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| 1 | CONSORT 2010说明与详述:报告平行对照随机临床试验指南的更新显示文摘大量证据显示随机对照临床试验(randomised controlled trial,RCT)的报告质量不理想。报告不透明,则读者既不能评判试验结果是否真实可靠,也不能从中提取可用于系统综述的信息。最近的方法学分析表明,报告不充分和设计不合理与对治疗效果产生评价偏倚有关。这种系统误差对RCT损害严重,而RCT正是以其能减少或避免偏倚而被视为评价干预措施的金标准。为了提高RCT的报告质量,一个由专家和编辑组成的工作组制定了临床试验报告的统一标准(Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials,CONSORT)声明。CONSORT声明于1996年首次发表,并于2001年更新。声明由对照检查清单和流程图组成,供作者在报告RCT时使用。许多核心医学期刊和主要国际性编辑组织都已认可CONSORT声明。该声明促进了对RCT的严格评价和解释。2001年,在对CONSORT进行修订时,人们就已经清楚地认识到,解释和说明制定CONSORT声明的原理,有助于研究人员等撰写或评价临床试验报告。一篇CONSORT说明与详述文章于2001年同2001版CONSORT声明一起发表。2007年1月的专家会议之后,对CONSORT声明作了进一步修订并已发表,即'CONSORT2010声明'。这次更新对原版对照检查清单作了文字上的修改,使其更为明晰,并收入了与一些新近才认识到的主题相关的建议,如选择性报告结局产生的偏倚。说明与详述文件旨在加强人们对CONSORT声明的理解、应用和传播,这次也作了大量修订,对每一项新增或更新的清单条目的含义和增改理由进行了解释,提供了优秀的报告实例,还尽可能地提供了相关的经验性研究的参考文献。文中收入了若干流程图实例。'CONSORT2010声明'、其说明与详述文件,以及相关网站(www.consort-statement.org),对于改进随机临床试验报告必将有所裨益。 | David Moher Sally Hopewell Kenneth F Schulz Victor Montori Peter C Gφtzsche P J Devereaux Diana Elbourne Matthias Egger Douglas G Altman 周庆辉 卞兆祥 刘建平 | 2010 | 中西医结合学报2010，8，8： | 318 |
| 2 | What is artificial meat and what does it mean for the future of the meat industry?显示文摘The meat industry cannot respond to increases in demand by ever increasing resource use. The industry must find solutions to issues regarding animal welfare, health and sustainability and will have to do so in the face of competition from emerging non-traditional meat and protein products in an increasingly complex regulatory environment. These novel meat and protein products, otherwise known as ‘artificial meat' are utilising ground breaking technologies designed to meet the issues facing the conventional meat industry. These artificial meats, in vitro or cultured meat and meat from genetically modified organisms have no real capacity to compete with conventional meat production in the present environment. However, meat replacements manufactured from plant proteins and mycoproteins are currently the biggest competitors and are gaining a small percentage of the market. Manufactured meats may push conventional meat into the premium end of the market, and supply the bulk, cheap end of the market if conventional meat products become more expensive and the palatability and versatility of manufactured meats improve. In time the technology for other artificial meats such as meat from genetic modified organisms or cultured meat may become sufficiently developed for these products to enter the market with no complexity of the competition between meat products. Conventional meat producers can assimilate agroecology ecology concepts in order to develop sustainable animal production systems. The conventional meat industry can also benefit from assimilating biotechnologies such as cloning and genetic modification technologies, using the technology to adapt to the changing environment and respond to the increasing competition from artificial meats. Although it will depend at least partly on the evolution of conventional meat production, the future of artificial meat produced from stem cells appears uncertain at this time. | Sarah P F Bonny Graham E Gardner David W Pethick Jean-Franois Hocquette | 2015 | Journal of Integrative Agriculture2015，14，2： | 15 |
| 3 | High-pressure methane and carbon dioxide adsorption on dry and moisture-equilibrated Pennsylvanian coals显示文摘 | B.M Krooss F van Bergen Y Gensterblum N Siemons H.J.M Pagnier P David | 2002 | International Journal of Coal Geology2002，，2： | 3 |
| 4 | Isolation of angiopoietin-1,a ligand for the TIE2 receptor,by secretion-trap expression cloning 显示文摘 | David S Aldrich T H Johes P F | 1996 | Cell1996，87，7： | 2 |
| 5 | Angiopoietin-1 inhibits endothelial cell apoptosis via Akt/Survivin pathway 显示文摘 | Andreas P David F Keyvan M | 2000 | Biol Chem2000，275，13： | 2 |
| 6 | Analyzing predictors of graft survival in patients undergoing liver transplantation with donors aged 70 years and over显示文摘AIM To increase the number of available grafts.METHODS This is a single-center comparative analysis performed between April 1986 and May 2016. Two hundred and twelve liver transplantation(LT) were performed with donors ≥ 70 years old(study group). Then, we selected the first cases that were performed with donors < 70 years old immediately after the ones that were performed with donors ≥ 70 years old(control group).RESULTS Graft and patient survivals were similar between both groups without increasing the risk of complications, especially primary non-function, vascular complications and biliary complications. We identified 5 risk factors as independent predictors of graft survival: recipient hepatitis C virus(HCV)-positivity [hazard ratio(HR) = 2.35; 95% confidence interval(CI): 1.55-3.56; P = 0.00]; recipient age(HR = 1.04; 95%CI: 1.02-1.06; P = 0.00); donor age X model for end-stage liver disease(D-MELD)(HR = 1.00; 95%CI: 1.00-1.00; P = 0.00); donor value of serum glutamic-pyruvic transaminase(HR = 1.00; 95%CI: 1.00-1.00; P = 0.00); and donor value of serum sodium(HR = 0.96; 95%CI: 0.94-0.99; P = 0.00). After combining D-MELD and recipient age we obtained a new scoring system that we called DR-MELD(donor age X recipient age X MELD). Graft survival significantly decreased in patients with a DR-MELD score ≥ 75000, especially in HCV patients(77% vs 63% at 5 years in HCV-negative patients, P = 0.00; and 61% vs 25% at 5 years in HCV-positive patients; P = 0.00). CONCLUSION A DR-MELD ≥ 75000 must be avoided in order to obtain the best results in LT with donors ≥ 70 years old. | Oscar Caso-Maestro Carlos Jiménez-Romero Iago Justo-Alonso Jorge Calvo-Pulido David Lora-Pablos Alberto Marcacuzco-Quinto Félix Cambra-Molero Alvaro García-Sesma Marina Pérez-Flecha Carlos Munoz- Arce Carmelo Loinaz-Segurola Alejandro Manrique-Municio | 2018 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2018，24，47： | 2 |
| 7 | Molecular-beacon multiplex real-Time PCR assay for detection of Vibrio cholerae显示文摘 | ANETA J G DAVID F P | 2006 | Appl Environ Microbiol2006，72，9： | 1 |
| 8 | Repeat sequence proteins as matrices for nanocomposites显示文摘 | Lawrence F D Hilmar K David M P | 2009 | Mater Sci Eng2009，29，： | 1 |
| 9 | Relationship of superficial scald development and ct-Farnesene oxidation to re- actions of diphenylamine and diphenylamine derivatives in CV, Granny Smith apple peel 显示文摘 | David R R James P M John K F | 2005 | J Agric Food Chem2005，，53： | 1 |
| 10 | Engineering a simple, efficient code generator generator 显示文摘 | CHRISTOPER W F DAVID R H TODD A P | 1992 | ACM Letters on Programming Languages and Systems1992，1，3： | 1 |
| 11 | Generation of water-in-oil and oil-in-water microdroplets in polyester-toner microfluidic devices显示文摘 | EVANDRO P DAVIDE F PAOLO S | 2014 | Sensors and Actuators B:Chemical2014，196，6： | 1 |
| 12 | Work group demography,social integration,and turnover显示文摘 | O'Reilly Charles A III David F Caldwell and William P Barnett | 1989 | Administrative Science Quarterly1989，，34： | 1 |
| 13 | Lithium insertion into manganese spinels 显示文摘 | Thackeray M M David W I F Bruce P G | 1983 | Mater Res Bull1983，18，4： | 1 |
| 14 | A Hypervisor for Em-bedded Computing显示文摘 | Reames P Chan E David F | 2007 | Illinois Journal of Undergraduate Re-search2007，，2： | 1 |
| 15 | High-pressure methane and carbon dioxide adsorption on dry and moisture-equilibrated Pennsylvanian coals显示文摘 | Krooss B M van Bergen F Gensterblum Y Siemons N Pagnier H J M David P | 2002 | Int J Coal Geol2002，51，2： | 1 |
| 16 | Lignosus rhinocerus (Cooke) ryvarden: a medicinal mushroom that stimulates neurite outgrowth in pc-12 cells 显示文摘 | Eik L F Naidu M David P | 2012 | Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine2012，，32： | 1 |
| 17 | Mean phase coherence as a measure for phase synchronization and its application to the EEG of epilepsy patients 显示文摘 | Mormanna F Lehnertz K David P | 2000 | Physica2000，144，34： | 1 |
| 18 | Optimizing a priority discipline queueing model using fuzzy set theory 显示文摘 | MARIA J P DAVID D F | 2007 | Computers and Mathematicals with Applica- tions2007，54，： | 1 |
| 19 | Novel morphology In enteromorpha (Ulvaphyceae) forming green tides 显示文摘 | Jaanika B Saara B David P F | 2002 | Am J Bot2002，89，11： | 1 |
| 20 | Notes on colons distribution in plant populations显示文摘 | DAVID F N MOORE P G | 1954 | Annals Botany1954，18，： | 1 |
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