|
|
|
题名
|
作者
|
年代
|
出处
|
被引量
|
| 1 | Distribution characteristics and ecological risk assessment of PAHs in surface waters of China显示文摘The concentrations of PAHs in the surface waters from seven river basins in China were summarized from literature published from 2000-2010. Subsequently, the risks from individual PAHs and ∑PAHs in the surface waters of China were quantified by comparing the overlap between the probability distributions of exposure concentrations with the probability distributions of toxicity data. The results show that the concentrations of 15 PAHs in the surface waters ranged from 3.09 to 38139.00 ng L-1, with a geometric mean of 474.93 ng L-1. The significantly higher concentrations of the 15 PAHs occurred in the surface waters from northern China when compared with those from southern China. The concentrations of the 15 PAHs in Chinese surface waters were higher than those in other waters worldwide. The MOS10 (margin of safety) values were calculated at 90th percentile values of exposure concentrations and 10th percentile values of toxicity data, with 5.75, 0.17, 2.33, 0.30, 0.57, 1.74, 1.05, and 0.11 for Ace, Ant, Flu, BaP, Flua, Nap, Phe, and Pyr, respectively. The probabilities of the individual PAH concentrations exceeding the 10th percentile value of the toxicity data were 6.06%, 2.07%, 9.51%, and 2.07% for Nap, Ace, Phe, and Flu, respectively, suggesting minimal risk to aquatic organisms; however, the probabilities of BaP, Ant, Flua, and Pyr exceeding this value were 19.49%, 25.46%, 15.15%, and 30.50%, respectively, indicating potential risks. Among the individual PAHs, the ecological risk from Pyr was the highest, followed by, in descending order of risk, Ant, Bap, Flua, Phe, Nap, Flu, and Ace. Additionally, the combined ecological risk of ∑PAH8 in Chinese surface waters was significantly higher than any that of individual PAHs alone. The MOS10 values in the river basins were < 1, except for the Haihe River Basin, suggesting a potential combined risk from ∑PAH8 in the other six river basins. The probabilities calculation indicate that low to high ecological risk from ∑PAH8 for all aquatic species was reported in the Liaohe River Basin (65.58%), Huaihe River Basin (57.15%), Songhua River Basin (46.49%), Pearl River Basin (38.41%), Yangtze River Basin (25.98%), Yellow River Basin (15.92%), and Haihe River Basin (5.22%). | GUO GuangHui WU FengChang HE HongPing ZHANG RuiQing LI HuiXian FENG ChengLian | 2012 | Science China Earth Sciences2012，55，6： | 14 |
| 2 | Experimental study of the effect of blade tip clearance and blade angle error on the performance of mixed-flow pump显示文摘The hydraulic performance test of the mixed-flow pump has been carried out through selecting different blade tip clearances and various blade angle errors.The ratio of the mixed-flow pump efficiency reduction and the blade tip clearance variation(η/δ) varies with the flow rate coefficient revealing a parabolic trend.An empirical equation has been developed for the mixed-flow pump model by parabolic fitting.For the same blade tip clearance variation δ,the mixed-flow pump efficiency reduction η increases rapidly as the flow rate rises.For any given flow rate,the efficiency,the head and the shaft power of the mixed-flow pump all decrease with the increase of the blade tip clearance.Among them,the efficiency reduction η varies approximately linearly with the blade tip clearance variation δ.When the angle of an individual blade of the mixed-flow pump has a deviation,the performance curves will move and change.These curves have consistent change directions with the performance curves under the condition of all the blades rotated at the same time,but have smaller offset and lower range of variation.When an individual blade angle error changes to ±2°,the optimal efficiency of the mixed-flow pump will have no significant difference.When the individual blade angle error increases to ±4°,the optimal efficiency will decrease by 1%. | BING Hao CAO ShuLiang HE ChengLian LU Li | 2013 | Science China(Technological Sciences)2013，56，2： | 13 |
| 3 | A general alternate loading technique and its applications in the inverse designs of centrifugal and mixed-flow pump impellers显示文摘For the inverse designs of centrifugal and mixed-flow pump impellers,clarifying the generation process of secondary flows and putting forward corresponding suppression measures is an important approach to improve the impeller performance.In this paper,to provide a better qualitative insight into the generation mechanism of secondary flows in the impeller,a simple kinematic equation is derived based on the ideal assumptions,which indicates that the potential rothalpy gradient(PRG)is the most important dynamic source that actively induces secondary vortical flows.Induced by the natural adverse PRG on the S1 and S2 stream surfaces,two typical secondary flows,H-S and P-S secondary flows,are clearly presented.To specially suppress these typical secondary flows,a general alternate loading technique(GALT)is proposed,aiming to adjust the real blade loadingδp to control the PRG features.At the blade fore part,theδp on the hub streamline should be slowly increased to avoid breakneck growth of the potential rothalpy to reduce adverse streamwise PRG on the S2 streamsurface.At the blade middle part,theδp should be moderately decreased to reduce adverse streamwise PRG on the S1 streamsurface.At the blade aft part,the difference in theδp between the shroud and hub streamlines should be decreased faster to control the exit uniformity.By applying the GALT to the impeller designs of three typical pump types in hydraulic engineering,the organizational effect of the PRG on fundamental flow structures is proven.The GALT can effectively control the PRG distributions and suppress the secondary flows,thereby widening the pump’s high-efficiency zone,improving flow uniformity and suppressing pressure fluctuations.Compared with the current Z-G method and the ALT,the GALT can meet the requirements of'de-experience'better,thereby enabling the designers to obtain good products explicitly and quickly. | WANG ChaoYue WANG FuJun AN DongSen YAO ZhiFeng XIAO RuoFu LU Li HE ChengLian ZOU ZhiChao | 2021 | Science China(Technological Sciences)2021，64，4： | 7 |
| 4 | Debrominated and methoxylated polybrominated diphenyl ether metabolites in rainbow trout(Oncorhynchus mykiss) after exposure to decabromodiphenyl ether显示文摘Decabromodiphenyl ether(BDE209) is the primary component in a commonly used flame retardant.Previous studies had proved that BDE209 itself was not toxic,while its metabolites including debrominated diphenyl ethers(De-BDEs) and methoxylated brominated diphenyl ethers(MeO-BDEs) posed a potential threat to organisms.Many studies had indicated that BDE209 could metabolize quickly in mammals,but lacking in the basic data about the metabolism of BDE209 in fish.In the present study,two replicate treatment groups of rainbow trout(Oncorhynchus mykiss) were exposed to BDE209 via a single intraperitoneal injection approximately 100 and 500 ng/g,respectively.Muscle,liver and blood samples were collected to analyze the specific metabolites on day 1 and day 28 post injection.The highest concentration of BDE209 was detected in muscle tissues,from 796.1 ng/g wet weight(day 1) to 687.1 ng/g wet weight(day 28) in high dose group,suggesting that BDE209 could accumulate slightly in muscle tissues.However,BDE209 was not detected in the blood for all treatments.Most congeners of De-BDEs were found in muscle and liver tissues,with the highest concentration in the liver.The main De-BDEs were nona-,octa-,hepta-and penta-De-BDEs.A total of seven MeO-BDE metabolites were observed among different fish tissues.Blood had the highest contribution of the MeO-BDE metabolites.Each MeO-BDE congener increased over the 28 days.These results in contrast to other studies suggested possible species-specific differences in metabolic abilities. | Chenglian Feng,Yiping Xu,Yue He,Qian Luo,Jinmiao Zha,Zijian Wang State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry,Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100085,China. | 2010 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2010，22，9： | 4 |
| 5 | Experimental investigation of time-frequency characteristics of pressure fluctuations in a double-suction centrifugal pump显示文摘 | Yao Zhifeng He Chenglian Wang Min | 2011 | Journal of Fluids Engineering2011，133，10： | 1 |
您所在的机构暂未开通此部分的功能，请联系管理员