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| 1 | Analysis of the Pump-turbine S Characteristics Using the Detached Eddy Simulation Method显示文摘Current research on pump-turbine units is focused on the unstable operation at off-design conditions, with the characteristic curves in generating mode being S-shaped. Unlike in the traditional water turbines, pump-turbine operation along the S-shaped curve can lead to difficulties during load rejection with unusual increases in the water pressure, which leads to machine vibrations. This paper describes both model tests and numerical simulations. A reduced scale model of a low specific speed pump-turbine was used for the performance tests, with comparisons to computational fluid dynamics(CFD) results. Predictions using the detached eddy simulation(DES) turbulence model, which is a combined Reynolds averaged Naviers-Stokes(RANS) and large eddy simulation(LES) model, are compared with the two-equation turbulence mode results. The external characteristics as well as the internal flow are for various guide vane openings to understand the unsteady flow along the so called S characteristics of a pump-turbine. Comparison of the experimental data with the CFD results for various conditions and times shows that DES model gives better agreement with experimental data than the two-equation turbulence model. For low flow conditions, the centrifugal forces and the large incident angle create large vortices between the guide vanes and the runner inlet in the runner passage, which is the main factor leading to the S-shaped characteristics. The turbulence model used here gives more accurate simulations of the internal flow characteristics of the pump-turbine and a more detailed force analysis which shows the mechanisms controlling of the S characteristics. | SUN Hui XIAO Ruofu WANG Fujun XIAO Yexiang LIU Weichao | 2015 | Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering2015，28，1： | 10 |
| 2 | A general alternate loading technique and its applications in the inverse designs of centrifugal and mixed-flow pump impellers显示文摘For the inverse designs of centrifugal and mixed-flow pump impellers,clarifying the generation process of secondary flows and putting forward corresponding suppression measures is an important approach to improve the impeller performance.In this paper,to provide a better qualitative insight into the generation mechanism of secondary flows in the impeller,a simple kinematic equation is derived based on the ideal assumptions,which indicates that the potential rothalpy gradient(PRG)is the most important dynamic source that actively induces secondary vortical flows.Induced by the natural adverse PRG on the S1 and S2 stream surfaces,two typical secondary flows,H-S and P-S secondary flows,are clearly presented.To specially suppress these typical secondary flows,a general alternate loading technique(GALT)is proposed,aiming to adjust the real blade loadingδp to control the PRG features.At the blade fore part,theδp on the hub streamline should be slowly increased to avoid breakneck growth of the potential rothalpy to reduce adverse streamwise PRG on the S2 streamsurface.At the blade middle part,theδp should be moderately decreased to reduce adverse streamwise PRG on the S1 streamsurface.At the blade aft part,the difference in theδp between the shroud and hub streamlines should be decreased faster to control the exit uniformity.By applying the GALT to the impeller designs of three typical pump types in hydraulic engineering,the organizational effect of the PRG on fundamental flow structures is proven.The GALT can effectively control the PRG distributions and suppress the secondary flows,thereby widening the pump’s high-efficiency zone,improving flow uniformity and suppressing pressure fluctuations.Compared with the current Z-G method and the ALT,the GALT can meet the requirements of'de-experience'better,thereby enabling the designers to obtain good products explicitly and quickly. | WANG ChaoYue WANG FuJun AN DongSen YAO ZhiFeng XIAO RuoFu LU Li HE ChengLian ZOU ZhiChao | 2021 | Science China(Technological Sciences)2021，64，4： | 7 |
| 3 | Elastic Scattering of 7Be on Pb Target显示文摘 | Yang Yanyun Wang Jiansong Wang Qi Huang Meirong Ma Junbing Ma Peng Cao Xiguang Han Jianlong Bai Zhen Jin Shilong Hu Qiang Jin Lei Chen Jiangbo Zhang Xueying Chen Ruofu Hu Zhengguo Xu Shiwei Zhen Chuan Xu Zhiguo Xu Hushan Duan Liming Sun Zhiyu Chen Zhiqiang He Jianjun Li Songlin Lei Xiangguo Fu Fen Zhang Xueheng Yuan Xiaohua Du Chengming Yan Xinshuang Hu Jun Tang Shuwen Ye Ruiping Yang Kun Shi Fudong Zhang Wei Chen Ze Li Long Xu Xing Liu Longxiang Zhang Liyong Lin Qingyun Gou Boxing Xu Ge Zhou Xionghong Zhang Yuhu Xiao Guoqing | 2011 | IMP & HIRFL Annual Report2011，，1： | 4 |
| 4 | Dynamic stresses in a francis turbine runner based on fluid-struc- ture interaction analysis 显示文摘 | Xiao Ruofu Wang Zhengwei Luo Yongyao | 2008 | Tsinghua Science and Technology2008，10，13： | 1 |
| 5 | Multiobjective optimization design of a pump-turbine impeller based on an inverse design using a combination optimization strategy显示文摘 | Yang Wei Xiao Ruofu | 2013 | Journal of Fluids Engineering2013，136，1： | 1 |
| 6 | Analysis of s characteristics and pressure pulsations in a pump-turbine with misaligned guide vanes显示文摘 | Sun Hui Xiao Ruofu Liu Weichao | 2013 | Journal of Fluids Engineering2013，135，5： | 1 |
| 7 | Optimization of Blade Geometry of Savonius Hydrokinetic Turbine Based onGenetic Algorithm显示文摘Savonius hydrokinetic turbine is a kind of turbine set which is suitable for low-velocity conditions.Unlike conventional turbines,Savonius turbines employ S-shaped blades and have simple internal structures.Therefore,there is a large space for optimizing the blade geometry.In this study,computational fluid dynamics(CFD)numerical simulation and genetic algorithm(GA)were used for the optimal design.The optimization strategies and methods were determined by comparing the results calculated by CFD with the experimental results.The weighted objective function was constructed with the maximum power coefficient Cp and the high-power coefficient range R under multiple working conditions.GA helps to find the optimal individual of the objective function.Compared the optimal scheme with the initial scheme,the overlap ratioβincreased from 0.2 to 0.202,and the clearance ratioεincreased from 0 to 0.179,the blade circumferential angleγincreased from 0°to 27°,the blade shape extended more towards the spindle.The overall power of Savonius turbines was maintained at a high level over 22%,R also increased from 0.73 to 1.02.In comparison with the initial scheme,the energy loss of the optimal scheme at high blade tip speed is greatly reduced,and this reduction is closely related to the optimization of blade geometry.As R becomes larger,Savonius turbines can adapt to the overall working conditions and meet the needs of its work in low flow rate conditions.The results of this paper can be used as a reference for the hydrodynamic optimization of Savonius turbine runners. | Jiahao Lu Fangfang Zhang Weilong Guang Yanzhao Wu Ran Tao Xiaoqin Li Ruofu Xiao | 2023 | Energy Engineering2023，120，12： | 0 |
| 8 | Charge Equilibration Time of U Ions in Carbon Foil显示文摘During the collision of swift heavy ions with the solids, various processes, such as electron capture, ionization,excitation, vacancy production and the consequent phenomena like energy loss, are closely related with the projectile charge state evolution in the target. To measure the projectile charge state distribution after passing through a foil is an important method to study the microscopic processes of atomic collision in solids. | Fang Yan, Xiao Guoqing, Xu Hushan, Sun Zhiyu,Hu Zhengguo, Zhao Yongtao, Xu Huagen Zhang Xueying, Jia Fei, Yuan Xiaohua, Chen Ruofu, Huang Tianheng Wang Yuyu, Zhang Hongbin, Xu Zhiguo and Zheng Chuan | 2005 | 近代物理研究所和兰州重离子加速器实验室年报:英文版2005，，1： | 0 |
| 9 | Test of CsI(Tl) Crystal for γ Measurement显示文摘Motivated by measuringγ-rays with CsI crystals, the performance of the CsI(Tl) crystal with the shape as shown in Fig. 1 has been tested. The crystal was grown and machined by IMP crystal group. Firstly, different wrapping materials have been investigated. The tested wrapping materials are Teflon, Tyvek (1056D from Dupont) and ESR (from 3M). During the test, the crystal was | Chen Ruofu, Fan Ruirui, Li Songlin, Xu Hushan, Xu Huagen Sun Zhiyu, Yu Yuhong and Xiao Zhigang | 2005 | 近代物理研究所和兰州重离子加速器实验室年报:英文版2005，，1： | 0 |
| 10 | Simulation System of Internal-target Detector at HIRFL-CSRm显示文摘HIRFL-CSRm will accelerate the proton beam up to 2.8 GeV. The interesting physics, such as the hadron spectrum, di-baryon state and the rare decay mode of the neutral mesons can be investigated with such beams. The corresponding detector as introduced in Ref.[1] is an internal-target 4π detector which is composed of the forward detector (including position detector and hadron calorimeter) to detect particles emitted at forward angles, and the center detector (including tracker, plastic scintillator barrel and EM calorimeter) to measure momentum and energy loss of the charged particle, and the energy and emission angle of the high energy photon at central and backward angles. To design such a complex detector, the Monte-Carlo (MC) simulation is definitely necessary. | Li Wenfei, Xu Hushan, Sun Zhiyu, Zhan Wenlong, Duan Limin, Li SonglinXu Huagen, Chen Ruofu, Zhang Xueying, Ma Yue, Jia Fei,Li jiaxing, Xiao Guoqing and Guo Zhongyan | 2003 | 近代物理研究所和兰州重离子加速器实验室年报:英文版2003，，1： | 0 |
| 11 | Effect of leading edge roughness on cavitation inception and development on thin hydrofoil显示文摘The cavitation incipience and development of water flow over a thin hydrofoil placed in the test section of high-speed cavitation tunnel were investigated.Hydrofoils with smooth and rough leading edge were tested for different upstream velocities and incidence angles.The observations clearly revealed that cavitation incipience is enhanced by roughness at incidence angle below 2°.This is in line with the former reports,according to whose roughness element decreases the wettability and traps a larger amount of gas.As a result,surface nucleation is enhanced with an increased risk of cavitation.Surprisingly,for higher incidence angles(>3°),it was found that cavitation incipience is significantly delayed by roughness while developed cavitation is almost the same for both smooth and rough hydrofoils.This unexpected incipience delay is related to the change in the boundary layer structure due to roughness.It was also reported a significant influence of roughness on the dynamic of developed cavitation and shedding of transient cavities. | TAO Ran XIAO Ruofu FARHAT Mohamed | 2017 | 排灌机械工程学报2017，35，11： | 0 |
| 12 | Neutron Wall at RIBLL Ⅱ显示文摘With the construction of the new Radioactive Ion Beam Line in Lanzhou (RIBLL Ⅱ) which connecting the CSRm and the CSRe, an experimental setup.The Time-of-Flight (ToF) technique was recognized as one of the best ways for neutron detection and it, is employed by the neutrons wall. Considering the high neutron multiplicity, the detector shouldal so have the ability to resolve the multiple hits. Moreover, a high detection efficiency for the neutrons with energies ranging from 100MeV to 1 GeV is also required besides the high granularity. In this case, the sampling hadronic calorimeter type of detector has been selected. In order to estimate the performance of the detector | Xu Huagen, Xu Hushan, Li Wenfei, Zhan Wenlong , Xiao Guoqing , Guo Zhongyan Sun Zhiyu, Li Chen, Chen Ruofu, Ma Yue, Zhang Xueying and Jia Fei | 2003 | 近代物理研究所和兰州重离子加速器实验室年报:英文版2003，，1： | 0 |
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