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| 1 | Recommendations to quantify villous atrophy in video capsule endoscopy images of celiac disease patients显示文摘AIM To quantify the presence of villous atrophy in endoscopic images for improved automation.METHODS There are two main categories of quantitative descriptors helpful to detect villous atrophy:(1) Statistical and(2) Syntactic. Statistical descriptors measure the small intestinal substrate in endoscope-acquired images based on mathematical methods. Texture is the most commonly used statistical descriptor to quantify villous atrophy. Syntactic descriptors comprise a syntax, or set of rules, for analyzing and parsing the substrate into a set of objects with boundaries. The syntax is designed to identify and distinguish three-dimensional structures based on their shape.RESULTS The variance texture statistical descriptor is useful to describe the average variability in image gray level representing villous atrophy, but does not determine the range in variability and the spatial relationships between regions. Improved textural descriptors will incorporate these factors, so that areas with variability gradients and regions that are orientation dependent can be distinguished. The protrusion syntactic descriptor is useful to detect three-dimensional architectural components, but is limited to identifying objects of a certain shape. Improvement in this descriptor will require incorporating flexibility to the prototypical template, so that protrusions of any shape can be detected, measured, and distinguished.CONCLUSION Improved quantitative descriptors of villous atrophy are being developed, which will be useful in detecting subtle, varying patterns of villous atrophy in the small intestinal mucosa of suspected and known celiac disease patients. | Edward J Ciaccio Govind Bhagat Suzanne K Lewis Peter H Green | 2016 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy2016，8，18： | 3 |
| 2 | Implementation of a polling protocol for predicting celiac disease in videocapsule analysis显示文摘AIM: To investigate the presence of small intestinal villous atrophy in celiac disease patients from quantitative analysis of videocapsule image sequences.METHODS: Nine celiac patient data with biopsy-proven villous atrophy and seven control patient data lacking villous atrophy were used for analysis. Celiacs had biopsy-proven disease with scores of Marsh Ⅱ-Ⅲ C except in the case of one hemophiliac patient. At four small intestinal levels (duodenal bulb, distal duodenum, jejunum, and ileum), video clips of length 200 frames (100 s) were analyzed. Twenty-four measurements were used for image characterization. These measurements were determined by quantitatively processing the videocapsule images via techniques for texture analysis, motility estimation, volumetric reconstruction using shape-from-shading principles, and image transformation. Each automated measurement method, or automaton, was polled as to whether or not villous atrophy was present in the small intestine, indicating celiac disease. Each automaton's vote was determined based upon an optimized parameter threshold level, with the threshold levels being determined from prior data. A prediction of villous atrophy was made if it received the majority of votes (≥ 13), while no prediction was made for tie votes (12-12). Thus each set of images was classified as being from either a celiac disease patient or from a control patient. RESULTS: Separated by intestinal level, the overall sensitivity of automata polling for predicting villous atrophy and hence celiac disease was 83.9%, while the specificity was 92.9%, and the overall accuracy of automata-based polling was 88.1%. The method of image transformation yielded the highest sensitivity at 93.8%, while the method of texture analysis using subbands had the highest specificity at 76.0%. Similar results of prediction were observed at all four small intestinal locations, but there were more tie votes at location 4 (ileum). Incorrect prediction which reduced sensitivity occurred for two celiac patients with Marsh type Ⅱ pattern, which is characterized by crypt hyperplasia, but normal villous architecture. Pooled from all levels, there was a mean of 14.31 ± 3.28 automaton votes for celiac vs 9.67 ± 3.31 automaton votes for control when celiac patient data was analyzed (P<0.001). Pooled from all levels, there was a mean of 9.71 ± 2.8128 automaton votes for celiac vs 14.32 ± 2.7931 automaton votes for control when control patient data was analyzed (P<0.001). CONCLUSION: Automata-based polling may be useful to indicate presence of mucosal atrophy, indicative of celiac disease, across the entire small bowel, though this must be confirmed in a larger patient set. Since the method is quantitative and automated, it can potentially eliminate observer bias and enable the detectionof subtle abnormality in patients lacking a clear diagnosis. Our paradigm was found to be more efficacious at proximal small intestinal locations, which may suggest a greater presence and severity of villous atrophy at proximal as compared with distal locations. | Edward J Ciaccio Christina A Tennyson Govind Bhagat Suzanne K Lewis Peter H Green | 2013 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy2013，5，7： | 3 |
| 3 | DNA damage induced by chronic inflammation contributes to colon carcinogenesis in mice显示文摘 | Meira Lisiane B Bugni James M Green Stephanie L Lee Chung-Wei Pang Bo Borenshtein Diana Rickman Barry H Rogers Arlin B Moroski-Erkul Catherine A McFaline Jose L Schauer David B Dedon Peter C Fox James G Samson Leona D | 2008 | Journal of Clinical Investigation2008，，7： | 2 |
| 4 | Prosthetic above-knee femoropopliteal bypass grafting: Five-year results of a randomized trial显示文摘 | Richard M Green William M Abbott Teruo Matsumoto Jock R Wheeler Normand Miller Frank J Veith Sam Money H Edward Garrett | 2000 | Journal of Vascular Surgery2000，，： | 2 |
| 5 | Higher-Order Interactions: Understanding the knowledge capacity of social groups using simplicial sets显示文摘 | Bradford R GREENING Jr Noa PINTER-WOLLMAN Nina H FEFFERMAN | 2015 | Current Zoology2015，61，1： | 2 |
| 6 | Carbon solubility in olivine:implications for upper-mantle evolution 显示文摘 | Tracy N T Green H W | 1987 | Geology1987，15，： | 2 |
| 7 | Irreducible polynomials over composite Galois fields and their applications in coding techniques显示文摘 | GREEN D H TAYLOR I S | 1974 | The Proceedings of the Institution of E lectrical Engineers1974，121，9： | 2 |
| 8 | A 12-week,open trial of donepezil hydrochloride in patients with multiple sclerosis and associated cognitive impairments显示文摘 | Tariot PN Wishart H | 2000 | J Clin Psychopharmacol2000，20，： | 1 |
| 9 | Heat shock protein70 inhibits apoptosis by preven - ring recruitment of procaspase - 9 to the Apf - 1 apoptosome显示文摘 | Becre H M Wolf B B Green D R | 2000 | Nat Cell Biol2000，2，： | 1 |
| 10 | Infrared spectroscopic investigation of hydroxyl in β-(Mg,Fe)2SiO4 and coexisting olivine: implications for mantle evolution and dynamics显示文摘 | Young T E Green H W Hofmeister A M | 1993 | Phys Chem Minerals1993，19，： | 1 |
| 11 | Studies on the structure and dynamics of the human telomeric G quadruplex by single- molecule fluorescence resonance energy transfer显示文摘 | Ying L Green JJ Li H | 2003 | Proc Natl Acad Sci USA2003，100，14： | 1 |
| 12 | Thining and opening of carbon nanotubes by oxidation using carbon dioxide 显示文摘 | Tsang S C Harris P J F Green M L H | 1993 | Nature1993，362，： | 1 |
| 13 | Ruttle stability and rutile/melt HFSE partitioinng during partial melting of hydrous basalt:implications for TTG genesis显示文摘 | Xiong X L Adam J Green T H | 2005 | Chemical Geology2005，218，： | 1 |
| 14 | Studies on soil physics:flow of air and water through soils显示文摘 | Green W H Ampt G A | 1911 | Agric Sci1911，4，1： | 1 |
| 15 | Three clonal types of keratinocyte with different capacities for multiplication显示文摘 | Barrandon Y Green H | 1987 | Proc Natl Acad Sci USA1987，84，8： | 1 |
| 16 | Giant magnetoresistance in La1-xSrxMnO2 films near room temperature 显示文摘 | JU H L K WON C LI Q GREENE R L VENKATESAN T | 1994 | Appl Phys Lett1994，65，16： | 1 |
| 17 | Population studies of Trichodermaharzianum and Pythium spp and biological control of damping - off and root rot of cucumber in peat following substrate amendment with oatmeal显示文摘 | Green H Jensen D F | 1992 | Bulletin Oilbsrop1992，15，1： | 1 |
| 18 | Water and Solutions at Negative Pressure: Raman Spectroscopic Study to - 80 Megapascals显示文摘 | Green J L Durben D J Wolf G H | | Science0，249，4969： | 1 |
| 19 | Pharmacogenetic stud- ies of Paclitaxel in the treatment of ovarian cancer 显示文摘 | Green H Soderkvist P Rosenberg P | 2009 | Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol2009，104，： | 1 |
| 20 | The soil and water assessment tools: historical development, ap- plications, and future research directions显示文摘 | Gassman P W Reyes M R Green C H | 2007 | Transac- tions of the ASABE2007，50，4： | 1 |
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