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| 1 | Role of live microbial feed supplements with reference to anaerobic fungi in ruminant productivity: A review显示文摘To keep the concept of a safe food supply to the consumers, animal feed industries world over are showing an increasing interest in the direct-fed microbials(DFM) for improved animal performance in terms of growth or productivity. This becomes all the more essential in a situation, where a number of the residues of antibiotics and/or other growth stimulants reach in milk and meat with a number of associated potential risks for the consumers. Hence, in the absence of growth stimulants, a positive manipulation of the rumen microbial ecosystem to enhance the feedstuff utilization for improved production efficiency by ruminants has become of much interest to the researchers and entrepreneurs. A few genera of live microbes(i.e., bacteria, fungi and yeasts in different types of formulations from paste to powder) are infrequently used as DFM for the domestic ruminants. These DFM products are live microbial feed supplements containing naturally occurring microbes in the rumen. Among different DFM possibilities, anaerobic rumen fungi(ARF) based additives have been found to improve ruminant productivity consistently during feeding trials. Administration of ARF during the few trials conducted, led to the increased weight gain, milk production, and total tract digestibility of feed components in ruminants. Anaerobic fungi in the rumen display very strong cell-wall degrading cellulolytic and xylanolytic activities through rhizoid development, resulting in the physical disruption of feed structure paving the way for bacterial action. Significant improvements in the fiber digestibility were found to coincide with increases in ARF in the rumen indicating their role. Most of the researches based on DFM have indicated a positive response in nutrient digestion and methane reducing potential during in vivo and/or in vitro supplementation of ARF as DFM. Therefore, DFM especially ARF will gain popularity but it is necessary that all the strains are thoroughly studied for their beneficial properties to have a confirmed ‘generally regarded as safe' status for ruminants. | Anil K Puniya Abdelfattah Z M Salem Sanjay Kumar Sumit S Dagar Gareth W Griffith Monica Puniya Sreenivas R Ravella Nikhil Kumar Tejpal Dhewa Ravinder Kumar | 2015 | Journal of Integrative Agriculture2015，14，3： | 17 |
| 2 | Primary dysthymia:a study of several psychosocial,endocrine and immune correlates显示文摘 | Ravindran AV Griffiths J Meralin Z | 1996 | J Affect Disord1996，40，12： | 1 |
| 3 | Methionine aminopeptidase (type-2)is the common target for angiogenesis inhibitors AGM-1470 and o-valicin显示文摘 | Griffith EC Su Z Turk BE | 1997 | Chem Biol1997，4，6： | 1 |
| 4 | Molecular recognition ofan-giogenesis inhibitors fumagillin and ovalicin by methionineaminopeptidase 2 显示文摘 | Griffith EC Su Z Niwayama S | 1998 | Proc Natl Acad Sci USA1998，95，15： | 1 |
| 5 | Tumor length as a prognostic factor in esophageal malignancy:univariate and multivariate survival analyses显示文摘 | Griffiths EA Brummell Z Gorthi G | 2006 | J Surg Oncol2006，93，4： | 1 |
| 6 | UDP-glucose dehydrogenase plays multiple roles in the biology of the pathogenic fungus eryptocoecus neoformans显示文摘 | Griffith C L Stacey K J Lijuan Z | 2004 | Biological Chemistry2004，279，： | 1 |
| 7 | G-band (140 - 220 GHz) and W-band (75 -110 GHz) InP DHBT medium power amplifier 显示文摘 | PAIDI V GRIFFITH Z RODWELL M | 2005 | IEEE Traneations on Microwave Theory and Techniques2005，53，2： | 1 |
| 8 | Studies of interaction on Si(100) by photoemission spectroscopy显示文摘 | Z H Lu T K Sham K Griffiths | 1990 | Solid State Commun1990，76，： | 1 |
| 9 | Developing user-friendly spatial statistical analysis modules for GIS: An example using ArcView 显示文摘 | ZHANG Z GRIFFITH D A | 1997 | Computers environment and urban systems1997，21，1： | 1 |
| 10 | Methionine aminopeptidase(type 2) is the commontarget for angiogenesis inhibitors AGM-1470 and ovalicin显示文摘 | Griffith E C Su Z Turk B E | 1997 | Chem Chemistry & Biology1997，4，： | 1 |
| 11 | Farm animals as a putative reservoir for vancomycin-resistent enterococcal infection in man显示文摘 | BATES J JORDENS J Z GRIFFITHS D T | 1994 | Antimicrob Chemother1994，34，： | 1 |
| 12 | Integrating GIS componentsand spatial statistical analysis in DBMSs显示文摘 | ZHANG Z and GRIFFITH D 2000 | 2000 | InternationalJournal of Geographical Information Science2000，14，6： | 1 |
| 13 | Understanding the mechanism of action of poly(amidoamine)s as endosomolytic polymers: correlation of physicochemical and biological prop- erties显示文摘 | Griffiths P C Paul A Khayat Z | 2004 | Biomacromolecules2004，5，： | 1 |
| 14 | Developing user-friendly spatialstatistical analysis modules for GIS:an example using arcview显示文摘 | Zhang Z Q Griffith D A | 1997 | Computer Environment and Urban Systems1997，21，1： | 1 |
| 15 | Integrating GIS Components and Spatial-Statistical Analysis in DBMS显示文摘 | Zhang Z Q Griffith D A | 2000 | Geographical Information Science2000，14，6： | 1 |
| 16 | Interferometirc synthetic aperture sonar for hig h-resolution 3-D mapping of the seabed 显示文摘 | Griffiths H D Rafik T A Meng Z | 1997 | IEE Proc-Radar Sonar Navig1997，144，2： | 1 |
| 17 | Avian consumption and seed germination of the hemiparasitic mistletoe Agelanthus natalitius (Loran- thaceae) 显示文摘 | OKUBAMICHEAL D RASHEED M Z GRIFFITHS M E | 2011 | Journal of Ornithology2011，152，3： | 1 |
| 18 | Primary dysthymia: a study of several psychosocial, endocrine and immune correlates显示文摘 | Ravindran AV Griffiths J Meralin Z | 1996 | J Affect Disord1996，40，12： | 1 |
| 19 | Farm animals as a putative reservoir for vancomycin-resistant enteroeoccal infection in man显示文摘 | Bates J Jordens J Z Griffiths D T | 1994 | J Antimierob Chemother1994，34，： | 1 |
| 20 | Developing User-friendly Spatial-Statistical Analysis Modules for GIS:an Example Using Arc-view显示文摘 | Zhang Z Q D A Griffith | 1997 | Compute Environment and Urban Systems1997，21，1： | 1 |
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