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| 1 | Update on ischemia-reperfusion injury in kidney transplantation: Pathogenesis and treatment显示文摘Ischemia/reperfusion injury is an unavoidable relevant consequence after kidney transplantation and influences short term as well as long-term graft outcome. Clinically ischemia/reperfusion injury is associated with delayed graft function, graft rejection, chronic rejection and chronic graft dysfunction. Ischemia/reperfusion affects many regulatory systems at the cellular level as well as in the renal tissue that result in a distinct inflammatory reaction of the kidney graft. Underlying factors of ischemia reperfusion include energy metabolism, cellular changes of the mitochondria and cellular membranes, initiation of different forms of cell death-like apoptosis and necrosis together with a recently discovered mixed form termed necroptosis. Chemokines and cytokines together with other factors promote the inflammatory response leading to activation of the innate immune system as well as the adaptive immune system. If the inflammatory reaction continues within the graft tissue, a progressive interstitial fibrosis develops that impacts long-term graft outcome. It is of particular importance in kidney transplantation to understand the underlying mechanisms and effects of ischemia/reperfusion on the graft as this knowledge also opens strategies to prevent or treat ischemia/reperfusion injury after transplantation in order to improve graft outcome. | Maurizio Salvadori Giuseppina Rosso Elisabetta Bertoni | 2015 | World Journal of Transplantation2015，5，2： | 43 |
| 2 | Locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma:Current and emerging treatment strategies显示文摘Although nasopharyngeal carcinoma(NPC)is a widespread malignant tumor,it is particularly frequent in Southeast Asia.Although T1 tumors can be effectively controlled with exclusive radiotherapy,this treatment modality is insufficient for most NPC patients,who present with locally advanced disease at diagnosis.In fact,for stages ranging from T2b N0 to T4 N3,definitive scientific evidence supports the use of concurrent platinum-based chemotherapy with standard external beam radiotherapy.This treatment approach has shown a statistically significant advantage in terms of overall survival,with respect to radiotherapy alone.Several trials have also investigated the use of neoadjuvant and adjuvant chemotherapy in combination with radiotherapy or chemo-radiotherapy.Platinum compounds,anthracyclines and taxanes are among the chemotherapy agents employed.This review focuses on the clinical results obtained in the field of adjuvant/concurrent/neoadjuvant chemotherapy for locally advanced NPC,for which exclusive concurrent chemo-radiotherapy currently represents the standard treatment approach. | Francesco Perri Davide Bosso Carlo Buonerba Giuseppe Di Lorenzo Giuseppina Della Vittoria Scarpati | 2011 | World Journal of Clinical Oncology2011，2，12： | 24 |
| 3 | Combined chemo-radiotherapy in locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinomas显示文摘AIM:To provide efficacy and safety data about the combined use of radiotherapy and chemo-radiotherapy in nasopharyngeal carcinoma(NPC).METHODS:We reviewed data of 40 patients with locally advanced NPC treated with induction chemotherapy followed by concomitant chemo-radiotherapy(CCRT)(22/40 patients)or CCRT alone(18/40)from March 2006 to March 2012.Patients underwent fiberoscopy with biopsy of the primitive tumor,and computed tomography scan of head,neck,chest and abdomen with and without contrast.Cisplatin was used both as induction and as concomitant chemotherapy,while 3D conformal radiation therapy was delivered to the nasopharynx and relevant anatomic regions(total dose,70 Gy).The treatment was performed using 6 MV photons of the linear accelerator administered in 2 Gy daily fraction for five days weekly.This retrospective analysis was approved by the review boards of the participating institutions.Patients gave their consent to treatment and to anonymous analysis of clinical data.RESULTS:Thirty-three patients were males and 7 were females.Median follow-up time was 58 mo(range,1-92 mo).In the sub-group of twenty patients with a follow-up time longer than 36 mo,the 3-year survival and disease free survival rates were 85%and 75%,respectively.Overall response rate both in patients treated with induction chemotherapy followed by CCRT and in those treated with CCRT alone was 100%.Grade 3 neutropenia was the most frequent acute side-effect and it occurred in 20 patients.Grade 2 mucositis was seen in 29 patients,while grade 2 xerostomia was seen in 30 patients.Overall toxicity was manageable and it did not cause any significant treatment delay.In the whole sample population,long term toxicity included grade 2 xerostomia in 22 patients,grade 1 dysgeusia in 17 patients and grade 1 subcutaneous fibrosis in 30 patients.CONCLUSION:Both CCRT and induction chemotherapy followed by CCRT showed excellent activity in locally advanced NPC.The role of adjuvant chemotherapy remains to be defined. | Francesco Perri Giuseppina Della Vittoria Scarpati Carlo Buonerba Giuseppe Di Lorenzo Francesco Longo Paolo Muto Concetta Schiavone Fabio Sandomenico Francesco Caponigro | 2013 | World Journal of Clinical Oncology2013，4，2： | 22 |
| 4 | Pancreatic metastases from renal cell carcinoma:The state of the art显示文摘Pancreatic metastases are rare,with a reported incidence varying from 1.6%to 11%in autopsy studies of patients with advanced malignancy.In clinical series,the frequency of pancreatic metastases ranges from 2%to 5%of all pancreatic malignant tumors.However,the pancreas is an elective site for metastases from carcinoma of the kidney and this peculiarity has been reported by several studies.The epidemiology,clinical presentation,and treatment of pancreatic metastases from renal cell carcinoma are known from singleinstitution case reports and literature reviews.Thereis currently very limited experience with the surgical resection of isolated pancreatic metastasis,and the role of surgery in the management of these patients has not been clearly defined.In fact,for many years pancreatic resections were associated with high rates of morbidity and mortality,and metastatic disease to the pancreas was considered to be a terminal-stage condition.More recently,a significant reduction in the operative risk following major pancreatic surgery has been demonstrated,thus extending the indication for these operations to patients with metastatic disease. | Roberto Ballarin Mario Spaggiari Nicola Cautero Nicola De Ruvo Roberto Montalti Cristina Longo Anna Pecchi Patrizia Giacobazzi Giuseppina De Marco Giuseppe D’Amico Giorgio Enrico Gerunda Fabrizio Di Benedetto | 2011 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2011，17，43： | 21 |
| 5 | Estrogens in males: what have we learned in the last 10 years?显示文摘This review focuses on the role of estrogen in men, mainly in male reproduction. The continuing increase in data obtained, and recent discoveries in this area will enable a better understanding of male physiology; these, in turn, will have important clinical implications. | Vincenzo Rochira Antonio R. M. Granata Bruno Madeo Lucia Zirilli Giuseppina Rossi Cesare Carani | 2005 | Asian Journal of Andrology2005，7，1： | 15 |
| 6 | Atherosclerosis,inflammation and Chlamydia pneumoniae显示文摘Coronary heart disease is the single most common cause of illness and death in the developed world.Coronary atherosclerosis is by far the most frequent cause of ischemic heart disease,and plaque disruption with superimposed thrombosis is the main cause of the acute coronary syndromes of unstable angina,myocardial infarction,and sudden death.Atherosclerosis is the result of a complex interaction between blood elements,disturbed flow,and vessel wall abnormality,involving several pathological processes:inflammation,with increased endothelial permeability,endothelial activation,and monocyte recruitment;growth,with smooth muscle cell proliferation,migration,and matrix synthesis;degeneration,with lipid accumulation;necrosis,possibly related to the cytotoxic effect of oxidized lipid;calcification/ossification,which may represent an active rather than a dystrophic process;and thrombosis,with platelet recruitment and fibrin formation.In this review we discuss these processes and the possible pathological effects of Chlamydia infection and the ensuing phlogosis. | Giovanni Fazio Maria Giovino Alessandro Gullotti Daniela Bacarella Giuseppina Novo Salvatore Novo | 2009 | World Journal of Cardiology2009，1，1： | 10 |
| 7 | Clinical significance of NOD2/CARD15 and Toll-like receptor 4 gene single nucleotide polymorphisms in inflammatory bowel disease显示文摘AIM: To evaluate the role of genetic factors in the pathogenesis of Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), we investigated the single nucleotide poly- morphisms (SNPs) of NOD2/CARD15 (R702W, G908R and L1007fi nsC), and Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) genes (D299G and T399I) in a selected inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) population coming from Southern Italy. METHODS: Allele and genotype frequencies of NOD2/ CARD15 (R702W, G908R and L1007finsC) and TLR4 (D299G and T399I) SNPs were examined in 133 CD pa-tients, in 45 UC patients, and in 103 healthy controls. A genotype-phenotype correlation was performed. RESULTS: NOD2/CARD15 R702W mutation was sig-nificantly more frequent in CD (9.8%) than in controls (2.4%, P = 0.001) and in UC (2.3%, P = 0.03). No sig-nificant difference was found between UC patients and control group (P > 0.05). In CD and UC patients, no signifi cant association with G908R variant was found. L1007f insC SNP showed an association with CD (9.8%) compared with controls (2.9%, P = 0.002) and UC patients (2.3%, P = 0.01). Moreover, in CD patients, G908R and L1007finsC mutations were significantly associated with different phenotypes compared to CD wild-type patients. No association of IBD with the TLR4 SNPs was found in either cohort (allele frequencies: D299G-controls 3.9%, CD 3.7%, UC 3.4%, P > 0.05; T399I-controls 2.9%, CD 3.0%, UC 3.4%, P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: These findings confirm that, in our IBD patients selected from Southern Italy, the NOD2/ CARD15, but not TLR4 SNPs, are associated with in-creased risk of CD. | Luciana Rigoli Claudio Romano Rosario Alberto Caruso Maria A Lo Presti Chiara Di Bella Vincenzo Procopio Giuseppina Lo Giudice Maria Amorini Giuseppe Costantino Maria D Sergi Caterina Cuppari Giovanna Elisa Calabrò Romina Gallizzi Carmelo Damiano Salpietro Walter Fries | 2008 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2008，14，28： | 8 |
| 8 | Optimal management of a patient with recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma显示文摘Nasopharyngeal carcinoma is rare in western countries, accounting for less than 1% of all malignancies. Despite prognosis is satisfactory for newly diagnosed, non-metastatic disease, management of recurrent disease is challenging, with a survival expectancy of approximately 6 mo with the use of chemotherapy as the sole salvage treatment. We report a case of recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma treated with a combination of chemotherapy, radiotherapy and surgery in the context of a multidisciplinary approach. A durable complete response was achieved. | Francesco Perri Italo Dell’Oca Paolo Muto Concetta Schiavone Corrado Aversa Franco Fulciniti Raffaele Solla Giuseppina Della Vittoria Scarpati Carlo Buonerba Giuseppe Di Lorenzo Francesco Caponigro | 2014 | World Journal of Clinical Cases2014，2，7： | 8 |
| 9 | Effect of infliximab on small bowel stenoses in patients with Crohn's disease显示文摘AIM: To assess prospectively small bowel stenoses in Crohn's disease (CD) patients treated with infliximab using Small Intestine Contrast Ultrasonography (SICUS). METHODS: Twenty patients (M 12, age, 42.7 ± 11.8 years), 15 of whom showed obstructive symptoms indicating the presence of small bowel stenosis, and 5 without stenosis, were treated with infliximab (5 mg/kg at wk 0, 2, 6 and 5 mg/kg every 8 wk thereafter) for steroid refractoriness, fistulizing disease, or to avoid high-risk surgery. SICUS was performed at the induction phase and at regular time intervals during the follow-up period of 34.7 ± 16.1 mo (range 7-58). Small bowel stenoses were detected by SICUS, endoscopy and MRI. RESULTS: In no case was progression of stenoses or the appearance of new ones seen. Of the 15 patients with stenosis, 5 stopped treatment after the induction phase (2 for no response, 3 for drug intolerance, one of whom showed complete regression of one stenosis). Among the remaining 10 patients, a complete regression of 8 stenoses (1 stenosis in 5 patients and 3 stenoses in one patient) was observed after 6-22 infliximab infusions. CONCLUSION: In patients with CD treated with infliximab we observed: (a) No progression of small bowel stenosis and no appearance of new ones, (b) Complete regression of 1/22 stenosis after the induction phase and of 8/15 (53.3%) stenosis after 6-22 infusionsduring maintenance therapy. | Nadia Pallotta Fausto Barberani Naima Abdulkadir Hassan Danila Guagnozzi Giuseppina Vincoli Enrico Corazziari | 2008 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2008，14，12： | 7 |
| 10 | Percutaneous electrochemotherapy in the treatment of portal vein tumor thrombosis at hepatic hilum in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma in cirrhosis: A feasibility study显示文摘AIM To treated with electrochemotherapy(ECT) a prospective case series of patients with liver cirrhosis and Vp3-Vp4- portal vein tumor thrombus(PVTT) from hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC), in order to evaluate the feasibility, safety and efficacy of this new non thermal ablative technique in those patients. METHODS Six patients(5 males and 1 female), aged 61-85 years(mean age, 70 years), four in Child-Pugh A and two in Child-Pugh B class, entered our study series. All patients were studied with three-phase computed tomography(CT), contrast enhanced ultrasound(CEUS) and ultrasound-guided percutaneous biopsy of the thrombus before ECT. All patients underwent ECT treatment(Cliniporator Vitae?, IGEA Sp A, Carpi, Modena, Italy) of Vp3-Vp4 PVTT in a single session. At the end of the procedure a post-treatment biopsy of the thrombus was performed. Scheduled follow-up in all patients entailed: CEUS within 24 h after treatment; triphasic contrastenhanced CT and CEUS at 3 mo after treatment and every six months thereafter.RESULTS Post-treatment CEUS showed complete absence of enhancement of the treated thrombus in all cases. Post-treatment biopsy showed apoptosis and necrosis of tumor cells in all cases. The follow-up ranged from 9 to 20 mo(median, 14 mo). In 2 patients, the followup CT and CEUS demonstrated complete patency of the treated portal vein. Other 3 patients showed a persistent avascular non-tumoral shrinked thrombus at CEUS and CT during follow-up. No local recurrence was observed at follow-up CT and CEUS in 5/6 patients. One patient was lost to follow-up because of death from gastrointestinal hemorrage 5 wk after ECT. CONCLUSION In patients with cirrhosis, ECT seems effective and safe for curative treatment of Vp3-Vp4 PVTT from HCC. | Luciano Tarantino Giuseppina Busto Aurelio Nasto Raffaele Fristachi Luigi Cacace Maria Talamo Catello Accardo Sara Bortone Paolo Gallo Paolo Tarantino Riccardo Aurelio Nasto Matteo Nicola Dario Di Minno Pasquale Ambrosino | 2017 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2017，23，5： | 7 |
| 11 | Mechanisms of resistance to anti-epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors in metastatic colorectal cancer显示文摘The prognosis of patients with metastatic colorectal cancer(m CRC) remain poor despite the impressive improvement of treatments observed over the last 20 years that led to an increase in median overall survival from 6 mo, with the only best supportive care, to approximately 30 mo with the introduction of active chemotherapy drugs and targeted agents. The monoclonal antibodies(mo Abs) cetuximab and panitumumab, directed against the epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR), undoubtedly represent a major step forward in the treatment of m CRC, given the relevant efficacy in terms of progression-free survival, overall survival, response rate, and quality of life observed in several phase Ⅲ clinical trials among different lines of treatment. However, the anti-EGFR mo Abs were shown only to be effective in a subset of patients. For instance, KRAS and NRAS mutations have been identified as biomarkers of resistance to these drugs, improving the selection of patients who might derive a benefit from these treatments. Nevertheless, several other alterations might affect the response to these drugs, and unfortunately, even the responders eventually become resistant by developing secondary(or acquired) resistance in approximately 13-18 mo. Several studies highlighted that the landscape of responsible alterations of both primary and acquired resistance to anti-EGFR drugs biochemically converge into MEK-ERK and PIK3CA-AKT pathways. In this review, we describe the currently known mechanisms of primary and acquired resistance to anti-EGFR mo Abs together with the various strategies evaluated to prevent, overcame or revert them. | Vincenzo Sforza Erika Martinelli Fortunato Ciardiello Valentina Gambardella Stefania Napolitano Giulia Martini Carminia della Corte Claudia Cardone Marianna L Ferrara Alfonso Reginelli Giuseppina Liguori Giulio Belli Teresa Troiani | 2016 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2016，22，28： | 6 |
| 12 | Update on immunoglobulin A nephropathy, Part I: Pathophysiology显示文摘Immunoglobulin A(Ig A) nephropathy is one of the most common glomerulonephritis and its frequency is probably underestimated because in most patients the disease has an indolent course and the kidney biopsy is essential for the diagnosis. In the last years its pathogenesis has been better identified even if still now several questions remain to be answered. The genetic wide association studies have allowed to identifying the relevance of genetics and several putative genes have been identified. The genetics has also allowed explaining why some ancestral groups are affected with higher frequency. To date is clear that IgA nephropathy is related to auto antibodies against immunoglobulin A1(IgA 1) with poor O-glycosylation. The role of mucosal infections is confirmed, but which are the pathogens involved and which is the role of Toll-like receptor polymorphism is less clear. Similarly to date whether the disease is due to the circulating immunocomplexes deposition on the mesangium or whether the antigen is already present on the mesangial cell as a 'lanthanic' deposition remains to be clarified. Finally also the link between the mesangial and the podocyte injury and the tubulointerstitial scarring, as well as the mechanisms involved need to be better clarified. | Maurizio Salvadori Giuseppina Rosso | 2015 | World Journal of Nephrology2015，4，4： | 6 |
| 13 | Role of matrix metalloproteinases in cholestasis and hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury:A review显示文摘Matrix metalloproteinases(MMPs) are a family ofproteases using zinc-dependent catalysis to break down extracellular matrix(ECM) components, allowing cell movement and tissue reorganization. Like many other proteases, MMPs are produced as zymogens, an inactive form, which are activated after their release from cells. Hepatic ischemia/reperfusion(I/R) is associated with MMP activation and release, with profound effects on tissue integrity: their inappropriate, prolonged or excessive expression has harmful consequences for the liver. Kupffer cells and hepatic stellate cells can secrete MMPs though sinusoidal endothelial cells are a further source of MMPs. After liver transplantation, biliary complications are mainly attributable to cholangiocytes, which, compared with hepatocytes, are particularly susceptible to injury and ultimately a major cause of increased graft dysfunction and patient morbidity. This paper focuses on liver I/R injury and cholestasis and reviews factors and mechanisms involved in MMP activation together with synthetic compounds used in their regulation. In this respect, recent data have demonstrated that the role of MMPs during I/R may go beyond the mere destruction of the ECM and may be much more complex than previously thought. We thus discuss the role of MMPs as an important factor in cholestasis associated with I/R injury. | Giuseppina Palladini Andrea Ferrigno Plinio Richelmi Stefano Perlini Mariapia Vairetti | 2015 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2015，21，42： | 6 |
| 14 | Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma:A comprehensive review of current and future therapeutic options显示文摘Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma(ATC)is the rarest,but deadliest histologic type among thyroid malignancies,with a dismal median survival of 3-9 mo.Even though ATC accounts for less than 2%of all thyroid tumors,it is responsible for 14%-39%of thyroid carcinoma-related deaths.ATC clinically presents as a rapidly growing mass in the neck,associated with dyspnoea,dysphagia and vocal cord paralysis.It is usually locally advanced and often metastatic at initial presentation.For operable diseases,the combination of radical surgery with adjuvant radiotherapy or chemotherapy,using agents such as doxorubicin and cisplatin,is the best treatment strategy.Cytotoxic drugs for advanced/metastatic ATC are poorly effective.On the other hand,targeted agents might represent a viable therapeutic option.Axitinib,combretastatin A4,sorafenib and imatinib have been tested in small clinical trials of ATC,with a promising disease control rate ranging from 33%to 75%.Other clinical trials of targeted therapy for thyroid carcinoma are currently ongoing.Biological agents that are under investigation include pazopanib,gefitinib and everolimus.With the very limited therapeutic armamentarium available at the present time,targeted therapy constitutes an exciting new horizon for ATC.In future,biological agents will probably represent the standard of care for this aggressive malignancy,in the same fashion as it has recently occurred for other chemo-refractory tumors,such as kidney and hepatic cancer. | Francesco Perri Giuseppe Di Lorenzo Giuseppina Della Vittoria Scarpati Carlo Buonerba | 2011 | World Journal of Clinical Oncology2011，2，3： | 5 |
| 15 | In-vehicle stereo vision system for identification of traffic conflicts between bus and pedestrian显示文摘The traffic conflict technique(TCT) was developed as 'surrogate measure of road safety' to identify near-crash events by using measures of the spatial and temporal proximity of road users.Traditionally applications of TCT focus on a specific site by the way of manually or automated supervision.Nowadays the development of in-vehicle(IV) technologies provides new opportunities for monitoring driver behavior and interaction with other road users directly into the traffic stream.In the paper a stereo vision and GPS system for traffic conflict investigation is presented for detecting conflicts between vehicle and pedestrian.The system is able to acquire geo-referenced sequences of stereo frames that are used to provide real time information related to conflict occurrence and severity.As case study,an urban bus was equipped with a prototype of the system and a trial in the city of Catania(Italy) was carried out analyzing conflicts with pedestrian crossing in front of the bus.Experimental results pointed out the potentialities of the system for collection of data that can be used to get suitable traffic conflict measures.Specifically,a risk index of the conflict between pedestrians and vehicles is proposed to classify collision probability and severity using data collected by the system.This information may be used to develop in-vehicle warning systems and urban network risk assessment. | Salvatore Caofiso Alessandro Di Graziano Giuseppina Pappalarelo | 2017 | Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition)2017，4，1： | 5 |
| 16 | Metabolic shift in liver: Correlation between perfusion temperature and hypoxia inducible factor-1α显示文摘AIM: To study at what temperature the oxygen carried by the perfusate meets liver requirements in a model of organ perfusion. METHODS: in this study, we correlated hypoxia induciblefactor(Hi F)-1α expression to the perfusion temperature and the hepatic oxygen uptake in a model of isolated perfused rat liver. Livers from Wistar rats were perfused for 6 h with an oxygenated medium at 10, 20, 30 and 37 ℃. Oxygen uptake was measured by an oxygen probe; lactate dehydrogenase activity, lactate release and glycogen were measured spectrophotometrically; bile flow was gravitationally determined; p H of the perfusate was also evaluated; Hi F-1α m RNA and protein expression were analyzed by real time-polymerase chain reaction and ELi SA, respectively. RESULTS: Livers perfused at 10 and 20 ℃ showed no difference in lactate dehydrogenase release after 6 h of perfusion(0.96 ± 0.23 vs 0.93 ± 0.09 m U/min per g) and had lower hepatic damage as compared to 30 and 37 ℃(5.63 ± 0.76 vs 527.69 ± 45.27 m U/min per g, respectively, P s < 0.01). After 6 h, tissue ATP was significantly higher in livers perfused at 10 and 20 ℃than in livers perfused at 30 and 37 ℃(0.89 ± 0.06 and 1.16 ± 0.05 vs 0.57 ± 0.09 and 0.33 ± 0.08 nmol/mg, respectively, P s < 0.01). No sign of hypoxia was observed at 10 and 20 ℃, as highlighted by low lactate release respect to livers perfused at 30 and 37 ℃(121.4 ± 12.6 and 146.3 ± 7.3 vs 281.8 ± 45.3 and 1094.5 ± 71.7 nmol/m L, respectively, P s < 0.02), and low relative Hi F-1α m RNA(0.40 ± 0.08 and 0.20 ± 0.03 vs 0.60 ± 0.20 and 1.47 ± 0.30, respectively, P s < 0.05) and protein(3.72 ± 0.16 and 3.65 ± 0.06 vs 4.43 ± 0.41 and 6.44 ± 0.82, respectively, P s < 0.05) expression.CONCLUSION: Livers perfused at 10 and 20 ℃ show no sign of liver injury or anaerobiosis, in contrast to livers perfused at 30 and 37 ℃. | Andrea Ferrigno Laura Giuseppina Di Pasqua Alberto Bianchi Plinio Richelmi Mariapia VairettiAndrea Ferrigno | 2015 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2015，21，4： | 5 |
| 17 | From the liver to the heart: Cardiac dysfunction in obese children with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease显示文摘In the last decades the prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) has increased as a consequence of the childhood obesity world epidemic. The liver damage occurring in NAFLD ranges from simple steatosis to steatohepatitis, fibrosis and cirrhosis. Recent findings reported that fatty liver disease is related to early atherosclerosis and cardiac dysfunction even in the pediatric population. Moreover, some authors have shown an association between liver steatosis and cardiac abnormalities, including rise in left ventricular mass, systolic and diastolic dysfunction and epicardial adipose tissue thickness. In this editorial, we provide a brief overview of the current knowledge concerning the association between NAFLD and cardiac dysfunction. | Anna Di Sessa Giuseppina Rosaria Umano Emanuele Miraglia del Giudice Nicola Santoro | 2017 | World Journal of Hepatology2017，9，2： | 5 |
| 18 | Giardia lamblia infection in patients with irritable bowel syndrome and dyspepsia:A prospective study显示文摘瞄准:评估兰伯氏贾第虫的流行(G。兰氏鞭毛虫属) 在有急躁的肠症候群(IBS ) 和消化不良并且到的病人的感染证实哪个是最精确的测试在这个背景诊断感染。方法:连续地由于 IBS 或消化不良的症状在 2002 年 1 月和 2003 年 12 月之间第一次出席了门诊病人肠胃病学诊所的 137 个病人被招募。所有病人经历了临床的评估,第一步的 haematology 和化学测试,为乳糜泻的血清学试金, lactose-H (2 ) 呼吸测试,腹的 ultrasonography,和 esophagogastroduodenoscopy。Helicobacter pylori 地位被评估。在有比 45 年旧的 IBS 的症状的病人,结肠镜检查也被执行。在所有病人,十二指肠的活体检视和凳子样品为 G 的 trophozoites 和包囊被检验。由几个方法的兰氏鞭毛虫属。结果:G。兰氏鞭毛虫属在 9 个病人被识别。下列诊断也被做:IBS (100/137, 73%) ,机能性消化不良(62/137, 45%) ,器官的消化不良(33/137, 24%) ,并且乳糖不耐(75/137, 55%) 。一个重要协会在贾第虫病和 H pylori 感染之间被发现(c2=6.632, OR=12.4, CI=1.5-68.1 ) 。没有症状,可靠地允许贾第虫病的识别。当十二指肠的活体检视的组织学的检查显示了低敏感时,在十二指肠的活体检视和凳子样品考试的寄生虫的直接搜索在所有情况中给了一致结果(例如, 22.2%) 。结论:在这个连续系列, G 的诊断。兰氏鞭毛虫属感染与 IBS 和消化不良说明了 6.5% 病人。如果凳子样品检查被执行,为贾第虫病的诊断的十二指肠的活体检视可能是不必要的。 | Barbara Grazioli Giovanni Matera Costanza Laratta Giuseppina Schipani Giovanni Guarnieri Ester Spiniello Maria Imeneo Andrea Amorosi Alfredo Focà Francesco Luzza | 2006 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2006，12，12： | 4 |
| 19 | Cardiovascular risk after orthotopic liver transplantation, a review of the literature and preliminary results of a prospective study显示文摘Improved surgical techniques and greater efficacy of new anti-rejection drugs have significantly improved the survival of patients undergoing orthotopic liver transplantation(OLT). This has led to an increased incidence of metabolic disorders as well as cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases as causes of morbidity and mortality in OLT patients. In the last decade, several studies have examined which predisposing factors lead to increased cardiovascular risk(i.e., age, ethnicity, diabetes, NASH, atrial fibrillation, and some echocardiographic parameters) as well as which factors after OLT(i.e., weight gain, metabolic syndrome, immunosuppressive therapy, and renal failure) are linked to increased cardiovascular mortality. However, currently, there are no available data that evaluate the development of atherosclerotic damage after OLT. The awareness of high cardiovascular risk after OLT has not only lead to the definition of new but generally not accepted screening of high risk patients before transplantation, but also to the need for careful patient follow up and treatment to control metabolic and cardiovascular pathologies after transplant. Prospective studies are needed to better define the predisposing factors for recurrence and de novo occurrence of metabolic alterations responsible for cardiovascular damage after OLT. Moreover, such studies will help to identify the timing of disease progression and damage,which in turn may help to prevent morbidity and mortality for cardiovascular diseases. Our preliminary results show early occurrence of atherosclerotic damage, which is already present a few weeks following OLT, suggesting that specific, patient-tailored therapies should be started immediately post OLT. | Giuseppina Pisano Anna L Fracanzani Lucio Caccamo Maria F Donato Silvia Fargion | 2016 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2016，22，40： | 4 |
| 20 | Probiotics as an emerging therapeutic strategy to treat NAFLD: focus on molecular and biochemical mechanisms显示文摘 | Anna Iacono Giuseppina Mattace Raso Roberto Berni Canani Antonio Calignano Rosaria Meli | 2011 | The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry2011，，8： | 4 |
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