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| 1 | Influence of serum from liver-damaged rats on differentiation tendency of bone marrow-derived stem cells显示文摘AIM: Recent studies in both rodents and humans indicated that bone marrow (BM)-derived stem cells were able to home to the liver after they were damaged and demonstrated plasticity in becoming hepatocytes. However, the question remains as to how these stem cells are activated and led to the liver and where the signals initiating the mechanisms of activation and differentiation of stem cells originate. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of serumfrom liver-damaged rats on differentiation tendency of bone marrow-derived stem cells.METHODS: Serum samples were collected from rats treated with a 2-acetylaminofluorene (2-AAF)/carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) program for varying time points and then used as stimulators of cultured BM stem cells. Expression of M2- and L-type isozymes of rat pyruvate kinase, albumin as well as integrin-β1 were then examined by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) to estimate the differentiation state of BM stem cells.RESULTS: Expression of M2-type isozyme of pyruvate kinase (M2-PK), a marker of immature hepatocytes, was detected in each group stimulated with experimental serum, but not in controls including mature hepatocytes, BM stem cells without serum stimulation, and BM stem cells stimulated with normal control serum. As a marker expressed in the development of liver, the expression signal of integrin-131 was also detectable in each group stimulated with experimental serum. However, expression of L-type isozyme of pyruvate kinase (L-PK) and albumin, marker molecules of mature hepatocytes, was not detected in groups stimulated with experimental serum.CONCLUSION: Under the influence of serum from rats with liver failure, BM stem cells begin to differentiate along a direction to hepatoo/te lineage and to possess some featuresof immature hepatocytes. | HaiHong Jian-ZhiChen FengZhou LingXue Guo-QiangZhao | 2004 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2004，10，15： | 27 |
| 2 | Generation of cytotoxic T cell against HBcAg using retrovirally transduced dendritic cells显示文摘AIM: Cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) play an important role in resolving HBV infection. In the present study, we attempted to evaluate the efficiency of bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (DCs) transduced with recombinant retroviral vector bearing hepatitis B virus (HBV) core gene and the capability of generating CTLs against HBcAg by genetically modified DCs in vivo.METHODS: A retroviral vector containing HBV core gene was constructed. Replicating DC progenitor of C57BL/6 mice was transduced by retroviral vector and continually cultured in the presence of recombinant mouse granulocytemacrophage colony-stimulating factor (rmGM-CSF) and interleukin-4(IL-4) for 6 days. LPS was added and cultured for additional two days. The efficiency of gene transfer was determined by PCR, Western blot and FACS. Transduced DCs immunized C57BL/6 mice subcutaneously 2 times at an oneweek interval. Intracellular IFN-γ and IL-4 of immunized mice lymphocytes were analyzed. Generation of CTLs in lymphooytes stimulated with mitomycin C-treated EL4-C cell which stably expresses HBcAg was determined by LDH release assays.RESULTS: Recombinant retroviral expression vector (pLCSN) was positively detected by PCR as well as enzyme digestion with EcoRI and BamH I. Retroviruses were generated by pLCSN transfection packing cell and the virus titer was 3x10s CFU/ml. Indirect immunofluorescence and FACS showed that HBV core gene was expressed in murine fibroblasts. Transduced bone marrow cells had capability of differentiating into DCsc in vitro in the presence of rmGMCSF and rmIL-4. The result of PCR showed that HBV core gene was integrated into the genome of transduced DCs.Western blot analysis showed that HBV core gene was expressed in DCs. The transduction rate was 28 % determined by FACS. Retroviral transduction had no influence on DCs expressions of CD80 and MHC class Ⅱ. HBcAg specific CTLs and Th1 type immune responses could be generated in the mice by using transduced DCs as antigen presenting cells (APCs).CONCLUSION: Retroviral transduction of myeloid DCs progenitors expresses efficiently HBcAg, and genetically modified DCs evoke a higher CTLs response than HBcAg in vivo. | Chuan-LinDing KunYao Tian-TaiZhang FengZhou LinXu Jiang-YingXu | 2003 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2003，9，7： | 18 |
| 3 | Review on mechanism and process of surface polishing using lasers显示文摘Laser polishing is a technology of smoothening the surface of various materials with highly intense laser beams. When these beams impact on the material surface to be polished, the surface starts to be melted due to the high temperature. The melted material is then relocated from the ‘peaks to valleys’ under the multidirectional action of surface tension. By varying the process parameters such as beam intensity, energy density, spot diameter, and feed rate, different rates of surface roughness can be achieved. High precision polishing of surfaces can be done using laser process. Currently, laser polishing has extended its applications from photonics to molds as well as bio-medical sectors. Conventional polishing techniques have many drawbacks such as less capability of polishing freeform surfaces, environmental pollution, long processing time, and health hazards for the operators. Laser polishing on the other hand eliminates all the mentioned drawbacks and comes as a promising technology that can be relied for smoothening of initial topography of the surfaces irrespective of the complexity of the surface. Majority of the researchers performed laser polishing on materials such as steel, titanium, and its alloys because of its low cost and reliability. This article gives a detailed overview of the laser polishing mechanism by explaining various process parameters briefly to get a better understanding about the entire polishing process. The advantages and applications are also explained clearly to have a good knowledge about the importance of laser polishing in the future. | Arun KRISHNAN Fengzhou FANG | 2019 | Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering2019，14，3： | 15 |
| 4 | Community-based survey of HCV and HIV coinfection in injection drug abusers in Sichuan Province of China显示文摘AIM: To investigate the prevalence and risk factors of HCV/HIV coinfection in injection drug abusers (IDAs) in Lianshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture of Sichuan province, China. METHODS: From November 8, 2002 to November 29, 2002, a community-based survey was conducted to investigate the demographic characteristics, patterns of shared injectors devices and sexual behaviors in IDAs. Blood samples were also collected to test HCV and HIV infection. A total of 379 subjects were recruited in the study through community outreach and peer recruiting methods. RESULTS: Of the 379 IDAs, the HCV prevalence and HIV prevalence were 71.0% and 11.3%, respectively, and HCV/HIV coinfection was 11.3%. HCV infection was found in 100% and 67.3% of HIV-positive and HIV-negative IDAs, respectively. HIV prevalence was 16.0% in HCV positive IDAs while none of the HCV negative IDAs was positive for HIV. Ethnicity, shared needles or syringes and cotton in the past 3 mo and syphilis infection were associated with HCV/HIV coinfection shown by univariate analysis using chi-square test. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that shared needles or syringes in the past 3 mo (Odds ratio=3.121, 95% CI: 1.278-7.617, P<0.05) and syphilis infection (Odds ratio=2.914, 95% CI: 1.327-6.398, P<0.01) were significantly associated with HCV infection. No statistically significant association was found in univariate analysis between sexual behaviors and HCV/HIV coinfection. CONCLUSION: Shared needles and syringes in the past 3 mo and syphilis infection were significantly associated with HCV infection. Further sero-epidemiological prospective cohort studies should be conducted to clarify the impact of syphilis and high risk sexual behaviors on HCV transmission through unprotected sexual intercourse. | Yu-HuaRuan Kun-XueHong Shi-ZhuLiu Yi-XinHe FengZhou Guan-MingQin Kang-LinChen HuiXing Jian-PingChen Yi-MingShao | 2004 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2004，10，11： | 15 |
| 5 | Atomic and Close-to-Atomic Scale Manufacturing:A Review on Atomic Layer Removal Methods Using Atomic Force Microscopy显示文摘Manufacturing at the atomic scale is the next generation of the industrial revolution.Atomic and close-to-atomic scalemanufacturing(ACSM)helps to achieve this.Atomic force microscopy(AFM)is a promising method for this purposesince an instrument to machine at this small scale has not yet been developed.As the need for increasing the number ofelectronic components inside an integrated circuit chip is emerging in the present-day scenario,methods should be adoptedto reduce the size of connections inside the chip.This can be achieved using molecules.However,connecting moleculeswith the electrodes and then to the external world is challenging.Foundations must be laid to make this possible for thefuture.Atomic layer removal,down to one atom,can be employed for this purpose.Presently,theoretical works are beingperformed extensively to study the interactions happening at the molecule-electrode junction,and how electronic transportis affected by the functionality and robustness of the system.These theoretical studies can be verified experimentally only if nano electrodes are fabricated.Silicon is widely used in the semiconductor industry to fabricate electronic components.Likewise,carbon-based materials such as highly oriented pyrolytic graphite,gold,and silicon carbide find applications inthe electronic device manufacturing sector.Hence,ACSM of these materials should be developed intensively.This paperpresents a review on the state-of-the-art research performed on material removal at the atomic scale by electrochemical andmechanical methods of the mentioned materials using AFM and provides a roadmap to achieve effective mass productionof these devices. | Paven Thomas Mathew Brian J.Rodriguez Fengzhou Fang | 2020 | Nanomanufacturing and Metrology2020，3，3： | 9 |
| 6 | Atomic and close-to-atomic scale manufacturing: perspectives and measures显示文摘This article presents the three paradigms of manufacturing advancement:Manufacturing I,craft-based manufacturing by hand,as in the Stone,Bronze,and Iron Ages,in which manufacturing precision was at the millimeter scale;ManufacturingⅡ,precision-controllable manufacturing using machinery whereby the scales of material removal,migration,and addition were reduced from millimeters to micrometers and even nanometers;and Manufacturing Ⅲ,manufacturing objectives and processes are directly focused on atoms,spanning the macro-through the micro-to the nanoscale,whereby manufacturing is based on removal,migration,and addition at the atomic scale,namely,atomic and close-to-atomic scale manufacturing(ACSM).A typical characteristic of ACSM is that energy directly impacts the atom to be removed,migrated,and added.ACSM,as the next generation of manufacturing technology,will be employed to build atomic-scale features for required functions and performance with the capacity of mass production.It will be the leading development trend in manufacturing technology and will play a significant role in the manufacturing of high-end components and future products. | Fengzhou Fang | 2020 | International Journal of Extreme Manufacturing2020，2，3： | 6 |
| 7 | Generalized adaptive subspace detector for range-Doppler spread target with high resolution radar显示文摘A generalized adaptive subspace detector for range-Doppler spread target(RDST-GASD)in the non-Gaussian clutter is derived in this paper.The subspace model of multi-pulse wideband radar target returns is established in the frequency-slow time domain.The clutters are modeled as nonhomogeneous spherically invariant random vectors(SIRVs);that is,the power of the clutter is different from one range cell to another.The clutter covariance matrix is estimated with the secondary data.The constant false alarm rate(CFAR)property of RDST-GASD with respect to both the power and the covariance matrix of the clutter is demonstrated theoretically.Considering that there is target range walking across range cells during a coherent processing interval(CPI)for wideband radar,the RDST-GASD does range alignment to the multiple returns of the target in a CPI.As a result,the coherent integration is implemented and the detection performance is improved. | DAI FengZhou LIU HongWei WU ShunJun | 2011 | Science China(Information Sciences)2011，54，1： | 6 |
| 8 | Atomic and close-to-atomic scale manufacturing A trend inmanufacturing development显示文摘Manufacturing is the foundation of a nation'seconomy. It is the primary industry to promote economicand social development. To accelerate and upgrade China'smanufacturing sector from "precision manufacturing" to"high-performance and high-quality manufacturing", anew breakthrough should be found in terms of achieving a"leap-frog development". Unlike conventional manufac-turing, the fundamental theory of "Manufacturing 3.0" isbeyond the scope of conventional theory; rather, it is basedon new principles and theories at the atomic and/or close-to-atomic scale. Obtaining a dominant role at theinternational level is a strategic move for China's progress. | Fengzhou FANG | 2016 | Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering2016，11，4： | 6 |
| 9 | Recent Progress in Surface Integrity Research and Development显示文摘1.Introduction Surface integrity has great significance for the quality and performance of machined components,and has therefore been increasingly recognized by industry.In particular,within certain industries that require high reliability,such as the aerospace industry,surface integrity is one of the most relevant indexes used to evaluate the quality of machined parts.Thus,obtaining updated knowledge on surface integrity is of great interest to both the academic community and industry[1]. | Fengzhou Fang Chunyang Gu Ran Hao Kaiyuan You Siyu Huang | 2018 | Engineering2018，4，6： | 5 |
| 10 | MD simulation of nanometric cutting of copper with and without water lubrication显示文摘Three-dimensional molecular dynamics(MD)simulation was carried out to understand the mechanism of water lubrication in nanometric cutting.The water-lubricated cutting was compared with the dry cutting process in terms of lattice deformation,cutting force,heat and pressure distribution,and machined surface integrity.It was found that water molecules effectively reduce the friction between the tool and workpiece,the heat in the cutting zone and the pressure being generated on the tool surface,thus leading to prolonged tool life.Water molecules also enlarged the pressure-affected area,which decreased the roughness of the machined surface. | CHEN YunHui HAN Huang FANG FengZhou HU XiaoTang | 2014 | Science China(Technological Sciences)2014，57，6： | 5 |
| 11 | Tribological Performance of Bioimplants: A Comprehensive Review显示文摘Total joint replacements(TJR) have been a huge success for orthopaedic surgery in the past century and are gaining increasing importance today due to the aging population. However, the short longevity of artificial joints is one of the major problems in bioimplant industry and needs to be rectified since an increasing number of young people, with more active lifestyles, must receive TJR. Wear mechanisms are discussed in this paper to describe the root causes of the failures and to give some general ideas to increase the lifespan of artificial joints. The suitable material combination is of great importance for the wear resistance of bioimplants, and bioceramics will exert a crucial effect in their future progress. Other materials, such as metal alloys and polymers, are also discussed in this paper. Surface finish is another factor affecting the tribological performance of bioimplants. In recent years, surface texture technology has fascinated many researchers, and a good design of texture pattern requires a comprehensive understanding of wear mechanisms, material properties, and dynamic fluid theory. This review also covers a summary of in vitro wear tests, including simulators, lubricant, and testing parameters. | Gang Shen Fengzhou Fang Chengwei Kang | 2018 | Nanotechnology and Precision Engineering2018，1，2： | 4 |
| 12 | Study of nanoscratching of polymers by using molecular dynamics simulations显示文摘Molecular dynamic simulations are performed to study the nanoscratching behavior of polymers.The effects of scratching depth,scratching velocity and indenter/polymer interaction strength are investigated.It is found that polymer material in the scratching zone around the indenter can be removed in a ductile manner as the local temperature in the scratching zone exceeds glass transition temperature Tg.The recovery of polymer can be more significant when the temperature approaches or exceeds Tg.The tangential force,normal force and friction coefficient increase as the scratching depth increases.A larger scratching velocity leads to more material deformation and higher pile-up.The tangential force and normal force are larger for a larger scratching velocity whereas the friction coefficient is almost independent of the scratching velocities studied.It is also found that stronger indenter/polymer interaction strength results in a larger tangential force and friction coefficient. | YUAN DanDan ZHU PengZhe FANG FengZhou QIU Chen | 2013 | Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy)2013，56，9： | 4 |
| 13 | Functional polymorphisms of circadian positive feedback regulation genes and clinical outcome of Chinese patients with resected colorectal cancer显示文摘 | FengZhou XianliHe HanqiangLiu YongZhu TianboJin ChaoChen FalinQu YunmingLi GuoqiangBao ZhinanChen JinliangXing | 2012 | Cancer2012，，4： | 3 |
| 14 | Surface Confined Ionic Liquid——A New Stationary Phase for the Separation of Ephedrines in High-performance Liquid Chromatography显示文摘In this article, a new and effective stationary phase based on ionic liquid modified silica is first reported and used for the separation of ephedrines in high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The separation results indicate the high efficiency and reproducibility of the stationary phase. The electrostatic interaction, ion-exchange interaction between the solutes and the stationary phase are considered to attribute the effective separation. Moreover, the free silanols on the surface of the silica are effectively masked by the immobilized ionic liquid, a result of which is to decrease the non-specific absorption. | ShuJuanLIU FengZHOU XiaoHuaXIAO LiangZHAO XiaLIU ShengXiangJIANG | 2004 | Chinese Chemical Letters2004，15，9： | 3 |
| 15 | Development of surface reconstruction algorithms for optical interferometric measurement显示文摘Optical interferometry is a powerful tool for measuring and characterizing areal surface topography in precision manufacturing.A variety of instruments based on optical interferometry have been developed to meet the measurement needs in various applications,but the existing techniques are simply not enough to meet the ever-increasing requirements in terms of accuracy,speed,robustness,and dynamic range,especially in on-line or on-machine conditions.This paper provides an in-depth perspective of surface topography reconstruction for optical interferometric measurements.Principles,configurations,and applications of typical optical interferometers with different capabilities and limitations are presented.Theoretical background and recent advances of fringe analysis algorithms,including coherence peak sensing and phase-shifting algorithm,are summarized.The new developments in measurement accuracy and repeatability,noise resistance,self-calibration ability,and computational efficiency are discussed.This paper also presents the new challenges that optical interferometry techniques are facing in surface topography measurement.To address these challenges,advanced techniques in image stitching,on-machine measurement,intelligent sampling,parallel computing,and deep learning are explored to improve the functional performance of optical interferometry in future manufacturing metrology. | Dongxu WU Fengzhou FANG | 2021 | Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering2021，16，1： | 2 |
| 16 | Characterisation of a microwave induced plasma torch for glass surface modification显示文摘Microwave induced plasma torches find wide applications in material and chemical analysis.Investigation of a coaxial electrode microwave induced plasma(CE–MIP)torch is conducted in this study,making it available for glass surface modification and polishing.A dedicated nozzle is designed to inject secondary gases into the main plasma jet.This study details the adaptation of a characterisation process for CE–MIP technology.Microwave spectrum analysis is used to create a polar plot of the microwave energy being emitted from the coaxial electrode,where the microwave energy couples with the gas to generate the plasma jet.Optical emission spectroscopy analysis is also employed to create spatial maps of the photonic intensity distribution within the plasma jet when different additional gases are injected into it.The CE–MIP torch is experimentally tested for surface energy modification on glass where it creates a super-hydrophilic surface. | Adam BENNETT Nan YU Fengzhou FANG Marco CASTELLI Guoda CHEN Alessio BALLERI Takuya URAYAMA | 2021 | Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering2021，16，1： | 2 |
| 17 | Towards atomic and close-to-atomic scale manufacturing显示文摘Human beings have witnessed unprecedented developments since the 1760s using precision tools and manufacturing methods that have led to ever-increasing precision,from millimeter to micrometer,to single nanometer,and to atomic levels.The modes of manufacturing have also advanced from craft-based manufacturing in the Stone,Bronze,and Iron Ages to precisioncontrollable manufacturing using automatic machinery.In the past 30 years,since the invention of the scanning tunneling microscope,humans have become capable of manipulating single atoms,laying the groundwork for the coming era of atomic and close-to-atomic scale manufacturing(ACSM).Close-to-atomic scale manufacturing includes all necessary steps to convert raw materials,components,or parts into products designed to meet the user’s specifications.The processes involved in ACSM are not only atomically precise but also remove,add,or transform work material at the atomic and close-to-atomic scales.This review discusses the history of the development of ACSM and the current state-of-the-art processes to achieve atomically precise and/or atomic-scale manufacturing.Existing and future applications of ACSM in quantum computing,molecular circuitry,and the life and material sciences are also described.To further develop ACSM,it is critical to understand the underlying mechanisms of atomic-scale and atomically precise manufacturing;develop functional devices,materials,and processes for ACSM;and promote high throughput manufacturing. | Fengzhou Fang Nan Zhang Dongming Guo Kornel Ehmann Benny Cheung Kui Liu Kazuya Yamamura | 2019 | International Journal of Extreme Manufacturing2019，1，1： | 2 |
| 18 | Subband Implementation for Wideband Radar Clutter Suppression and Target HRRP Enhancement显示文摘 | DAI Fengzhou LIU Hongwei WU Shunjun | 2010 | Chinese Journal of Electronics2010，19，2： | 2 |
| 19 | Germanium nanopyramid arrays showing near-100% absorption in the visible regime显示文摘Solar energy is regarded as one of the most plentiful sources of renewable energy. An extraordinary light-harvesting property of a germanium periodic nanopyramid array is reported in this Letter. Both our theoretical and experimental results demonstrate that the nanopyramid array can achieve perfect broadband absorption from 500- to 800-nm wavelength. Especially in the visible regime, the experimentally measured absorption can even reach 100%. Further analyses reveal that the intrinsic antireflection effect and slow-light waveguide mode play an important role in the ultra-high absorption, which is helpful for the research and development of photovoltaic devices. | Qi Han Yongqi Fu Lei Jin Jingjing Zhao Zongwei Xu Fengzhou Fang Jingsong Gao Weixing Yu | 2015 | Nano Research2015，8，7： | 2 |
| 20 | Anisotropy-Related Machining Characteristics in Ultra-Precision Diamond Cutting of Crystalline Copper显示文摘Deformation behavior at grain levels greatly affects the machining characteristics of crystalline materials.In the present work,we investigate the influence of material anisotropy on ultra-precision diamond cutting of single crystalline and polycrystalline copper by experiments and crystal plasticity finite element simulations.Specifically,diamond turning and in situ SEM orthogonal cutting experiments are carried out to provide direct experimental evidence of the material anisotropy-dependent cutting results in terms of machined surface morphology and chip profile.Corresponding numerical simulations with the analysis of built stress further validate experimental results and reveal the mechanisms governing the material anisotropy influence.The above findings provide insight into the fabrication of ultra-smooth surfaces of polycrystalline metals by ultraprecision diamond turning. | Zhanfeng Wan Junjie Zhang Guo Li Zongwei Xu Haijun Zhang Jianguo Zhang Alexander Hartmaier Fengzhou Fang Yongda Yan Tao Sun | 2020 | Nanomanufacturing and Metrology2020，3，2： | 2 |
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