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| 1 | 改良的ABTS^+法及其在优化抗氧化活性物质提取中的应用显示文摘目的 对测定抗氧化活性的ABTS+ 法进行改良 ,以提高分析速度、降低分析成本 ,并将该方法用于水果中抗氧化活性物质提取条件的优化。方法 在酶标板上以Trolox为标准对照 ,测定抗氧化物质对预先制备的自由基ABTS+ 的清除能力。用不同浓度的乙醇和重亚硫酸钠为提取液 ,在不同的温度和溶剂 水果比条件下 ,提取水果blackcurrant中的抗氧化活性物质 ,寻找从单位重量水果中提取抗氧化活性水平较高的条件。结果 该方法的测量误差小于 0 2 ,测得的 14种标准样品的抗氧化活性与文献报道基本一致。用乙醇从水果blackcurrant中提取抗氧化活性物质的条件为 :在 17℃上下、每克水果用 2 0毫升、6 7%左右浓度的乙醇进行提取。而用重亚硫酸钠从水果blackcurrant中提取抗氧化活性物质的条件为 :在 30℃上下、每克水果用2 0毫升、30 0mg L左右浓度的重亚硫酸钠进行提取。结论 改良的ABTS+ 法测定物质的抗氧化活性 ,方法简便可行 ,可用于优化抗氧化活性物质的提取 。 | 韩光亮 李翠梅 Eduardo Cacace G Mazza 杨晓光 | 2004 | 卫生研究2004，33，5： | 53 |
| 2 | 利用沉积记录精确约束印度-亚洲大陆碰撞时间与过程显示文摘精确约束印度-亚洲初始碰撞时间对于认识喜马拉雅造山过程、青藏高原隆升机制及其对环境、气候和生物的效应具有重要的意义.本文基于对西藏雅鲁藏布缝合带两侧沉积记录的研究,对印度-亚洲大陆初始碰撞时间研究进行了总结和评述,探讨了印度-亚洲大陆初始碰撞的穿时性,重建了大陆碰撞的沉积演化.在接受以大陆间洋壳消失、陆壳-陆壳初始接触作为初始碰撞定义的前提下,利用两种方法:(1)缝合带附近深水浊积岩物源区由印度物源向亚洲物源转变的时间,(2)喜马拉雅欠充填前陆盆地启动在缝合带两侧造成的沉积环境突变或不整合的时间,精确限定印度-亚洲大陆初始碰撞时间为古新世中期((5 9±1)Ma).从喜马拉雅造山带来看,真正的初始碰撞时间比正常海相沉积结束要早20~25Ma,而磨拉石出现比初始碰撞要晚30~40Ma.基于特提斯喜马拉雅古近系沉积记录,印度-亚洲大陆初始碰撞在喜马拉雅中部和西部不存在明显的穿时性.本文从喜马拉雅地区的沉积记录角度出发,将喜马拉雅造山作用划分为四个阶段:(1)始喜马拉雅初始阶段,古新世中期-早始新世(59~52Ma),初始碰撞发生,同碰撞盆地存在深海环境,印度大陆一侧发育碳酸盐缓坡;(2)始喜马拉雅早期阶段,始新世早-中期(52~41Ma或35Ma),以发育残留的浅海沉积为特征,新特提斯海湾自西向东逐渐消亡;(3)始喜马拉雅晚期阶段,始新世末期-渐新世(41~26Ma),整个喜马拉雅和藏南地区缺乏沉积作用;(4)新喜马拉雅早期阶段,渐新世末期-早中新世(2 6~17Ma),喜马拉雅隆升,陆相磨拉石快速堆积,沿缝合带东西向发育雅鲁藏布江和印度斯河. | 胡修棉 王建刚 安慰 Eduardo GARZANTI 李娟 | 2017 | 中国科学:地球科学2017，47，3： | 38 |
| 3 | 千年气候模拟与中国东部温度重建序列的比较研究显示文摘利用全球海气耦合气候模式ECHO-G进行的1000年长时间积分气候模拟试验与中国东部区域温度重建资料作对比, 以验证ECHO-G模拟中国区域气候的能力, 并探讨近千年来中国区域气候变化的原因. 重建资料是中国东部地区(25°~40°N, 105°E 以东)1000年来分辨率为30年的冬半年温度距平变化序列. 模拟试验以随时间变化的有效太阳辐射、CO2浓度和CH4浓度场为外强迫, 从1000年开始积分至1990年. 结果表明: 重建和模拟结果的相关系数为0.37, 置信度为97.5%. 模拟和重建结果均反映出了1000~1300年的中世纪暖期、1300~1850年的小冰期和1900年之后的升温期. 对于1300~1850年的小冰期和1900年之后的升温期, 模拟和重建的正负距平基本一致, 尤其是1670~1710年Maunder太阳黑子最小期时, 模拟和重建值都达到了温度低谷, 且无位相差异. 但对1000~1300年的中世纪暖期, 模拟与重建资料存在显著差异, 这与重建资料质量降低有关. 模拟的变幅(1.62 K)略小于重建值(2.0 K),但两者具有较好的可比性. 模拟结果的诊断分析表明, 在1000年尺度上, 太阳辐射和火山活动是控制全球和区域温度变化的主要因子, 而在最近百年尺度上, 温室气体含量的变化对快速增温起着更为重要的作用. | 刘健 Hans von Storch 陈星 Eduardo Zorita 郑景云 王苏民 | 2005 | 科学通报2005，50，20： | 34 |
| 4 | Constraining the timing of the India-Asia continental collision by the sedimentary record显示文摘Placing precise constraints on the timing of the India-Asia continental collision is essential to understand the successive geological and geomorphological evolution of the orogenic belt as well as the uplift mechanism of the Tibetan Plateau and their effects on climate,environment and life.Based on the extensive study of the sedimentary record on both sides of the Yarlung-Zangbo suture zone in Tibet,we review here the present state of knowledge on the timing of collision onset,discuss its possible diachroneity along strike,and reconstruct the early structural and topographic evolution of the Himalayan collided range.We define continent-continent collision as the moment when the oceanic crust is completely consumed at one point where the two continental margins come into contact.We use two methods to constrain the timing of collision onset:(1) dating the provenance change from Indian to Asian recorded by deep-water turbidites near the suture zone,and(2) dating the age of unconformities on both sides of the suture zone.The first method allowed us to constrain precisely collision onset as middle Palaeocene(59±l Ma).Marine sedimentation persisted in the collisional zone for another 20-25 Ma locally in southern Tibet,and molassic-type deposition in the Indian foreland basin did not begin until another 10-15 Ma later.Available sedimentary evidence failed to firmly document any significant diachroneity of collision onset from the central Himalaya to the western Himalaya and Pakistan so far.Based on the Cenozoic stratigraphic record of the Tibetan Himalaya,four distinct stages can be identified in the early evolution of the Himalayan orogen:(1) middle Palaeocene-early Eocene earliest Eohimalayan stage(from 59 to 52 Ma):collision onset and filling of the deep-water trough along the suture zone while carbonate platform sedimentation persisted on the inner Indian margin;(2) early-middle Eocene early Eohimalayan stage(from 52 to 41 or 35 Ma):filling of intervening seaways and cessation of marine sedimentation;(3) late Eocene-Oligocene late Eohimalayan stage(from 41 to 25 Ma):huge gap in the sedimentary record both in the collision zone and in the Indian foreland;and(4) late Oligocene-early Miocene early Neohimalayan stage(from 26 to 17 Ma):rapid Himalayan growth and onset of molasse-type sedimentation in the Indian foreland basin. | HU XiuMian WANG JianGang AN Wei Eduardo GARZANTI LI Juan | 2017 | Science China Earth Sciences2017，60，4： | 32 |
| 5 | high-entropy silicide:(Mo_(0.2)Nb_(0.2)Ta_(0.2)Ti_(0.2)W_(0.2))Si_(2)显示文摘A high-entropy metal disilicide,(Mo_(0.2)Nb_(0.2)Ta_(0.2)Ti_(0.2)W_(0.2))Si_(2),has been successfully synthesized.X-ray diffraction(XRD),energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy(EDX),and electron backscatter diffraction(EBSD)collectively show the formation of a single high-entropy silicide phase.This high-entropy(Mo_(0.2)Nb_(0.2)Ta_(0.2)Ti_(0.2)W_(0.2))Si_(2) possesses a hexagonal C40 crystal structure with ABC stacking sequence and a space group of P6222.This discovery expands the known families of high-entropy materials from metals,oxides,borides,carbides,and nitrides to a silicide,for the first time to our knowledge,as well as demonstrating that a new,non-cubic,crystal structure(with lower symmetry)can be made into highentropy phase.This(Mo_(0.2)Nb_(0.2)Ta_(0.2)Ti_(0.2)W_(0.2))Si_(2) exhibits high nanohardness of 16.7±1.9 GPa and Vickers hardness of 11.6±0.5 GPa.Moreover,it has a low thermal conductivity of 6.9±1.1Wm^(-1) K^(-1),which is approximately one order of magnitude lower than that of the widely-used tetragonal MoSi_(2) and ~1/3 of those reported values for the hexagonal NbSi_(2) and TaSi_(2) with the same crystal structure. | Joshua Gild Jeffrey Braun Kevin Kaufmann Eduardo Marin Tyler Harrington Patrick Hopkins Kenneth Vecchio Jian Luo | 2019 | Journal of Materiomics2019，5，3： | 27 |
| 6 | Alcoholic liver disease:Utility of animal models显示文摘Alcoholic liver disease(ALD) is a major cause of acute and chronic liver injury. Extensive evidence has been accumulated on the pathological process of ALD during the past decades. However, effective treatment options for ALD are very limited due to the lack of suitable in vivo models that recapitulate the full spectrum of ALD. Experimental animal models of ALD, particularly rodents, have been used extensively to mimic human ALD. An ideal animal model should recapitulate all aspects of the ALD process, including significant steatosis, hepatic neutrophil infiltration, and liver injury. A better strategy against ALD depends on clear diagnostic biomarkers, accurate predictor(s) of its progression and new therapeutic approaches to modulate stop or even reverse the disease. Numerous models employing rodent animals have been established in the last decades to investigate the effects of acute and chronic alcohol exposure on the initiation and progression of ALD. Although significant progress has been made in gaining better knowledge on the mechanisms and pathology of ALD, many features of ALD are unknown, and require further investigation, ideally with improved animal models that more effectively mimic human ALD. Although differences in the degree and stages of alcoholic liver injury inevitably exist between animal models and human ALD, the acquisition and translational relevance will be greatly enhanced with the development of new and improved animal models of ALD. | Arantza Lamas-Paz Fengjie Hao Leonard J Nelson Maria Teresa Vázquez Santiago Canals Manuel Gómez del Moral Eduardo Martínez-Naves Yulia A Nevzorova Francisco Javier Cubero | 2018 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2018，24，45： | 26 |
| 7 | Chemotherapy for gastric cancer显示文摘变形胃的癌症仍然是非药品疾病。没有生活妥协的质量,辩解的化疗被表明了延长幸存。单个代理人的许多和联合被证实了在变形疾病的治疗活跃。客观反应率为综合化学疗法为单个代理人的治疗和 30-60% 从 10-30%。阶段 II 和 III 研究的结果在这篇论文以及新药的潜在的功效被考察。为有局部性的疾病的病人,助手和 neoadjuvant 化疗和放射治疗的角色被讨论。辅助化疗上的大多数研究没能表明一个幸存优点,因此,它没在大多数中心被看作标准疗法。辅助免疫化疗在朝鲜和日本根本上被开发了。有 OK-432 的阶段 III 试用的元分析建议那免疫化疗可以改进病人的幸存与 curatively resected 胃的癌症。基于美国的结果团体之间 0116 学习,手术后的 chemoradiation 与 resected 在病人作为标准照顾被接受了在北美洲的胃的癌症。然而,结果被病人们经历了的事实有点惊讶不到推荐 D1 淋巴节点解剖和复发的模式建议没有任何效果,积极效果在微变形疾病上源于本地放射疗法。Neoadjuvant 化疗或 chemoradiation 治疗仍然保持试验性,但是几阶段 II 学习正在显示出有希望的结果。阶段 III 试用被需要。 | Javier Sastre Jose Angel García-Saenz Eduardo Díaz-Rubio | 2006 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2006，12，2： | 22 |
| 8 | Evaluation of inflammatory activity in Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis显示文摘Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis evolve with a relapsing and remitting course.Determination of inflammatory state is crucial for the assessment of disease activity and for tailoring therapy.However,no simple diagnostic test for monitoring intestinal inflammation is available.Noninvasive markers give only indirect assessments of disease activity.Histopathological or endoscopical examinations accurately assess inflammatory activity,but they are invasive,time consuming and expensive and therefore are unsuitable for routine use.Imaging procedures are not applicable for ulcerative colitis.The usefulness of ultrasound and Doppler imag-ing in assessing disease activity is still a matter of discussion for Crohn's disease,and an increased interest in computed tomography enterograph (CTE) has been seen,mainly because it can delineate the extent and severity of bowel wall inflammation,besides detecting extraluminal findings.Until now,the available data concerning the accuracy of magnetic resonance enterography in detecting disease activity is less than CTE.Due to this,clinical activity indices are still commonly used for both diseases. | Eduardo Garcia Vilela Henrique Osvaldo da Gama Torres Fabiana Paiva Martins Maria de Lourdes de Abreu Ferrari Marcella Menezes Andrade Aloísio Sales da Cunha | 2012 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2012，18，9： | 23 |
| 9 | Feasibility and safety of autologous bone marrow mononuclear cell transplantation in patients with advanced chronic liver disease显示文摘AIM: To evaluate the safety and feasibility of bone marrow cell (BMC) transplantation in patients with chronic liver disease on the waiting list for liver transplantation. METHODS: Ten patients (eight males) with chronic liver disease were enrolled to receive infusion of autologous bone marrow-derived cells. Seven patients were classified as Child-Pugh B and three as Child-Pugh C. Baseline assessment included complete clinical and laboratory evaluation and abdominal MRI. Approximately 50 ml of bone marrow aspirate was prepared by centrifugation in a ficoll-hypaque gradient. At least of 100 millions of mononuclear-enriched BMCs were infused into the hepatic artery using the routine technique for arterial chemoembolization for liver tumors. Patients were followed up for adverse events up to 4 mo. RESULTS: The median age of the patients was 52 years (range 24-70 years). All patients were discharged 48 h after BMC infusion. Two patients complained ofmild pain at the bone marrow needle puncture site. No other complications or specific side effects related to the procedure were observed. Bilirubin levels were lower at 1 (2.19 ± 0.9) and 4 mo (2.10 ± 1.0) after cell transplantation that baseline levels (2.78 ± 1.2). Albumin levels 4 mo after BMC infusion (3.73 ± 0.5) were higher than baseline levels (3.47 ± 0.5). International normalized ratio (INR) decreased from 1.48 (SD = 0.23) to 1.43 (SD = 0.23) one month after cell transplantation. CONCLUSION: BMC infusion into hepatic artery of patients with advanced chronic liver disease is safe and feasible. In addition, a decrease in mean serum bilirubin and INR levels and an increase in albumin levels are observed. Our data warrant further studies in order to evaluate the effect of BMC transplantation in patients with advanced chronic liver disease. | Andre Castro lyra Milena Botelho Pereira Soares luiz Flavio Maia da Silva Marcos Fraga Fortes André Goyanna Pinheiro Silva Augusto César de Andrade Mota Sheilla A Oliveira Eduardo lorens Braga Wilson Andrade de Carvalho Bernd Genser Ricardo Ribeiro dos Santos luiz Guilherme Costa lyra | 2007 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2007，13，7： | 21 |
| 10 | Long-term outcomes of hepatocellular carcinoma that underwent chemoembolization for bridging or downstaging显示文摘BACKGROUND Prospective study of 200 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)that underwent liver transplant(LT)after drug-eluting beads transarterial chemoembolization(DEB-TACE)for downstaging versus bridging.Overall survival and tumor recurrence rates were calculated,eligibility for LT,time on the waiting list and radiological response were compared.After TACE,only patients within Milan Criteria(MC)were transplanted.More patients underwent LT in bridging group.Five-year post-transplant overall survival,recurrence-free survival has no difference between the groups.Complete response was observed more frequently in bridging group.Patients in DS group can achieve posttransplant survival and HCC recurrence-free probability,at five years,just like patients within MC in patients undergoing DEB-TACE.AIM To determine long-term outcomes of patients with HCC that underwent LT after DEB-TACE for downstaging vs bridging.METHODS Prospective cohort study of 200 patients included from April 2011 through June 2014.Bridging group included patients within MC.Downstaging group(out of MC)was divided in 5 subgroups(G1 to G5).Total tumor diameter was≤8 cm for G1,2,3,4(n=42)and was>8 cm for G5(n=22).Downstaging(n=64)and bridging(n=136)populations were not significantly different.Overall survival and tumor recurrence rates were calculated by the Kaplan-Meier method.Additionally,eligibility for LT,time on the waiting list until LT and radiological response were compared.RESULTS After TACE,only patients within MC were transplanted.More patients underwent LT in bridging group 65.9%(P=0.001).Downstaging population presented:higher number of nodules 2.81(P=0.001);larger total tumor diameter 8.09(P=0.001);multifocal HCC 78%(P=0.001);more post-transplantation recurrence 25%(P=0.02).Patients with maximal tumor diameter up to 7.05 cm were more likely to receive LT(P=0.005).Median time on the waiting list was significantly longer in downstaging group 10.6 mo(P=0.028).Five-year posttransplant overall survival was 73.5%in downstaging and 72.3%bridging groups(P=0.31),and recurrence-free survival was 62.1%in downstaging and 74.8%bridging groups(P=0.93).Radiological response:complete response was observed more frequently in bridging group(P=0.004).CONCLUSION Tumors initially exceeding the MC down-staged after DEB-TACE,can achieve post-transplant survival and HCC recurrence-free probability,at five years,just like patients within MC in patients undergoing DEB-TACE. | Breno Boueri Affonso Francisco Leonardo Galastri Joaquim Mauricio da Motta Leal Filho Felipe Nasser Priscila Mina Falsarella Rafael Noronha Cavalcante Marcio Dias de Almeida Guilherme Eduardo Goncalves Felga Leonardo Guedes Moreira Valle Nelson Wolosker | 2019 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2019，25，37： | 21 |
| 11 | Epidural anesthesia improves pancreatic perfusion and decreases the severity of acute pancreatitis显示文摘AIM: To study the safety of epidural anesthesia(EA),its effect on pancreatic perfusion and the outcome of patients with acute pancreatitis(AP).METHODS: From 2005 to August 2010,patients with predicted severe AP [Ranson score ≥ 2,C-reactive protein > 100 or necrosis on computed tomography(CT)] were prospectively randomized to either a group receiving EA or a control group treated by patientcontrolled intravenous analgesia. Pain management was evaluated in the two groups every eight hours using the visual analog pain scale(VAS). Parameters for clinical severity such as length of hospital stay,use of antibiotics,admission to the intensive care unit,radiological/clinical complications and the need for surgical necrosectomy including biochemical data were recorded. A CT scan using a perfusion protocol was performed on admission and at 72 h to evaluate pancreatic blood flow. A significant variation in blood flow was defined as a 20% difference in pancreatic perfusion between admission and 72 h and was measured in the head,body and tail of the pancreas.RESULTS: We enrolled 35 patients. Thirteen were randomized to the EA group and 22 to the control group. There were no differences in demographic characteristics between the two groups. The Balthazar radiological severity score on admission was higher in the EA group than in the control group(mean score 4.15 ± 2.54 vs 3.38 ± 1.75,respectively,P = 0.347) and the median Ranson scores were 3.4 and 2.7 respectively(P = NS). The median duration of EA was 5.7 d,and no complications of the epidural procedure were reported. An improvement in perfusion of the pancreas was observed in 13/30(43%) of measurements in the EA group vs 2/27(7%) in the control group(P = 0.0025). Necrosectomy was performed in 1/13 patients in the EA group vs 4/22 patients in the control group(P = 0.63). The VAS improved during the first ten days in the EA group compared to the control group(0.2 vs 2.33,P = 0.034 at 10 d). Length of stay and mortality were not statistically different between the 2 groups(26 d vs 30 d,P = 0.65,and 0% for both respectively).CONCLUSION: Our study demonstrates that EA increases arterial perfusion of the pancreas and improves the clinical outcome of patients with AP. | Samira M Sadowski Axel Andres Philippe Morel Eduardo Schiffer Jean-Louis Frossard Alexandra Platon Pierre-Alexandre Poletti Leo Bühler | 2015 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2015，21，43： | 21 |
| 12 | Role of gastrin-peptides in Barrett's and colorectal carcinogenesis显示文摘Gastrin is the main hormone responsible for the stimulation of gastric acid secretion;in addition,gastrin and its derivatives exert proliferative and antiapoptotic effects on several cell types.Gastrin synthesis and secretion are increased in certain situations,for example,when proton pump inhibitors are used.The impact of sustained hypergastrinemia is currently being investigated.In vitro experiments and animal models have shown that prolonged hypergastrinemia may be related with higher cancer rates;although,this relationship is less clear in human beings.Higher gastrin levels have been shown to cause hyperplasia of several cell types;yet,the risk for developing cancer seems to be the same in normo-and hypergastrinemic patients.Some tumors also produce their own gastrin,which can act in an autocrine manner promoting tumor growth.Certain cancers are extremely dependent on gastrin to proliferate.Initial research focused only on the effects of amidated gastrins,but there has been an interest in intermediates of gastrin in the last few decades.These intermediates aren't biologically inactive;in fact,they may exert greater effects on proliferation and apoptosis than the completely processed forms.In certain gastrin overproduction states,they are the most abundant gastrin peptides secreted.The purpose of this review is to examine the gastrin biosynthesis process and to summarize the results from different studies evaluating the production,levels,and effects of the main forms of gastrin in different overexpression states and their possible relationship with Barrett's and colorectal carcinogenesis. | Eduardo Chueca Angel Lanas Elena Piazuelo | 2012 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2012，18，45： | 19 |
| 13 | Dissecting the molecular pathophysiology of drug-induced liver injury显示文摘Drug-induced liver injury(DILI) has become a major topic in the field of Hepatology and Gastroenterology. DILI can be clinically divided into three phenotypes: hepatocytic, cholestatic and mixed. Although the clinical manifestations of DILI are variable and the pathogenesis complicated, recent insights using improved preclinical models, have allowed a better understanding of the mechanisms that trigger liver damage. In this review, we will discuss the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying DILI. The toxicity of the drug eventually induces hepatocellular damage through multiple molecular pathways, including direct hepatic toxicity and innate and adaptive immune responses. Drugs or their metabolites, such as the common analgesic, acetaminophen, can cause direct hepatic toxicity through accumulation of reactive oxygen species and mitochondrial dysfunction. The innate and adaptive immune responses play also a very important role in the occurrence of idiosyncratic DILI. Furthermore, we examine common forms of hepatocyte death and their association with the activation of specific signaling pathways. | Hui Ye Leonard J Nelson Manuel Gómez del Moral Eduardo Martínez-Naves Francisco Javier Cubero | 2018 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2018，24，13： | 19 |
| 14 | Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes promote neurogenesis and cognitive function recovery in a mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease显示文摘Studies have shown that mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes can enhance neural plasticity and improve cognitive impairment.The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes on neurogenesis and cognitive capacity in a mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease.Alzheimer’s disease mouse models were established by injection of beta amyloid 1?42 aggregates into dentate gyrus bilaterally.Morris water maze and novel object recognition tests were performed to evaluate mouse cognitive deficits at 14 and 28 days after administration.Afterwards,neurogenesis in the subventricular zone was determined by immunofluorescence using doublecortin and PSA-NCAM antibodies.Results showed that mesenchymal stem cells-derived exosomes stimulated neurogenesis in the subventricular zone and alleviated beta amyloid 1?42-induced cognitive impairment,and these effects are similar to those shown in the mesenchymal stem cells.These findings provide evidence to validate the possibility of developing cell-free therapeutic strategies for Alzheimer’s disease.All procedures and experiments were approved by Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee(CICUAL)(approval No.CICUAL 2016-011)on April 25,2016. | Edwin E. Reza-Zaldivar Mercedes A. Hernández-Sapiéns Yanet K. Gutiérrez-Mercado Sergio Sandoval-ávila Ulises Gomez-Pinedo Ana L. Márquez-Aguirre Estefanía Vázquez-Méndez Eduardo Padilla-Camberos Alejandro A. Canales-Aguirre | 2019 | Neural Regeneration Research2019，14，9： | 19 |
| 15 | 近千年全球气候变化的长积分模拟试验显示文摘近千年全球气候变化的长积分模拟试验是全球气候模拟研究的新领域,它不仅将现代器测资料与过去代用指标序列进行了有机的衔接,而且对过去百年和年代际尺度的气候变化可进行动力学解释,探讨其主要控制因素及其导致的区域响应差异。由于这类长积分模拟对计算机技术和气候模式本身的要求较高,目前能进行这类研究的国家为数不多。重点介绍了德国马普气象研究所的全球海气耦合气候模式ECHO G,以及利用该模式进行的千年长积分模拟试验结果。首先,应用全球120年的器测资料对模拟结果进行了检验,论证了该模型较强的气候模拟能力;其次,根据全球地表2m气温的千年模拟结果,揭示了中世纪暖期—小冰期—20世纪暖期三段式气候变化时段,然后讨论了中世纪暖期和小冰期鼎盛期全球及中国的温度分布特点;最后根据对各控制因子的拟合分析与比较,初步揭示了近千年来的温度变化主要受太阳有效辐射的变化控制,而温室气体含量的增加对100年来温度的快速上升起着主导作用。 | 刘健 Hans von Storch 陈星 Eduardo Zorita 王苏民 | 2005 | 地球科学进展2005，20，5： | 18 |
| 16 | Role of systemic inflammation in cirrhosis:From pathogenesis to prognosis显示文摘The natural history of cirrhosis can be divided into an initial stage, known as compensated cirrhosis, and an advanced stage which encompasses both decompensated cirrhosis and acute-on-chronic liver failure(ACLF). The latter syndrome has been recently described as an acute deterioration of liver function in patients with cirrhosis, which is usually triggered by a precipitating event and results in the failure of one or more organs and high short-term mortality rates. Each stage is characterized by distinctive clinical manifestations and prognoses. One of the key elements involved in cirrhosis physiopathology is systemic inflammation, recently described as one of the components in the cirrhosis-associated immune dysfunction syndrome. This syndrome refers to the combination of immune deficiency and exacerbated inflammation that coexist during the course of cirrhosis and relates to the appearance of clinical complications. Since systemic inflammation is often difficult to assess in cirrhosis patients, new objective, reproducible and readily-available markers are needed in order to optimize prognosis and lengthen survival. Thus, surrogate serum markers and clinical parameters of systemic inflammation have been sought to improve disease follow-up and management, especially in decompensated cirrhosis and ACLF. Leukocyte counts(evaluated as total leukocytes, total eosinophils or neutrophil:lymphocyte ratio) and plasma levels of procalcitonin or C-reactive protein have been proposed as prognostic markers, each with advantages and shortcomings. Research and prospective randomized studies that validate these and other markers are clearly warranted. | Melisa Dirchwolf Andres Eduardo Ruf | 2015 | World Journal of Hepatology2015，7，16： | 18 |
| 17 | Reducing preoperative fasting time: A trend based on evidence显示文摘Preoperative fasting is mandatory before anesthesia to reduce the risk of aspiration.However,the prescribed 6-8 h of fasting is usually prolonged to 12-16 h for various reasons.Prolonged fasting triggers a metabolic response that precipitates gluconeogenesis and increases the organic response to trauma.Various randomized trials and meta-analyses have consistently shown that is safe to reduce the preoperative fasting time with a carbohydrate-rich drink up to 2 h before surgery.Benefits related to this shorter preoperative fasting include the reduction of postoperative gastrointestinal discomfort and insulin resistance.New formulas containing amino acids such as glutamine and other peptides are being studied and are promising candidates to be used to reduce preoperative fasting time. | JoséEduardo de Aguilar-Nascimento Diana Borges Dock-Nascimento | 2010 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery2010，2，3： | 17 |
| 18 | Effects of creep feeding and supplemental glutamine or glutamine plus glutamate (Aminogut) on pre- and post-weaning growth performance and intestinal health of piglets显示文摘Background: Creep feeding is used to stimulate piglet post-weaning feed consumption.L-Glutamine(GLN) is an important source of fuel for intestinal epithelial cells.The objective of this study was to determine the impact of creep feeding and adding GLN or AminoGut(AG;containing glutamine + glutamate) to pre-and post-weaning diets on pig performance and intestinal health.Litters(N = 120) were allotted to four treatments during 14–21 d of lactation: 1) No creep feed(NC,n = 45);2) creep fed control diet(CFCD,n = 45);3) creep fed 1% GLN(CFGLN,n = 15);4) creep fed.88% AG(CFAG,n = 15).After weaning,the NC and CFCD groups were sub-divided into three groups(n = 15 each),receiving either a control nursery diet(NC-CD,CFCD-CD) or a diet supplemented with either GLN(NC-GLN,CFCD-GLN) or with AG(NC-AG,CFCD-AG).Litters that were creep fed with diets containing GLN or AG also were supplemented with those amino acids in the nursery diets(CFGLN-GLN,CFAG-AG).Glutamine was added at 1% in all three post-weaning diet phases and AG was added at.88% in phase 1 and 2 and at.66% in phase 3.Results: Feed conversion(feed/gain) showed means among treatment means close to significance(P = 0.056) and Tukey's test for pairwise mean comparisons showed that Pigs in the CFGLN-GLN group had the best feed conversion(feed/gain) in the first three-week period post-weaning,exceeding(P = 0.044) controls(CFCD-CD) by 34%.The NC-AG group had(P = 0.02) the greatest feed intake in the last three week of the study,exceeding controls(CFCD-CD) by 12%.CFGLN-GLN,CFCD-GLN and sow reared(SR) pigs had the greatest(P = 0.049) villi height exceeding the CFCD-AG group by 18%,20% and 19% respectively.The CFAG-AG group had the deepest(P = 0.001) crypts among all treatments.CFGLN-GLN,CFCD-GLN and SR groups had the greatest(P = 0.001) number of cells proliferating(PCNA) exceeding those in the NC-CD group by 43%,54% and 63% respectively.Sow reared pigs showed the greatest(P = 0.001) intestinal absorption capacity for xylose and mannitol.Conclusion: Supplementation of creep feed and nursery diets with GLN and/or AminoGut in the first three week improved feed conversion possibly due to improved intestinal health. | Rafael A Cabrera James L Usry Consuelo Arrellano Eduardo T Nogueira Marianne Kutschenko Adam J Moeser Jack Odle | 2013 | Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology2013，4，3： | 17 |
| 19 | Deep sedation during gastrointestinal endoscopy: Propofol-fentanyl and midazolam-fentanyl regimens显示文摘AIM: To compare deep sedation with propofol-fentanyl and midazolam-fentanyl regimens during upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. METHODS: After obtaining approval of the research ethics committee and informed consent, 200 patients were evaluated and referred for upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. Patients were randomized to receive propofol-fentanyl or midazolam-fentanyl (n = 100/group).We assessed the level of sedation using the observer's assessment of alertness/sedation (OAA/S) score and bispectral index (BIS). We evaluated patient and physician satisfaction, as well as the recovery time and complication rates. The statistical analysis was performed using SPSS statistical software and included the MannWhitney test, χ 2 test, measurement of analysis of variance, and the κ statistic. RESULTS: The times to induction of sedation, recovery, and discharge were shorter in the propofolfentanyl group than the midazolam-fentanyl group. According to the OAA/S score, deep sedation events occurred in 25% of the propofol-fentanyl group and 11% of the midazolam-fentanyl group (P = 0.014). Additionally, deep sedation events occurred in 19% of the propofol-fentanyl group and 7% of the midazolamfentanyl group according to the BIS scale (P = 0.039). There was good concordance between the OAA/S score and BIS for both groups (κ = 0.71 and κ = 0.63, respectively). Oxygen supplementation was required in 42% of the propofol-fentanyl group and 26% of the midazolam-fentanyl group (P = 0.025). The mean time to recovery was 28.82 and 44.13 min in the propofolfentanyl and midazolam-fentanyl groups, respectively (P < 0.001). There were no severe complications in either group. Although patients were equally satisfied with both drug combinations, physicians were more satisfied with the propofol-fentanyl combination. CONCLUSION: Deep sedation occurred with propofolfentanyl and midazolam-fentanyl, but was more frequent in the former. Recovery was faster in the propofol-fentanyl group. | Marcos Eduardo Lera dos Santos Fauze Maluf-Filho Dalton Marques Chaves Sergio Eiji Matuguma Edson Ide Gustavo de Oliveira Luz Thiago Ferreira de Souza Fernanda C Simoes Pessorrusso Eduardo Guimares Hourneaux de Moura Paulo Sakai | 2013 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2013，19，22： | 16 |
| 20 | Immediate nipple-areola-sparing mastectomy reconstruction: An update on oncological and reconstruction techniques显示文摘Nipple-sparing mastectomy(NSM) is a safe technique in patients who are candidates for conservation breast surgery. However, there is worry concerning its oncological safety and surgical outcome in terms of postoperative complications. The authors reviewed the literature to evaluate the oncological safety, patient selection, surgical techniques, and also to identify the factors influencing postoperative outcome and complication rates. Patient selection and safety related to NSM are based on oncological and anatomical parameters. Among the main criteria, the oncological aspects include the clinical stage of breast cancer, tumor characteristics and location including small, peripherally located tumors, without multicentricity, or for prophylactic mastectomy. Surgical success depends on coordinated planning with the oncological surgeon andcareful preoperative and intraoperative management. In general, the NSM reconstruction is related to autologous and alloplastic techniques and sometimes include contra-lateral breast surgery. Choice of reconstructive technique following NSM requires accurate consideration of various patient related factors, including: breast volume, degree of ptosis, areola size, clinical factors, and surgeon's experience. In addition, tumor related factors include dimension, location and proximity to the nipple-areola complex. Regardless of the fact that there is no unanimity concerning the appropriate technique, the criteria are determined by the surgeon's experience and the anatomical aspects of the breast. The positive aspects of the technique utilized should include low interference with the oncological treatment, reproducibility, and long-term results. Selected patients can have safe outcomes and therefore this may be a feasible option for early breast cancer management. However, available data demonstrates that NSM can be safely performed for breast cancer treatment in selected cases. Additional studies and longer follow-up are necessary to define consistent selection criteria for NSM. | Alexandre Mendon?a Munhoz Eduardo Montag José Roberto Filassi Rolf Gemperli | 2014 | World Journal of Clinical Oncology2014，5，3： | 15 |
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