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| 1 | Gastric accommodation assessed by ultrasonography显示文摘胃的住所为在机能性消化不良的病理生理学的理解是重要的并且为在另外的混乱的症状产生也是相关的。术语胃的住所有至少三个不同意思:住所过程,调节反射,和住所反应。胃的住所过程是描述胃的分隔空间的尺寸怎么响应饭变化的复杂现象。电子 barostat 在估计胃的住所被认为标准答案。成像方法,包括的 MRI, SPECT,和 ultrasonography 可以也被使用,特别地在压力应答的病人,例如机能性消化不良病人,因为一个非侵略、不太导致压力的方法是赞成的。Ultrasonography 满足它不由自己弄歪的这些标准在压力应答的个人的生理的反应。 | Odd Helge Gilja Johan Lunding Trygve Hausken Hans Gregersen | 2006 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2006，12，18： | 12 |
| 2 | Effect of Tangweian Jianji on upper gastrointestinal remodeling in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats显示文摘AIM:To investigate the effect of Tangweian Jianji(TWAJJ) on the biomechanical and morphometrical remodeling of the upper gastrointestinal tract in diabetic rats.METHODS:Diabetes was induced in 27 rats by injecting streptozotocin(40 mg/kg body weight),the animals were then divided into three groups(n = 9 in each group),i.e.,diabetic control(DM);high dose(10 g/kg,T1) and low dose(5 g/kg,T2).Another 10 rats acted as normal controls(Control).TWAJJ was administered by gavage once daily.Blood glucose and serum insulin levels were measured.Circumferential length,wall thickness and opening angle were measured from esophageal,duodenal,jejunal and ileal ring segments.The residual strain was calculated from the morphometric data.Step-wise distension was carried out on esophageal and jejunal segments.The obtained data on the length,diameter and pressure changes were then used to calculate the circumferential and longitudinal stresses and strains.Real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction was used to detect the receptor of advanced glycation end-products(RAGE) mRNA level in jejunal tissues.RESULTS:At the end of the experiment,the blood glucose level was significantly higher and the serum insulin level was significantly lower in DM,T1 and T2 groups than in the control group(Glucose:30.23 ± 0.41 mmol/L,27.48 ± 0.27 mmol/L and 27.84 ± 0.29 mmol/L vs 5.05 ± 0.04 mmol/L,P = 1.65 × 10-16,P = 5.89 × 10-19 and P = 1.63 × 10-18,respectively;Insulin:1.47 ± 0.32 g/L,2.66 ± 0.44 g/L,2.03 ± 0.29 g/L and 4.17 ± 0.54 g/L,P = 0.0001,P = 0.029 and P = 0.025,respectively).However,these levels did not differ among the DM,T1 and T2 groups.The wet weight per unit length,wall thickness and opening angle of esophageal and intestinal segments in the DM group were significantly higher than those in the control group(from P = 0.009 to P = 0.004).These parameters in the T1 group were significantly lower than those in the DM group(wet weight,duodenum:0.147 ± 0.003 g/cm vs 0.158 ± 0.001 g/cm,P = 0.047;jejunum,0.127 ± 0.003 g/cm vs 0.151 ± 0.002 g/cm,P = 0.017;ileum,0.127 ± 0.004 g/cm vs 0.139 ± 0.003 g/cm,P = 0.046;wall thickness,esophagus:0.84 ± 0.03 mm vs 0.94 ± 0.02 mm,P = 0.014;duodenum:1.27 ± 0.06 mm vs 1.39 ± 0.05 mm,P = 0.031;jejunum:1.19 ± 0.07mm vs 1.34 ± 0.04 mm,P = 0.047;ileum:1.09 ± 0.04 mm vs 1.15 ± 0.03 mm,P = 0.049;opening angle,esophagus:112.2 ± 13.2 vs 134.7 ± 14.7,P = 0.027;duodenum:105.9 ± 12.3 vs 123.1 ± 13.1,P = 0.046;jejunum:90.1 ± 15.4 vs 115.5 ± 13.3,P = 0.044;ileum:112.9 ± 13.4 vs 136.1 ± 17.1,P = 0.035).In the esophageal and jejunal segments,the inner residual stain was significantly smaller and the outer residual strain was larger in the DM group than in the control group(P = 0.022 and P = 0.035).T1 treatment significantly restored this biomechanical alteration(P = 0.011 and P = 0.019),but T2 treatment did not.Furthermore,the circumferential and longitudinal stiffness of the esophageal and jejunal wall increased in the DM group compared with those in the control group.T1,but not T2 treatment,significantly decreased the circumferential wall stiffness in the jejunal segment(P = 0.012) and longitudinal wall stiffness in the esophageal segment(P = 0.023).The mRNA level of RAGE was significantly decreased in the T1 group compared to that in the DM group(P = 0.0069).CONCLUSION:TWAJJ(high dose) treatment partly restored the morphometric and biomechanical remodeling of the upper gastrointestinal tract in diabetic rats. | Gui-Fang Liu Jing-Bo Zhao Zhong Zhen Hong Sha Peng-Min Chen Min Li Jia-Cheng Zhang Ming-Ze Yuan Wen Gao Hans Gregersen Xiao-Lin Tong | 2012 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2012，18，35： | 8 |
| 3 | Impaired contractility and remodeling of the upper gastrointestinal tract in diabetes mellitus type-1显示文摘AIM: To investigate that both the neuronal function of the contractile system and structural apparatus of the gastrointestinal tract are affected in patients with longstanding diabetes and auto mic neuropathy. METHODS: The evoked esophageal and duodenal contractile activity to standardized bag distension was assessed using a specialized ultrasound-based probe. Twelve type-1 diabetic patients with autonomic neuropathy and severe gastrointestinal symptoms and 12 healthy controls were studied. The geometry and biomechanical parameters (strain, tension/stress, and stiffness) were assessed. RESULTS: The diabetic patients had increased frequency of distension-induced contractions (6.0 ± 0.6 vs 3.3 ± 0.5, P < 0.001). This increased reactivity was correlated with the duration of the disease (P = 0.009). Impaired coordination of the contractile activity in diabetic patients was demonstrated as imbalance between the time required to evoke the first contraction at the distension site and proximal to it (1.5 ± 0.6 vs 0.5 ± 0.1, P = 0.03). The esophageal wall and especially the mucosa-submucosa layer had increased thickness in the patients (P < 0.001), and the longitudinal and radial compressive stretch was less in diabetics (P <0.001). The esophageal and duodenal wall stiffness and circumferential deformation induced by the distensions were not affected in the patients (all P > 0.14). CONCLUSION: The impaired contractile activity with an imbalance in the distension-induced contractions likely reflects neuronal abnormalities due to autonomic neuropathy. However, structural changes and remodeling of the gastrointestinal tract are also evident and may add to the neuronal changes. This may contribute to the pathophysiology of diabetic gut dysfunction and impact on future management of diabetic patients with gastrointestinal symptoms. | Jens BrΦndum FrΦkjΦr SΦren Due Andersen Niels EjskjΦr Peter Funch-Jensen AsbjΦrn Mohr Drewes Hans Gregersen | 2007 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2007，13，36： | 8 |
| 4 | High shear stress induces atherosclerotic vulnerable plaque formation through angiogenesis显示文摘Rupture of atherosclerotic plaques causing thrombosis is the main cause of acute coronary syndrome and ischemic strokes.Inhibition of thrombosis is one of the important tasks developing biomedical materials such as intravascular stents and vascular grafts.Shear stress(SS)influences the formation and development of atherosclerosis.The current review focuses on the vulnerable plaques observed in the high shear stress(HSS)regions,which localizes at the proximal region of the plaque intruding into the lumen.The vascular outward remodelling occurs in the HSS region for vascular compensation and that angiogenesis is a critical factor for HSS which induces atherosclerotic vulnerable plaque formation.These results greatly challenge the established belief that low shear stress is important for expansive remodelling,which provides a new perspective for preventing the transition of stable plaques to high-risk atherosclerotic lesions. | Yi Wang Juhui Qiu Shisui Luo Xiang Xie Yiming Zheng Kang Zhang Zhiyi Ye Wanqian Liu Hans Gregersen GuixueWang | 2016 | Regenerative Biomaterials2016，3，4： | 8 |
| 5 | Effect of Kaiyu Qingwei Jianji on the morphometry and residual strain distribution of small intestine in experimental diabetic rats显示文摘AIM: To investigate the effect of a Chinese medicine, Kaiyu Qingwei Jianji (KYQWJJ) used for diabetic treatment, on the morphometry and residual strain distribution of the small intestine in streptozotocin (STZ) -induced diabetic rats. Correlation analysis was also performed between the opening angle and residual strain with the blood glucose level. METHODS: Forty-two male Wistar rats weighing 220-240 g were included in this study. Thirty-two STZ- induced diabetic rats were subdivided into four groups (n = 8 in each group), i.e. diabetic control group (DM); high dose of KYQWJJ (T1, 36g/kg per day); low dose of KYQWJJ (T2, 17 g/kg per day) and Gliclazide (T3, 50 mg/kg per day). Another ten rats were used as non- diabetic control (CON). The medicines were poured directly into stomach lumen by gastric lavage twice daily. The rats of CON and DM groups were only poured the physiological saline. Blood glucose and plasma insulin levels were measured. Experimental period was 35 d. At the end of experiment, three 5-cm long segments were harvested from the duodenum, jejunum and ileum. Three rings of 1-2 mm in length for no-load and zero-stress state tests were cut from the middle of different segments. The morphometric data, such as the circumferential length, the wall thickness and the opening angle were measured from the digitized images of intestinal segments in the no-load state and zero- stress state. The residual strain was computed from the morphometry data. Furthermore, the linear regressionanalysis was performed between blood glucose level with morphometric and biomechanical data in the different intestinal segments. RESULTS: The blood glucose level of DM group was consistent 4-fold to 5-fold higher than those in CON group during the experiment (16.89 ± 1.11 vs 3.44 ± 0.15 mmol/L, P < 0.001). The blood glucose level in the T1 (16.89 ± 1.11 vs 11.08 ± 2.67 mmol/L, P < 0.01) and T3 groups (16.89 ± 1.11 vs 13.54 ± 1.73 mmol/L, P < 0.05), but not in T2 group (P > 0.05) was significantly lower than those in DM group. The plasma insulin levels of DM, T1, T2 and T3 groups were significantly lower than those in CON group (10.98 ± 1.02, 12.52 ± 1.42,13.54 ± 1.56,10.96 ± 0.96 vs 17.84 ± 2.34 pmol/L respectively, P < 0.05), but no significantly difference among the groups with exception of CON group. The wet weight/cm and total wall thickness of duodenum, jejunum and ileum in DM group were significantly higher than those in CON group (wet weight (g/cm): duodenum 0.209 ± 0.012 vs 0.166 ± 0.010, jejunum 0.149 ± 0.008 vs 0.121 ± 0.004, ileum 0.134 ± 0.013 vs 0.112 ± 0.007; Wall thickness (mm): duodenum 0.849 ± 0.027 vs 0.710 ± 0.026, jejunum 0.7259 ± 0.034 vs 0.627 ± 0.025, ileum 0.532 ± 0.023 vs 0.470 ± 0.010, all P < 0.05), T1 and T3 treatment could partly restore change of wall thickness, but T2 could not. The opening angle and absolute value of inner and outer residual stain were significantly smaller in duodenal segment (188 ± 11 degrees, -0.31 ± 0.02 and 0.35 ± 0.03 vs 259 ± 15 degrees, -0.40 ± 0.02 and 0.43 ± 0.05) and larger in jejunal (215 ± 20 degrees, -0.30 ± 0.03 and 0.36 ± 0.06 vs 172 ± 19 degrees, -0.25 ± 0.02 and 0.27 ± 0.02) and ileal segments (183 ± 20 degrees, -0.28 ± 0.01 and 0.34 ± 0.05 vs 153 ± 14 degrees, -0.23 ± 0.03 and 0.29 ± 0.04) in DM group than in CON group (P < 0.01). T1 and T3 treatment could partly restore this biomechanical alteration, but strong effect was found in T1 treatment (duodenum 243 ± 14 degrees, -0.36 ± 0.02 and 0.42 ± 0.06, jejunum 180 ± 15 degrees, -0.26 ± 0.03 and 0.30 ± 0.06 and ileum 163 ± 17 degrees, -0.23 ± 0.03 and 0.30 ± 0.05, compared with DM, P < 0.05). The linear association was found between the glucose level with most morphometric and biomechanical data. CONCLUSION: KYQWJJ (high dose) treatment could partly restore the changes of blood glucose level and the remodeling of morphometry and residual strain of small intestine in diabetic rats. The linear regression analysisdemonstrated that the effect of KYQWJJ on intestinal opening angle and residual strain is partially through its effect on the blood glucose level. | Hong Sha Jing-Bo Zhao Zhi-Yuan Zhang Shui-Ping Zhou Xiao-Lin Tong Feng-Yuan Zhuang Hans Gregersen | 2006 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2006，12，44： | 8 |
| 6 | 糖基化终末产物及其受体在糖尿病大鼠胃组织中的分布显示文摘目的:探讨了糖基化终末产物(advanced glycation end products,AGE)及其受体(receptor for advanced glycation end products,RAGE)在糖尿病大鼠胃组织中的分布.方法:糖尿病模型组与正常组大鼠饲养8w k,测量空腹血糖、糖化血清蛋白、胃壁组织学,免疫组织化学检测AGE与RAGE在胃壁组织的表达.结果:模型组大鼠胃黏膜层(781.47μm±137.82μm vs 709.85μm±169.41μm)和黏膜下层(233.39μm±134.05μm vs109.32μm±44.43μm)的厚度较正常组显著增加(P<0.05);AGE与RAGE在模型组大鼠胃组织的黏膜层(5.66±1.90 vs 2.25±0.52,2.79±0.54 vs 1.70±0.30)和肌层(37.37±7.38 vs 24.32±4.02,4.26±0.80vs 3.59±0.37)的分布较正常组显著增加(P<0.05).结论:AGE与RAGE在糖尿病大鼠的胃组织中表达上调,该异常分布可能与糖尿病胃肠功能障碍有关. | 田佳星 赵静波 李敏 李君玲 曹洋 Hans Gregersen 仝小林 | 2015 | 世界华人消化杂志2015，23，17： | 5 |
| 7 | Experimental human pain models in gastro-esophageal reflux disease and unexplained chest pain显示文摘Methods related to experimental human pain research aim at activating different nociceptors, evoke pain from different organs and activate specific pathways and mechanisms. The different possibilities for using mechanical, electrical, thermal and chemical methods in visceral pain research are discussed with emphasis of combinations (e.g., the multimodal approach). The methods have been used widely in assessment of pain mechanisms in the esophagus and have contributed to our understanding of the symptoms reported in these patients. Hence abnormal activation and plastic changes of central pain pathways seem to play a major role in the symptoms in some patients with gastro-esophageal reflux disease and in patients with functional chest pain of esophageal origin. These findings may lead to an alternative approach for treatment in patients that does not respond to conventional medical or surgical therapy. | Asbjφrn Mohr Drewes Lars Arendt-Nielsen Peter Funch-Jensen Hans Gregersen | 2006 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2006，12，18： | 5 |
| 8 | 糖胃安方对链脲佐菌素诱导的1型糖尿病大鼠小肠生物力学重构的影响显示文摘目的探讨糖胃安方对STZ诱导的T1DM大鼠小肠形态学和生物力学重构改善的机制。方法 STZ造模糖尿病大鼠32只,随机分为糖胃安方高(H,15g/kg)、中(M,10g/kg)、低(L,5g/kg)剂量组和糖尿病模型(DM)组,每组8只;另取8只为空白对照(Con)组。8周后,测量小肠肠壁厚度、横截面积、展开角、残余应变、分析其应力应变关系及小肠组织学结果,并检测小肠组织晚期AGEs与AGE受体(RAGE)的表达。结果高剂量糖胃安方能降低T1DM大鼠的糖化血清蛋白(GSP)含量[(315.03±29.51)vs(246.96±31.04)μmol/L]、肠壁厚度[(1.87±0.07)vs(1.38±0.03)mm]、肠壁横截面积[(19.66±0.66)vs(17.54±0.81)mm2]及展开角[(91.85±2.70)°vs(75.18±3.98)°](P<0.05);同时具有改善T1DM大鼠小肠AGEs及RAGE表达作用;线性回归分析显示,AGEs与RAGE表达与形态学、生物力学参数有相关性。结论高剂量糖胃安方能部分恢复T1DM大鼠小肠肠壁形态学及生物力学重构,其机制可能与改善RAGE在小肠组织的表达,且减少AGEs与RAGE结合。 | 田佳星 赵静波 李敏 李君玲 刘桂芳 甄仲 张家成 张岩 王松 Hans Gregersen 仝小林 | 2015 | 中国糖尿病杂志2015，23，7： | 5 |
| 9 | 糖尿病大鼠消化道的生物力学和形态重构显示文摘目的观察链菌脲酶素(STZ)诱导的糖尿病大鼠,其消化道的形态学和生物力学特性是否发生了重构。方法用(STZ)复制糖尿病大鼠模型(DM)组,用注射生理盐水作为正常对照(NC)组。定期检测血糖和体重。造模成功60d后,测量管壁的湿重、壁厚、展开角、残余应变和分析其应力应变关系。结果 DM组大鼠食管和各个肠段的湿重与体重的比值、壁厚、展开角和内外残余应变的绝对值,明显高于NC组(P<0.05和P<0.01)。DM组食管和结肠的周向和轴向的管壁硬度与正常对照组比较,均有统计学意义的增加(P<0.05),而空肠表现为周向管壁硬度的增加(P<0.05)。结论 STZ诱导的糖尿病大鼠的食管,小肠,结肠和直肠的形态学和生物力学均发生了重构,其管壁的重构可能与糖尿病病人的胃肠功能紊乱有关。 | 沙洪 赵静波 刘桂芳 赵东 陈朋民 甄仲 HANS GREGERSEN | 2012 | 中国糖尿病杂志2012，20，5： | 4 |
| 10 | Multimodal pain stimulation of the gastrointestinal tract显示文摘疼痛和另外的感觉症状的理解和描述在在有胃肠的混乱的病人的诊断和评价的最重要的问题之中。唤起并且估计试验性的疼痛的方法最近为多模式的刺激与可能性发展成一个新区域(例如,电、机械、热、化学的刺激) 不同神经和疼痛,在人的小径毁坏。如此的方法模仿在诊所经验丰富的疼痛到高度。多模式的疼痛方法处于健康和疾病在内脏增加了我们不同外部受体的基本理解。和先进肌肉分析,方法增加了我们对敏感的受体的理解机械,在疾病的化学药品和温度刺激,例如全身的硬化和糖尿病。方法能也被用来解开中枢性痛机制例如涉及 allodynia 的那些,痛觉过敏和提交的疼痛。在中枢性痛机制的畸形经常依靠刺激可以帮助在这些病人理解症状的多模式的疼痛的长期的内脏疼痛和因此方法地在病人被看见。性差别在内脏的几疾病被观察了,并且在中枢性痛在男性和女性之间处理的差别用多模式的疼痛刺激被假设了。最后,多模式的方法最近被用来在官方补给的道对疼痛获得更多的卓见进药的效果。因此,多模式的方法无疑表示一个学生与内脏的各种各样的疾病在未来描述和病人的治疗向前走。 | Asbjφrn Mohr Drewes Hans Gregersen | 2006 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2006，12，16： | 4 |
| 11 | Advanced glycation end-product expression is upregulated in the gastrointestinal tract of type 2 diabetic rats显示文摘AIM:To investigate changes in advanced glycation end products(AGEs) and their receptor(RAGE) expression in the gastrointestinal(GI) tract in type 2 diabetic rats.METHODS:Eight inherited type 2 diabetic rats GotoKakizak(GK) and ten age-matched normal rats were used in the study.From 18 wk of age,the body weight and blood glucose were measured every week and 2 wk respectively.When the rats reached 32 wk,twocentimeter segments of esophagus,duodenum,jejunum,ileum,and colon were excised and the wet weight was measured.The segments were fixed in 10% formalin,embedded in paraffin and five micron sections were cut.The layer thickness was measured in Hematoxylin and Eosin-stained slides.AGE [N epsilon-(carboxymethyl) lysine and N epsilon-(carboxyethyl)lysine] and RAGE were detected by immunohistochemistry staining and image analysis was done using Sigmascan Pro 4.0 image analysis software.RESULTS:The blood glucose concentration(mmol/L) at 18 wk age was highest in the GK group(8.88 ± 1.87 vs 6.90 ± 0.43,P < 0.001),a difference that continued to exist until the end of the experiment.The wet weight per unit length(mg/cm) increased in esophagus,jejunum and colon from the normal to the GK group(60.64 ± 9.96 vs 68.56 ± 11.69,P < 0.05 for esophagus; 87.01 ± 9.35 vs 105.29 ± 15.45,P < 0.01 for jejunum; 91.37 ± 7.25 vs 97.28 ± 10.90,P < 0.05 for colon).Histologically,the layer thickness of the GItract was higher for esophagus,jejunum and colon in the GK group [full thickness(μm):575.37 ± 69.22 vs 753.20 ± 150.41,P < 0.01 for esophagus; 813.51 ± 44.44 vs 884.81 ± 45.31,P < 0.05 for jejunum; 467.12 ± 65.92 vs 572.26 ± 93.60,P < 0.05 for colon].In esophagus,the AGE and RAGE mainly distributed in striated muscle cells and squamous epithelial cells.The AGE distribution was much stronger in the GK group compared to the normal group both in the striated muscle layer and mucosa layer(immuno-positive area/ total measuring area %:4.52 ± 0.89 vs 10.96 ± 1.34,P < 0.01 for muscle; 8.90 ± 2.62 vs 22.45 ± 1.26,P < 0.01 for mucosa).No visible difference was found for RAGE distribution between the two groups.In the intestine AGE and RAGE distributed in epithelial cells of villi and crypt.RAGE was also found in neurons in the myenteric and submucosal plexus.The intensity of AGE staining in mucosa of all segments and RAGE staining in neurons in all segments were strongest in the diabetes group.Significant difference for AGE was found in the epithelial cells of villi and crypt in duodenum(immunopositive area/total measuring area %:13.37 ± 3.51 vs 37.48 ± 8.43,P < 0.05 for villi; 0.38 ± 0.12 vs 1.87 ± 0.53,P < 0.05 for crypt) and for RAGE in neurons of all segments(e.g.,for jejunum:no staining neurons% 0 vs 0,mild 36.0 ± 5.2 vs 28.7 ± 3.5,moderate 53.2 ± 4.8 vs 55.8 ± 5.4,strong 10.7 ± 1.1 vs 15.4 ± 2.0,P < 0.05).In the colon,RAGE was primarily found in neurons in the myenteric and submucosal plexus.It was stronger in the diabetes group than in the normal group(no staining neurons% 6.2 ± 0.2 vs 0.3 ± 0.04,mild 14.9 ± 2.1 vs 17.6 ± 1.5,moderate 53.1 ± 4.6 vs 44.7 ± 4.4,strong 25.6 ± 18 vs 43.6 ± 4.0,P < 0.05).In the rectum,RAGE was primarily found in the mucosa epithelial cells.CONCLUSION:The AGE and RAGE expression was upregulated in the GI tract of GK diabetic rats and may contribute to GI dysfunction in type 2 diabetic patients. | Peng-Min Chen Hans Gregersen Jing-Bo Zhao | 2015 | World Journal of Diabetes2015，6，4： | 4 |
| 12 | Morphological properties and residual strain along the small intestine in rats显示文摘瞄准:剩余应力和紧张为胃肠的功能是重要的并且联系到几何配置,装载条件和胃肠的道的零压力的状态。这个工程的目的是提供 morphometric 数据,剩余为老鼠拉紧小肠(n =11 ) 。方法:走近以资产净值出售的州,肠通过手术被切除,转了到机关洗澡并且横着切了进短圆形的片断。每枚戒指为获得零压力的状态放射状地被切。剩余压力能被一个开的角度描述。零压力的状态和以资产净值出售的状态之间的紧张差别被称为剩余紧张。结果:大 morphometric 变化沿着小肠被发现。墙厚度在近似十二指肠是最高的并且沿着小肠(P<0.001 ) 的轴在远侧的方向减少了。内部、外部的表面的环绕的长度由 30-50%(P<0.001 ) 沿着十二指肠的长度很快减少了。墙区域和腔区域显示出一个类似的模式(P<0.001 ) 。处于零压力的状态,戒指总是在做切割以后开口了。当时,实验导致了更大的内部环绕的长度和更小的外部环绕的长度与以资产净值出售的状态相比。墙厚度和墙区域没在以资产净值出售、零压力的状态之间不同。沿着十二指肠的长度增加并且有它的最高的价值的开的角度和正切旋转角度 30% 击倒肠。进一步,在肠下面,它再减少了(P<0.001 ) 。serosal 剩余紧张近与最高的价值是张力的到 Treitz (P<0.001 ) 的系带。mucosal 剩余紧张近在有在 -0.25 和 -0.4 之间的平均价值并且与最低价值的小肠的所有片断是压缩的到 Treitz (P<0.001 ) 的系带。结论:在 morphometric 性质和剩余紧张的轴的变化在小肠被发现。大剩余紧张的存在显示零压力的状态必须在胃肠的道在未来简历被认为机械研究。 | Hans Gregersen | 2002 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2002，8，2： | 3 |
| 13 | Functional oesophago-gastric junction imaging显示文摘尽管有它在疾病的角色,仍然没有权威的方法估计 oesophago 胃的连接胜任(OGJ ) 。传统地, OGJ 作为指示物与更低的食道的括约肌压力用测压法被估计了。更最近,这被显示了不对倒流是括约肌功能和胜任的一个很可靠的标记。混乱象胃食道的倒流疾病那样并且到更小的 extend 弛缓不能仍然完成病人的一个重要数字。这评论看使用作为阻抗测面积池知道在一只袋子的扩张期间在 OGJ 介绍几何学和压力的一种新技术。收集的数据能被重建进 OGJ 行动的一个动态代表。这被显示了提供 OGJ 的一个有用代表并且由于 endoluminal 治疗以依从和膨胀性显示出变化到 OGJ 的胜任。 | Barry P McMahon Asbjφrn M Drewes Hans Gregersen | 2006 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2006，12，18： | 3 |
| 14 | Development of a real-time computer vision system for tracking loose-housed pigs显示文摘 | Peter Ahrendt Torben Gregersen Henrik Karstoft | 2011 | Computers and Electronics in Agriculture2011，，： | 3 |
| 15 | Morphology and motor function of the gastrointestinal tract examined with endosonography显示文摘Endosonography 是为学习胃肠道的形态学和运动机能的一个有用工具。管腔内 ultrasonography 是用被插入到官方补给的道的体内变换器的超声考试的普通命名。因此,内脏的墙和邻近的结构能详细被想象。这评论在肠胃病学描述 endosonography 的实用性,特别地关于机械的简历和胃肠道的运动机能的研究。象 3-D EUS, elastography 和种类率成像那样的新技术被讨论。 | Svein Odegaard Lars Birger Nesje Dag Arne Lihaug Hoff Odd Helge Gilja Hans Gregersen | 2006 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2006，12，18： | 3 |
| 16 | Relationships of CDXs and apical sodium-dependent bile acid transporter in Barrett's esophagus显示文摘Barrett's esophagus (BE) is characterized by intestinal metaplasia with the differentiated epithelium replaced by another type of epithelium morphologically similar to normal intestinal epithelium. The metaplasia is preceded by bile and acid reflux into the esophagus. BE is a premalignant condition associated with increased risk of esophageal cancer, especially esophageal adenocarcinoma. The Caudal-related homeodomain transcription factors Caudal-related homeodomain transcription factor CDX1 and CDX2 are expressed exclusively in the small and large intestine, playing important roles in proliferation and differentiation of intestinal epithelial cells. Ectopic expression of CDX1 and CDX2 occurs in BE. The apical sodium-dependent bile acid transporter (ASBT) is expressed primarily in terminal ileum where it is a key factor for intestinal reabsorption of bile salts. In addition to upregulation of CDX1 and CDX2, ASBT expression is up-regulated in BE. Furthermore, both CDX1/CDX2 and ASBT expressions are down-regulated in high-grade esophageal dysplasia. The alteration of the above-mentioned factors calls for attention: what is the relationship between CDXs and ASBT aberrant expression in BE? In this commentary, we discuss this issue on basis of the recent study done by Ma et al . | Jingbo Zhao Hans Gregersen | 2013 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2013，19，18： | 3 |
| 17 | Sensory-motor responses to mechanical stimulation of the esophagus after sensitization with acid显示文摘AIM: Sensitization most likely plays an important role in chronic pain disorders, and such sensitization can be mimicked by experimental acid perfusion of the esophagus.The current study systematically investigated the sensory and motor responses of the esophagus to controlled mechanical stimuli before and after sensitization.METHODS: Thirty healthy subjects were included.Distension of the distal esophagus with a balloon was performed before and after perfusion with 0.1 mol/L hydrochloric acid for 30 min. An impedance planimetry system was used to measure cross-sectional area,volume, pressure, and tension during the distensions. A new model allowed evaluation of the phasic contractions by the tension during contractions as a function of the initial muscle length before the contraction (comparable to the Frank-Starling law for the heart). Length-tension diagrams were used to evaluate the muscle tone before and after relaxation of the smooth muscle with butylscopolamine.RESULTS: The sensitization resulted in allodynia and hyperalgesia to the distension volumes, and the degree of sensitization was related to the infused volume of acid. Furthermore, a nearly 50% increase in the evoked referred pain was seen after sensitization. The mechanical analysis demonstrated hyper-reactivity of the esophagus following acid perfusion, with an increased number and force of the phasic contractions, but the muscle tone did not change.CONCLUSION: Acid perfusion of the esophagus sensitizes the sensory pathways and facilitates secondary contractions.The new model can be used to study abnormal sensorymotor mechanisms in visceral organs. | Asbjφrn Mohr Drewes Hariprasad Reddy Camilla Staahl Jan Pedersen Peter Funch-Jensen Lars Arendt-Nielsen Hans Gregersen | 2005 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2005，11，28： | 3 |
| 18 | Gastrointestinal tract modelling in health and disease显示文摘The gastrointestinal (GI) tract is the system of organs within multi-cellular animals that takes in food, digests it to extract energy and nutrients, and expels the remaining waste. The various patterns of GI tract function are generated by the integrated behaviour of multiple tissues and cell types. A thorough study of the GI tract requires understanding of the interactions between cells, tissues and gastrointestinal organs in health and disease. This depends on knowledge, not only of numerous cellular ionic current mechanisms and signal transduction pathways, but also of large scale GI tissue structures and the special distribution of the nervous network. A unique way of coping with this explosion in complexity is mathematical and computational modelling; providing a computational framework for the multilevel modelling and simulation of the human gastrointestinal anatomy and physiology. The aim of this review is to describe the current status of biomechanical modelling work of the GI tract in humans and animals, which can be further used to integrate the physiological, anatomical and medical knowledge of the GI system. Such modelling will aid research and ensure that medical professionals benefit, through the provision of relevant and precise information about the patient's condition and GI remodelling in animal disease models. It will also improve the accuracy and efficiency of medical procedures, which could result in reduced cost for diagnosis and treatment. | Dong-Hua Liao Jing-Bo Zhao Hans Gregersen Hans Gregersen | 2009 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2009，15，2： | 3 |
| 19 | 糖基化终末产物及其受体在胃肠道中的分布显示文摘目的:研究糖基化终末产物(advanced glycation end products,AGE)及其受体(receptor for advanced glycation end products,RAGE)在胃肠道中的分布,为进一步探索其在慢性糖尿病胃肠功能紊乱中的作用奠定基础.方法:分别对成年Wistar大鼠食管、胃、十二指肠、空肠、回肠、结肠及直肠组织进行AGE及RAGE免疫组织化学染色.结果:(1)食管:AGE及RAGE主要分布在横纹肌的肌细胞及黏膜的鳞状上皮细胞;(2)胃:AGE在壁细胞为强阳性.RAGE在主细胞、肥大细胞、神经细胞为强阳性,在壁细胞为中等强度阳性,在表面黏液细胞为弱阳性;(3)小肠:AGE及RAGE在绒毛及固有层上皮细胞为阳性或强阳性.RAGE在肠道的神经细胞亦为强阳性;(4)结肠及直肠:AGE及RAGE在黏膜上皮细胞为弱阳性,RAGE在神经细胞为强阳性.结论:AGE及RAGE广泛分布于肠道上皮细胞及食管的横纹肌细胞,AGE亦分布于胃的壁细胞,RAGE亦分布于胃的壁细胞、主细胞、表面黏液细胞、肥大细胞及胃肠道的神经细胞. | 陈朋民 赵静波 Hans Gregersen | 2012 | 世界华人消化杂志2012，20，36： | 2 |
| 20 | Mucosal blood flow measurements using laser Doppler perfusion monitoring显示文摘Perfusion of individual tissues is a basic physiological process that is necessary to sustain oxygenation and nutrition at a cellular level. Ischemia, or the insuff iciency of perfusion, is a common mechanism for tissue death or degeneration, and at a lower threshold, a mechanism for the generation of sensory signalling including pain. It is of considerable interest to study perfusion of pe- ripheral abdominal tissues in a variety of circumstances. Microvascular disease of the abdominal organs has been implicated in the pathogenesis of a variety of disorders, including peptic ulcer disease, inflammatory bowel disease and chest pain. The basic principle of laser Doppler perfusion monitoring (LDPM) is to analyze changes in the spectrum of light reflected from tissues as a response to a beam of monochromatic laser light emitted. It reflects the total local microcirculatory blood perfusion, including perfusion in capillaries, arterioles, venules and shunts. During the last 20-25 years, numerous studies have been performed in different parts of the gastroin-testinal (GI) tract using LDPM. In recent years we have developed a multi-modal catheter device which includes a laser Doppler probe, with the intent primarily to investigate patients suffering from functional chest pain of presumed oesophageal origin. Preliminary studies show the feasibility of incorporating LDPM into such catheters for performing physiological studies in the GI tract. LDPM has emerged as a research and clinical tool in preference to other methods; but, it is important to be aware of its limitations and account for them when reporting results. | Dag Arne Lihaug Hoff Hans Gregersen Jan Gunnar Hatlebakk | 2009 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2009，15，2： | 2 |
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