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| 1 | What is artificial meat and what does it mean for the future of the meat industry?显示文摘The meat industry cannot respond to increases in demand by ever increasing resource use. The industry must find solutions to issues regarding animal welfare, health and sustainability and will have to do so in the face of competition from emerging non-traditional meat and protein products in an increasingly complex regulatory environment. These novel meat and protein products, otherwise known as ‘artificial meat' are utilising ground breaking technologies designed to meet the issues facing the conventional meat industry. These artificial meats, in vitro or cultured meat and meat from genetically modified organisms have no real capacity to compete with conventional meat production in the present environment. However, meat replacements manufactured from plant proteins and mycoproteins are currently the biggest competitors and are gaining a small percentage of the market. Manufactured meats may push conventional meat into the premium end of the market, and supply the bulk, cheap end of the market if conventional meat products become more expensive and the palatability and versatility of manufactured meats improve. In time the technology for other artificial meats such as meat from genetic modified organisms or cultured meat may become sufficiently developed for these products to enter the market with no complexity of the competition between meat products. Conventional meat producers can assimilate agroecology ecology concepts in order to develop sustainable animal production systems. The conventional meat industry can also benefit from assimilating biotechnologies such as cloning and genetic modification technologies, using the technology to adapt to the changing environment and respond to the increasing competition from artificial meats. Although it will depend at least partly on the evolution of conventional meat production, the future of artificial meat produced from stem cells appears uncertain at this time. | Sarah P F Bonny Graham E Gardner David W Pethick Jean-Franois Hocquette | 2015 | Journal of Integrative Agriculture2015，14，2： | 15 |
| 2 | 幽门螺杆菌感染处理的当前观念——MaastrichtⅢ共识报告显示文摘名词缩写欧洲幽门螺杆菌研究小组:European Helicobacter Study Group,EHSG胃食管反流病:gastro-esophageal reflux disease。 | P Malfertheiner F Megraud C O'Morain F Bazzoli E El-Omar D Graham R Hunt T Rokkas N Vakil EJ Kuipers 朱琦 | 2007 | 胃肠病学2007，12，3： | 15 |
| 3 | Liver iron transport显示文摘肝在铁新陈代谢起一个中央作用。它是为铁的主要存储地点并且也表示涉及铁运输和铁动态平衡的规定的分子的一个复杂范围。与肝的铁运输或规定联系的越来越多的基因被识别了。这些包括转铁蛋白受体(TFR1 并且 2 ) , ferrireductase (STEAP3 ) ,运输 ers 二价的金属 transporter-1 (DMT1 ) 和象 haemochromatosis 蛋白质, HFE 和 haemojuvelin (HJV ) 一样的 ferroportin (FPN ) ,它正在表明分子。许多也这些基因参予铁集中于肝的肽 hepcidin 的规章的小径。然而,我们开始仍然仅仅正在理解在肝之间的复杂相互作用熨运输和铁动态平衡。这评论在铁运输和铁动态平衡的规定构画出我们铁新陈代谢和他们的角色的分子的当前的知识。 | Ross M Graham Anita CG Chua Carly E Herbison John K Olynyk Debbie Trinder | 2007 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2007，13，35： | 12 |
| 4 | H2O2-Activated Up-Regulation of Glutathione in Arabidopsis Involves Induction of Genes Encoding Enzymes Involved in Cysteine Synthesis in the Chloroplast显示文摘谷胱甘肽在对 H2O2 的反应是在细胞的氧化还原作用动态平衡并且,因此的一个关键播放器,但是调整激活氧化的谷胱甘肽合成的因素仍然是不清楚的。我们在有条件的 Arabidopsis 过氧化氢酶缺乏的异种(cat2 ) 调查了导致 H2O2 的谷胱甘肽合成。植物为 5 在提高的 CO2 从种子被种 ? 星期,然后处于短天或长天的条件转了到空气。处于任何条件在提高的 CO2 或野类型的植物比作 cat2,到在两个光周期的空气的 cat2 的转移在小时以内引起了叶谷胱甘肽水池的可测量的氧化。氧化在随后的天继续并且被谷胱甘肽的累积伴随。这效果在在短天内转移到空气的 cat2 是更强壮的,并且没被连接到可引出的活动或涉及谷胱甘肽合成的承诺的小径的抄本编码酶的可估计的增加。相反,它被丝氨酸, O-acetylserine,和半胱氨酸的增加伴随。在代谢物的这些变化被编码腺苷 phosphosulfate reductase (4 月) 的基因的正式就职伴随,特别地, APR3,以及编码 chloroplastic 的特定的丝氨酸 acetyltransferase 基因(SAT2.1 ) 坐了。标记这些基因的正式就职仅仅在处于短天的条件转移到空气的 cat2 被观察,在半胱氨酸和谷胱甘肽累积是很戏剧的的地方。不同于另外的容纳的基因,它在 cat2 显示出可以忽略的正式就职,相对许多 4 月和 SAT2.1 抄本密切为 H2O2 发信号与标记抄本被相关。一起,数据在谷胱甘肽合成的导致氧化剂的起来规定加重半胱氨酸合成的重要性并且建议叶绿体在这些情形下面做重要贡献到半胱氨酸生产。 | Guillaume Queval Dorothée Thominet Hélène Vanacker Myroslawa Miginiac-Maslow Bertrand Gakière Graham Noctor | 2009 | Molecular Plant2009，2，2： | 10 |
| 5 | Paleozoic oil–source rock correlations in the Tarim basin, NW China显示文摘 | S.C Zhang A.D Hanson J.M Moldowan S.A Graham D.G Liang E Chang F Fago | 2000 | Organic Geochemistry2000，，： | 3 |
| 6 | 聚乙二醇干扰素-α2a治疗乙型肝炎病毒感染显示文摘 1乙型肝炎概况
大多数国家都已推荐采用乙型肝炎(乙肝)疫苗进行广泛性免疫预防,但乙肝仍然是一个严重的全球问题.目前,全世界大约有3.6亿慢性乙型肝炎(慢乙肝)患者,其中大多数患者在亚洲,然而这种疾病在全球各地都有发生.…… | W Graham E Cooksley | 2005 | 传染病信息2005，18，z1： | 3 |
| 7 | Optimization and approximation in deterministic sequencing and scheduling:A survey显示文摘 | Graham R L Lawler E L Lenstra J K | 1979 | Annals of Discrete Mathematics1979，5，： | 2 |
| 8 | Effects of cryopreservation procedures on sperm memdranees显示文摘 | Parks J E Graham J K | 1992 | Theriogenology1992，38，： | 1 |
| 9 | Laboratory assessment of hepatic injury in the woodchuck (Marmota monax)显示文摘 | Hornbuckle W E Graham E S Roth L | 1985 | Lab Anim Sci1985，35，： | 1 |
| 10 | Optimization and approximation in deterministic sequencing and scheduling: A survey显示文摘 | Graham R L Lawler E L Lenstra J K | 1979 | Annals of Discrete Mathematics1979，5，： | 1 |
| 11 | Mouse monoclonal antibodies against potential reagents for immunoassay with constant immuno -chemical characteristics显示文摘 | Brimfiled A A Lenz D E Graham C | 1985 | J Agric Food Chem1985，33，： | 1 |
| 12 | Acute severe asthma treated by mechanical ventilation: a comparison of the changing characteristics over a 17 yr period显示文摘 | Kearney S E Graham D R Atherton S T | 1998 | Respir Med1998，92，： | 1 |
| 13 | Enzymatic/chemical analysis of dietary fiber 显示文摘 | Theander O Aman P Westedund E Graham H | 1994 | J AOAC Int1994，77，： | 1 |
| 14 | Serum retinol binding protein 4 contributes to insulin resistance in obesity and type 2 diabetes 显示文摘 | Qin Y Timothy E Graham N M | 2005 | Nature2005，436，： | 1 |
| 15 | Detrital zir- con provenance of the Late Triassic Songpan Ganzi com- plex: Sedimentary record of collision of the North and South China blocks显示文摘 | Weislogel A L Graham S A Chang E Z | 2006 | Geology2006，34，2： | 1 |
| 16 | First laboratory confirmation of salmonid alphavirus infec tion in Italy and Spain显示文摘 | Graham D A Rowley H M Fringuelli E | 2007 | J Fish Dis2007，30，9： | 1 |
| 17 | County stretches fleet budget with hook-lift hoists显示文摘 | Graham J E Hetzer J C | 1992 | Public Works1992，，9： | 1 |
| 18 | A comparison of trap type and height for capturing cerambycid beetles(Coleoptera)显示文摘 | GRAHAM E E POLAND T M MCCULLOUGH D G | 2006 | Journal of Economic Entomology2006，105，3： | 1 |
| 19 | Gemcitabine directly inhibits myeloid derived suppressor cells in BALB/e mice bearing 4TI mammary carcinoma and augments expansion of T cells from tumor-bearlng mice显示文摘 | Le HK Graham L Cha E | 2009 | Int Immunopharmaeol2009，9，78： | 1 |
| 20 | Antisense oligonucleoti- de directed to human apolipoprotein B-100 reduces lipoprotein(a) levels and oxidized phospholipids on human apolipoprotein B-100 particles in lipoprotein ( a ) transgenic mice 显示文摘 | Merki E Graham M J Mullick AE | 2008 | Circulation2008，118，7： | 1 |
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