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| 1 | 美国国立老化研究所与阿尔茨海默病协会诊断指南写作组:阿尔茨海默病源性轻度认知障碍诊断标准推荐显示文摘美国国立老化研究所(NIA)和阿尔茨海默病协会(ADA)组织了一个工作组,负责阿尔茨海默病(AD)痴呆前症状阶段——即本文所称的AD源性轻度认知障碍(MCI)的诊断标准的制订及完善。该工作组制订了以下两套标准:(1)在缺乏相应条件进行先进影像技术及脑脊液检查时,医务人员适用的核心临床标准;(2)适用于包括临床试验在内的科学研究的研究标准。后者纳入了基于影像技术及脑脊液检查的生物标志物的应用。并根据所出现的生物标志物的性质,将最终MCI诊断的确定性程度分为4个级别。而要使生物标志物有效应用于诊断,并在社区医疗服务中规范使用,尚需做大量的工作。 | McKhann GM Knopman DS Chertkow H Hyman BT Jack CR Jr Kawas CH Klunk WE Koroshetz WJ Manly JJ Mayeux R Mohs RC Morris JC Rossor MN Schehens P Carrillo MC Thies B Weintraub S Phelps CH 贾建平(译) 陆璐(译) 张逸驰(译) 黄丽黄(译) 礼媛(译) | 2012 | 中华神经科杂志2012,45,5: | 51 |
| 2 | 美国国立老化研究所与阿尔茨海默病协会诊断指南写作组:阿尔茨海默病痴呆诊断标准的推荐显示文摘由美国国立老化研究所(NIA)和阿尔茨海默病(AD)协会组织了一个工作组,负责修订1984年版AD痴呆的诊断标准。旨在确保修订后的标准具有足够的灵活性,既可供缺乏神经心理学测验、先进的影像技术和脑脊液检查措施的普通医务人员使用,也可供具备上述措施的科研、临床试验的专业研究者使用。新的标准广泛适用于各种原因的痴呆以及专门针对AD痴呆的标准,保留了1984年版标准中的“很可能的AD痴呆”的总体框架。在过去27年的经验基础上,工作组对临床诊断标准做了一些修改,保留了“可能的AD痴呆”的术语,但对其进行了更有针对性的重新定义。在科研用的“很可能的和可能的AD痴呆”的诊断标准中纳入了生物标志物证据。AD痴呆的核心临床标准仍将是临床实践中诊断的基础,但用生物标志物证据来提高AD痴呆诊断的病理生理学特异性也被人们寄予厚望。要实现AD痴呆的生物标志物诊断,还有许多工作摆在面前。 | McKhann GM Knopman DS Chertkow H Hyman BT Jack CR Jr Kawas CH Klunk WE Koroshetz WJ Manly J J Mayeux R Mohs RC Morris JC Rossor MN Scheltens P Carrillo MC Thies B Weintraub S Phelps CH 贾建平(译) 陆璐(译) 张逸驰(译) 黄丽(译) 韩阅(译) | 2012 | 中华神经科杂志2012,45,5: | 52 |
| 3 | Helicobacter pylori vacA genotypes and cagA status and their relationship to associated diseases显示文摘INTRODUCTIONHelicobacter pylori(H.pylori)is a major causativebacterium of chronic gastritis,peptic ulcer and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma in humans,andassociated with an increased risk of gastric cancer. | Hou P Tu ZX Xu GM Gong YF Ji XH Li ZS | 2000 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2000,6,4: | 27 |
| 4 | 美国国立老化研究所与阿尔茨海默病协会诊断指南写作组:对阿尔茨海默病诊断指南的推荐和介绍显示文摘背景:尽管早在1984年就制定了阿尔茨海默病(AD)的临床诊断标准,但是近年来的研究进展从未被补充到诊断标准中。因此,制定一个新的临床诊断标准已经成为大家的共识。方法:在2009年,美国国立老化研究所与AD协会组织了一系列圆桌会议,目的是讨论用于AD临床和科研的诊断标准的修订路线。经讨论后决定组建3个独立的工作组,分别制定AD在3个不同疾病发展阶段的诊断标准,即痴呆阶段、有症状的痴呆前期、无症状的临床前期。结果:修订版AD诊断标准与1984年版诊断标准有两处显著的差别:加入了能提示潜在疾病状态的生物标志物的内容;制定了不同认知障碍阶段的诊断标准。其中,3个工作组一致认为,生物标志物的诊断价值还需要更多研究来规范和验证。另外,修订版中还明确区分了仅存在AD病理生理改变(语义性)和仅存在AD临床表现(概念性)两种诊断的差别,该内容在1984年版中没有体现。结论:修订版AD诊断标准中共产生了3个文件,其中,核心的关于AD的痴呆阶段诊断标准和可归于AD的MCI阶段标准推荐用于临床诊断,而临床前期诊断标准仅推荐用于研究使用。 | Jack CR Jr Albert MS Knopman DS McKhann GM Sperling RA Carrillo MC Thies B Phelps CH 贾建平(译) 李丹(译) 閵芳菊(译) 陆璐(译) 张逸驰(译) 黄丽(译) | 2012 | 中华神经科杂志2012,45,5: | 26 |
| 5 | 先天性长QT综合征的QT间期不均一性:诊断上的意义显示文摘目的 通过分析 QTc间期在长 QT综合征 ( long QT syndrom e,L QTS)家系患者中的分布状况 ,评估 QTc值在诊断 L QTS上的意义。方法 研究对象为 KVL QT1 和 HERG基因突变形成的L QT1 和 L QT2 基因型患者。研究 2 4个 L QTS家系中 374个成员的 QTc值 ,包括 181个基因携带者 ( 83个 KVL QT1 和 98个 HERG)和 193个非基因携带者。基因携带者中男性 88人 ,女性 93人 ;非基因携带者中男性 97人 ,女性 96人。将 QTc的分布制成图表并按基因型进行比较 ,计算 QTc值诊断 L QTS的敏感性和特异性。结果 L QT1 和 L QT2 患者的 QTc范围为 0 .41~ 0 .6 2 s,非基因携带者为 0 .36~ 0 .47s。当女性 QTc≥ 0 .48s,男性 QTc≥ 0 .47s时可诊断为 L QTS。相反 ,当女性 QTc≤ 0 .41s,男性≤ 0 .40s时可排除 L QTS。QTc值在 0 .42 s至 0 .46 s之间者 ,需要进一步检查来确诊。结论 L QT1 和 L QT2基因携带者 QTc值范围较宽 ,使 QTc值正常和临界的基因携带者在诊断上较为困难 。 | Vincent GM 张莉 崔长琮 朱建国 | 2001 | 中华心律失常学杂志2001,5,1: | 24 |
| 6 | Analysis of the composition of the bacterial community in puffer fish Takifugu obscurus显示文摘 | Yang GM Bao BL Peatman E Li HR Huang LB Ren DM | 2007 | 中国生物学文摘2007,21,8: | 19 |
| 7 | Comparison of methods for total community DNA extraction and purification from compost显示文摘 | Yang ZH Xiao Y Zeng GM Xu ZY Liu YS | 2007 | 中国生物学文摘2007,21,8: | 18 |
| 8 | Improving the outcomes in gastric cancer surgery显示文摘Gastric cancer remains a significant health problem worldwide and surgery is currently the only potentially curative treatment option. Gastric cancer surgery is generally considered to be high risk surgery and fiveyear survival rates are poor,therefore a continuous strive to improve outcomes for these patients is warranted. Fortunately,in the last decades several potential advances have been introduced that intervene at various stages of the treatment process. This review provides an overview of methods implemented in pre-,intra- and postoperative stage of gastric cancer surgery to improve outcome. Better preoperative risk assessment using comorbidity index(e.g.,Charlson comorbidity index),assessment of nutritional status(e.g.,short nutritional assessment questionnaire,nutritional risk screening- 2002) and frailty assessment(Groningen frailty indicator,Edmonton frail scale,Hopkins frailty) was introduced. Also preoperative optimization of patients using prehabilitation has future potential.Implementation of fast-track or enhanced recovery after surgery programs is showing promising results,although future studies have to determine what the exact optimal strategy is.Introduction of laparoscopic surgery has shown improvement of results as well as optimization of lymph node dissection.Hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy has not shown to be beneficial in peritoneal metastatic disease thus far.Advances in postoperative care include optimal timing of oral diet,which has been shown to reduce hospital stay.In general,hospital volume,i.e.,centralization,and clinical audits might further improve the outcome in gastric cancer surgery.In conclusion,progress has been made in improving the surgical treatment of gastric cancer.However,gastric cancer treatment is high risk surgery and many areas for future research remain. | Juul JW Tegels Michiel FG De Maat Karel WE Hulsewé Anton GM Hoofwijk Jan HMB Stoot | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014,20,38: | 16 |
| 9 | Leaf orientation, photorespiration and xanthophyll cycle protect young soybean leaves against high irradiance in field显示文摘 | Jiang, CD Gao, HY Zou, Q Jiang, GM Li, LH | 2006 | 中国生物学文摘2006,20,2: | 12 |
| 10 | 小麦与褐斑病菌之间的分子互作──Ⅱ.受病原菌诱导的寄主抗性蛋白的研究显示文摘采用SDS-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳及双向电泳技术对小麦抗、感品系在接种褐斑病菌(Ptr)86-124小种后24,48,72h叶片细胞间洗脱液的蛋白质进行了系统的动态研究。结果表明,寄主植物在受到病原物侵染后,22种病原相关蛋白(PR)被诱导合成,接种后48h,PR蛋白的表达量达最大值,72h后相应减少。其中20种组分在抗、感品系间的表达动态没有差异。Western杂交分析证明,其中有7种为β-1,3-葡聚糖酶,4种为几丁酶,1种为PR-1蛋白,属非特异性抗性反应。研究还发现pI5.2、22kd和pI6.6、19kd的两种蛋白仅在感病品系内被诱导合成,与特异抗性反应有关。从凝胶中回收了这两种组分,并完成其氨基酸序列分析。 | 郑用琏 Ball.,GM | 1994 | 华中农业大学学报1994,13,4: | 10 |
| 11 | FREDDY激光器的碎石效率的体外分析显示文摘背景和目的 双频双脉冲Nd :Yag(FREDDY)激光 (德国W .O .M .公司生产 )是一个短脉冲 ,双频率 ( 5 3 2nm和 10 64nm)的固体激光器。该激光器功率小 ,成本低 ,目前已在腔内碎石术中得到应用。我们设计了一个试验 ,以测试在不同能量和不同频率下的碎石效率。材料和方法 40个预先称过重量的硫酸钙石头被分成 4组 ,在 5Hz和 10Hz情况下 ,分别碎石 2min和 4min。一个水下的试验装置包括一个支架和一个容器 ,使得石英玻璃光纤可以直接抵住石头 ,发射激光。光纤被剥离成直径为 2 80 μm的裸露光纤 ,以保证最佳的能量传输。碎石完成后 ,所有的残余颗粒都落在容器内 ,晾干 48小时后 ,再重新称重 ,根据重量缺失的百分比来测试碎石效果。结果 5Hz时 ,碎石 2min的重量缺失为 2 4%;碎石 4min的重量缺失为 5 4%。 10Hz时 ,碎石 2min的情况与 5Hz时碎石 4min的结果相似 ,重量缺失为 5 1%;碎石 4min的重量缺失为 64 %,原先估计这么高的能量设置 ,重量缺失应该更大些。在高能量发射时 ,可以观察到光纤有损耗 ,这可能是导致碎石效率下降的原因。结论 FREDDY激光器在 5Hz时碎石 4min ,和在 10Hz时碎石 2min的效率是同等的 ,提示传输到结石的能量与碎石效率的相关性很好。而 10Hz、4min组的碎石效率比预期的略有下降 ,? | Delvecchio FC Auge BK Brizuela RM Weizer AZ Zhong P Preminger GM | 2004 | 国外医学(泌尿系统分册)2004,24,4: | 10 |
| 12 | 妊娠期高血压疾病对远期心血管病的影响显示文摘对妇女妊娠期高血压疾病(hypertensive disorder of pregnancy,HDP)史的研究,可能有助于改善动脉粥样硬化性心血管病的风险评估。但是,有HDP既往史的中年无症状妇女在未来患心血管病的风险仍未知。该研究旨在探讨有或无HDP既往史的中年女性心血管病的远期发病率。纳入标准:在前瞻性、观察性英国生物资料库中,纳入40~69岁并至少有一活产的英国妇女,对其中一亚组妇女进行了无创性动脉硬度测量。 | 周卫(译) 叶鹏(摘、审校) Honigberg MC Zekavat SM Aragam K Klarin D Bhatt DL Scott NS Peloso GM Natarajan P | 2020 | 中华高血压杂志2020,28,2: | 6 |
| 13 | 产房复苏时的胸外按压和正压通气显示文摘新生儿心肺复苏(cardiopulmonary resuscitation,CPR)重点在于纠正低氧血症和增加冠状动脉及体循环灌注压。如何优化胸外按压和正压通气的临床数据有限。动物模型及人体模型研究建议按压-通气(compression-to-ventilation ratio,C∶V)比例是3∶1,这一比例胸外按压可改善通气,纠正低氧血症。 | 岳丽琴 虞人杰 Solevag AL Cheung PY Schmolzer GM | 2015 | 中国新生儿科杂志2015,30,4: | 4 |
| 14 | 颈总动脉内径与心血管事件及死亡风险研究:4项队列研究的汇总分析显示文摘颈动脉内径增加是动脉重构的表现,且可能是心血管病的危险因素。研究者评估颈动脉内径与脑卒中、冠状动脉性心脏病、心血管病及全因死亡的关系,并探讨与血压有关的中膜增厚、动脉僵硬、动脉壁应力及动脉硬化等动脉重构过程能否解释此关系。 | Sedaghat S van Sloten TT Laurent S London GM Pannier Kavousi M Mattace-Raso F Franco OH Boutouyrie P Ikram MA Stehouwer CDA 赵狄 练桂丽 | 2018 | 中华高血压杂志2018,26,7: | 4 |
| 15 | White Haven和Rockport隧道的改扩建显示文摘两座美国内战期间修建的铁路隧道需要增大净空。无论是施工隐患还是冰害堆积引起的侵占净空都将降低隧道的服务性,而增大净空意味着对地层和旧有地导以支持结构产生干扰,由于要进入隧道和进行运输,因而需求说明以何种方式和何时才能进行这项改扩建工作,而且这对承包商所采用的方法会产生很大影响。本文阐述了业主,设计者,现场调查组和成功完成工程的承包商们的种种考虑。 | Elli.,GM 兰利敏 | 1999 | 隧道及地下工程1999,20,1: | 4 |
| 16 | 柳州市看护者教育水平与饮食方式对学前儿童缺铁的影响显示文摘缺铁是世界上营养失调的最常见原因,且是唯一在发展中国家和工业化国家都十分流行的营养缺乏现象[1]。当一个人的铁储量被耗尽且血红素形成减缓,就会出现缺铁。缺铁性贫血是铁耗尽的严重阶段,如果没有尽早治疗,缺铁性贫血会导致儿童出现许多临床并发症,包括不可逆的认知功能障碍[2]和教育成效不佳[3]。 | Magvanjav O Perkins DD Lilienthal GM Kopsombut UG 周丽芳 白娟 张永 | 2016 | 中国学校卫生2016,37,2: | 4 |
| 17 | 东洞庭湖洲滩钉螺消长规律及影响因素显示文摘目的探讨东洞庭湖区洲滩钉螺的消长规律及影响因素,为控制和消灭钉螺提供科学依据。方法选择岳阳县老港村飘尾洲为试点,收集2002~2007年6月的气象、水位资料;现场观察各年度的钉螺分布、消长及环境变化情况;分析钉螺分布的特点及其与气象、水位、环境变化的关系。结果钉螺的分布呈负二项分布,各年度的钉螺密度有一定差异,秋季钉螺密度高于春季,但差异无统计学意义(2003年例外,P>0.05)。年平均气温、湿度、累计降雨量、日照时间和水位无明显差异(P>0.05),钉螺密度和钉螺死亡率与气象因素和水位无明显相关(P>0.05),但地理环境变化和人畜活动会对钉螺的分布产生一定程度的影响。结论一般自然情况下,东洞庭湖区的气候和水位相对稳定,对洲滩钉螺的分布和消长无明显影响,影响钉螺孳生分布的主要因素是地理环境变化和人畜活动。 | 刘宗传 贺宏斌 伍卫平 石孟芝 周杰 李小钢 李飞进 Davis GM 李岳生 | 2008 | 热带病与寄生虫学2008,,2: | 4 |
| 18 | Retrospective analysis of old-age colitis in the Dutch inflammatory bowel disease population显示文摘AIM: To describe the characteristics of Dutch patients with chronic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) first diagnosed above 60 years of age-a disease also known as old-age colitis (OAC) and to highlight a condition that has a similar appearance to IBD, namely segmen- tal colitis associated with diverticular disease (SCAD). METHODS: A retrospective longitudinal survey of patient demographic and clinical characteristics, disease characteristics, diagnostic methods, management and course of disease was performed. The median follow-up period was 10 years. RESULTS: Of a total of 1100 IBD patients attending the Department of Gastroenterology, 59 (5%) [median age 82 years (range 64-101); 25 male (42%)] were identified. These patients were diagnosed with ulcerative colitis (n = 37, 61%), Crohn’s disease (n = 14, 24%), and indeterminate colitis (n = 8, 15%). Remission was induced in 40 (68%) patients within a median interval of 6 mo (range 1-21) and immunosuppressive therapy was well tolerated. Histological evaluation based on many biopsy samples and the course of the disease led to other diagnosis, namely SCAD instead of IBD in five (8%) patients. CONCLUSION: OAC is not an infrequent problem for the gastroenterologist, and should be considered in the evaluation of older patients with clinical featuressuggestive of IBD. Extra awareness and extensive biopsy sampling are required in order to avoid an erroneous diagnosis purely based on histological mimicry of changes seen in SCAD, when diagnosing IBD in the presence of diverticulosis coli. | Muhammed Hadithi Marcel Cazemier Gerrit A Meijer Elisabeth Bloemena Richel J Felt-Bersma Chris J Mulder Stephan GM Meuwissen Amado Salvador Pea Adriaan A van Bodegraven | 2008 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2008,14,20: | 3 |
| 19 | 母亲肥胖与子代心血管疾病的风险:一项基于人群的队列研究和同胞对照研究显示文摘母亲超重肥胖可能会增加子代肥胖、心血管疾病和代谢疾病的风险。该研究探究了母亲超重肥胖的严重程度与子代心血管疾病风险之间的关联。在这项基于人群的队列研究中,作者使用了瑞典医疗出生登记册中记录的单胎活产婴儿的数据。根据首次产前就诊时孕妇自我报告的身高和体重计算了孕早期BMI。使用多变量Cox比例风险回归来估计调整后的风险比(HRs)和95%置信区间(95%CI)。 | Razaz N Villamor E Muraca GM 马传伟(编译) 杨丽丽(编译) | 2020 | 中华预防医学杂志2020,54,12: | 3 |
| 20 | Genotype phenotype correlation in Wilson's disease within families-a report on four south Indian families显示文摘AIM: To study the genotype phenotype correlation in Wilson's disease (WD) patients within families. METHODS: We report four unrelated families from South India with nine members affected with WD. Phenotype was classified as per international consensus phenotypic classifi cation of WD. DNA was extracted from peripheral blood and 21 exons of ATP7B gene and flanking introns were amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The PCR products were screened for mutations and the aberrant products noted on screening were sequenced. RESULTS: Four separate ATP7B mutations were found in the four families. ATP7B mutations were identical amongst affected members within each family. Three families had homozygous mutations of ATP7B gene while one family had compound heterozygous mutation, of which only one mutation was identifi ed. We noted concordance between ATP7B gene mutation and Wilson's disease phenotype amongst members within each family. The age of onset of symptoms or of detection of asymptomatic disease, baseline serum ceruloplasmin and baseline urinary copper levels were also similar in affected members of each family. Minor differences in phenotype and baseline serum ceruloplasmin level were noted in one family.CONCLUSION: We report concordance between ATP7B mutation and WD phenotype within each family with > 1 member affected with WD. Homozygous ATP7B mutation was present in 3 of the 4 families studied. Our report supports allelic dominance as a determinant of WD phenotype. However, in one family with compound heterozygous mutation, there was a similar WD phenotype which suggests that there may be other factors determining the phenotype. | S Santhosh RV Shaji CE Eapen V Jayanthi S Malathi P Finny N Thomas M Chandy G Kurian GM Chandy | 2008 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2008,14,29: | 3 |