的一点(为此我们提供了初步解决方案)就是当前缺乏针对ML和AI的最佳实践指南。我们认为从事研究的跨学科团队和应用ML/AI影响健康的项目,将因解决有关透明度、可重复性、伦理和有效性(TREE)的一系列问题而受益。这里提出的20个关键问题为研究团队提供了一个研究设计、实施和报告框架;帮助编辑和同行评审专家评估文献的贡献;让患者、临床医生和政策制定者评估新发现可能会给患者带来的获益。 | Sebastian Vollmer Bilal A Mateen Gergo Bohner Franz J Kirdly Rayid Ghani Pall Jonsson Sarah Cumbers Adrian Jonas Katherine S L McAllister Puja Myles David Granger Mark Birse Richard Branson Karel G M Moons Gary S Collins John P A Chris Holmes Harry Hemingwayp 李峰(译) 徐磊(校) 赵邑(校) | 2020 | 英国医学杂志中文版2020，23，9： | 5 |
| 4 | Mapping aboveground biomass and its prediction uncertainty using LiDAR and field data, accounting for tree-level allometric and LiDAR model errors显示文摘Background: The increasing availability of remotely sensed data has recently challenged the traditional way of performing forest inventories, and induced an interest in model-based inference. Like traditional design-based inference, model-based inference allows for regional estimates of totals and means, but in addition for wall-to-wall mapping of forest characteristics. Recently Light Detection and Ranging(LiDAR)-based maps of forest attributes have been developed in many countries and been well received by users due to their accurate spatial representation of forest resources. However, the correspondence between such mapping and model-based inference is seldom appreciated. In this study we applied hierarchical model-based inference to produce aboveground biomass maps as well as maps of the corresponding prediction uncertainties with the same spatial resolution. Further, an estimator of mean biomass at regional level, and its uncertainty, was developed to demonstrate how mapping and regional level assessment can be combined within the framework of model-based inference.Results: Through a new version of hierarchical model-based estimation, allowing models to be nonlinear, we accounted for uncertainties in both the individual tree-level biomass models and the models linking plot level biomass predictions with LiDAR metrics. In a 5005 km2 large study area in south-central Sweden the predicted aboveground biomass at the level of 18 m×18 m map units was found to range between 9 and 447 Mg·ha^-1. The corresponding root mean square errors ranged between 10 and 162 Mg·ha^-1. For the entire study region, the mean aboveground biomass was 55 Mg·ha^-1 and the corresponding relative root mean square error 8%. At this level 75%of the mean square error was due to the uncertainty associated with tree-level models.Conclusions: Through the proposed method it is possible to link mapping and estimation within the framework of model-based inference. Uncertainties in both tree-level biomass models and models linking plot level biomass with LiDAR data are accounted for, both for the uncertainty maps and the overall estimates. The development of hierarchical model-based inference to handle nonlinear models was an important prerequisite for the study. | Svetlana Saarela AndréWästlund Emma Holmström Alex Appiah Mensah Sören Holm Mats Nilsson Jonas Fridman Göran Ståhl | 2020 | Forest Ecosystems2020，7，3： | 3 |
| 5 | Bovine TLR2 and TLR4 properly transduce signals from Staphylococcus aureus and E. coli , but S. aureus fails to both activate NF-κB in mammary epithelial cells and to quickly induce TNFα and interleukin-8 (CXCL8) expression in the udder显示文摘 | Wei Yang Holm Zerbe Wolfram Petzl Ronald Marco Brunner Juliane Günther Christian Draing Sonja von Aulock Hans-Joachim Schuberth Hans-Martin Seyfert | 2007 | Molecular Immunology2007，，5： | 2 |
| 6 | Multicarrier PWM strategies for multilevel inverters 显示文摘 | McGrath B P Holmes D G | 2002 | Industrial Electronics IEEE Transactions2002，49，4： | 2 |
| 7 | Overall efficiency of in vitro embryo production and vitrification in cattle显示文摘 | G Vajta P Holm T Greve | 1996 | Theriogenology1996，45，： | 2 |
| 8 | Metabonomic characterization of genetic variations in toxicological and metabolic responses using probabialistic neural networks显示文摘 | Holmes E Nicholson JK Tranter G | 2001 | Chem Res Toxicol2001，14，2： | 2 |
| 9 | New method for culture of zona-included or zona-free embryos: The well of the well (WOW) system显示文摘 | G Vajta T T Peura P Holm | 2000 | Molecular Reproduction andDevelopment2000，55，： | 2 |
| 10 | Chronic fatigue syndrome; H working case definition 显示文摘 | Holmes G P Kaplan J E Gantz N M | 1988 | Ann InternMed1988，108，： | 1 |
| 11 | Stationary frame current regulation of PWM inverters with zero steady-state error显示文摘 | Zmood D N Holmes D G | 2003 | IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics2003，18，3： | 1 |
| 12 | Relative fitness of imazalil- resistant and-sensitive biotypes of Penicillium digitatum 显示文摘 | HOLMES G J ECKERT J W | 1995 | Plant Dis1995，79，： | 1 |
| 13 | Hyppothalamic arousel,insulin resistance and Type 2 dibetes millitus显示文摘 | Bjorntorp P Holm G Rosmond R | 1999 | Diabe Med1999，16，5： | 1 |
| 14 | How abnormal pressures affect hydrocarbon exploration, exploitation 显示文摘 | Holm G | 1998 | Oil & Gas Journal1998，96，： | 1 |
| 15 | Use of safety-modified reroviruses to introduce chemotherapy resistance sequences into normal hematopoietic cells for chemoprotection during the therapy of breast cancer:a pilot trial显示文摘 | Deisseroth AB Holmes F Hortobagyi G | 1996 | Hum Gene Ther1996，7，3： | 1 |
| 16 | A unified modulation algorithm for voltage and current source in verters based on AC-AC matrix converter theory显示文摘 | HOLMES D G | 1992 | IEEE Industry Application1992，28，1： | 1 |
| 17 | Vitrification of porcine embryos using the Open Pulled Straw(OPS) method 显示文摘 | Vajta G Holm P Greve T | 1997 | Acta Vet Scand1997，38，4： | 1 |
| 18 | Design and selection of spray/mist elimination equipment 显示文摘 | HOLMES T L CHEN G K | 1984 | Chem Eng1984，91，21： | 1 |
| 19 | Use of surfactant to reduce CO2 mobility in oil displacement 显示文摘 | Bernard G C Holm L W Harvey C P | 1980 | Soc Pet Engrs J1980，20，4： | 1 |
| 20 | Photon-number-state preparation in nondegenerate parametric amplification显示文摘 | Holmes C A Milburn G J Walls D F | 1989 | Phys Rev A1989，39，5： | 1 |
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