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| 1 | Versatile Nucleotides Substitution in Plant Using an Improved Prime Editing System显示文摘Dear Editor,Base editors(BEs)based on the CRISPR/Cas9 system,including cytosine base editors and adenine base editors,which can efficiently perform four transition mutations(C·G-to-T·A and A·T-to-G·C),have been well studied and widely used to produce base mutations in a variety of organisms,including in plants such as rice. | Wen Xu Chengwei Zhang Yongxing Yang Si Zhao Guiting Kang Xiaoqing He Jinling Song Jinxiao Yang | 2020 | Molecular Plant2020，13，5： | 20 |
| 2 | Discriminated sgRNAs-Based SurroGate System Greatly Enhances the Screening Efficiency of Plant Base-Edited Cells显示文摘The development of CRISPR/Cas9-mediated base editing has made genomic modification more efficient. However, selection of genetically modified cells from millions of treated cells, especially plant cells, is still challenging. In this study, an efficient surrogate reporter system based on a defective hygromycin resistance gene was established in rice to enrich base-edited cells. After step-by-step optimization, the Discriminated sgRNAs-based SurroGate system (DisSUGs) was established by artificially differentiating the editing abilities of a wild-type single guide RNA (sgRNA) targeting the surrogate reporter gene and an enhanced sgRNA targeting endogenous sites. The DisSUGs enhanced the efficiency of screening base-edited cells by 3- to 5-fold for a PmCDA1-based cytosine-to-tyrosine base editor (PCBE), and 2.5- to 6.5-fold for an adenine base editor (ABE) at endogenous targets. These targets showed editing efficiencies of <25% in the conventional systems. The DisSUGs greatly enhanced the frequency of homozygous substitutions and expanded the activity window slightly for both a PCBE and an ABE. Analyses of the total number of single-nucleotide variants from whole-genome sequencing revealed that, compared with the no-enrichment PCBE strategy, the DisSUGs did not alter the frequency of genome-wide sgRNA-independent off-target mutations, but slightly increased the frequency of target-dependent off-target mutations. Collectively, the DisSUGs developed in this study greatly enhances the efficiency of screening plant base-edited cells and will be a useful system in future applications. | Wen Xu Yongxing Yang Ya Liu Guiting Kang Feipeng Wang Lu Li Xinxin Lv Si Zhao Shuang Yuan Jinling Song Ying Wu Feng Feng Xiaoqing He Chengwei Zhang Wei Song Jiuran Zhao Jinxiao Yang | 2020 | Molecular Plant2020，13，1： | 8 |
| 3 | Interfacial Built-In Electric Field-Driven Direct Current Generator Based on Dynamic Silicon Homojunction显示文摘Searching for light and miniaturized functional device structures for sustainable energy gathering from the environment is the focus of energy society with the development of the internet of things.The proposal of a dynamic heterojunction-based direct current generator builds up new platforms for developing in situ energy.However,the requirement of different semiconductors in dynamic heterojunction is too complex to wide applications,generating energy loss for crystal structure mismatch.Herein,dynamic homojunction generators are explored,with the same semiconductor and majority carrier type.Systematic experiments reveal that the majority of carrier directional separation originates from the breaking symmetry between carrier distribution,leading to the rebounding effect of carriers by the interfacial electric field.Strikingly,NN Si homojunction with different Fermi levels can also output the electricity with higher current density than PP/PN homojunction,attributing to higher carrier mobility.The current density is as high as 214.0 A/m^(2),and internal impedance is as low as 3.6 kΩ,matching well with the impedance of electron components.Furthermore,the N-i-N structure is explored,whose output voltage can be further improved to 1.3V in the case of the N-Si/Al2O3/N-Si structure,attributing to the enhanced interfacial barrier.This approach provides a simple and feasible way of converting low-frequency disordered mechanical motion into electricity. | Yanghua Lu Qiuyue Gao Xutao Yu Haonan Zheng Runjiang Shen Zhenzhen Hao Yanfei Yan Panpan Zhang Yu Wen Guiting Yang Shisheng Lin | 2020 | Research2020，，1： | 2 |
| 4 | Highly efficient CRISPR-SaKKH tools for plant multiplex cytosine base editing显示文摘Base editing, as an expanded clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats(CRISPR)-Cas genome editing strategy, permits precise and irreversible nucleotide conversion. SaKKH, an efficient variant of a Cas9 ortholog from Staphylococcus aureus(SaCas9), is important in genome editing because it can edit sites with HHHAAT protospacer adjacent motif(PAM) that the canonical Streptococcus pyogenes Cas9(SpCas9) or its variants(e.g. xCas9, Cas9-NG) cannot. However, several technical parameters of SaKKH involved base editors have not been well defined and this uncertainty limits their application. We developed an effective multiplex cytosine base editor(SaKKHn-pBE) and showed that it recognized NNARRT, NNCRRT, NNGRGT, and NNTRGT PAMs. Based on 27 targets tested, we defined technical parameters of SaKKHn-pBE including the editing window, the preferred sequence context, and the mutation type. The editing efficiency was further improved by modification of the SaKKH sgRNA. These advances can be applied in future research and molecular breeding in rice and other plants. | Chengwei Zhang Feipeng Wang Si Zhao Guiting Kang Jinling Song Lu Li Jinxiao Yang | 2020 | The Crop Journal2020，8，3： | 1 |
| 5 | Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound stimulates proliferation of stem/progenitor cells: what we need to know to translate basic science research into clinical applications显示文摘Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) is a promising therapy that has been increasingly explored in basic research and clinical applications. LIPUS is an appealing therapeutic option as it is a noninvasive treatment that has many advantages, including no risk of infection or tissue damage and no known adverse reactions. LIPUS has been shown to have many benefits including promotion of tissue healing, angiogenesis, and tissue regeneration;inhibition of inflammation and pain relief;and stimulation of cell proliferation and differentiation. The biophysical mechanisms of LIPUS remain unclear and the studies are ongoing. In recent years, more and more research has focused on the relationship between LIPUS and stem/progenitor cells. A comprehensive search of the PubMed and Embase databases to July 2020 was performed. LIPUS has many effects on stem cells. Studies show that LIPUS can stimulate stem cells in vitro;promote stem cell proliferation, differentiation, and migration;maintain stem cell activity;alleviate the problems of insufficient seed cell source, differentiation, and maturation;and circumvent the low efficiency of stem cell transplantation. The mechanisms involved in the effects of LIPUS are not fully understood, but the effects demonstrated in studies thus far have been favorable. Much additional research is needed before LIPUS can progress from basic science research to large-scale clinical dissemination and application. | Yan Tan Yang Guo Amanda B Reed-Maldonado Zheng Li Guiting Lin Shu-Jie Xia Tom F Lue | 2021 | Asian Journal of Andrology2021，23，6： | 1 |
| 6 | Electrochemical construction of porous gold nanostructures on DVD substrate and its application as nonenzymatic hydrogen peroxide sensor显示文摘A simple acid-etching method was used to leach out silver from a bimetallic gold-silver based Digital Video Disc(DVD), which was further treated via a cyclic voltammetric scanning in 1 mmol/L HAu Cl4 solution to create a porous gold nanostructure. The as-fabricated electrode was characterized by field-emission scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersed X-ray spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction. The high electro-catalytic activity of the resulting electrode toward the reduction of hydrogen peroxide(H2O2) presented excellent linear relationship in the range of 8.0×10?5 to 1.26×10?2 mol/L with the detection limit of 2.0×10-5 mol/L(S/N=3). The as-developed non-enzyme-sensor showed good reproducibility, stability, and selectivity. | Huifen Chen Xiaoping Wang Guiting Liu Aijing Lin Ying Wen Haifeng Yang | 2015 | Science China Chemistry2015，58，10： | 0 |
| 7 | Alterative application of five anticonvulsants according to the half life for the treatment of status epilepticus in children with severe viral encephalitis显示文摘BACKGROUND: Traditional subhibernation therapy may easily cause complications, such as respiratory depression and hyportension because of application of chlorpromazine hydrochloride and promethazine in a large dosage. OBJECTIVE: To observe therapeutic effect of modified subhibernation therapy (alterative application of five anticonvulsants according to the half life) on status epilepticus in children with severe viral encephalitis (VE). DESIGN: Contrast observation. SETTING: Department of Pediatrics, the First Hospital of Jilin University. PARTICIPANTS: The participants in present study were 96 patients with severe viral encephalitis including 52 boys and 44 girls who received treatment in the Department of Pediatrics, the First Hospital of Jilin University from February 2000 to March 2006. All children met the diagnostic criteria of Zhufutong Practice Pediatrics (the seventh edition). Two weeks ago, they ever got upper respiratory infection or enteronitis and so on before the onset, spirit abnormal, behavior disorder, limbs act disorder, vomit, headache, convulsion, nervous system masculine signs such as limbs act disord, autonomic nerve damage manifestation, brain nerve palsy, dysreflexia, meningeal irritation sign, cerebrospinal fluid and electroencephalography (EEG) abnormity. All parents provided the confirmed consent. The patients were randomly divided into control group (n =40) and experimental group (n =56). METHODS: Patients in the control group received anticonvulsion, ice compress and routine treatment. The convulsion was treated with five drugs: 0.5 mg/kg wintermin and phenergan, respectively, 100 g/L chlorpromazine hydrochloride (0.5 mL/kg), 5 mg/kg luminal, 0.3 mg/kg ansiolin. When convulsion attacked, those five drugs were given alternatively; however, those were not given if the convulsion did not attack. Children in the experimental group were treated with improved subhibernation therapy based on routine treatment. The dosages of anticonvulsants were as the same as those in the control group. Based on the half life, every drug was alternated every 4-6 hours. In addition, anticonvulsants administrated for 2 successive days whether tic attacked or not. Then the hypnotic was removed gradually. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Therapeutic efficacy, time of disappeared clinical symptoms and physical sign, and security of administration. RESULTS: All the 96 patients were involved in the final analysis. ① Total effective rate and reliability: Total effective rate was higher in the treatment groups than the control group (χ2=5.871 7, P < 0.05). All patients did not have respiratory depression and side effects. ② Time of disappeared clinical symptoms and physical sign: Recovery time of convulsion, fever, headache and vomit was shorter in the treatment group than that in the control group, and there was significant difference (t =17.612 1-34.330 7, P < 0.05); in addition, symptoms of status epilepticus were relieved obviously. Meanwhile, recovery time of paralysis, coma and anepia was shorter in the treatment group than that in the control group, and there was significant difference (t =10.660 8-24.700 8, P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Therapeutic effect of improved subhibernation therapy on status epilepticus induced by severe viral encephalitis is positively and safer. | Yanzhi Huang Libin Yang Shuqing Wang Guiting Wang | 2007 | Neural Regeneration Research2007，2，9： | 0 |
| 8 | High performance solid-state thermoelectric energy conversion via inorganic metal halide perovskites under tailored mechanical deformation显示文摘Solid-state thermoelectric energy conversion devices attract broad research interests because of their great promises in waste heat recycling,space power generation,deep water power generation,and temperature control,but the search for essential thermoelectric materials with high performance still remains a great challenge.As an emerging low cost,solution-processed thermoelectric material,inorganic metal halide perovskites CsPb(I_(1–x)Br_(x))_(3) under mechanical deformation is systematically investigated using the first-principle calculations and the Boltzmann transport theory.It is demonstrated that halogen mixing and mechanical deformation are efficient methods to tailor electronic structures and charge transport properties in CsPb(I_(1–x)Br_(x))_(3) synergistically.Halogen mixing leads to band splitting and anisotropic charge transport due to symmetry-breakinginduced intrinsic strains.Such band splitting reconstructs the band edge and can decrease the charge carrier effective mass,leading to excellent charge transport properties.Mechanical deformation can further push the orbital energies apart from each other in a more controllable manner,surpassing the impact from intrinsic strains.Both anisotropic charge transport properties and ZT values are sensitive to the direction and magnitude of strain,showing a wide range of variation from 20%to 400%(with a ZT value of up to 1.85)compared with unstrained cases.The power generation efficiency of the thermoelectric device can reach as high as approximately 12%using mixed halide perovskites under tailored mechanical deformation when the heat-source is at 500 K and the cold side is maintained at 300 K,surpassing the performance of many existing bulk thermoelectric materials. | Lifu YAN Lingling ZHAO Guiting YANG Shichao LIU Yang LIU Shangchao LIN | 2022 | Frontiers in Energy2022，16，4： | 0 |
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