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| 1 | 汽车用铝合金开发近况(英文)显示文摘介绍了汽车车身用轻质材料铝合金的研究近况,包括材料选择和车体设计新概念等方面。为满足经济和环境保护等方面不断增长的要求,对乘用车在使用已成熟的和最新研究开发的铝合金方面的进展进行了讨论。介绍了一些改进的具有更高的强度和更好的成形性能的5系和6系铝合金,使用这些合金能减轻汽车质量和提高防撞性能。以铝合金在'多材料超轻汽车'概念中的应用到达显著的减重效果为例,介绍了多材料轻质设计方面的研究进展。 | Jürgen HIRSCH | 2014 | Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China2014，24，7： | 84 |
| 2 | 急性缺血性卒中的血管内治疗:神经介入外科学学会实践标准委员会的报告显示文摘目的总结采用血管内技术治疗急性缺血性卒中的有关证据并等级分类。方法对美国心脏协会(American Heart Association,AHA)以前发表的推荐意见进行审查并作为当前流程的基础。在此这基础上,进行系统的文献回顾以评估支持急性缺血性卒中血管内治疗的证据。根据AHA卒中委员会和牛津大学循证医学中心提出的循证医学证据分级指南进行评估。对操作安全性、技术效果以及对临床转归的影响进行特别审核。 | K A Blackham P M Meyers T A Abruzzo F C Alberquerque D Fiorella J Fraser D Frei C D Gandhi D V Heck J A Hirsch D P Hsu M Jayaraman S Narayanan C Prestigiacomo J L Sunshine 包元飞(译) 李永坤(译) 刘新峰(译) | 2012 | 国际脑血管病杂志2012，20，12： | 28 |
| 3 | 动脉粥样硬化血栓形成门诊患者1年内心血管事件的发生率显示文摘背景:目前,有关社区中动脉粥样硬化血栓形成稳定患者心血管(cardiovascular,CV)事件发生率的资料比较少,既往也无国际性队列研究对冠状动脉病(coronary artery disease,CAD)、脑血管病(cerebrovascular disease,CVD)、外周动脉病(peripheral arterial disease,PAD)确诊患者以及此类疾病高危患者不同事件的发生率进行评估。
目的:在患有动脉疾病的门诊患者或存在多个动脉粥样硬化血栓形成危险因素的门诊患者中确定当今世界1年内CV事件的发生率。
设计、地点及参试者:“减少动脉粥样硬化血栓形成维系健康(Reduction of Artherotllrombosis for Continued Health,REACH)”注册研究是一项国际前瞻性队列研究。研究人员于2003—2004年从44个国家、5587名医生入选68236例已确诊的动脉粥样硬化性血管病患者(CAD、PAD、CVD;n=55814)以及至少存在3个动脉粥样硬化血栓形成危险因素的患者(n=12422)。
主要观测指标:CV死亡、心肌梗死(myocardial infarction,MI)及卒中的发生率。结果:截至2006年7月,共有95.22%的患者(n=64977)提供了1年内的结局。心血管死亡、MI及卒中的总体发生率为4.24%;动脉粥样硬化性血管病患者为4.69%,仅存在多个危险因素的患者为2.15%。CAD、CVD及PAD患者CV死亡、MI及卒中的总体发生率分别为4.52%、6.47%和5.35%。CAD、CVD及PAD患者发生终点事件(即CV死亡、MI、卒中)以及因动脉粥样硬化血栓形成事件入院的几率分别为15.20%、14.53%和21.14%。上述事件发生率随症状性动脉疾病病变部位数量的增加而增加,仅存在危险因素的患者为5.31%,有1处症状性动脉疾病的患者为12.58%,有2处症状性动脉疾病的患者为21.14%,有3处症状性动脉疾病的患者为26.27%(趋势P〈0.001)。
结论:在这项当代大型国际研究中,患有动脉粥样硬化性血管病的门诊患者以及有动脉粥样硬化血栓形成危险的门诊患者CV事件的年发生率相对较高。存在多部位病变者CV事件的1年发生率升高。 | Gabriel Steg Deepak L. Bhatt Peter W. F. Wilson Ralph D' Agostino E. Magnus Ohman Joachim Roether Chiau-Suong Liau Alan T. Hirsch Jean-Louis Mas Yasuo Ikeda Michael J. Pencina Shinya Goto 徐成斌(译) 李呈亿(校) | 2007 | 美国医学会杂志(中文版)2007，26，4： | 20 |
| 4 | 多级叶轮机三维流动计算的级间混合方法分析显示文摘目前,多级叶轮机械的三维流动计算绝大多数采用了绝对与相对定常模型来模拟静动叶轮。对于这样的计算,周向平均是一种很有效的级间混合方法。不同的作者往往采用不同的平均方法,本文对于这些方祛作出了详细的理论与数值分析比较。 | 姚征 Hirsch,C | 1996 | 工程热物理学报1996，17，4： | 16 |
| 5 | 水化水泥颗粒表面超塑化剂吸附层分布模型(英文)显示文摘制备了钙矾石(AFt)、单硫型硫铝酸钙(AFm)和钾长石类单矿物,并研究了三聚氰胺磺酸盐甲醛缩聚物(PMS)、β-萘磺酸盐甲醛缩合物(BNS)及聚羧酸盐(PC)等几种化学成分不同的超塑化剂在其早期水化颗粒表面上的吸附行为.研究发现,zeta电位是决定水泥颗粒表面对超塑化剂吸附量的关键因素.以溶液沉淀析出法人工合成的AFt具有较高的正zeta电位,能吸附大量带负电荷的超塑化剂,AFm仅带少量正电荷,其吸附超塑化剂相对较少,钾长石、氢氧钙石和石膏的zeta电位几乎为零或负值,因而基本不吸附超塑化剂.根据实验结果,笔者认为水化水泥颗粒用马赛克结构表示为最佳,而超塑化剂主要吸附在AF表面上. | Johann Plank Panagiotis Chatziagorastou Christian Hirsch | 2007 | 建筑材料学报2007，10，1： | 15 |
| 6 | Role of phosphoinositide 3-kinase in the pathogenesis of acute pancreatitis显示文摘A large body of experimental and clinical data supports the notion that inflammation in acute pancreatitis has a crucial role in the pathogenesis of local and systemic damage and is a major determinant of clinical severity.Thus,research has recently focused on molecules that can regulate the inflammatory processes,such as phosphoinositide 3-kinases(PI3Ks),a family of lipid and protein kinases involved in intracellular signal transduction.Studies using genetic ablation or pharmacologic inhibitors of different PI3 K isoforms,in particular the class I PI3Kδ and PI3Kγ,have contributed to a greater understanding of the roles of these kinases in the modulation of inflammatory and immune responses.Recent data suggest that PI3 Ks are also involved in the pathogenesis of acute pancreatitis.Activation of the PI3K signaling pathway,and in particular of the class IB PI3Kγ isoform,has a significant role in those events which are necessary for the initiation of acute pancreatic injury,namely calcium signaling alteration,trypsinogen activation,and nuclear factor-κB transcription.Moreover,PI3Kγ is instrumental in modulating acinar cell apoptosis,and regulating local neutrophil infiltration and systemic inflammatory responses during the course of experimental acute pancreatitis.The availability of PI3 K inhibitors selective for specific isoforms may provide new valuable therapeutic strategies to improve the clinical course of this disease.This article presents a brief summary of PI3 K structure and function,and highlights recent advances that implicate PI3 Ks in the pathogenesis of acute pancreatitis. | Enrico Lupia Luca Pigozzi Alberto Goffi Emilio Hirsch Giuseppe Montrucchio | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，41： | 15 |
| 7 | Impact of crystalline and amorphous iron-and aluminum hydroxides on mechanisms of phosphate adsorption and desorption显示文摘Fourier-transform infrared(FT-IR) spectroscopic experiments were carried out during phosphate adsorption on highly crystalline gibbsite, poorly crystalline 2-line-ferrihydrite and amorphous iron–aluminum–hydroxide mixtures in the molar ratio 1:0, 10:1, 5:1, 1:1, 1:5, 1:10 and 0:1. The OH stretching vibrational bands were utilized to analyze changes in structural and surface OH groups during adsorption, because the position of characteristic P\O vibrational bands can shift depending on reaction conditions, pH or adsorbed phosphate content.Adsorption and desorption kinetics were studied at pH6 and different initial phosphate concentrations to achieve varying phosphate coverage on the mineral surfaces. For gibbsite the formation of AlHPO_4 and Al_2HPO_4 can be assumed, while for ferrihydrite, a FeHPO_4 or Fe_2PO_4 complex and the precipitation of FePO_4 with longer equilibration time were proposed.Fe_2HPO_4 or a Fe_2PO_4 surface complex was deduced for Fe-hydroxides, an AlH_2PO_4 surface complex was identified for Al-hydroxide, and both displayed either hydrogen bonds to neighboring hydroxyl groups or hydrogen bonds to outer-sphere complexes. Fe:Al-hydroxide mixtures with high Al ratios showed a low phosphate desorption rate, while ferrihydrite and the Fe:Al-hydroxide mixtures with high Fe ratios had almost negligible desorption rates. It was concluded that within the weakly associated amorphous FeO(OH) materials, FePO_4 precipitated, which was bound by outer-sphere hydrogen bonds. With high Al ratios, desorption increased, which indicated weaker phosphate binding of both inner-sphere and outer-sphere complexes and hence, either no or minor quantities of precipitate. Ferrihydrite showed a more rigid structure and a lower extent of precipitation compared to amorphous Fe-hydroxide. | Stella Gypser Florian Hirsch Anja M.Schleicher Dirk Freese | 2018 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2018，30，8： | 14 |
| 8 | Preface显示文摘We are pleased to present this Special Issue of Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China containing selected papers from the First Asian Conference on Aluminum Alloys(ACAA-2013),held in Beijing,China,13–17 October 2013.This conference has been initiated,with approval | Xin-ming ZHANG Jürgen HIRSCH | 2014 | Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China2014，24，7： | 11 |
| 9 | 糖尿病患者术中处理显示文摘本文概述了麻醉及手术对糖尿病的影响,总结胰岛素依赖型和非胰岛素依赖型糖尿病患者术中各种因素血糖影响及其处理方法, | Hirsch IB 王祥瑞 | 1992 | 国际麻醉学与复苏杂志1992，26，3： | 10 |
| 10 | Management of lumbar zygapophysial (facet) joint pain显示文摘AIM: To investigate the diagnostic validity and therapeutic value of lumbar facet joint interventions in managing chronic low back pain.METHODS: The review process applied systematic evidence-based assessment methodology of controlled trials of diagnostic validity and randomized controlled trials of therapeutic efficacy. Inclusion criteria encompassed all facet joint interventions performed in a controlled fashion. The pain relief of greater than 50% was the outcome measure for diagnostic accuracy assessment of the controlled studies with ability to perform previously painful movements, whereas, for randomized controlled therapeutic efficacy studies, the primary outcome was significant pain relief and the secondary outcome was a positive change in functional status. For the inclusion of the diagnostic controlled studies, all studies must have utilized either placebo controlled facet joint blocks or comparative local anesthetic blocks. In assessing therapeutic interventions, short-term and long-term reliefs were defined as either up to 6 mo or greater than 6 mo of relief. The literature search was extensive utilizing various types of electronic search media including Pub Med from 1966 onwards, Cochrane library, National Guideline Clearinghouse, clinicaltrials.gov, along with other sources includingprevious systematic reviews, non-indexed journals, and abstracts until March 2015. Each manuscript included in the assessment was assessed for methodologic quality or risk of bias assessment utilizing the Quality Appraisal of Reliability Studies checklist for diagnostic interventions, and Cochrane review criteria and the Interventional Pain Management Techniques- Quality Appraisal of Reliability and Risk of Bias Assessment tool for therapeutic interventions. Evidence based on the review of the systematic assessment of controlled studies was graded utilizing a modified schema of qualitative evidence with best evidence synthesis, variable from level Ⅰ to level Ⅴ.RESULTS: Across all databases, 16 high quality diagnostic accuracy studies were identified. In addition, multiple studies assessed the influence of multiple factors on diagnostic validity. In contrast to diagnostic validity studies, therapeutic efficacy trials were limited to a total of 14 randomized controlled trials, assessing the efficacy of intraarticular injections, facet or zygapophysial joint nerve blocks, and radiofrequency neurotomy of the innervation of the facet joints. The evidence for the diagnostic validity of lumbar facet joint nerve blocks with at least 75% pain relief with ability to perform previously painful movements was level Ⅰ, based on a range of level Ⅰ to Ⅴ derived from a best evidence synthesis. For therapeutic interventions, the evidence was variable from level Ⅱ to Ⅲ, with level Ⅱ evidence for lumbar facet joint nerve blocks and radiofrequency neurotomy for long-term improvement(greater than 6 mo), and level Ⅲ evidence for lumbosacral zygapophysial joint injections for short-term improvement only.CONCLUSION: This review provides significant evidence for the diagnostic validity of facet joint nerve blocks, and moderate evidence for therapeutic radiofrequency neurotomy and therapeutic facet joint nerve blocks in managing chronic low back pain. | Laxmaiah Manchikanti Joshua A Hirsch Frank JE Falco Mark V Boswell | 2016 | World Journal of Orthopedics2016，7，5： | 9 |
| 11 | Particle-size-dependent upconversion luminescence of NaYF4:Yb,Er nanoparticles in organic solvents and water at different excitation power densities显示文摘A systematic study of the luminescence properties of monodisperse β-NaYF4: 20%Yb^3+,2%Er^3+ upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs)with sizes ranging from 12--43nm is presented utilizing steady-state and time-resolved fluorometry. Special emphasis was dedicated to the absolute quantification of size-and environment-induced quenching of upconversion luminescence (UCL)by highenergy O-H and C-H vibrations from solvent and ligand molecules at different excitation power densities (P).In this context,the still-debated population pathways of the 4F9/2 energy level of Er^3+ were examined.Our results highlight the potential of particle size and P value for color tuning based on the pronounced near-infrared emission of 12nm UCNPs,which outweighs the red Er^3+emission under 'strongly quenched'conditions and accounts for over 50% of total UCL in water.Because current rate equation models do not include such emissions,the suitability of these models for accurately simulating all (de)population pathways of small UCNPs must be critically assessed.Furthermore,we postulate population pathways for the 4F9/2energy level of Er3.,Which correlate with the size-,environment-,and P-dependent quenching states of the higher Er^3+ energy levels. | Marco Kraft Christian Würth Verena Muhr Thomas Hirsch Ute Resch-Genger | 2018 | Nano Research2018，11，12： | 8 |
| 12 | 机床带传动装置的横向振动及其影响因素显示文摘分析了机床带传动装置的横向振动特性以及影响因素,在此基础上建立了数学模型,并用MATLAB编制了相应的仿真程序,利用该模型可以分析和仿真带传动的横向振动特性,为提高机床带传动装置的设计提供了一条有效途径。 | 李滨城 HIRSCH Andreas MAHN Uwe WEIDLICH Dieter NEUGEBAUER Reimund | 2004 | 华东船舶工业学院学报2004，18，6： | 6 |
| 13 | STAT3 Activation of miR-21 and miR-181b-1 via PTEN and CYLD Are Part of the Epigenetic Switch Linking Inflammation to Cancer显示文摘 | Dimitrios Iliopoulos Savina A. Jaeger Heather A. Hirsch Martha L. Bulyk Kevin Struhl | 2010 | Molecular Cell2010，，4： | 5 |
| 14 | 世界各地动脉粥样硬化血栓形成门诊患者心血管危险因素的流行及诊治情况显示文摘背景:动脉粥样硬化血栓形成是导致心血管疾病和死亡的主要原因。至今,尚无国际数据库阐述动脉粥样硬化血栓形成患者动脉硬化危险因素的特征和治疗强度。
目的:确定动脉粥样硬化危险因素的发生及治疗在世界许多国家是否具有可比性。设计、地点及参试者:“降低动脉粥样硬化血栓形成保持健康研究”(Reduction of Atherothrombosis for Continued Health,REACH)搜集了动脉粥样硬化危险因素及治疗情况的数据。从2003年到2004年,44个国家、5473位内科从业医师总共发现67888例年龄≥45岁的动脉病患者(冠心病[coronaryartery disease,CAD],n=40258;脑血管病,n=18843;周围动脉病,n=8273)或≥3个动脉粥样硬化血栓形成危险因素(n=12389)。主要观测指标:动脉粥样硬化危险因素的基线发生率、药物应用情况及危险因素控制程度。结果:全世界动脉粥样硬化血栓形成患者具有相似的危险因素,即高血压(81.8%)、高胆固醇血症(72.4%)以及糖尿病(44.3%)的比例高。超重(39.8%)、肥胖(26.6%)以及病态肥胖(3.6%)的发生率在大部分地区相似,但是以北美最高(超重:37.1%,肥胖:36.5%,病态肥胖:5.8%;与其他地区比较P〈0.001)。患者采用他汀(总共69.4%;范围:从脑血管病的56.4%到CAD的76.2%)、抗血小板治疗(总共78.6%;范围:从≥3个危险因素的53.9%到CAD的85.6%)及其他循证(降低危险)普遍不足。确诊有血管病的患者在吸烟者为数可观(14.4%)。高血压病治疗不足(基线50.0%血压升高)、高血糖诊断不足(4.9%)以及空腹血糖受损(其中36.5%不知已有糖尿病)均很常见。在有症状的动脉粥样硬化血栓形成患者中,15.9%是有症状的多血管疾病患者。
结论:这项当代大型国际数据库研究显示,在世界许多地区典型心血管危险因素的发生是一致且常见的,但是大多治疗不足、控制不得力。 | Deepak L. Bhatt, MD P. Gabriel Steg, MD E. Magnus Ohman, MD Alan T. Hirsch, MD Yasuo Ikeda, MD Jean-Louis Mas, MD Shinya Goto, MD Chlau-Suong Liau, MD, PhD Alain J. Richard, MD, PhD Joachim Roether, MD Peter W. F. Wilson, MD 徐成斌(译) | 2007 | 美国医学会杂志(中文版)2007，26，1： | 5 |
| 15 | 自画像显示文摘 | Edward Hirsch 刘昕蓉 诸葛志刚 | 2006 | 世界文化2006，，3： | 5 |
| 16 | International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer/American Thoracic Society/European Respiratory Society International Multidisciplinary Classification of Lung Adenocarcinoma显示文摘 | William D. Travis Elisabeth Brambilla Masayuki Noguchi Andrew G. Nicholson Kim R. Geisinger Yasushi Yatabe David G. Beer Charles A. Powell Gregory J. Riely Paul E. Van Schil Kavita Garg John H. M. Austin Hisao Asamura Valerie W. Rusch Fred R. Hirsch Giorg | 2011 | Journal of Thoracic Oncology2011，，2： | 4 |
| 17 | CFD评估框架的进展及其最佳实践:QNET-CFD知识库(英文)显示文摘QNET-CFD是欧盟R&D项目开发的一个主题网络,该网络讨论了计算流体力学(CFD)供工业应用应具有的品质和可信度,其主要目的是以系统和质量控制的方式收集CFD和实验数据, 建立两者相容的知识库(KB),以此为基础,支持对CFD进行指导和评估。QNET-CFD围绕覆盖下述工业部门的6个主题(TA)组成:外流空气动力学;燃烧和传热;化学过程、热水力学和核安全; 土木建筑和HVAC;环境;涡轮机内流。其主要成果是建立了具有面向用户界面及丰富的实验和 CFD数据的知识库,这些数据来自于大量实验数据,分为53种应用挑战(AC)和43种基本流动状态(UFR)。除对上述6个主题领域中每一个的科学发展动态给出述评外,KB还包含了对大多数应用挑战如何利用CFD的最实际的建议,这被视为QNET-CFD最有意义的贡献,CFD的可信度和质量水平将因此得以进一步提高。 | Charles HIRSCH | 2006 | Chinese Journal of Aeronautics2006，19，2： | 4 |
| 18 | Superior light metals by texture engineering: Optimized aluminum and magnesium alloys for automotive applications显示文摘 | J. Hirsch T. Al-Samman | 2013 | Acta Materialia2013，，3： | 3 |
| 19 | Impact of zeta potential of early cement hydration phases on superplasticizer adsorption显示文摘 | Johann Plank Christian Hirsch | 2007 | Cement and Concrete Research2007，，4： | 3 |
| 20 | 地质统计学的应用和滥用显示文摘通过地震、岩石物理和地质技术的综合,地质统计油藏特征描述技术有望改善油气生产的经济状态。遗憾的是,地震、岩石物理和地质方法因各自“神秘”的术语而在彼此间形成了隔膜,使地质统计学的应用通常只限于少数“专家”。实际上,地质统计学方法的应用是相当简单的,也是容易掌握的。但是,地质统计新技术只能补充而不能代替正确的地球物理。 | Keith Hirsche 高林 | 1997 | 石油物探译丛1997，，6： | 3 |
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