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| 1 | Diffusion weighted imaging in the liver显示文摘Diffusion weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DWI) is an imaging technique which provides tissue contrast by the measurement of diffusion properties of water molecules within tissues. Diffusion is expressed in an apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), which reflects the diffusion properties unique to each type of tissue. DWI has been originally used in neuroradiology. More recently, DWI has increasingly been used in addition to conventional unenhanced and enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in other parts of the body. The reason for this delay was a number of technical problems inherent to the technique, making DWI very sensitive to artifacts, which had to be overcome. With assessment of ADC values, DWI proved to be helpful in characterization of focal liver lesions. However, DWI should always be used in conjunction to conventional MRI since there is considerable overlap between ADC values of benign and malignant lesions. DWI is useful in the detection of hepatocellular carcinoma in the cirrhotic liver and detection of liver metastases in oncological patients. In addition, DWI is a promising tool in the prediction of tumor responsiveness to chemotherapy and the follow-up of oncological patients after treatment, as DWI may be capable of detecting recurrent disease earlier than conventional imaging.This review focuses on the most common applications of DWI in the liver. | Petra G Kele Eric J van der Jagt | 2010 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2010，16，13： | 48 |
| 2 | Gut bless you:The microbiota-gut-brain axis in irritable bowel syndrome显示文摘Irritable bowel syndrome(IBS)is a common clinical label for medically unexplained gastrointestinal symptoms,recently described as a disturbance of the microbiota-gut-brain axis.Despite decades of research,the pathophysiology of this highly heterogeneous disorder remains elusive.However,a dramatic change in the understanding of the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms surfaced when the importance of gut microbiota protruded the scientific picture.Are we getting any closer to understanding IBS’etiology,or are we drowning in unspecific,conflicting data because we possess limited tools to unravel the cluster of secrets our gut microbiota is concealing?In this comprehensive review we are discussing some of the major important features of IBS and their interaction with gut microbiota,clinical microbiota-altering treatment such as the low FODMAP diet and fecal microbiota transplantation,neuroimaging and methods in microbiota analyses,and current and future challenges with big data analysis in IBS. | Eline Margrete Randulff Hillestad Aina van der Meeren Bharat Halandur Nagaraja Ben RenéBjørsvik Noman Haleem Alfonso Benitez-Paez Yolanda Sanz Trygve Hausken Gülen Arslan Lied Arvid Lundervold Birgitte Berentsen | 2022 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2022，28，4： | 15 |
| 3 | 焦炭特性及其在高炉下部的变化过程显示文摘气化、石墨化和溶解是影响焦炭从高炉软熔带至炉缸间行为的三个主要过程。过去几年在一些专题项目中对这些过程进行了研究。简要叙述并讨论了这些过程的相互作用及其与焦炭特性的关系。对焦炭的气化反应进行了实验室测试研究,用以评价高炉条件下焦炭的特性。用高炉条件下的气化测试装置测试了几种焦炭试样,考查的质量指标包括反应性、结构变化和强度等。用实际尺寸的焦炭块对块状焦炭试样的高温行为进行了评估,将不同种类的焦炭试样加热到2 000℃,以鉴别其在高温下的行为。高温下焦炭将发生石墨化,对高温反应后的强度进行了评定,并作了显微观察,发现了一些现象和组织结构的变化。焦炭与液态渣铁相互作用的研究结果对焦炭在高炉下部的行为有了更好的理解。通过试验研究了焦炭抗液态铁水溶解的性能,对入炉前的焦炭和经高温反应的焦炭分别进行了试验。分析讨论了焦炭的抗气化、抗石墨化和抗铁水溶解性能与其结构、化学成分和强度的关系。 | B van der Velden C J Atkinson T Bakker J R H Stuurwold G J Tijhuis 徐万仁 | 2014 | 世界钢铁2014，，2： | 11 |
| 4 | 海绵动物的演化意义及其生物硅的仿生应用显示文摘海绵动物是地球上最古老、最简单的动物,但对它在生物进化中的定位却经历了一个漫长而复杂的认识过程.作为“活化石”,海绵动物为生物演化研究提供了最好的证据;而对海绵动物研究更令人入胜的是近年来人们发现硅质海绵动物骨针的独特结构和良好光纤特性,从而开辟了利用纳米生物技术进行仿生合成的广泛研究领域.综述了海绵动物的发现及新的分子生物学进化证据,骨针硅蛋白催化合成生物硅的研究进展及仿生合成在纳米生物技术和医学领域的潜在应用. | Werner E G Müller 王晓红 曾令森 Heinz C Schrder | 2007 | 科学通报2007，52，12： | 4 |
| 5 | Emerging pollutants in the environment:A challenge for water resource management显示文摘A significant number of emerging pollutants(EPs)resulting from point and diffuse pollution is present in the aquatic environment.These are chemicals that are not commonly monitored but have the potential to enter the environment and cause adverse ecological and human health effects.According to the NORMAN network,at least 700 substances categorized into 20 classes,have been identified in the European aquatic environment.In light of their potential impact action is urgently required.In this study,we present a concept that shows the current state of art and challenges for monitoring programs,fate and risk assessment tools and requirements for policies with respect to emerging pollutants as a base for sustainable water resource management.Currently,methods for sampling and analysis are not harmonized,being typically focused on certain EP classes.For a number of known highly hazardous EPs detection limits are too high to allow proper risk assessment.For other EPs such as microplastics method development is in its infancy.Advanced ultra-sensitive instrumental techniques should be used for quantitative determination of prioritized EPs in water,suspended matter,soil and biota.Data on EPs'and their metabolites'properties that determine their fate in the environment are often not available.National surveys on water quality often use different parameters for water quality assessment and often do not include EPs.A harmonized monitoring of surface and groundwater is not yet achieved and urgently required.Specific component integrated into models assessing the fate of EPs in a multi compartment environmental approach are missing and must be developed.The main goal of risk assessment is the overall protection of ecological communities in the aquatic environment and human health.New methods for assessing the cumulative risks from combined exposures to several stressors,including mixtures of EPs in a multi-scale approach are required.A combination of regulations and management measures with respect to use/emissions of EPs into the environment,as well as to their occurrence in the environment are fundamental to reach an efficient water resource management. | Violette Geissen Hans Mol Erwin Klumpp Günter Umlauf Marti Nadal Martine van der Ploeg Sjoerd E.A.T.M.van de Zee Coen J.Ritsema | 2015 | International Soil and Water Conservation Research2015，3，1： | 3 |
| 6 | Performant implementation of the atomic cluster expansion(PACE)and application to copper and silicon显示文摘The atomic cluster expansion is a general polynomial expansion of the atomic energy in multi-atom basis functions.Here we implement the atomic cluster expansion in the performant C++code PACE that is suitable for use in large-scale atomistic simulations.We briefly review the atomic cluster expansion and give detailed expressions for energies and forces as well as efficient algorithms for their evaluation.We demonstrate that the atomic cluster expansion as implemented in PACE shifts a previously established Pareto front for machine learning interatomic potentials toward faster and more accurate calculations.Moreover,general purpose parameterizations are presented for copper and silicon and evaluated in detail.We show that the Cu and Si potentials significantly improve on the best available potentials for highly accurate large-scale atomistic simulations. | Yury Lysogorskiy Cas van der Oord Anton Bochkarev Sarath Menon Matteo Rinaldi Thomas Hammerschmidt Matous Mrovec Aidan Thompson Gábor Csányi Christoph Ortner Ralf Drautz | 2021 | npj Computational Materials2021，，1： | 3 |
| 7 | WONCA研究论文摘要汇编——癌症晚期患者在家中临终前的症状及其难以忍受的程度与性质:基层医疗研究展望显示文摘背景基层医生可以在家中为癌症患者提供以缓解症状为目的的医疗服务。以荷兰为例,在家去世的癌症患者(占全部癌症患者的45%)大约每7人中就有1人在离世过程中表现出难以忍受的痛苦。本试验将从接受基层医疗服务的临终癌症患者的常见症状分布,症状及其难以忍受程度的强弱、随病程进展的变化情况及其性质之间的关系两个方面展开研究。方法 44名全科医生3年中不断选取预期寿命〈6个月的癌症患者。根据《痛苦状况-V》(SOS-V),每隔2个月对69种症状在选取患者中表现出的强弱及难以忍受程度进行量化。同样按照5分评价的方法〔从1分(一点不痛苦)到5分(不能更痛苦)〕,对总体症状难以忍受的程度也进行量化。 | Ruijs CD Kerkhof AJ van der Wal G 周淑新 | 2014 | 中国全科医学2014，17，17： | 2 |
| 8 | Emergence and epidemic occurrence of enterovirus 68 respiratory infections in The Netherlands in 2010显示文摘 | Adam Meijer Sabine van der Sanden Bianca E.P. Snijders Giovanna Jaramillo-Gutierrez Louis Bont Cornelis K. van der Ent Pieter Overduin Shireen L. Jenny Edin Jusic Harrie G.A.M. van der Avoort Gavin J.D. Smith Gé A. Donker Marion P.G. Koopmans | 2011 | Virology2011，，1： | 2 |
| 9 | A chromatic premirror system for a double-crystal monochromator显示文摘 | VAN DER LAAN G | 1990 | Nucl Instrum Methods A1990，291，1： | 2 |
| 10 | Oral polymorphonuclear neutrophil characteristics in relation to oral health: a cross-sectional, observational clinical study显示文摘Polymorphonuclear neutrophils(PMNs) have a major role in the innate immune system. However, little is known about PMN contribution in relation to oral health. The objective of this study was to investigate the numbers and functional characteristics of oral PMNs(o PMNs) compared with circulatory PMNs(c PMNs). Oral rinse and venous blood samples were obtained from 268 systemically and orally healthy volunteers in a cross-sectional observational study. PMN counts, cell cycle analysis and cellular activation state were investigated. Also, reactive oxygen species(ROS) production was analyzed, with and without bacterial stimulation(Fusobacterium nucleatum). In males, 1.2 × 10~6± 1.0 × 10~6 oPMNs were collected, and showed a tendency to correlate with the levels of gingival bleeding(r = 0.215, P = 0.008). Comparable o PMNs counts were found among females(1.0 × 10~6± 0.7 × 10~6). More late-stage apoptotic/necrotic cells were found among the o PMNs(53.1%) compared with the c PMNs(8.5%; Po0.001). Without additional stimulation, o PMNs were more activated than c PMNs, as indicated by higher expression of CD11 b, CD63 and CD66 b, and higher constitutive ROS levels(Po0.001). Notably, in response to bacterial stimulation, o PMNs released comparable ROS levels as c PMNs(P = 0.042). In conclusion, this study provides data on viable o PMNs showing high levels of activation in orally and systemically healthy individuals, free of apparent caries lesions and periodontal disease. These data suggests that although the o PMNs are in a more mature stage of their life cycle compared with the c PMNs, o PMNs are still responsive to stimulation, which indicates their functional potential and possible contribution to a healthy oral ecosystem. | Patrick Rijkschroeff Ineke DC Jansen Fridus A van der Weijden Bart IF Keijser Bruno G Loos Elena A Nicu | 2016 | International Journal of Oral Science2016，8，3： | 2 |
| 11 | Flow-Injection Chemiluminescence Determination of Chlorpromazine Hydrochloride Applying the Luminol-Hydrogen Peroxide-Chromium ( Ⅲ ) System 显示文摘 | Wang L Baeyens W R G Van Der Weken G | 2000 | Luminescence2000，15，： | 2 |
| 12 | 二甲双胍长期治疗2型糖尿病患者以及维生素B12缺乏的危险性:随机安慰剂对照研究(摘要)显示文摘目的 研究接受胰岛素治疗的2型糖尿病患者中,二甲双胍所致维生素B12缺乏(〈150pmol/L)、低浓度维生素B12(150—220pmol/L)的发生率,以及叶酸和同型半胱氨酸的浓度。 | Jolien de Jager Adriaan Kooy Philippe Lehert Michiel G Wulffele Jan van der Kolk Daniel Bets Joop Verburg Ab J M Donker Coen D A Stehouwer 许翎岭(译) | 2010 | 英国医学杂志中文版2010，13，5： | 2 |
| 13 | Effect of rapamycin on hepatic osteodystrophy in rats with portasystemic shunting显示文摘瞄准:如果与推延的 portasystemic 有关的 T 房间激活通过 RANKL 依赖的小径引起调停骨破折的骨头损失,学习。如果用 rapamycin 的 T 房间抑制将在老鼠免于骨头损失,我们也调查了。方法:推延的 Portasystemic 在男 Sprague-Dawley 老鼠和 rapamycin 被执行 0.1 mg/kg 被管饲法为 15 wk 管理。老鼠收到了 powderized 食物并且补加喂在骨头作文上阻止营养不良的效果。重量获得和生长在推延的动物在外科以后被恢复。在结束,骨头周转和量的骨头组织学的生物化学的参数被估计。T 房间激活,煽动性的 cytokine 生产,和 RANKL 依赖的小径的标记被测量。另外, IGF-1 和性腺机能减退的角色被调查。结果:推延的 Portasystemic 引起了是 RANKL 独立人士的低周转骨质疏松症。包括 IL-1, IL-6 和 TNFalpha,骨头再吞 cytokine 层次没在浆液和 TNFalpha 被增加, RANKL 表示不起来在 PBMC 调整了。推延的 Portasystemic 增加了传播 CD8+T 房间人口。Rapamycin 减少了传播 CD8+T 房间人口,增加了 CD8+CD25+T 规章的房间人口并且改进了骨头周转的所有参数。结论:推延的 portasystemic 引起的骨质疏松症可以被 rapamycin 部分在肝的骨营养不良的老鼠模型改善。 | Schalk W van der Merwe Maria M Conradie Robert Bond Brenda J Olivier Elongo Fritz Martin Nieuwoudt Rhena Delport Tomas Slavik Gert Engelbrecht Del Kahn Enid G Shephard Maritha J Kotze Nico P de Villiers Stephen Hough | 2006 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2006，12，28： | 2 |
| 14 | Mycorrhizal fungal diversity determines plant biodiversity,ecosystem variability and productivity显示文摘 | van der Heijden M G A Klironomos J N Ursic M | 1998 | Nature1998，396，： | 2 |
| 15 | On the composition range of amorphous binary transition metal alloys 显示文摘 | VAN DER KOLK G J MIEDEMA A R NIESSEN A K | 1988 | J Less-Common Met1988，145，： | 1 |
| 16 | A new technique of reversibly adsorbed phosphate显示文摘 | Fokkink L G J Van Reimsdijk W H | 1987 | Soil Sci Soc Am J1987，51，： | 1 |
| 17 | Studies on pore systems in catalysts: Ⅶ, description of the pore dimensions of carbon blacks by the t methodl显示文摘 | DE BORE J H LINSEN B G VAN DER P T | 1965 | Journal of Catalysis1965，4，： | 1 |
| 18 | PCR-based DNA test to confirm clinical diagnosis of autosomal recessive spinal muscular atrophy显示文摘 | Van der Steege G Grootscholten P M van der Vlies P | 1995 | Lancet1995，345，8995： | 1 |
| 19 | Biodiversity assessment using markers for ecologically important traits显示文摘 | Van TIENDEREN P H De HAAN A A Van der LINDEN C G | 2002 | Trends Ecol Evol2002，17，： | 1 |
| 20 | Static strength of doubler plate reinforced CHS X-joints loaded by in-plane bending 显示文摘 | Choo Y S Liang J X van der Vegte G J | 2004 | Journal of Constructional Steel Research2004，60，： | 1 |
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